CN115354517A - 生物和物理相结合分解农业秸秆的方法 - Google Patents
生物和物理相结合分解农业秸秆的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115354517A CN115354517A CN202211120770.0A CN202211120770A CN115354517A CN 115354517 A CN115354517 A CN 115354517A CN 202211120770 A CN202211120770 A CN 202211120770A CN 115354517 A CN115354517 A CN 115354517A
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- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 241000948980 Actinobacillus succinogenes Species 0.000 description 1
- 101001065065 Aspergillus awamori Feruloyl esterase A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010031186 Glycoside Hydrolases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000005744 Glycoside Hydrolases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010059820 Polygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010093305 exopolygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010002430 hemicellulase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940059442 hemicellulase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C5/00—Other processes for obtaining cellulose, e.g. cooking cotton linters ; Processes characterised by the choice of cellulose-containing starting materials
- D21C5/005—Treatment of cellulose-containing material with microorganisms or enzymes
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C5/00—Other processes for obtaining cellulose, e.g. cooking cotton linters ; Processes characterised by the choice of cellulose-containing starting materials
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
- D21D1/00—Methods of beating or refining; Beaters of the Hollander type
- D21D1/20—Methods of refining
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
- D21D5/00—Purification of the pulp suspension by mechanical means; Apparatus therefor
- D21D5/02—Straining or screening the pulp
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种生物和物理相结合分解农业秸秆的方法，包括（1）向秸秆原料中加入用于分解秸秆细胞壁的第一酶制剂；（2）在经步骤（1）处理后的秸秆原料中加入用于分解半纤维素的第二酶和/或菌制剂；（3）对经步骤（2）处理的原料进行蒸煮；（4）对原料进行固液分离；（5）对固体部分进行高浓舒解，即采用高浓磨机进行摩擦分解，制成纤维素原料；（6）对纤维素原料过筛得到纸浆。本发明不用碱或酸，无有害物质的排放，环保性能优异，且使用方便。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种分解农业秸秆的方法。
背景技术
秸秆作为一种农业废弃物，一般采用焚烧等方法处理，既浪费资源又污染环境；现有的秸秆进行分解的方法采用碱等化学方法或化学机械方法，有排放，对环境有害。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种环保、方便的生物和物理相结合分解农业秸秆的方法。
本发明的技术解决方案是：
一种生物和物理相结合分解农业秸秆的方法，其特征是：包括下列步骤：
（1）向秸秆原料中加入用于分解秸秆细胞壁的第一酶制剂；
（2）在经步骤（1）处理后的秸秆原料中加入用于分解半纤维素的第二酶和/或菌制剂；
（3）对经步骤（2）处理的原料进行蒸煮；
（4）对原料进行固液分离；
（5）对固体部分进行高浓舒解，即采用高浓磨机进行摩擦分解，制成纤维素原料；
（6）对纤维素原料过筛得到纸浆。
对步骤（4）固液分离得到的液体作为生物炭基肥料或进行再分离，得到木质素、菌肥等产品。
步骤（1）处理时间为1-3天；步骤3处理时间为2-4天。
步骤（3）的蒸煮温度为90-150℃，时间为0.5-1小时。
本发明不用碱，无有害物质的排放，环保性能优异，且使用方便。
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
一种生物和物理相结合分解农业秸秆的方法，包括下列步骤：
（1）向秸秆原料中加入用于分解秸秆细胞壁的第一酶制剂；时间为1-3天；第一酶制剂的用量为秸秆原料质量的0.02-0.25%。
（2）在经步骤（1）处理后的秸秆原料中加入用于分解半纤维素的第二酶和/或菌制剂；处理时间为2-4天。第二酶和/或菌制剂的用量为秸秆原料质量的0.02-0.25%。
（3）对经步骤（2）处理的原料进行蒸煮；蒸煮温度为90-150℃，时间为0.5-1小时。
（4）对原料进行固液分离；
（5）对固体部分进行高浓舒解，即采用高浓磨机进行摩擦分解，制成纤维素原料；
（6）对纤维素原料过筛得到纸浆。
对步骤（4）固液分离得到的液体进一步采用常规化学或物理方法进行再分离，得到木质素、菌肥等产品。
所述的第一酶制剂可以是纤维素酶、果胶酶、阿魏酸酯酶等可以分解秸秆细胞壁的酶；所述第二酶和/或菌制剂中的酶可以是糖苷酶、半纤维素酶等，菌可以是芽孢杆菌、高产SCP菌、丁二酸放线杆菌等。
Claims (4)
1.一种生物和物理相结合分解农业秸秆的方法，其特征是：包括下列步骤：
（1）向秸秆原料中加入用于分解秸秆细胞壁的第一酶制剂；
（2）在经步骤（1）处理后的秸秆原料中加入用于分解半纤维素的第二酶和/或菌制剂；
（3）对经步骤（2）处理的原料进行蒸煮；
（4）对原料进行固液分离；
（5）对固体部分进行高浓舒解，即采用高浓磨机进行摩擦分解，制成纤维素原料；
（6）对纤维素原料过筛得到纸浆。
2.根据权利要求1所述的生物和物理相结合分解农业秸秆的方法，其特征是：对步骤（4）固液分离得到的液体用作生物炭基肥的原料或进行再分离，得到木质素、菌肥等产品。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的生物和物理相结合分解农业秸秆的方法，其特征是：步骤（1）处理时间为1-3天；步骤3处理时间为2-4天；步骤（1）、（2）的温度控制在40~60°C。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的生物和物理相结合分解农业秸秆的方法，其特征是：步骤（3）的蒸煮温度为90-150℃，时间为0.5-1小时。
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109736118A (zh) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-05-10 | 紫荷花(北京)科技有限公司 | 一种农作物秸秆微生物制浆方法 |
| CN113950550A (zh) * | 2019-01-22 | 2022-01-18 | 耶拿贸易有限公司 | 纤维素纤维的制备 |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109736118A (zh) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-05-10 | 紫荷花(北京)科技有限公司 | 一种农作物秸秆微生物制浆方法 |
| CN113950550A (zh) * | 2019-01-22 | 2022-01-18 | 耶拿贸易有限公司 | 纤维素纤维的制备 |
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