CN115368087A - Ecological slope protection brick - Google Patents
Ecological slope protection brick Download PDFInfo
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- CN115368087A CN115368087A CN202211175916.1A CN202211175916A CN115368087A CN 115368087 A CN115368087 A CN 115368087A CN 202211175916 A CN202211175916 A CN 202211175916A CN 115368087 A CN115368087 A CN 115368087A
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/18—Waste materials; Refuse organic
- C04B18/24—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork
- C04B18/248—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork from specific plants, e.g. hemp fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2652—Nitrogen containing polymers, e.g. polyacrylamides, polyacrylonitriles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/38—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- C04B24/383—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/205—Securing of slopes or inclines with modular blocks, e.g. pre-fabricated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00732—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for soil stabilisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/76—Use at unusual temperatures, e.g. sub-zero
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to an ecological slope protection brick which comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 520-560 parts of stones, 310-330 parts of natural sand, 130-170 parts of cement and 60-75 parts of water; the cement mortar also comprises polyacrylamide, wherein the weight part of the polyacrylamide is 0.9-2.7% of that of the cement. According to the invention, the raw materials and the proportion of the existing ecological slope protection brick are improved, and materials such as polyacrylamide and carboxymethyl cellulose are added, wherein the polyacrylamide can effectively improve the workability of concrete and enhance the cohesiveness, and the carboxymethyl cellulose has the functions of a thickening agent and an adhesive and has better degradability, so that the consumption of cement can be effectively reduced, and the secondary pollution to the environment is reduced; the ecological slope protection bricks are promoted to be degraded quickly, the soil environment is improved, the plant growth and ecological restoration are promoted, and the ecological slope protection effect of sustainable development is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to an ecological slope protection brick.
Background
Currently, environmental problems arising during highway construction are increasingly prominent. For example, a bare slope formed in the construction of a highway is extremely easy to be eroded by natural factors such as external wind, rain, freezing and the like; in rainy season, the water-soil-loss-resistant artificial wetland is easy to be washed by rainwater, so that water and soil loss, even integral landslide and the like are caused. Therefore, in the prior art, concrete pouring, stone block laying or slope protection brick laying and other modes are adopted.
In these construction scenes, the best mode is to have enough supporting strength to protect the side slope during construction and restore the natural state of the plant-covered part after construction is completed. The prior art cannot achieve the effect.
For example, the invention patent of China, with the application number of 201911088114.5 and the publication number of CN110698121A, discloses an ecological slope protection brick and a preparation method thereof, and adopts the paving of the slope protection brick to carry out soil solidification.
The above prior art also has a number of problems:
1. the existing slope protection technology does not adopt a circular ecology concept, does not carry out integral optimization on the slope ecological development alternate evolution process, and cannot realize the ecological slope protection effect of sustainable development.
2. In the prior art, the vegetation slope is made of traditional raw materials such as stones, sand and cement, the strength of the vegetation slope can be maintained for a long time in nature, the growth of plants is inhibited, and sometimes, the vegetation slope can grow and recover completely only after being manually dismantled.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to an ecological slope protection brick, so as to solve the problem that the natural environment is difficult to recover for a long time after the construction is completed because the existing ecological slope protection brick is mostly made of traditional production raw materials such as stones, sand, cement, etc., which results in the inhibition of plant growth.
The ecological slope protection brick improves the traditional production raw materials, and adds materials such as polyacrylamide, carboxymethyl cellulose and the like on the basis of the existing raw materials; the method can effectively reduce the using amount of cement, improve cohesiveness, maintain short-term strength, and facilitate later-stage accelerated degradation under natural conditions, thereby reducing secondary pollution to the environment and finally achieving good slope protection effect with sustainable and ecological cycle.
The invention fully utilizes the natural development law and applies technical means to carry out integral optimization on the ecological development alternative evolution process. The ecological slope protection brick provided by the invention is provided with holes with different sizes, wherein herbaceous plants are planted in the small holes, and woody plants are planted in the large holes. Paving ecological slope protection bricks at the beginning of highway construction, and mainly utilizing the ecological slope protection bricks to solidify soil and prevent rain wash at the early stage; in the middle stage, the grown herbaceous plants and the ecological slope protection bricks are used for jointly solidifying soil; over time, woody plants have survived and have luxuriant roots, and in the later period, the woody plants and the herbaceous plants are utilized to solidify water and soil together for a long time. After a period of time, the ecological slope protection bricks are gradually aged and degraded and finally return to nature, and dynamic balance of ecological environment is realized.
Based on the purpose, the invention provides an ecological slope protection brick which comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 520-560 parts of stones, 310-330 parts of natural sand, 130-170 parts of cement and 60-75 parts of water; also included are polyacrylamides.
Further, the weight part of the polyacrylamide is 0.9% -2.7% of the weight part of the cement; more preferably, the weight part of the polyacrylamide is 1.8% -2.2% of the weight part of the cement.
Further, the raw materials also comprise carboxymethyl cellulose, and the weight part of the carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.9 to 3.5 percent of that of the cement; more preferably, the weight part of the carboxymethyl cellulose is 2.5% -2.9% of the weight part of the cement.
Further, the more preferred scheme of the ecological slope protection brick is that the ratio of the weight parts of water and cement is (0.41-0.47): 1.
further, the ecological slope protection brick preferably comprises the raw materials of 5-12 parts by weight of plant fiber, and the stones are specifically slag.
The ecological slope protection brick is in a polygon prism shape, and the shape of the ecological slope protection brick is any one of a triangular prism, a quadrangular prism, a pentagonal prism, a hexagonal prism or an irregular prism. Grass planting holes are formed in the upper surface of the ecological slope protection brick, and the ratio of the area of the grass planting holes to the area of the upper surface of the ecological slope protection brick is (0.35-0.6): 1.
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The polyacrylamide in the technical scheme provided by the invention can effectively improve the workability of concrete and enhance the cohesiveness, and has better degradability, so that the use amount of cement can be effectively reduced, and the secondary pollution to the environment is reduced.
(2) According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the carboxymethyl cellulose has the functions of a thickening agent and an adhesive, so that the using amount of cement can be reduced, and good effects of accelerating degradation and improving soil are achieved.
(3) The invention adds proper amount of plant fiber, can reduce the dead weight of the slope protection brick, is convenient for construction and laying, and also has the characteristics of easy natural degradation, improved water permeability and the like.
(4) The ecological slope protection brick provided by the invention can be provided with a larger grass planting hole space, and the grass planting hole can be used for planting not only herbaceous plants, but also woody plants, so that the ecological slope protection effect can be better achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the change in compressive strength of a freeze-thaw test of a prior art reference sample A of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the change of compressive strength of a freeze-thaw test after adding polyacrylamide according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the change of compressive strength of a freeze-thaw test after adding carboxymethyl cellulose in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the change in compressive strength of a freeze-thaw test after reducing the amount of cement used in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an ecological slope protection brick according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a second schematic view of the ecological slope protection brick of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a third schematic view of the ecological slope protection brick of the present invention.
Labeled as:
1. a brick body; 2. and (5) planting grass holes.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to specific embodiments below.
It is to be noted that technical terms or scientific terms used herein should have the ordinary meaning as understood by those having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, unless otherwise defined. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
The following embodiments of the invention all adopt GB/T50082-2009 Standard test method for testing the long-term performance and the durability of common concrete to carry out anti-freezing tests; the compression test is carried out according to GB/T50081 standard of test method for mechanical properties of common concrete. The invention relates to a method for trial assembly, adjustment and determination of concrete proportioning by adopting 'design rule of common concrete proportioning' (JGJ 55-2011).
1. The brands and specifications of the materials required for the test of the invention are as follows.
Cement: adopts the 'conch' brand cement produced by Anhui conch cement company Limited, and the grade selects 32.5 ordinary portland cement;
stone: selecting stones with the particle size of 10-15 mm;
sand: selecting natural sand with the grain diameter of 0.5-2.5 mm;
water: selecting common tap water;
slag: selecting slag with the particle size of 8-13 mm;
polyacrylamide PAM: the preparation method comprises the following steps of (1) selecting Texas Reverlustar water purification raw material Limited company to produce 'Reverstar' brand polyacrylamide, and selecting anionic polyacrylamide with the molecular weight of 1800 ten thousand;
carboxymethyl cellulose CMC: "Haite" brand carboxymethyl cellulose produced by Gallery Senxuan cellulose Limited is selected.
2. To test the durability of each example, the inventive examples were tested using a freezing resistance test that best reflects the durability index. The embodiment of the invention adopts 25 times of interval freeze-thaw cycles specified in GB/T50082-2009, and also adopts 5, 10, 15 and 20 times of freeze-thaw cycles in order to reflect the change of the freeze-thaw strength below 25 times.
3. Procedure of the test
3.1 selecting a common concrete formula for the ecological slope protection bricks in the prior art as a reference sample, wherein the concrete formula comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 540 parts of stones, 320 parts of natural sand, 155 parts of cement and 67 parts of water.
3.2 reference a:
3.2.1 the reference sample A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 540 parts of stones, 320 parts of natural sand, 155 parts of cement and 67 parts of water.
3.2.2 reference sample A cured for 28 days, the compressive strength was 30.21MPa. The compressive strength of the freeze-thaw test of 0 times, referred to in the following examples of the present invention, is the compressive strength of the concrete after curing for 28 days.
3.2.3 reference sample A Freeze thaw test
3.3 first group: adding polyacrylamide material on the basis of the reference sample A, wherein the weight part of the added polyacrylamide is 0.9-2.7% of cement (or 1.4-4.2% of polyacrylamide); and dissolving and mixing polyacrylamide and the water according to the weight part of the invention, and uniformly mixing and stirring the polyacrylamide and other materials to prepare a sample B test block.
Through analysis of the first group of test results, after 50 times of freeze-thaw cycles, the compressive strength of the part B sample is reduced to below 10MPa, and the related requirements of test evaluation can be met. After 50 times of freeze-thaw cycles, the first group reflects samples with a reasonable range of B4\ B5\ B6; the B5 samples were selected as the first group of samples with the best polyacrylamide content.
Visual observation: observing appearance changes of the first group of test samples B1-B7 after being subjected to freeze-thaw cycles for 50 times, wherein compared with A, cracks appear on the surfaces of the test pieces of B1-B2; compared with A, the cracks on the surface of the test piece are obviously increased and a little peeling phenomenon appears at the corners of the test piece B3-B4; compared with A, the B5-B7 samples have the advantages of increased crack gaps and number of cracks and obvious integral peeling phenomenon.
3.4 second group: based on the sample B5 example, a carboxymethyl cellulose material was added; the weight portion of the carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.9 to 3.5 percent of the cement (or the weight portion of the added carboxymethyl cellulose is 1.4 to 5.4 portions); and dissolving and mixing the carboxymethyl cellulose and the water in parts by weight, and uniformly mixing and stirring the mixture and other materials to prepare a sample C test block.
Through analysis of the second group of test results, after 25 times of freeze-thaw cycles, the compressive strength of part of the sample C is reduced to below 10MPa, and the related requirements of test evaluation can be met. After 25 times of freeze-thaw cycles, the second group of samples reflects samples with a reasonable range of C4\ C5\ C6, wherein the optimal content is the C5 sample.
Visual observation: observing appearance changes of the second group of test samples C1-C7 after the second group of test samples are subjected to freeze thawing circulation for 25 times, wherein compared with A, the overall shape of the test piece has no obvious change and cracks appear on the surface of the test piece when C1-C3 is compared with A; compared with A, the C4-C5 has the advantages that the surface cracks of the test piece are obviously increased, and a little peeling phenomenon appears at the corners; compared with A, the C6-C7 change the overall shape of the test piece, increase the crack gap of the test piece, increase the number of cracks and obviously peel off the whole test piece.
And 3.5, a third group, namely selecting a second group of C5 samples as an optimal content, and performing the test by reducing the weight parts of the cement.
Through analysis of the third group of test results, the compressive strength of the samples D1-D4 after the freeze-thaw test is rapidly attenuated, and the loss of the compressive strength of D3 and D4 is overlarge; and taking the D2 sample as the sample of the cement proportioning optimal scheme.
Visual observation: and observing appearance changes of the third group of test samples D1-D4 after freeze-thaw cycles, wherein the appearance changes of the third group of test samples D1-D2 are obvious in cracks and part of aggregates are peeled off, and the samples D3-D4 are large in overall deformation and serious in aggregate peeling.
3.6 fourth group the sample tailing slag content was adjusted based on the example of sample D2 instead of pebbles.
And analyzing the fourth group of test results to obtain that the initial compressive strength is 24.32MPa after the slag replaces the stones on the basis of the sample D2, and the compressive strength is less than 10MPa after 25 freeze-thaw cycles, so that the expected design requirements are met.
4. And (4) conclusion:
the proportioning scheme of the invention is as follows: an ecological slope protection brick comprises the following materials in parts by weight: 540 parts of slag, 320 parts of natural sand, 136 parts of cement and 67 parts of water; the cement also comprises polyacrylamide and carboxymethyl cellulose, wherein the weight part of the polyacrylamide is 0.9% -2.7% of the weight of the cement; the weight portion of the carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.9% -3.5% of that of the cement.
The technical scheme provided by the invention improves and optimizes the traditional production raw materials, adds materials such as polyacrylamide, carboxymethyl cellulose and the like on the basis of the existing raw materials, further screens and processes the raw materials, optimizes the proportion of different particle sizes of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and the like, can effectively reduce the using amount of cement, improve cohesiveness, maintain short-term strength, facilitate later-stage accelerated degradation under natural conditions, reduce secondary pollution to the environment, and finally achieve the good slope protection effect of sustainability and ecological cycle. In the construction process of the product, the ecological slope protection bricks are matched with each other and are arranged and paved, the bricks are firmly connected, and a mutual embedded structure is formed, so that the integral stability of the ecological slope protection is improved.
The ecological slope protection brick provided by one or more embodiments of the specification comprises, by weight, 520-560 parts of stones, 310-330 parts of natural sand, 130-170 parts of cement and 60-75 parts of water; also included are polyacrylamides; the weight portion of the polyacrylamide is 0.9-2.7% of the weight portion of the cement, the raw material also comprises carboxymethyl cellulose, and the weight portion of the carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.9-3.5% of the weight portion of the cement.
Further preferably, the preferable scheme of the ecological slope protection brick comprises the following materials in parts by weight: comprises 530 to 550 parts of stones, 315 to 325 parts of natural sand, 150 to 160 parts of cement and 63 to 71 parts of water; the cement further comprises polyacrylamide and carboxymethyl cellulose, wherein the weight part of the polyacrylamide is 1.6% -2.4% of the weight part of the cement; the weight portion of the carboxymethyl cellulose is 2.3% -3.0% of that of the cement.
Further preferably, the weight part of the polyacrylamide is 1.8% -2.2% of the weight part of the cement, and most preferably 2.0%.
More preferably, the weight part of the carboxymethyl cellulose is 2.5% -2.9% of the weight part of the cement, and most preferably 2.7%.
Further preferably, the more preferred scheme of the ecological slope protection brick is that the ratio of the water to the cement in parts by weight is (0.41-0.47): 1, most preferably 0.45.
Further preferably, the stone is specifically slag.
Further preferably, the slope protection brick raw material also comprises 5-12 parts by weight of plant fiber, and the plant fiber can be straw fiber or jute fiber.
In some alternative embodiments, the slope protection brick raw material further comprises plant fibers; the plant fiber is easy to naturally degrade, and meanwhile, the self weight of the slope protection brick can be reduced, so that construction and laying are facilitated. The plant fiber can be selected from one of jute fiber, wood fiber, bamboo fiber, crop straw fiber, flax fiber, ramie fiber and the like. The jute fiber is preferred in the invention, the jute fiber has better strength, the average breaking strength of the jute process fiber is about 2.7cN/dtex, and the breaking elongation is 2.3-3.5%. After the jute fiber is degraded, the jute fiber can also be used as a fertilizer for slope protection plants to promote the growth of the slope plants and is beneficial to enhancing the slope protection effect.
Furthermore, the further preferable scheme of the ecological slope protection brick comprises the following materials in parts by weight: 540 parts of slag, 320 parts of natural sand, 148 parts of cement, 67 parts of water and 8 parts of plant fiber; the weight portion of the polyacrylamide is 3.1 portions; the weight portion of the carboxymethyl cellulose is 4.2 portions. The polyacrylamide can lock free water inside, and humidity balance is maintained; and the concrete can be agglomerated into uniform gel, and the cohesiveness of the concrete is improved.
In some optional embodiments, the ecological slope protection brick provided by the present invention, the brick body is a polygon prism, and the shape of the ecological slope protection brick is any one of a triangular prism, a quadrangular prism, a pentagonal prism, a hexagonal prism and an irregular prism. Ecological slope protection brick is mutually supported the installation and is laid, forms each other and inlays formula structure, has strengthened the firm degree between the brick body, improves whole slope protection stability. In addition, ecological slope protection brick structure also can adopt single structure adjacent row to lay, splices into the grass planting hole with two liang of butt joints of its depressed part, increases the grass planting hole area. The ratio of the area of the grass planting holes to the area of the upper surface of the brick body is (0.35-0.6): 1.
the length of the plant fiber is 12-18 mm, and the length of the plant fiber is more preferably 15mm. The plant fiber is preferably jute fiber, and the length of a jute single fiber is generally 1-2.5 mm, so the invention needs to adopt bundled jute process fiber, and the length is 10-20mm, preferably 15mm. The jute fiber has low cost and is easy to degrade.
The ecological slope protection brick disclosed by the invention is naturally degraded, and the self-degradable performance of polyacrylamide and carboxymethyl cellulose is fully utilized, so that good effects of accelerating degradation and improving soil are achieved. In addition, the natural degradation of jute fiber also plays a good promoting role. Since the jute fiber is arranged in the ecological slope protection brick, the relevant data of the degradation characteristic of the jute fiber cannot be obtained by material object sampling, and the degradation characteristic of the jute fiber along with the change of the degradation time can only be researched by testing the conditions of the mass loss rate and the tensile strength after the jute fiber is exposed to two environments of outdoor and soil burying (moist soil) for different time periods. According to the research results of ' natural degradation performance research ' published by the teachers of textile institute Yang Zhanyuan and Yan Baopu of the university of east China ', the concrete characteristics are shown in the following table.
As can be seen from the above table, the degradation characteristics of jute fiber with time are different in both the outdoor exposure and the soil burial (moisture soil) exposure. Considering that the physical environment of the ecological slope protection brick is between the two environments, the degradation characteristic value range of the jute fiber in the physical environment of the invention can be accurately estimated, namely the natural degradation rate value range of the jute fiber is 37.82-100% in a 160-day period; further, the natural degradation period of the jute fiber can be measured to be 160-423 days.
After the ecological slope protection brick reaches the degradation period, the ecological slope protection brick begins to slowly and naturally degrade. Firstly, herbaceous plants planted on the ecological slope protection bricks survive and thrive, and the herbaceous plants and the ecological slope protection bricks solidify soil together; secondly, the woody plants also survive and grow luxuriant root systems, and the woody plants and the herbaceous plants solidify water and soil for a long time as time goes on; and finally, the ecological slope protection bricks are aged and degraded gradually from the inside and finally return to the nature. The invention fully utilizes the natural development law and integrally optimizes the ecological development alternative evolution process. Finally, the good slope protection effect of sustainable and ecological circulation is achieved.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the discussion of any embodiment above is meant to be exemplary only, and is not intended to intimate that the scope of the disclosure, including the claims, is limited to these examples; within the idea of the invention, also features in the above embodiments or in different embodiments may be combined, steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.
The present invention is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variances which fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, substitutions, improvements and the like that may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An ecological slope protection brick is characterized in that the raw materials comprise, by weight, 520-560 parts of stones, 310-330 parts of natural sand, 130-170 parts of cement and 60-75 parts of water; also included are polyacrylamides.
2. The ecological slope protection brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polyacrylamide accounts for 0.9-2.7% of the cement.
3. The ecological slope protection brick of claim 1, wherein the raw material further comprises carboxymethyl cellulose.
4. The ecological slope protection brick of claim 3, wherein the weight part of the carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.9-3.5% of the weight part of the cement.
5. The ecological slope protection brick according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the raw materials comprise, by weight, 530 to 550 parts of stones, 315 to 325 parts of natural sand, 150 to 160 parts of cement, and 63 to 71 parts of water; the cement further comprises polyacrylamide and carboxymethyl cellulose, wherein the weight part of the polyacrylamide is 1.6% -2.4% of the weight part of the cement; the weight portion of the carboxymethyl cellulose is 2.3% -3.0% of that of the cement.
6. The ecological slope protection brick of claim 5, wherein the weight portion of the polyacrylamide is 1.8% -2.2% of the weight portion of the cement.
7. The ecological slope protection brick of claim 5, wherein the weight part of the carboxymethyl cellulose is 2.5% -2.9% of the weight part of the cement.
8. The ecological slope protection brick of claim 5, wherein the ratio of the water to the cement in parts by weight is (0.41-0.47): 1.
9. the ecological slope protection brick of claim 5, wherein the raw material further comprises 5-12 parts by weight of plant fiber, and the stone is specifically slag.
10. The ecological slope protection brick of claim 5, wherein the ecological slope protection brick is a polygon prism, the ecological slope protection brick is in any one of a triangular prism, a quadrangular prism, a pentagonal prism, a hexagonal prism or an irregular prism, grass planting holes are formed in the ecological slope protection brick, and the ratio of the area of the grass planting holes to the area of the upper surface of the ecological slope protection brick is (0.35-0.6): 1.
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