CN115347214A - Fuel cell system and aircraft provided with same - Google Patents
Fuel cell system and aircraft provided with same Download PDFInfo
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- CN115347214A CN115347214A CN202210341717.7A CN202210341717A CN115347214A CN 115347214 A CN115347214 A CN 115347214A CN 202210341717 A CN202210341717 A CN 202210341717A CN 115347214 A CN115347214 A CN 115347214A
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 215
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 83
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04402—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode exhausts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
- H01M8/04164—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by condensers, gas-liquid separators or filters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04761—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell exhausts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04925—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/0494—Power, energy, capacity or load of fuel cell stacks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D41/00—Power installations for auxiliary purposes
- B64D2041/005—Fuel cells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D27/00—Arrangement or mounting of power plants in aircraft; Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
- B64D27/02—Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
- B64D27/24—Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants using steam or spring force
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a fuel cell system capable of discharging fuel gas in emergency while suppressing complication and cost increase of the system, and an aircraft having the fuel cell system. The fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell; a fuel gas tank; a fuel gas supply flow path; a fuel gas supply mechanism; a main check valve for controlling the opening and closing of the fuel gas tank; a fuel gas discharge flow path; an exhaust/drain valve that controls discharge of the fuel gas discharged from the fuel cell to the outside of the system; and a control unit that, upon receiving a discharge command for the fuel gas, controls the exhaust/discharge valve, the fuel gas supply mechanism, and the main stop valve to be opened to discharge the fuel gas from the fuel gas tank.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to a fuel cell system and an aircraft equipped with the fuel cell system.
Background
A fuel cell system supplies a fuel gas and an oxidizing gas to a fuel cell to generate electric power. In general, a fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell; a fuel gas supply mechanism for supplying a fuel gas to an anode of the fuel cell; and an oxidizing gas supply mechanism for supplying an oxidizing gas to the cathode of the fuel cell.
In recent years, the development of aircraft equipped with fuel cell systems has been advanced. For example, a fuel cell system provided in an aircraft described in patent literature 1 is configured to operate when the supply of electric power to a consuming unit on the aircraft is insufficient. The fuel cell system mounted on an aircraft described in patent document 2 is used as a main power supply source, an auxiliary power supply source, or the like.
Patent document 1: japanese patent application laid-open No. 2008-532253
Patent document 2: japanese patent laid-open No. 2000-25696
Fuel cell systems equipped in aircraft sometimes discharge fuel gas in an emergency. In general, in preparation for such a situation, it is considered to add a control valve to the tank valve of the fuel gas tank, but there is a concern that the system becomes complicated and the cost increases due to the addition of the control valve.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above circumstances, a main object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system capable of discharging fuel gas in an emergency while suppressing complication and increase in cost of the system.
As one means for solving the above problem, the present disclosure provides a fuel cell system including: a fuel cell; a fuel gas tank for storing fuel gas; a fuel gas supply passage connecting the fuel cell and the fuel gas tank; a fuel gas supply mechanism provided in the fuel gas supply flow path and configured to supply the fuel gas to the fuel cell; a main stop valve provided between the fuel gas tank and the fuel gas supply mechanism in the fuel gas supply passage and controlling opening and closing of the fuel gas tank; a fuel gas discharge flow path connected to the fuel cell; a gas/water discharge valve provided in the fuel gas discharge flow path and configured to control discharge of the fuel gas discharged from the fuel cell to the outside of the system; and a control unit that controls the exhaust/discharge valve, the fuel gas supply mechanism, and the main stop valve to be opened to discharge the fuel gas from the fuel gas tank when receiving a discharge command of the fuel gas.
The fuel cell system may include: an oxidizing gas supply passage connected to the fuel cell; an oxidizing gas supply mechanism provided in the oxidizing gas supply passage and configured to supply an oxidizing gas to the fuel cell; and an oxidizing gas discharge passage connected to the fuel cell, one end of the fuel gas discharge passage being connected to the fuel cell, and the other end of the fuel gas discharge passage being connected to the oxidizing gas discharge passage, wherein the fuel gas discharged from the fuel cell is discharged from the oxidizing gas discharge passage to the outside of the system through the fuel gas discharge passage, and the control unit controls the oxidizing gas supply mechanism so as to supply the oxidizing gas to the fuel cell when receiving a discharge command of the fuel gas.
In the above fuel cell system, the control unit may control the main stop valve, the fuel gas supply mechanism, and the exhaust gas discharge valve to be closed when an amount of the fuel gas stored in the fuel gas tank is lower than a predetermined threshold value after receiving the discharge command of the fuel gas.
The control unit may control the exhaust discharge valve, the fuel gas supply mechanism, and the main stop valve to be sequentially opened in this order when the discharge command of the fuel gas is received, and the control unit may control the main stop valve, the fuel gas supply mechanism, and the exhaust discharge valve to be sequentially closed in this order when the amount of the fuel gas accumulated in the fuel gas tank after the discharge command of the fuel gas is received is less than a predetermined threshold value.
The control unit may control the fuel cell system so as to increase the electric power generated by the fuel cell when receiving a discharge command of the fuel gas.
The present disclosure provides an aircraft including the fuel cell system as one means for solving the above problems.
The present disclosure is directed to control the exhaust discharge valve, the fuel gas supply mechanism, and the main stop valve to be opened when a discharge command for the fuel gas is received. This makes it possible to smoothly discharge the fuel gas in an emergency without providing an additional control valve to the fuel gas tank. Therefore, according to the present disclosure, it is possible to smoothly discharge the fuel gas in an emergency while suppressing complication and increase in cost of the system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a fuel cell system 100.
Fig. 2 shows an example of a processing routine of the control unit 50.
Description of reference numerals:
10 8230and fuel cell; 20 8230and a fuel gas pipe part; 21\8230afuel gas tank; 22\8230anda fuel gas supply flow path; 23 \ 8230and a fuel gas supply mechanism; 24\8230anda main stop valve; 25\8230anda fuel gas discharge flow path; 26\8230agas and water discharge valve; 27\8230anda gas-liquid separator; 28 \ 8230and a circulating flow path; 30% -8230a pipe part for oxidant gas; 31 8230where an oxidant gas supply flow path; 32 \ 8230and an oxidant gas supply mechanism; 33 8230and an oxidant gas discharge flow path; 40 \ 8230and a cooling water pipe distribution part; 41 823000, a cooling water flow path; 42 8230and radiator; 43 \ 8230and a cooling water supply mechanism; 50 8230and a control part; 100 \ 8230and a fuel cell system.
Detailed Description
The fuel cell system of the present disclosure will be described using a fuel cell system 100 as an embodiment. Fig. 1 is a block diagram simply showing a fuel cell system 100.
The fuel cell system 100 is equipped with an aircraft. The aircraft that can be provided with the fuel cell system 100 is not particularly limited as long as it is an object that can fly in the air. For example, the aircraft also includes general aircrafts, sesna (cesna), drones, and the like. The fuel cell system 100 may be mounted not only on an aircraft but also on a vehicle or the like.
As shown in fig. 1, the fuel cell system 100 includes a fuel cell 10, a fuel gas pipe section 20, an oxidizing gas pipe section 30, a cooling water pipe section 40, and a controller 50.
< Fuel cell 10 >
The fuel cell 10 has a structure in which a plurality of fuel cell units (may be simply referred to as "unit cells") are stacked in series. The single cell has: an electrolyte membrane; an anode disposed on one surface of the electrolyte membrane; and a cathode disposed on the other surface of the electrolyte membrane. Specifically, a catalyst layer is disposed on both surfaces of the electrolyte membrane, a diffusion layer is disposed outside the catalyst layer, and a separator having a fuel gas flow path and an oxidant gas flow path is disposed outside the diffusion layer. Such a fuel cell is a general structure. Here, in the fuel cell, the catalyst layer and the diffusion layer function as an anode or a cathode.
The electrolyte membrane, the catalyst layer, the diffusion layer, and the separator disposed in the fuel cell are not particularly limited, and known structures can be used. For example, an ion exchange membrane made of a solid polymer material can be given as an electrolyte membrane. The catalyst layer may be a platinum-based catalyst. Examples of the diffusion layer include porous materials such as carbon materials. Examples of the separator include metal materials such as stainless steel, and carbon materials such as carbon composite materials.
The fuel cell 10 generates electric power by an electrochemical reaction in which a fuel gas is supplied to the anode and an oxidant gas is supplied to the cathode. The generated electric current is used for various electric loads (a motor driving a propeller, etc.) of the aircraft, for example, or is stored in a separate storage battery.
< fuel gas piping portion 20 >
The fuel gas piping portion 20 is used to supply the fuel gas to the anode of the fuel cell 10. The fuel gas piping section 20 includes a fuel gas tank 21, a fuel gas supply passage 22, a fuel gas supply mechanism 23, a main stop valve 24, a fuel gas discharge passage 25, and an exhaust/drain valve 26. As shown in fig. 1, the fuel gas pipe section 20 may include a gas-liquid separator 27 and a circulation flow path 28. The fuel gas pipe section 20 may include a member generally provided in the fuel gas pipe section in addition to the above.
The fuel gas tank 21 is used to store fuel gas. The fuel gas refers to hydrogen gas, reformed gas, or the like. When the fuel gas is hydrogen gas, the fuel gas tank 21 may be formed of, for example, a high-pressure hydrogen tank, a hydrogen-absorbing alloy, or the like. The pressure of the hydrogen gas may be, for example, in the range of 35MPa to 70 MPa. When the fuel gas is reformed gas, the fuel gas tank 21 may be constituted by, for example, a reformer for generating hydrogen-rich reformed gas from hydrocarbon fuel, and a high-pressure gas tank for accumulating the reformed gas generated by the reformer in a high-pressure state. The number of the fuel gas tanks 21 may be 1 or more.
The fuel gas tank 21 is provided with a fuel gas sensor P for measuring the amount of fuel gas stored (fuel gas pressure), and the fuel gas sensor P measures the amount of fuel gas in the fuel gas tank 21 at any time. The measurement result of the fuel gas sensor P is sent to the control unit 50.
The fuel gas supply passage 22 is a pipe connecting the fuel cell 10 and the fuel gas tank 21, and is a passage through which the fuel gas supplied to the fuel cell 10 flows.
The fuel gas supply mechanism 23 is provided in the fuel gas supply passage 22 and supplies the fuel gas to the fuel cell 10. The fuel gas supply mechanism 23 is not particularly limited, and an injector, a regulator, an electromagnetic valve, and the like can be mentioned. The number of the fuel gas supply mechanisms 23 may be 1 or plural. When there are a plurality of fuel gas supply mechanisms 23, the fuel gas supply mechanisms 23 may be provided in series with the fuel gas supply flow path 22 or in parallel. The flow rate and pressure of the fuel gas supplied to the fuel cell 10 are controlled by the fuel gas supply mechanism 23.
The main check valve 24 is provided between the fuel gas tank 21 and the fuel gas supply mechanism 23 in the fuel gas supply passage 22, and controls opening and closing of the fuel gas tank. Normally, the main stop valve 24 is provided in a tank valve connected to the fuel gas tank 21. In addition, the tank valve may be equipped with a shut-off valve or the like.
The fuel gas discharge channel 25 is a pipe connected to the fuel cell 10, and is a channel through which the fuel gas discharged from the fuel cell 10 and water generated by the electrochemical reaction flow. Specifically, one end of the fuel gas discharge channel 25 is connected to the fuel cell 10, and the other end is connected to the oxidizing gas discharge channel 33. The fuel gas and the water discharged from the fuel cell 10 are discharged from the oxidizing gas discharge channel 33 to the outside of the system through the fuel gas discharge channel 25.
The gas/water discharge valve 26 is provided in the fuel gas discharge flow path 25, and controls discharge of the fuel gas and water discharged from the fuel cell 10 to the outside of the system. For example, the gas/water discharge valve 26 is controlled to be opened and closed at the time of discharging the water separated by the gas-liquid separator 27 or at the time of discharging the fuel gas for adjusting the concentration of the fuel gas in the fuel gas pipe section 20. Further, as described later, the opening and closing of the valve is controlled even when the fuel gas is discharged in an emergency.
The gas-liquid separator 27 is provided between the fuel cell 10 and the gas/water discharge valve 26 in the fuel gas discharge flow path 25. The gas-liquid separator 27 separates a gas component (for example, fuel gas) and a liquid component (for example, water) in the fuel off-gas discharged from the fuel cell 10. The separated gas component circulates in the circulation flow path 27. The separated liquid component is discharged together with the gas component. A known gas-liquid separator can be used as the gas-liquid separator 26.
The circulation flow path 28 is a pipe connecting the gas-liquid separator 27 and the fuel gas supply flow path 22 (specifically, the fuel gas supply flow path 22 on the downstream side of the fuel gas supply mechanism 23), and is a flow path for circulating the gas component (circulation gas) separated by the gas-liquid separator 27 to the fuel gas supply flow path 22. The circulation flow path 28 may be provided with a pump or the like as a power for circulating the circulation gas.
< oxidant gas piping portion 30 >
The oxidant gas pipe portion 30 is used to supply oxidant gas to the cathode. The oxidizing gas pipe section 30 includes an oxidizing gas supply passage 31, an oxidizing gas supply mechanism 32, and an oxidizing gas discharge passage 33. Although not shown in fig. 1, the system may include an air cleaner that removes impurities included in the oxidizing gas, an intercooler that controls the temperature of the oxidizing gas, and a humidifier that controls the humidity of the oxidizing gas. The oxidizing gas pipe section 30 may include a member generally provided in the fuel gas pipe section in addition to the above. Here, the oxidant gas is, for example, air.
The oxidizing gas supply channel 31 is a pipe connected to the fuel cell 10, and is a channel through which the oxidizing gas supplied to the fuel cell 10 flows.
The oxidizing gas supply mechanism 32 is provided in the oxidizing gas supply passage 31 and supplies the oxidizing gas to the fuel cell 10. The oxidizing gas supply mechanism 32 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an air compressor.
The oxidizing gas discharge channel 33 is a pipe connected to the fuel cell 10, and is a channel through which the oxidizing gas (oxidizing off gas) discharged from the fuel cell 10 flows. Here, as described above, the oxidizing gas discharge channel 33 is connected to the other end of the fuel gas discharge channel 25 in the middle of the channel. Therefore, the fuel gas and the water discharged from the fuel cell 10 are also discharged from the oxidizing gas discharge channel 33 to the outside of the system through the fuel gas discharge channel 25.
< Cooling water piping part 40 >
The cooling water piping portion 40 is used to cool the fuel cell 10 by means of cooling water. The cooling water piping unit 40 includes a cooling water channel 41, a radiator 42, and a cooling water supply mechanism 43. The cooling water pipe 40 may include a member generally provided in the cooling water pipe in addition to the above.
The cooling water flow path 41 is a pipe for circulating cooling water by connecting the inlet and the outlet of the cooling water flow path of the fuel cell 10. The radiator 42 exchanges heat between the cooling water flowing through the cooling water flow path 41 and the outside air to cool the cooling water. The cooling water supply mechanism 43 is a power of the cooling water circulating through the cooling water flow path 41.
The cooling water flow path 41 is provided with cooling water temperature measuring means T for measuring the temperature of the cooling water on the outlet side of the cooling water flow path of the fuel cell 10. The cooling water discharged from the cooling water flow path of the fuel cell 10 exchanges heat with the fuel cell 10 sufficiently, and has a temperature equal to the temperature of the fuel cell 10. Therefore, by measuring the temperature of the cooling water, the temperature of the fuel cell 10 can be measured. The measurement result of the cooling water temperature measuring means T is sent to the control section 50.
< control part 50 >
The control unit 50 is a computer system including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, an input/output interface, and the like, and controls each unit of the fuel cell system 100.
One feature of the control section 50 is: upon receiving a discharge command of the fuel gas, the exhaust/discharge valve 26, the fuel gas supply mechanism 23, and the main stop valve 24 are controlled to be opened to discharge the fuel gas from the fuel gas tank 21.
The fuel gas discharge command is a command to be issued in an emergency, and is for reducing the amount of fuel gas stored in the fuel gas tank 21 as much as possible. The emergency time refers to a case where an abnormal temperature of the fuel cell 10 is detected, a case where a predetermined amount of cooling water is detected in the fuel cell 10 or the cooling pipe portion 40, a case where the body is damaged, a case where a fire breaks out, or the like. For example, when a predetermined flow rate of cooling water flows through the cooling water flow path 41, the leakage of the cooling water is detected when the rotational torque in the cooling water supply mechanism 43 becomes smaller than a predetermined threshold value. When the control unit detects these facts, or when the operator confirms these facts, a command to discharge the fuel gas is issued.
By providing the above-described features, the fuel cell system 100 can smoothly discharge the fuel gas in an emergency without providing an additional control valve to the fuel gas tank 21. Therefore, according to the fuel cell system 100, it is possible to discharge the fuel gas in an emergency while suppressing complication and increase in cost of the system.
Upon receiving the discharge instruction of the fuel gas, the control portion 50 may control the oxidant gas supply mechanism 32 so as to supply the oxidant gas to the fuel cell 10. Accordingly, since the oxidizing gas flows from the oxidizing gas discharge channel 33 to the outside of the system, the fuel gas can be prevented from flowing back from the oxidizing gas discharge channel 33 to the fuel cell 10 when the fuel gas is discharged. Here, the control of the oxidizing gas supply mechanism 32 is preferably performed before the exhaust gas discharge valve 26, the fuel gas supply mechanism 23, and the main stop valve 24 are opened.
The control unit 50 may control the main check valve 24, the fuel gas supply mechanism 23, and the exhaust discharge valve 26 to be closed when the amount of the fuel gas stored in the fuel gas tank 21 is less than a predetermined threshold value after receiving the discharge command of the fuel gas. This can suppress an unexpected reverse flow and suppress the entry of foreign matters into the fuel gas pipe section 20. Here, the predetermined threshold value is calculated from the distance from the current position to the destination. When a plurality of fuel gas tanks 21 are provided, it is preferable to control the main check valve 24, the fuel gas supply mechanism 23, and the exhaust gas discharge valve 26 to be closed when the fuel gas amount in all of the plurality of fuel gas tanks 21 is less than a predetermined threshold value.
The control unit 50 may control the exhaust discharge valve 26, the fuel gas supply mechanism 23, and the main stop valve 24 to be sequentially opened in this order when receiving a discharge command of the fuel gas, and may control the main stop valve 24, the fuel gas supply mechanism 23, and the exhaust discharge valve 26 to be sequentially closed in this order when the amount of the fuel gas accumulated in the fuel gas tank is less than a predetermined threshold value after receiving the discharge command of the fuel gas. By controlling the order of opening or closing the valves to a predetermined order during the discharge of the fuel gas and the suspension of the fuel gas in this way, it is possible to suppress a pressure increase in the fuel cell 10 and the fuel gas pipe portion 20 (for example, the fuel gas supply flow path 22, the fuel gas discharge flow path 25, and the circulation flow path 28).
Upon receiving the discharge instruction of the fuel gas, the control portion 50 may control the fuel cell system 100 so as to increase the electric power generated by the fuel cell 10. Such control means that the workload of the components equipped in the fuel cell system 100 is increased. For example, the means for increasing the workload is not particularly limited. For example, the operation amounts of the oxidizing gas supply mechanism 32, the cooling water supply mechanism 43, the circulation pump provided in the circulation flow path 28, the radiator 43, and other heaters, air conditioners, etc. (arbitrary components), not shown, may be increased. This can promote the consumption of the fuel gas.
After receiving the command to discharge the fuel gas and after closing the main stop valve 24, the fuel gas supply mechanism 23, and the exhaust discharge valve 26, the control unit 50 may open the main stop valve 24 and the like to perform power generation of the fuel cell 10 again.
The control method of the control unit 50 when the discharge command of the fuel gas is received has been described above. Hereinafter, the control of the control unit 50 will be further described using an example of a processing routine.
One example of a processing routine of the control mechanism 50 is shown in fig. 2. As shown in fig. 2, the control unit 50 includes processes S1 to S7, and the control unit 50 repeats these processes.
In step S1, the control unit 50 determines whether or not a command to discharge the fuel gas is received. When the control unit 50 receives the discharge command of the fuel gas, the process S2 is performed.
In the process S2, the controller 50 operates the oxidizing gas supply mechanism 32 to control the oxidizing gas to flow from the oxidizing gas discharge passage 33 to the outside of the system.
In step S3, the control unit 50 opens the exhaust/discharge valve 26, the fuel gas supply mechanism 23, and the main stop valve 24 to discharge the fuel gas from the fuel gas tank 21. At this time, it is preferable that the exhaust/discharge valve 26, the fuel gas supply mechanism 23, and the main check valve 24 are opened in this order.
In step S4, the control unit 50 controls the fuel cell system 100 so as to increase the power generated by the fuel cell 10.
In step S5, the control unit 50 determines whether or not the amount of the fuel gas stored in the fuel gas tank 21 is less than a predetermined threshold. If the amount of the fuel gas stored in the fuel gas tank 21 is less than a predetermined threshold value, the process S6 is performed.
In step S6, the control unit 50 controls to close the main stop valve 24, the fuel gas supply mechanism 23, and the exhaust/discharge valve 26, and stops the discharge of the fuel gas. In this case, it is preferable to control the main check valve 24, the fuel gas supply mechanism 23, and the exhaust/discharge valve 26 so as to be closed in this order.
The fuel cell system of the present disclosure has been described above using the fuel cell system 100 as an embodiment. The fuel cell system of the present disclosure is preferably used in an aircraft, but may also be used in a vehicle or the like.
Claims (6)
1. A fuel cell system is provided with:
a fuel cell;
a fuel gas tank for storing fuel gas;
a fuel gas supply passage connecting the fuel cell and the fuel gas tank;
a fuel gas supply mechanism provided in the fuel gas supply flow path and configured to supply the fuel gas to the fuel cell;
a main stop valve provided between the fuel gas tank and the fuel gas supply mechanism in the fuel gas supply passage and controlling opening and closing of the fuel gas tank;
a fuel gas discharge flow path connected to the fuel cell;
an exhaust/drain valve provided in the fuel gas discharge flow path and configured to control discharge of the fuel gas discharged from the fuel cell to the outside of the system; and
a control part for controlling the operation of the motor,
the control unit controls the exhaust/discharge valve, the fuel gas supply mechanism, and the main stop valve to be opened to discharge the fuel gas from the fuel gas tank when receiving a discharge command of the fuel gas.
2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1,
the fuel cell system includes:
an oxidizing gas supply passage connected to the fuel cell;
an oxidizing gas supply mechanism provided in the oxidizing gas supply passage and configured to supply an oxidizing gas to the fuel cell; and
an oxidant gas discharge flow path connected to the fuel cell,
one end of the fuel gas discharge channel is connected to the fuel cell, and the other end is connected to the oxidizing gas discharge channel,
the fuel gas discharged from the fuel cell is discharged from the oxidant gas discharge flow path to the outside of the system via the fuel gas discharge flow path,
the control unit controls the oxidizing gas supply mechanism to supply the oxidizing gas to the fuel cell when receiving the discharge command of the fuel gas.
3. The fuel cell system according to claim 1 or 2,
the control unit controls to close the main stop valve, the fuel gas supply mechanism, and the exhaust discharge valve when the amount of the fuel gas stored in the fuel gas tank is lower than a predetermined threshold value after receiving the discharge command of the fuel gas.
4. The fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the control unit controls the exhaust discharge valve, the fuel gas supply mechanism, and the main stop valve to be sequentially opened in this order when receiving the discharge command of the fuel gas, and controls the main stop valve, the fuel gas supply mechanism, and the exhaust discharge valve to be sequentially closed in this order when the amount of the fuel gas stored in the fuel gas tank is less than the predetermined threshold value after receiving the discharge command of the fuel gas.
5. The fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
the control unit controls the fuel cell system so as to increase the electric power generated by the fuel cell upon receiving the discharge command of the fuel gas.
6. An aircraft, wherein the aircraft is provided with a plurality of air ducts,
the aircraft is provided with the fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2021076646A JP7521479B2 (en) | 2021-04-28 | 2021-04-28 | Fuel cell system and aircraft equipped with the fuel cell system |
| JP2021-076646 | 2021-04-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115347214A true CN115347214A (en) | 2022-11-15 |
Family
ID=81308372
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210341717.7A Pending CN115347214A (en) | 2021-04-28 | 2022-04-02 | Fuel cell system and aircraft provided with same |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20220352532A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP4084164A3 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP7521479B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN115347214A (en) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19821952C2 (en) | 1998-05-15 | 2000-07-27 | Dbb Fuel Cell Engines Gmbh | Power supply unit on board an aircraft |
| DE102005010399B4 (en) | 2005-03-07 | 2010-08-05 | Airbus Deutschland Gmbh | Aircraft with a fuel cell emergency system and method for external air independent emergency power supply |
| DE102007001912A1 (en) * | 2007-01-12 | 2008-07-17 | Airbus Deutschland Gmbh | Fuel supply system for a fuel cell system |
| JP2008181768A (en) | 2007-01-25 | 2008-08-07 | Equos Research Co Ltd | Fuel cell system |
| JP5375274B2 (en) | 2009-04-01 | 2013-12-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Hydrogen supply system for fuel cell vehicles |
| JP2011008986A (en) | 2009-06-24 | 2011-01-13 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel cell system |
| US10843808B2 (en) | 2016-11-29 | 2020-11-24 | Insitu, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for cryogenic fuel bayonet transfers |
-
2021
- 2021-04-28 JP JP2021076646A patent/JP7521479B2/en active Active
-
2022
- 2022-04-02 CN CN202210341717.7A patent/CN115347214A/en active Pending
- 2022-04-13 EP EP22168099.4A patent/EP4084164A3/en active Pending
- 2022-04-20 US US17/659,936 patent/US20220352532A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP4084164A2 (en) | 2022-11-02 |
| EP4084164A3 (en) | 2023-06-28 |
| JP2022170492A (en) | 2022-11-10 |
| JP7521479B2 (en) | 2024-07-24 |
| US20220352532A1 (en) | 2022-11-03 |
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