CN115354260A - Automobile aluminum alloy engine cylinder hole wear-resistant coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Automobile aluminum alloy engine cylinder hole wear-resistant coating and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/56—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.7% by weight of carbon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/131—Wire arc spraying
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of wear-resistant coatings, and particularly relates to a wear-resistant coating for a cylinder hole of an automobile aluminum alloy engine and a preparation method thereof. The chemical components of the wear-resistant coating comprise, by mass: 15 to 18 percent of Cr, 8 to 12 percent of Ni, 5 to 10 percent of Mo, 3 to 5 percent of W, 2 to 5 percent of Nb, 1.5 to 3 percent of C, 2 to 3 percent of B, 1 to 2 percent of Mn, 1 to 1.5 percent of Si, and the balance of Fe; atomizing the arc-melted powder core wire by supersonic airflow and spraying the powder core wire onto the surface of the cylinder hole at an accelerated speed. The wear-resistant coating disclosed by the invention is low in preparation cost, has the advantages of high bonding strength, good thermal shock resistance, high-temperature wear resistance, self-lubricating antifriction and corrosion resistance, has porosity and density in coating tissue, is not easy to peel off in service, and prolongs the service life of an engine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wear-resistant coatings, and particularly relates to a wear-resistant coating for a cylinder hole of an automobile aluminum alloy engine and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The rapid development of the automotive industry has brought about increasingly serious problems of energy and environmental pollution. As a core component and a power output device of a vehicle, the engine plays a decisive role in the aspects of the service performance, energy conservation and emission reduction of the automobile. The whole cylinder of the traditional engine is formed by cast iron through die-casting, although the cylinder formed by cast iron through die-casting has better high-pressure resistance and wear resistance, the cast iron engine is heavier and has poor heat dissipation performance, so that more fuel consumption and more tail gas emission are caused.
In order to reduce fuel consumption, the design of engines is being developed toward light weight, and more light engines using aluminum alloys as materials are being developed. However, the aluminum alloy cylinder has poor wear resistance, which causes the cylinder wall surface to be easily worn during the working process of the engine, so that the sealing between the piston and the cylinder wall is poor, and the oil consumption and the exhaust emission are inevitably increased under the condition of not changing the displacement and the output power. In addition, the heat capacity characteristics of cast iron and aluminum alloy are different, and the problem of thermal corrosion failure is easily caused because the inner surface of a cylinder cover and the top end surface of a piston are in direct contact with high-temperature fuel gas in the working process of an engine, so that the durability of an aluminum alloy engine cylinder body is directly influenced.
For an aluminum alloy engine cylinder body, a method of thermally spraying a wear-resistant coating on the surface of a cylinder bore of the cylinder is generally adopted to solve the problem of easy wear. The cylinder hole spraying technology is that a layer of alloy coating is sprayed on the roughened aluminum engine cylinder hole by adopting a thermal spraying technology (plasma spraying, supersonic flame spraying and electric arc spraying) so as to replace the traditional cast iron cylinder sleeve. The aluminum alloy cylinder body sprayed with the coating is still an integral cylinder body, the thickness of the coating is only 0.3mm, and the aluminum alloy cylinder body has the advantages of reducing the weight of an engine, reducing the friction and the abrasion between a cylinder hole and a piston, improving the heat conduction, reducing the oil consumption and reducing CO 2 And discharging and the like.
However, plasma spraying equipment is expensive, the coating preparation cost is high, the bonding strength of the coating and the substrate is low, and flat particles in the coating are easy to fall off and wear. The supersonic flame spraying utilizes the combustion of hydrocarbon fuel gas such as kerosene, propane, propylene and the like or hydrogen, high-pressure oxygen and the like to generate high-temperature and high-speed jet flow, the fuel consumption is large, the cost is high, and the selection of spraying materials is limited due to the low flame temperature. The traditional electric arc spraying has a series of advantages of simple and convenient operation, low working heat influence, high coating performance, wide application range, high working efficiency, low economic cost, high operation safety and the like, but the coating has high porosity and low bonding strength with a matrix, and the coating is easy to peel off during operation, thereby influencing the service life of the coating.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the wear-resistant coating for the cylinder hole of the automobile aluminum alloy engine is low in preparation cost, has the advantages of high bonding strength, good thermal shock resistance, high-temperature wear resistance, self-lubricating friction reduction and corrosion resistance, has porosity and density, is not easy to peel off in service, and prolongs the service life of the engine; the invention also provides a preparation method of the composition.
The invention relates to an automobile aluminum alloy engine cylinder hole wear-resistant coating which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 15 to 18 percent of Cr, 8 to 12 percent of Ni, 5 to 10 percent of Mo, 3 to 5 percent of W, 2 to 5 percent of Nb, 1.5 to 3 percent of C, 2 to 3 percent of B, 1 to 2 percent of Mn, 1 to 1.5 percent of Si, and the balance of Fe.
The element Cr can improve the hardness of the coating, improve the wear resistance of the coating and improve the corrosion resistance of the coating; the element Ni has self-adhesiveness, so that the coating structure is compact, and the thermal fatigue resistance is improved; the element Mo can ensure the self-lubricating effect of the coating, improve the toughness of the coating and reduce the friction coefficient; the element W improves the wear resistance of the coating at high temperature, thereby slowing down the high-temperature wear failure of the cylinder and prolonging the service life of the engine; the element Nb is combined with carbon in the coating to change the microstructure of the coating and play a role in strengthening fine grain strengthening and dispersion strengthening.
The preparation method of the wear-resistant coating of the cylinder hole of the automobile aluminum alloy engine comprises the following steps:
(1) Carrying out surface roughening on the cast aluminum alloy engine blank cylinder hole by adopting a machining mode;
(2) Cleaning and drying the roughened aluminum alloy engine cylinder hole;
(3) And atomizing the arc-melted powder core wire by using supersonic airflow, and spraying the powder core wire on the surface of the cylinder hole of the aluminum alloy engine at an accelerated speed to obtain the wear-resistant coating.
In the step (1), the surface roughening structure after mechanical processing is a spiral trapezoidal groove type or a spiral dovetail groove type (as shown in fig. 2), and the groove depth is larger than the groove width (namely, the depth/width is larger than 1). The mechanical cutting groove with the coarsening structure can generate enough bonding strength to ensure that the bonding area of the coating and the inner wall of the cylinder hole is enough, and the bonding strength and the reliability of the coating and the cylinder hole are ensured. The mechanical processing is carried out by adopting a conventional processing method.
In the step (2), during cleaning, high-pressure clean water is adopted for washing, and then residual moisture is dried through resistance heating. The cleaning and drying aims to remove oil stains, scraps and burrs on the two side surfaces of the aluminum alloy matrix.
In the step (3), the powder core wire has the diameter of 1.2mm or 1.6mm and is made of stainless steel cold-rolled steel strips coated with powder cores.
The chemical components of the powder core wire material comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 15 to 18 percent of Cr, 8 to 12 percent of Ni, 5 to 10 percent of Mo, 3 to 5 percent of W, 2 to 5 percent of Nb, 1.5 to 3 percent of C, 2 to 3 percent of B, 1 to 2 percent of Mn, 1 to 1.5 percent of Si, and the balance of Fe.
In the step (3), the speed of the supersonic gas flow is 800-1200 m/s, and the supersonic gas flow is generated by mixing high-purity propane (the purity is more than 99.9%) with compressed air flow in a volume ratio of 1 (20-30) and fully combusting the mixture through a spray gun. The proportion ensures that the propane and the oxygen in the air are fully combusted, and prevents oxide impurities in the coating from influencing the quality of the coating; the molten metal is atomized by high-speed airflow, the size of molten drops is smaller, the speed is high, a coating with high bonding strength can be prepared, and the thermal shock performance of the coating is improved.
In the step (3), the spraying parameters are as follows: voltage is 32-45V, current is 100-300A, spraying angle is 60-90 degrees, spraying distance is 100-300 mm, and rotating speed is 100-200 r/min. The coating obtained under the spraying parameters is more uniform in structure and can form a better layered structure.
In the step (3), the obtained wear-resistant coating has the thickness of 250-400 microns, the porosity of 2-5%, the surface hardness of 50-65 HRC and the bonding strength with the surface of the aluminum alloy engine cylinder hole of 50-60 MPa. Has excellent wear resistance, bonding strength and oil storage lubrication performance.
The preparation process of the wear-resistant coating of the cylinder hole of the automobile aluminum alloy engine is shown in figure 1, and the supersonic airflow is utilized to atomize the arc-melted powder core wire and accelerate the powder core wire to spray to the surface of the cylinder hole to prepare the wear-resistant coating. The obtained wear-resistant coating has the advantages of high bonding strength and good thermal shock resistance, and the coating is prevented from being peeled off in service; the aluminum alloy engine has the characteristics of excellent wear resistance, friction reduction and corrosion resistance, and the service life of the aluminum alloy engine is prolonged; meanwhile, the coating has uniform and compact structure, improves the thermal fatigue property of the coating, has certain porosity, ensures certain oil storage and plays a role in lubrication and friction reduction; the coating has low preparation cost and higher cost performance.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) In the wear-resistant coating, the element Cr ensures that the coating has wear resistance and corrosion resistance, the element W ensures that the coating has better high-temperature wear resistance, the element Mo ensures that the coating has self-lubricating and antifriction properties, the element Ni has self-adhesiveness, the coating is compact in structure, the thermal fatigue property of the coating is improved, and the element Nb has the strengthening effects of fine grain strengthening and dispersion strengthening;
(2) Compared with an aluminum alloy cylinder body embedded with a cast iron cylinder sleeve, the aluminum alloy engine cylinder body sprayed with the coating is still an integrated cylinder body, the coating thickness is small, the heat conduction efficiency is high, the thermal expansion degree between the cylinder hole and the coating is basically synergistic, and the fuel consumption and the tail gas emission are reduced;
(3) The wear-resistant coating is prepared by adopting supersonic airflow arc spraying, compared with the plasma spraying technology, the spraying equipment is relatively cheap, the preparation cost of the coating is low, the bonding strength of the coating and a substrate is high, and the coating is not easy to fall off and wear in service; compared with the supersonic flame spraying technology, the method reduces a large amount of used fuel and greatly reduces the cost; compared with the traditional electric arc spraying technology, the coating has relatively low porosity and high bonding strength with a substrate, and is not easy to peel off during operation, so that the service life of the coating is prolonged;
(4) According to the invention, the aluminum alloy engine cylinder hole is coarsened by adopting a machining mode, and the coarsening structure is a spiral dovetail groove or a trapezoid groove structure, so that the bonding area of the coating and the inner wall of the cylinder hole is ensured to be enough, and the bonding strength and reliability of the coating and the cylinder hole are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process for preparing an automobile aluminum alloy engine cylinder bore wear-resistant coating according to the present invention;
in the figure, 11, an aluminum alloy engine block; 12. a wear-resistant coating; 13. supersonic airflow and atomized molten cored wires; 14. a supersonic gas flow arc spray gun;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a mechanical roughening structure of the surface of a cylinder bore of an aluminum alloy engine of an automobile;
in the figure, 21, dovetail groove type; 22. a trapezoidal groove shape.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and modifications of the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art should be within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The preparation method for preparing the wear-resistant coating of the cylinder hole of the automobile aluminum alloy engine comprises the following steps:
(1) The surface of a cast aluminum alloy engine blank cylinder hole is roughened in a machining mode, the roughening structure is a spiral dovetail groove type (see figure 2), and the groove depth is larger than the groove width.
(2) And (3) washing the roughened aluminum alloy engine cylinder hole with high-pressure clean water, removing oil stains, scraps and burrs, and then heating and drying residual moisture by resistance.
(3) Preparing a powder core wire with the diameter of 1.6mm, wherein the powder core wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 15% of Cr, 10% of Ni, 8% of Mo, 5% of W, 2.5% of Nb, 1.5% of C, 3% of B, 2% of Mn, 1% of Si and the balance of Fe. Compressed air with the flow rate of 525L/min and high-purity propane with the flow rate of 21L/min are mixed and fully combusted, supersonic airflow with the speed of 800-1200 m/s is generated by a spray gun, the powder core wire is atomized and sprayed on the surface of a cylinder hole of an aluminum alloy engine in an accelerating mode, and the wear-resistant coating is obtained. The spraying process parameters are as follows: the voltage is 36V, the current is 200A, the spraying angle is 75 degrees, the rotating speed is 120r/min, and the spraying distance is 150mm.
Example 2
The preparation method for preparing the wear-resistant coating of the cylinder hole of the automobile aluminum alloy engine comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) roughening the surface of the blank cylinder hole of the cast aluminum alloy engine by adopting a machining mode, wherein the roughening structure is a spiral type trapezoid groove (shown in figure 2), and the groove depth is greater than the groove width.
(2) And (3) washing the roughened aluminum alloy engine cylinder hole with high-pressure clean water, removing oil stains, scraps and burrs, and then heating and drying residual moisture by resistance.
(3) Preparing a powder core wire with the diameter of 1.6mm, wherein the powder core wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 18% of Cr, 8% of Ni, 10% of Mo, 3% of W, 4% of Nb, 3% of C, 2% of B, 1.5% of Mn, 1% of Si and the balance of Fe. Compressed air with flow rate of 525L/min and high-purity propane with flow rate of 21L/min are mixed and fully combusted, supersonic airflow with speed of 800-1200 m/s is generated by a spray gun, the powder core wire is atomized and is sprayed on the surface of a cylinder hole of an aluminum alloy engine in an accelerating manner, and the wear-resistant coating is obtained. The spraying process parameters are as follows: the voltage is 38V, the current is 300A, the spraying angle is 75 degrees, the rotating speed is 150r/min, and the spraying distance is 200mm.
Example 3
The preparation method for preparing the wear-resistant coating of the cylinder hole of the automobile aluminum alloy engine comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) roughening the surface of the blank cylinder hole of the cast aluminum alloy engine by adopting a machining mode, wherein the roughening structure is a spiral type trapezoid groove (shown in figure 2), and the groove depth is greater than the groove width.
(2) And (3) washing the roughened aluminum alloy engine cylinder hole with high-pressure clean water, removing oil stains, scraps and burrs, and then heating and drying residual moisture by resistance.
(3) Preparing a powder core wire with the diameter of 1.2mm, wherein the powder core wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 16% of Cr, 8% of Ni, 10% of Mo, 3% of W, 2.5% of Nb, 2.5% of C, 2% of B, 1% of Mn, 1% of Si and the balance of Fe. Compressed air with the flow rate of 525L/min and high-purity propane with the flow rate of 21L/min are mixed and fully combusted, supersonic airflow with the speed of 800-1200 m/s is generated by a spray gun, the powder core wire is atomized and sprayed on the surface of a cylinder hole of an aluminum alloy engine in an accelerating mode, and the wear-resistant coating is obtained. Wherein the spraying process parameters are as follows: voltage 42V, current 250A, spraying angle 70 degrees, rotating speed 180r/min, and spraying distance 180mm.
Comparative example 1
Compared with the embodiment 1, the difference of the comparative example is that in the step (3), propane is not added in the process of preparing the wear-resistant coating by the supersonic gas flow, and other steps and parameters are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
Compared with the example 1, the comparative example is different in that in the step (1), the surface of the aluminum alloy engine cylinder hole is roughened by adopting the traditional high-pressure sand blasting, and other steps and parameters are the same as those in the example 1.
Comparative example 3
Compared with the embodiment 1, the difference of the comparative example is that the Fe-based alloy powder is sprayed on the hole wall of the inner hole of the cylinder with the aluminum alloy as the matrix by adopting the plasma spraying technology to form the wear-resistant coating. The alloy powder comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 30% of Cr, 8% of Mo, 0.5% of Si, 0.1% of Mn, 0.03% of C and the balance of Fe. The parameters of plasma spraying are as follows: the voltage is 50V, the spraying distance is 30mm, the rotating speed is 120r/min, the air draft speed is 10m/s, the powder feeding speed is 120g/min, and the spraying angle is 45 degrees.
Plasma spraying equipment is expensive, the preparation cost of the coating is high, the bonding strength of the coating and the substrate is low, flat particles in the coating are easy to fall off, and the wear resistance is reduced.
Comparative example 4
Compared with the embodiment 1, the difference of the comparative example is that the WC-10Co-4Cr alloy powder is sprayed on the hole wall of the inner hole of the cylinder with the aluminum alloy as the substrate by adopting the supersonic flame spraying technology to form the wear-resistant coating. The spraying parameters are as follows: the oxygen flow is 2000scfh, the kerosene flow is 6.8gph, the spraying distance is 300mm, the carrier gas flow is 23scfh, the rotating speed of the powder feeder is 5.5rpm, and the moving linear speed of the spray gun is 2r/s.
The supersonic flame spraying utilizes the combustion of hydrocarbon fuel gas such as kerosene, propane, propylene and the like or hydrogen, high-pressure oxygen and the like to generate high-temperature and high-speed jet flow, the fuel consumption is large, the cost is high, and the selection of spraying materials is limited due to the low flame temperature.
Comparative example 5
Compared with the embodiment 1, the difference of the comparative example is that the traditional electric arc spraying technology is adopted to spray the powder core wire with the diameter of 1.6mm on the hole wall of the inner hole of the aluminum alloy cylinder to form the wear-resistant coating. The spraying parameters are as follows: voltage 32V, current 200A, air pressure 0.5MPa, spraying distance 150mm. The other steps and parameters were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 6
This comparative example is different from example 1 in the chemical composition of the powder core wire. The powder core wire with the diameter of 1.6mm adopted in the comparative example comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 15% of Cr, 10% of Ni, 5% of W, 2.5% of Nb, 1.5% of C, 3% of B, 2% of Mn, 1% of Si and the balance of Fe. The other steps and parameters were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 7
This comparative example is different from example 1 in the chemical composition of the powder core wire. The powder core wire with the diameter of 1.6mm adopted in the comparative example comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 15% of Cr, 10% of Ni, 8% of Mo, 2.5% of Nb, 1.5% of C, 3% of B, 2% of Mn, 1% of Si and the balance of Fe. The other steps and parameters were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 8
This comparative example is different from example 1 in the chemical composition of the powder core wire. The powder core wire with the diameter of 1.6mm adopted in the comparative example comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 15% of Cr, 10% of Ni, 8% of Mo, 5% of W, 1.5% of C, 3% of B, 2% of Mn, 1% of Si and the balance of Fe. The other steps and parameters were the same as in example 1.
The aluminum alloy engine cylinder bore spray wear-resistant coatings prepared in each example and comparative example were subjected to performance tests, wherein the surface hardness of the wear-resistant coating was tested with reference to the standard YS/T541-2006, the bonding strength was tested with reference to the standard GB/T8642-2002, the porosity was tested with reference to the standard GB/T17721-1999, and the sliding wear was tested with reference to the standard GB/T12444-2006. The test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Performance test results
As can be seen from the table 1, the wear-resistant coating prepared on the surface of the aluminum alloy engine cylinder hole by adopting supersonic airflow electric arc spraying has the advantages that compared with plasma spraying, the preparation cost of the coating is high, the bonding strength of the coating and a matrix is low, and flat particles in the coating fall off and are worn; compared with supersonic flame spraying, the method reduces a large amount of used fuel and greatly reduces the cost; compared with the traditional electric arc spraying, the coating has relatively low porosity, high bonding strength with a matrix, difficult peeling of the coating during operation and prolonged service life. After propane is added in the process of preparing the wear-resistant coating under supersonic airflow, the surface hardness and the bonding strength of the coating are favorably improved. The wear-resistant coating prepared by the supersonic airflow arc spraying technology has higher bonding strength and hardness, and the performance of the wear-resistant coating is improved by more than 5 times compared with that of a cast iron cylinder sleeve.
The wear-resistant coating has high bonding strength and good thermal shock resistance, and the coating is prevented from peeling off in service; the aluminum alloy engine has the characteristics of excellent wear resistance, friction reduction and corrosion resistance, and the service life of the aluminum alloy engine is prolonged; the coating has uniform and compact structure, improves the thermal fatigue property of the coating, has certain porosity, ensures certain oil storage and plays a role in lubrication and friction reduction; the coating has low preparation cost and higher cost performance.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an automobile aluminum alloy engine cylinder hole wear-resistant coating which characterized in that: the chemical components comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 15 to 18 percent of Cr, 8 to 12 percent of Ni, 5 to 10 percent of Mo, 3 to 5 percent of W, 2 to 5 percent of Nb, 1.5 to 3 percent of C, 2 to 3 percent of B, 1 to 2 percent of Mn, 1 to 1.5 percent of Si, and the balance of Fe.
2. The preparation method of the wear-resistant coating for the cylinder hole of the automobile aluminum alloy engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Carrying out surface roughening on a blank cylinder hole of the cast aluminum alloy engine by adopting a machining mode;
(2) Cleaning and drying the roughened aluminum alloy engine cylinder hole;
(3) And atomizing the arc-melted powder core wire by using supersonic airflow, and spraying the powder core wire on the surface of the cylinder hole of the aluminum alloy engine at an accelerated speed to obtain the wear-resistant coating.
3. The method for preparing the wear-resistant coating of the aluminum alloy engine cylinder bore of the automobile as recited in claim 2, wherein: in the step (1), the surface roughening structure after mechanical processing is a spiral trapezoid groove type or a spiral dovetail groove type, and the groove depth is larger than the groove width.
4. The method for preparing the wear-resistant coating of the aluminum alloy engine cylinder hole of the automobile as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in the step (2), during cleaning, high-pressure clean water is adopted for washing, and then residual moisture is dried through resistance heating.
5. The method for preparing the wear-resistant coating of the aluminum alloy engine cylinder hole of the automobile as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in the step (3), the powder core wire has the diameter of 1.2mm or 1.6mm and is made of stainless steel cold-rolled steel strips coated with powder cores.
6. The method for preparing the wear-resistant coating of the aluminum alloy engine cylinder hole of the automobile as claimed in claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the chemical components of the powder core wire material comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 15 to 18 percent of Cr, 8 to 12 percent of Ni, 5 to 10 percent of Mo, 3 to 5 percent of W, 2 to 5 percent of Nb, 1.5 to 3 percent of C, 2 to 3 percent of B, 1 to 2 percent of Mn, 1 to 1.5 percent of Si, and the balance of Fe.
7. The method for preparing the wear-resistant coating of the aluminum alloy engine cylinder bore of the automobile as recited in claim 2, wherein: in the step (3), the speed of the supersonic airflow is 800-1200 m/s.
8. The method for preparing the wear-resistant coating of the aluminum alloy engine cylinder hole of the automobile as claimed in claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the supersonic gas flow is generated by mixing high-purity propane and compressed air in a volume ratio of 1 (20-30) and fully combusting through a spray gun.
9. The method for preparing the wear-resistant coating of the aluminum alloy engine cylinder hole of the automobile as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in the step (3), the spraying parameters are as follows: voltage is 32-45V, current is 100-300A, spraying angle is 60-90 degrees, spraying distance is 100-300 mm, and rotating speed is 100-200 r/min.
10. The method for preparing the wear-resistant coating of the aluminum alloy engine cylinder bore of the automobile as recited in claim 2, wherein: in the step (3), the obtained wear-resistant coating has the thickness of 250-400 microns, the porosity of 2-5%, the surface hardness of 50-65 HRC and the bonding strength with the surface of the aluminum alloy engine cylinder hole of 50-60 MPa.
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| CN116497279A (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-07-28 | 无锡市曙光高强度紧固件有限公司 | High-strength high-wear-resistance stud and preparation process thereof |
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| CN113481458A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-10-08 | 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 | Wear-resistant particle wear-resistant powder core wire material and preparation method thereof, wear-resistant particle wear-resistant coating and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113481458A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-10-08 | 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 | Wear-resistant particle wear-resistant powder core wire material and preparation method thereof, wear-resistant particle wear-resistant coating and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116497279A (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-07-28 | 无锡市曙光高强度紧固件有限公司 | High-strength high-wear-resistance stud and preparation process thereof |
| CN116497279B (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-10-10 | 无锡市曙光高强度紧固件有限公司 | High-strength high-wear-resistance stud and preparation process thereof |
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