CN115343796B - Fiber grating apodization device and fiber grating apodization method - Google Patents
Fiber grating apodization device and fiber grating apodization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115343796B CN115343796B CN202210978984.5A CN202210978984A CN115343796B CN 115343796 B CN115343796 B CN 115343796B CN 202210978984 A CN202210978984 A CN 202210978984A CN 115343796 B CN115343796 B CN 115343796B
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02057—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
- G02B6/02076—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
- G02B6/02123—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating
- G02B6/02133—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating using beam interference
- G02B6/02138—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating using beam interference based on illuminating a phase mask
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of optical fiber grating inscription, and provides an optical fiber grating apodization device and an optical fiber grating apodization method, wherein the optical fiber grating apodization device comprises: a laser for emitting laser light in a first direction; the optical path mechanism comprises a light splitting assembly and a reflecting assembly, wherein the light splitting assembly comprises a first light splitting sheet and a second light splitting sheet which are arranged at intervals, the reflecting assembly comprises a first reflecting sheet and a second reflecting sheet which are arranged at intervals, laser is divided into first laser along a first direction and second laser along a second direction through the first light splitting sheet, the second direction forms a preset included angle with the first direction, the first laser is respectively reflected to two opposite sides of the second light splitting sheet through the first reflecting sheet and the second laser to form interference beams, and the first laser and the second laser have optical path differences. The fiber grating apodization device does not need a special phase mask when the optical fiber is inscribed, can avoid vibration generated by controlling the movement of the reflecting sheet or the diaphragm by using a motor, saves cost and improves the yield.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of fiber bragg grating inscription, in particular to a fiber bragg grating apodization device and a fiber bragg grating apodization method.
Background
The fiber grating is a fiber device with periodically changing refractive index, which is mainly applied to the fields of fiber lasers, fiber amplifiers, fiber sensing and optical communication, and can reflect or transmit specific wavelengths due to the special distribution of the refractive index, and can replace the traditional resonant cavity and mechanical inscription grating in certain occasions, thereby saving the cost, improving the stability of products and reducing the volume. The refractive index distribution rule of apodization axially meets a certain specific function such as a raised cosine roll-off function, and can inhibit side lobes beside a reflection spectrum, and the apodization fiber grating is already applied to dense wavelength division multiplexing, demultiplexing technology and the like, for example, wavelength selective excitation amplification is effectively carried out in a fiber laser, the side lobes are effectively inhibited, and the conversion rate and the utilization rate of a system are improved, so that the use efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced.
The existing apodization method of the fiber bragg grating mainly comprises the following three steps:
according to the scheme I, the step motor is used for controlling the reflector to move, so that reflected excimer laser moves above the lower mask plate, the movement speed of the motor is controlled to control the exposure time of each point on the optical fiber, and further the refractive index of the inscription grating is controlled to be distributed along the optical fiber, so that a wanted grating period is formed.
In the second scheme, a motor is not needed, and the special apodization phase mask plate is directly used for irradiating the optical fiber, so that the special apodization phase mask plate has the advantages of simplicity and high cost because the special apodization phase mask plate can only be used for manufacturing one grating and is higher in manufacturing cost compared with a uniform mask plate.
Scheme III: similar to the first scheme, the size of the exposure area is controlled by moving the diaphragm, so that apodization is controlled by controlling the difference of exposure time of each point on the mask, and the yield is affected by the influence of motor vibration. Because the writing is performed by controlling the size of the exposure area, when writing the relatively more complex fiber grating, the requirements on the motion function and the control precision of the motor are far greater than those of the scheme one, and the cost is possibly increased due to the additional upgrade of control equipment such as the motor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fiber grating apodization device, a fiber grating apodization device and a fiber grating apodization method, which do not need to use a motor to control a reflecting mirror or a diaphragm to move so as to solve the technical problems of low yield caused by vibration and high cost of the conventional fiber grating apodization device.
An embodiment of a first aspect of the present application proposes a fiber bragg grating apodization device, including:
a laser for emitting laser light in a first direction;
the optical path mechanism comprises a light splitting assembly and a reflecting assembly, wherein the light splitting assembly comprises a first light splitting sheet and a second light splitting sheet which are arranged at intervals, the reflecting assembly comprises a first reflecting sheet and a second reflecting sheet which are arranged at intervals, the laser is divided into a first laser along a first direction and a second laser along a second direction through the first light splitting sheet, the second direction forms a preset included angle with the first direction, the first laser is reflected to the two opposite sides of the second light splitting sheet respectively through the first reflecting sheet and the second laser, interference beams are formed, and the first laser and the second laser have optical path differences;
the writing mechanism comprises diaphragms and phase masks which are arranged in parallel at intervals, wherein the diaphragms are used for selecting one interference fringe in the interference light beams, and the interference light beams vertically enter the diaphragms, the phase masks and the optical fibers in sequence and are used for writing the optical fibers.
In an embodiment, the writing mechanism further comprises a cylindrical mirror arranged between the diaphragm and the phase mask, and the phase mask is located on a focal plane of the cylindrical mirror.
In an embodiment, at least one of the diaphragm and the cylindrical mirror is linearly movable along the direction of incidence of the interference beam.
In an embodiment, the interference beam comprises a first beam extending in the first direction and a second beam extending in the second direction;
the number of the writing mechanisms is two, and the first light beam and the second light beam respectively write the corresponding optical fibers through the corresponding writing mechanisms.
In an embodiment, the fiber bragg grating apodization device further includes an optical test bed, the optical path mechanism is disposed on the optical test bed, and the centers of the first beam splitter, the second beam splitter, the first reflecting plate and the second reflecting plate are located at the same height.
In an embodiment, the fiber bragg grating apodization device further includes a plurality of moving mechanisms disposed on the optical test stand, the first reflecting sheet and the second reflecting sheet are disposed on the corresponding moving mechanisms, and the moving mechanisms are used for driving at least one of the first reflecting sheet and the second reflecting sheet to move along the first direction or the second direction.
In an embodiment, the first light splitting sheet, the second light splitting sheet, the first reflecting sheet and the second reflecting sheet are parallel to each other.
In an embodiment, the first light splitting sheet, the second light splitting sheet, the first reflecting sheet and the second reflecting sheet form an included angle of 45 ° with the first direction.
In one embodiment, the optical path difference between the first laser and the second laser is pi.
The optical path is built in the fiber bragg grating apodization device in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer mode, the regulation rule is simple, laser forms a first laser and a second laser with preset optical path difference through the optical path mechanism, interference occurs when meeting at the second beam splitter to form interference beams, one interference fringe is selected by the interference beams through the diaphragm, the fiber bragg grating can be subjected to one-time writing apodization after passing through a uniform phase mask with low cost, an expensive special phase mask is not needed, and the cost is saved. In the process of inscribing the optical fiber, the positions of the light splitting component and the reflecting component in the optical path mechanism do not need to be changed, so that the inscription process is prevented from being influenced by vibration generated when a motor is used for controlling the reflecting sheet or the diaphragm to move, the yield is improved, and the technical problems of higher cost and low yield of the traditional fiber grating apodization device are effectively solved.
An embodiment of the second aspect of the present application further provides a fiber grating apodization method, which adopts the fiber grating apodization device according to any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, and the fiber grating apodization method includes:
starting a laser and emitting laser light towards a first direction;
the method comprises the steps of adjusting positions of a first light splitting sheet, a second light splitting sheet, a first reflecting sheet and a second reflecting sheet in an optical path mechanism, enabling laser to pass through the first light splitting sheet and be split into first laser along the first direction and second laser along the second direction, enabling the first laser to pass through the first reflecting sheet and the second laser to respectively reflect to two opposite sides of the second light splitting sheet through the second reflecting sheet and form interference beams, and enabling the first laser and the second laser to have optical path differences;
and adjusting the positions of a diaphragm, a phase mask plate and an optical fiber in the writing mechanism to enable the interference light beam to vertically enter the diaphragm, the phase mask plate and the optical fiber in sequence.
The optical path is built by adopting a Mach-Zehnder interferometer mode in the fiber bragg grating apodization method, and the regulation rule is simple. In the process of writing the optical fiber, the positions of the light splitting component and the reflecting component in the optical path mechanism do not need to be changed, so that the writing process is prevented from being influenced by vibration when the component is moved, and the yield is improved; and secondly, an expensive apodization phase mask plate is not required to be purchased, and only a uniform phase mask plate is required, so that the cost is saved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical fiber grating apodization device according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the flare of an interference beam in the fiber grating apodization device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the light intensity distribution of the interference beam in the fiber grating apodization device of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the spot of an interference beam after the reflective element moves in the fiber grating apodization device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the light intensity distribution of the interference beam after the reflecting component moves in the fiber grating apodization device shown in FIG. 2;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a fiber grating apodization method according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application.
The meaning of the labels in the figures is:
100. fiber bragg grating apodization device;
10. a laser; 11. laser; 111. a first laser; 112. a second laser; 113. interference light beams; 1131. a first light beam; 1132. a second light beam;
21. a first beam splitter; 22. a second light splitting sheet; 23. a first reflection sheet; 24. a second reflection sheet;
31. a diaphragm; 32. a phase mask; 33. a cylindrical mirror;
200. an optical fiber.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the present application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
It should be appreciated that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element in question must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In this application, unless specifically stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
An embodiment of a first aspect of the present application provides an optical fiber grating apodization device for inscribing an optical fiber and apodizing an optical fiber grating.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the fiber grating apodization device 100 includes a laser 10, an optical path mechanism and a writing mechanism.
The laser 10 is configured to emit laser light 11 in a first direction (X direction in the drawing). It will be appreciated that a beam expander (not shown) may be further disposed on the optical path of the laser 11, for expanding the single laser beam 11 emitted by the laser 10 into a laser beam.
The optical path mechanism comprises a light splitting assembly and a reflecting assembly, the light splitting assembly comprises a first light splitting sheet 21 and a second light splitting sheet 22 which are arranged at intervals, the reflecting assembly comprises a first reflecting sheet 23 and a second reflecting sheet 24 which are arranged at intervals, the laser 11 is divided into a first laser 111 along a first direction and a second laser 112 along a second direction (Y direction in the drawing) through the first light splitting sheet 21, the first laser 111 and the second laser 112 are light of the same light source, the two beams intersect, the second direction forms a preset included angle with the first direction, the first laser 111 is respectively reflected to the opposite sides of the second light splitting sheet 22 through the first reflecting sheet 23 and the second reflecting sheet 24 and forms an interference light beam 113, namely the first light splitting sheet 21, the second light splitting sheet 22, the first reflecting sheet 23 and the second reflecting sheet 24 are combined together into a pattern of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer so as to provide the interference light beam 113.
The first laser 111 and the second laser 112 have optical path differences, that is, when the optical path differences of the first laser 111 and the second laser 112 reach the second dichroic mirror 22 respectively, they satisfy certain conditions, so that interference fringes can be formed, and specifically, see fig. 2 and 3. It can be understood that when the positions of the beam splitting component and the emission component in the optical path mechanism are not changed, the optical path difference between the first laser 111 and the second laser 112 is constant, so that no equipment such as a stepper motor is needed to move in the process of writing the optical fiber 200, which is quite beneficial to manufacturing the optical fiber grating with the vibration as small as possible, and the yield can be improved.
The first beam splitter 21 is a half-transmissive and half-reflective sheet, that is, the first laser 111 is refractive light, and the second laser 112 is reflective light, and the intensities thereof are the same. In addition, the first reflecting sheet 23 and the second reflecting sheet 24 are all total reflecting mirrors and are used for changing the propagation directions of the first laser light 111 and the second laser light 112, respectively, the propagation direction of the first laser light 111 becomes the second direction after passing through the first reflecting sheet 23, and the propagation direction of the second laser light 112 becomes the first direction after passing through the second reflecting sheet 24, so that the first laser light 111 and the second laser light 112 can be obliquely incident on opposite sides of the second light splitting sheet 22.
The writing mechanism comprises a diaphragm 31 and a phase mask plate 32 which are arranged in parallel and at intervals, the interference light beam 113 sequentially vertically enters the diaphragm 31, the phase mask plate 32 and the optical fiber 200 and is used for writing the optical fiber 200, so that when the interference light beam 113 writes the optical fiber 200 along the direction perpendicular to the optical fiber 200, the light intensity is relatively uniform, and the yield of manufacturing the optical fiber grating can be improved. The diaphragm 31 is used for selecting one interference fringe in the interference beam 113, the phase mask 32 can select a uniform phase mask 32 with low cost, and expensive apodization phase mask 32 is not needed, so that the cost is saved. The optical fiber 200 is required to finish hydrogen loading and coating stripping in advance and fix it on the optical fiber fixture.
The optical path is built in the fiber grating apodization device 100 by adopting a mach-zehnder interferometer mode, the adjustment rule is simple, the laser 11 forms the first laser 111 and the second laser 112 with preset optical path differences through the optical path mechanism, and interferes when meeting at the second beam splitter 22 to form the interference beam 113, the interference beam 113 is selected by the diaphragm 31 to form one interference fringe, and the fiber grating can be subjected to one-time writing apodization after passing through the uniform phase mask 32 with low cost, without using an expensive special phase mask, so that the cost is saved. Because the positions of the beam splitting component and the reflecting component in the optical path mechanism do not need to be changed in the process of inscribing the optical fiber 200, the inscribing process can be prevented from being influenced by vibration generated when a motor is used for controlling the reflecting sheet or the diaphragm to move, and the yield is improved, so that the technical problems of higher cost and low yield of the conventional fiber grating apodizing device 100 are effectively solved.
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present application, the writing mechanism further includes a cylindrical mirror 33 disposed between the diaphragm 31 and the phase mask 32, and the phase mask 32 is located on a focal plane of the cylindrical mirror 33. In this way, the interference fringes passing through the diaphragm 31 in the interference beam 113 can be converged onto the doped optical fiber 200 through the cylindrical mirror 33, so that the optical fiber 200 can be inscribed, and the inscription accuracy can be improved.
Specifically, the number of the cylindrical mirrors 33 is two, and both cylindrical mirrors 33 are convex toward the optical fiber 200, so that after the interference beam 113 passes through the cylindrical mirrors 33, the interference angle of the interference beam 113 may continuously change along the axial direction of the optical fiber 200, thereby causing the refractive index of the optical fiber 200 to periodically change gradually along the axial direction.
In one embodiment of the present application, at least one of the diaphragm 31 and the cylindrical mirror 33 may be linearly moved in the incident direction of the interference beam 113, so that the relative distance between the optical fiber 200 and at least one of the diaphragm 31 and the cylindrical mirror 33 is adjusted, i.e., the relative distance between the diaphragm 31 and the optical fiber 200 and between the cylindrical mirror 33 and the optical fiber 200 may be increased or decreased by the adjustment. In this way, the beam expansion can be performed by selecting appropriate interference light intensity and width, so as to adapt to different types of optical fibers 200 and grating lengths required to be inscribed by customers, and improve the compatibility of the whole fiber grating apodization device 100.
It will be appreciated that both the diaphragm 31 and the cylindrical mirror 33 may be provided on a precision displacement stage, either manually or computer controlled, to adjust the position of either the diaphragm 31 or the cylindrical mirror 33.
Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment of the present application, the interference beam 113 includes a first beam 1131 and a second beam 1132, where the first beam 1131 extends along a first direction, and the second beam 1132 extends along a second direction, that is, the interference beam 113 can be transmitted in two directions under the action of the second beam splitter 22. It is understood that the first light beam 1131 is formed by the reflected light of the first laser light 111 and the refracted light of the second laser light 112 on one side of the second light beam splitter 22, and the second light beam 1132 is formed by the refracted light of the first laser light 111 and the reflected light of the second laser light 112 on the other side of the second light splitter 22.
The number of the writing mechanisms is two, and the first light beam 1131 and the second light beam 1132 respectively write the corresponding optical fibers 200 through the corresponding writing mechanisms, so that the fiber grating apodization device 100 can write the two optical fibers 200 at the same time, thereby improving the yield and compressing the production cost.
It will be appreciated that the interference beam 113 may extend only in the first direction or the second direction and write the optical fiber 200 by a corresponding writing mechanism, which is not limited herein.
In one embodiment of the present application, the fiber grating apodization device 100 further includes an optical test bed (not shown), the optical path mechanism is disposed on the optical test bed, and the centers of the first beam splitter 21, the second beam splitter 22, the first reflector 23 and the second reflector 24 are located at the same height. Therefore, the adjustment method of the optical path mechanism built based on the Mach-Zehnder interferometer mode is mature, the adjustment rule is good, the adjustment time of an operator can be saved, and the efficiency is improved; in addition, the centers of the first beam splitter 21, the second beam splitter 22, the first reflecting plate 23 and the second reflecting plate 24 are located at the same height, so that the propagation of the first laser 111 and the second laser 112 in the respective light paths can be guaranteed to be parallel to the table top of the optical test table, the position of the reflecting assembly can be conveniently adjusted to guarantee that the optical path difference of the first laser 111 and the second laser 112 meets a certain condition, and the accuracy of the optical path difference of the first laser 111 and the second laser 112 can be improved.
It will be appreciated that after the optical path mechanism on the optical test bench is adjusted, the interference beam 113 for writing the optical fiber 200 is relatively stable, and the writing mechanism does not need to be disposed on the optical test bench, so that the occupation of the area of the optical test bench can be reduced.
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present application, a first light splitting sheet 21, a second light splitting sheet 22, a first reflecting sheet 23 and a second reflecting sheet 24 are parallel to each other.
Specifically, the first light splitting sheet 21, the second light splitting sheet 22, the first reflecting sheet 23 and the second reflecting sheet 24 form an included angle of 45 degrees with the first direction, the visibility of interference fringes is maximum, the angle is easy to adjust, and the adjustment process of the light path mechanism can be simplified. It can be understood that the propagation directions of the first laser light 111 and the second laser light 112 obtained after passing through the first beam splitter 21 are perpendicular before reaching the reflecting component.
Thus, when there are two optical fibers 200 to be inscribed, in order to ensure consistency of the inscribing process of the two optical fibers 200, the extending directions of the two optical fibers 200 are perpendicular, and the extending directions of the cylindrical mirrors 33 of the two inscribing mechanisms are also perpendicular.
In one embodiment of the present application, the optical path difference between the first laser 111 and the second laser 112 is pi, and the interference fringes are most obvious, so that the optimal interference fringes can be formed. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments of the present application, the optical path difference between the first laser 111 and the second laser 112 may be other values, which are not limited herein.
In order to change the width intensity distribution of the interference fringes to adapt to the writing requirements of different types of optical fibers 200, the position of the first reflecting sheet 23 or the second reflecting sheet 24 can be adjusted. Referring to fig. 4 and 5, after adjusting the position of the first reflective sheet 23 or the second reflective sheet 24, the spot schematic diagram and the spot intensity distribution schematic diagram of the interference beam 113 are shown. It is understood that the interference fringe period, and thus the light intensity distribution, can be changed after adjusting the position of the first reflective sheet 23 or the second reflective sheet 24, as compared with fig. 2 and 3.
Specifically, in one embodiment of the present application, the fiber bragg grating apodization device 100 further includes a plurality of moving mechanisms disposed on the optical test bed, and the first reflective sheet 23 and the second reflective sheet 24 are disposed on the corresponding moving mechanisms, and the moving mechanisms are configured to drive at least one of the first reflective sheet 23 and the second reflective sheet 24 to move along the first direction or the second direction. In this way, the interference fringe period and the energy distribution can be changed by changing the distance between the first reflective sheet 23 and the second reflective sheet 24, so that complex motor motion functions required for scanning apodization in the past can be avoided when new products are developed, and the complex motor motion functions mean that formula derivation and control difficulties are increased, thereby reducing development cost.
It is understood that the moving mechanism is an optical base movably disposed on the optical test stand, and can be connected to the optical test stand by a screw.
The optical path is built by adopting a mach-zehnder interferometer mode in the fiber grating apodization device 100, and the adjustment rule is simple, so that the laser 11 forms a first laser 111 and a second laser 112 with preset optical path differences through an optical path mechanism, and interferes when meeting at the second beam splitter 22 to form an interference beam 113, one interference fringe of the interference beam 113 is selected by the diaphragm 31, and the one-time writing apodization fiber grating can be performed after passing through the uniform phase mask 32 with low cost. Because the positions of the light splitting component and the reflecting component in the light path mechanism do not need to be changed in the process of inscribing the optical fiber 200, vibration generated when a motor is used for controlling the reflecting sheet or the diaphragm to move can be prevented from influencing the inscribing process, and the yield is improved; secondly, the expensive apodization phase mask plate 32 is not required to be purchased, and only the uniform phase mask plate 32 is required, so that the cost is saved; in addition, the fiber grating apodization device 100 can write two optical fibers 200 at the same time, thereby improving the yield.
An embodiment of the second aspect of the present application further provides a fiber grating apodization method, which adopts the fiber grating apodization device 100 as in any embodiment of the first aspect, referring to fig. 6, the fiber grating apodization method includes:
s1, the laser 10 is started and emits the laser light 11 in the first direction.
S2, the positions of the first light splitting sheet 21, the second light splitting sheet 22, the first reflecting sheet 23 and the second reflecting sheet 24 in the light path mechanism are adjusted, so that the laser 11 is split into a first laser 111 along a first direction and a second laser 112 along a second direction through the first light splitting sheet 21, a preset included angle is formed between the second direction and the first direction, the first laser 111 is reflected to two opposite sides of the second light splitting sheet 22 through the first reflecting sheet 23 and the second laser 112 through the second reflecting sheet 24 respectively, interference light beams 113 are formed, and the first laser 111 and the second laser 112 have optical path differences.
Wherein, the optical path mechanism is adjusted based on the setting mode of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, so that the centers of the first light-splitting sheet 21, the second light-splitting sheet 22, the first reflecting sheet 23 and the second reflecting sheet 24 are positioned on the same horizontal plane; the first light splitting sheet 21, the second light splitting sheet 22, the first reflecting sheet 23, and the second reflecting sheet 24 are parallel to each other.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first beam splitter 21, the second beam splitter 22, the first reflecting sheet 23 and the second reflecting sheet 24 form an angle of 45 ° with the first direction.
S3, adjusting the positions of the diaphragm 31, the phase mask 32 and the optical fiber 200 in the writing mechanism, so that the interference light beam 113 is vertically incident to the diaphragm 31, the phase mask 32 and the optical fiber 200 in sequence.
Specifically, the diaphragm 31 and the phase mask 32 are arranged in parallel and at an interval.
It will be appreciated that when the requirements of the inscribed optical fiber 200 change, the position of the first reflective sheet 23 or the second reflective sheet 24 can be adjusted to change the width intensity distribution of the interference fringes; when the requirement of the optical fiber 200 to be inscribed is unchanged, only the optical fiber 200 to be inscribed needs to be replaced.
The optical path is built by adopting a Mach-Zehnder interferometer mode in the fiber bragg grating apodization method, and the regulation rule is simple. Because the positions of the light splitting component and the reflecting component in the light path mechanism do not need to be changed in the process of inscribing the optical fiber 200, the inscription process can be prevented from being influenced by vibration when moving components, and the yield is improved; second, the expensive apodization phase mask is not required to be purchased, only the uniform phase mask 32 is required, and the cost is saved.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and are not limiting; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An optical fiber grating apodization device, comprising:
a laser for emitting laser light in a first direction;
the optical path mechanism comprises a light splitting assembly and a reflecting assembly, wherein the light splitting assembly comprises a first light splitting sheet and a second light splitting sheet which are arranged at intervals, the reflecting assembly comprises a first reflecting sheet and a second reflecting sheet which are arranged at intervals, the laser is divided into a first laser along a first direction and a second laser along a second direction through the first light splitting sheet, the second direction forms a preset included angle with the first direction, the first laser is reflected to the two opposite sides of the second light splitting sheet respectively through the first reflecting sheet and the second laser, interference beams are formed, and the first laser and the second laser have optical path differences;
the writing mechanism comprises diaphragms and phase masks which are arranged in parallel at intervals, wherein the diaphragms are used for selecting one interference fringe in the interference light beams, and the interference light beams vertically enter the diaphragms, the phase masks and the optical fibers in sequence and are used for writing the optical fibers.
2. The fiber grating apodization device of claim 1 wherein the writing mechanism further comprises a cylindrical mirror disposed between the diaphragm and the phase mask, the phase mask being located on a focal plane of the cylindrical mirror.
3. The fiber grating apodization device of claim 2 wherein at least one of the diaphragm and the cylindrical mirror is linearly movable along the direction of incidence of the interference beam.
4. The fiber grating apodization device of claim 2, wherein the interference beam comprises a first beam extending in the first direction and a second beam extending in the second direction;
the number of the writing mechanisms is two, and the first light beam and the second light beam respectively write the corresponding optical fibers through the corresponding writing mechanisms.
5. The fiber grating apodization device of any of claims 1-4, further comprising an optical test bed, wherein the optical path mechanism is disposed on the optical test bed, and wherein the centers of the first beam splitter, the second beam splitter, the first reflector and the second reflector are at the same height.
6. The fiber grating apodization device of claim 5 further comprising a plurality of moving mechanisms disposed on the optical test bed, the first and second reflective sheets being disposed on the corresponding moving mechanisms, the moving mechanisms being configured to drive at least one of the first and second reflective sheets to move in the first or second direction.
7. The fiber grating apodization device according to any of claims 1-4, wherein the first beam splitter, the second beam splitter, the first reflector and the second reflector are parallel to each other.
8. The fiber grating apodization device of claim 7 wherein the first beam splitter, the second beam splitter, the first reflector and the second reflector each form an angle of 45 ° with the first direction.
9. The fiber grating apodization device according to any of claims 1-4 wherein the optical path difference between the first laser and the second laser is pi.
10. A fiber grating apodization method, characterized in that a fiber grating apodization device according to any of claims 1-9 is used, the fiber grating apodization method comprising:
starting a laser and emitting laser light towards a first direction;
the method comprises the steps of adjusting positions of a first light splitting sheet, a second light splitting sheet, a first reflecting sheet and a second reflecting sheet in an optical path mechanism, enabling laser to pass through the first light splitting sheet and be split into first laser along the first direction and second laser along the second direction, enabling the first laser to pass through the first reflecting sheet and the second laser to respectively reflect to two opposite sides of the second light splitting sheet through the second reflecting sheet and form interference beams, and enabling the first laser and the second laser to have optical path differences;
and adjusting the positions of a diaphragm, a phase mask plate and an optical fiber in the writing mechanism to enable the interference light beam to vertically enter the diaphragm, the phase mask plate and the optical fiber in sequence.
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