CN115342154A - Method for acquiring axial load of mounting point on rear shock absorber of vehicle - Google Patents
Method for acquiring axial load of mounting point on rear shock absorber of vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN115342154A CN115342154A CN202210979376.6A CN202210979376A CN115342154A CN 115342154 A CN115342154 A CN 115342154A CN 202210979376 A CN202210979376 A CN 202210979376A CN 115342154 A CN115342154 A CN 115342154A
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- shock absorber
- rear shock
- piston rod
- load
- buffer block
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/3207—Constructional features
- F16F9/3221—Constructional features of piston rods
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/3207—Constructional features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for acquiring axial load of an upper mounting point of a rear shock absorber of a vehicle. The invention increases the load of the buffer block in the load of the rear shock absorber, and has the advantages of more comprehensiveness and higher accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a method for acquiring axial loads of an installation point on a rear shock absorber of a vehicle.
Background
The non-spring type rear shock absorber containing the buffer block is an important component of a torsion beam type semi-independent rear suspension and comprises a sliding column, a piston rod, the buffer block and an upper mounting support. The lower end of the torsion beam is connected with the longitudinal arm of the torsion beam through the lifting lug, and the upper end of the torsion beam is connected with the vehicle body through the mounting support (with the buffer block), so that the vibration transmitted to the vehicle body from the road surface is attenuated. The axial load of the upper mounting support has important significance on development of a load spectrum of a test of the rear shock absorber rack, analysis of the strength and the fatigue life of a vehicle body and establishment of a load decomposition model of the rear shock absorber. The upper mounting point of the rear shock absorber is generally arranged on a rear wheel cover or a rear beam of a vehicle body, and the conventional similar method for acquiring the axial load is as follows:
(1) Establishing a rear suspension multi-body model, inputting a rear wheel load, and extracting a static or dynamic axial load of an installation point on a rear shock absorber through kinematic simulation calculation and load decomposition.
According to the method, modeling simulation calculation is needed, the buffer block in the rear shock absorber belongs to a nonlinear element, difficulties exist in the modeling process, the precision is low, and the result still needs to be compared and optimized through actual test load.
(2) And (3) sticking a strain gauge axially along the wall of the rear shock absorber sliding column to form a Wheatstone full bridge, and acquiring the tension-compression strain uE. The relation F = F (uE) of the damping force and the strain of the shock absorber is calibrated through the actuator, strain uE is collected in the testing process, and the damping force F when the shock absorber is stretched or compressed is obtained through conversion.
According to the method, the strain gauge is adhered to the lower end of the cylinder wall of the rear shock absorber sliding column, the tension and compression deformation amount of the strain gauge is small, the strain fluctuation is small, the temperature of the cylinder wall is high, the strain is easy to drift, and the calibration error is relatively large. In the calibration process of the method, the nonlinear element of the buffer block is considered, and when the actuator is compressed, the oil seal ring at the upper end of the cylinder wall of the shock absorber cannot be in contact with the buffer block of the upper mounting support generally, namely, the buffer block has no tangible variable and is not in accordance with the test working condition of the vehicle. The method is used for obtaining the damping force of the shock absorber, and is not used for obtaining the axial load of the upper mounting point.
(3) And calibrating the relation F = F (v) of the damping force and the speed when the shock absorber is stretched or compressed through a cylinder type shock absorber performance platform. And displacement sensors are coaxially arranged along the rear shock absorber, the displacement s is collected in the actual test process, and the displacement s is converted into the velocity v through differentiation, so that the damping force F when the shock absorber is stretched or compressed is obtained.
The shock absorber in the method does not contain the buffer block, and the buffer block is not considered in the calibration process. The method is used for obtaining the damping force of the shock absorber, and is not used for obtaining the axial load of an upper mounting point.
(4) And a strain gauge is axially adhered to the piston rod of the rear shock absorber to form a Wheatstone full bridge, so that the tensile and compressive strain uE of the piston rod is obtained. The relation F = F (uE) between the piston rod tension and pressure and the strain is calibrated through an actuator, strain uE is collected in the testing process, and the shock absorber tension and pressure load is obtained through conversion. The method only acquires the load of the shock absorber and does not acquire the load of the upper mounting point.
Therefore, a method for acquiring axial load of a mounting point on a non-spring type rear shock absorber containing a buffer block is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for acquiring axial loads of a mounting point on a rear shock absorber of a vehicle. The invention increases the load of the buffer block in the load of the rear shock absorber, and has the advantages of more comprehensiveness and higher accuracy.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for obtaining axial loads of an upper mounting point of a rear shock absorber of a vehicle comprises the steps of converting rear shock absorber piston rod strain calibration into piston rod loads, obtaining buffer block loads by combining rear shock absorber displacement and buffer block characteristic curves, and combining the piston rod loads and the buffer block loads to serve as the axial loads of the upper mounting point of the shock absorber.
The method for acquiring the axial load of the mounting point on the rear shock absorber of the vehicle comprises the following steps:
(1) The upper mounting support and the buffer block are detached from the rear shock absorber, a circle of circular arc-shaped groove is processed on the upper end face of a piston rod of the rear shock absorber, and a rectangular groove is processed on a threaded rod at the upper end;
(2) T-shaped strain gauges are symmetrically arranged on the arc-shaped groove to form a Wheatstone full-bridge circuit;
(3) Mounting the rear shock absorber without the buffer block on a shock absorber performance test bed, connecting the Wheatstone full-bridge circuit to a strain acquisition instrument, and obtaining the relationship between the force of the piston rod and the strain after the test;
(4) Placing the buffer block on a tension-compression testing machine for a compression test to obtain a characteristic curve of the buffer block;
(5) The rear shock absorber is combined and restored and is installed on a rear suspension of the vehicle; a displacement sensor is arranged at the position of the rear shock absorber close to the lower end lifting lug along the axis of the rear shock absorber;
(6) After the balance weight is fully loaded, acquiring the strain of a piston rod of the rear shock absorber and the stroke variation of the rear shock absorber according to the working condition of a test field to obtain a displacement signal;
(7) Processing the collected displacement signal to obtain the strain of the piston rod and the compression displacement of the buffer block;
(8) Calibrating the piston rod strain processed in the step (7) and the piston rod strain of the rear shock absorber obtained in the step (3) to obtain piston rod load;
(9) Measuring by a rear shock absorber displacement sensor, and calculating by combining the buffer block compression displacement obtained in the step (7) and the buffer block characteristic curve obtained in the step (4) to obtain the buffer block load;
(10) And combining the load of the piston rod and the load of the buffer block to obtain the axial load of the upper mounting point of the rear shock absorber.
In the method for acquiring the axial load of the mounting point on the rear shock absorber of the vehicle, in the step (1), the arc-shaped groove is located at the position 5-7mm below the upper end face of the piston rod, the depth of the arc-shaped groove is 1.5-2mm, and the length of the arc-shaped groove in the axial direction of the piston rod is 12-15mm.
In the method for acquiring the axial load of the mounting point on the rear shock absorber of the vehicle, in the step (1), the width of the rectangular groove 301 is 1-2mm, and the depth is 1-1.5mm.
In the aforementioned method for acquiring axial load of a mounting point on a rear shock absorber of a vehicle, in step (7), the processing includes the following steps:
7.1, processing signals of drift and burr;
7.2, low-pass filtering the displacement signal at the frequency of 50 Hz;
7.3, defining signal polarity, and enabling the stress load to be positive when the piston rod and the buffer block are pressed;
7.4, according to the calibration data and the polarity definition in the step 7.3, when a compressive load is applied, the strain signal is negative, the piston rod is in a compression state at the moment, and the strain signal of the piston rod is multiplied by-1 to obtain the strain consistent with the signal polarity definition;
7.5, according to the motion mode of the rear shock absorber, converting the displacement change of the rear shock absorber into the compression displacement of the buffer block.
Compared with the prior art, the invention converts the strain calibration of the piston rod of the rear shock absorber into the load of the piston rod, obtains the load of the buffer block by combining the displacement of the rear shock absorber and the characteristic curve of the buffer block, and combines the load of the piston rod and the load of the buffer block as the axial load of the mounting point on the shock absorber. According to the invention, the buffer block load is obtained by utilizing the characteristic curve of the buffer block and combining the stroke change of the rear shock absorber, so that the axial load of the mounting point on the rear shock absorber comprehensively considers the effect of the buffer block, and the load of the piston rod of the rear shock absorber and the load of the buffer block are combined, so that the buffer block load is increased in the load of the rear shock absorber, and the advantages of more comprehensiveness and higher accuracy are achieved. In addition, the circular arc-shaped groove and the rectangular groove of the piston rod are arranged, so that the patch and the strain bridge circuit can be conveniently arranged. The invention provides data support for rack load spectrum and vehicle body fatigue development.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a rear shock absorber assembly;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a piston rod with a circular arc-shaped groove;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a piston rod machining rectangular groove;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a T-shaped strain gage arrangement;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a force-strain calibration relationship for a piston rod;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a force-compression displacement characteristic of a bump stop;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a displacement sensor arrangement;
FIG. 9 is a schematic rear shock absorber travel;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of buffer block compression displacement;
FIG. 11 is a schematic piston rod load diagram;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a bump stop load;
FIG. 13 is a schematic illustration of the rear upper mounting point axial load.
Reference numerals:
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Example 1: a method for obtaining axial loads of an upper mounting point of a rear shock absorber of a vehicle comprises the steps of converting rear shock absorber piston rod strain calibration into piston rod loads, obtaining buffer block loads by combining rear shock absorber displacement and buffer block characteristic curves, and combining the piston rod loads and the buffer block loads to serve as the axial loads of the upper mounting point of the shock absorber.
Example 2: a method for acquiring axial loads of a mounting point on a rear shock absorber of a vehicle is disclosed, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Disassembling the rear shock absorber: the non-spring rear shock absorber assembly with the buffer block comprises a lower lifting lug 1, a sliding column 2, a piston rod 3, the buffer block and an upper mounting support 5, as shown in figures 1 and 2, wherein the upper mounting support 5 is fixed on a wheel cover or a crossbeam of a vehicle body through bolts. The lower lifting lug 1, the sliding column 2 and the piston rod 3 are disassembled and separated from the rear shock absorber assembly as a whole for machining.
Machining a rear shock absorber: the piston rod 3 is machined as required in fig. 3 and 4. The machining part comprises an upper end plane 302 of the piston rod 3, a lower arc-shaped groove 300 and an upper end threaded rod rectangular groove 301.
(1) The arc-shaped groove 300 is generally machined at the position 5-7mm below the plane 302, the diameter of the piston rod 3 is reduced by 3-4mm, namely the depth of the arc-shaped groove is 1.5-2mm; the length of the arc-shaped groove along the axial direction of the piston rod is 12-15mm.
(2) The rectangular groove 301 generally has a width of 1 to 2mm and a depth of 1 to 1.5mm.
(2) Pasting a strain gauge on the rear shock absorber: 2T-shaped 350-omega strain gauges are stuck to the symmetrical positions of the surface of the arc-shaped groove 300 according to the requirement of FIG. 5, wherein one strain gauge is marked by 31 and 32, the other strain gauge is marked by 33 and 34, a bridge circuit is arranged according to a Wheatstone full bridge, and the bridge arm coefficient is 4. The strain harness is arranged along the rectangular groove 301.
(3) Strain-force calibration: mounting a lower lifting lug 1 of a rear shock absorber, which is adhered with a strain gauge, a sliding column 2 and a piston rod 3 on a shock absorber performance table through a rear shock absorber clamp, carrying out frequency sweep according to 11-20Hz, collecting output force and strain of the table in a calibration process, obtaining a relation F = F (uE) of strain and force, applying positive tension, and enabling the strain to be positive, specifically as shown in FIG. 6, wherein the relation is y =14.645x.
(4) Obtaining a buffer block characteristic curve: placing the buffer block on a tension-compression testing machine for compression test, applying positive pressure, the maximum pressure being 15KN, and the compression displacement being positive to obtain the relation between the force and the compression displacement in the compression process of the buffer block, namely the characteristic curve of the buffer block, specifically as shown in FIG. 7, the relation is y =0.5066x 3 -12.562x 2 +131.75x。
(5) The shock absorber after recovering: and restoring and assembling the calibrated lower lifting lug 1 of the rear shock absorber, the sliding column 2, the piston rod 3, the decomposed buffer block and the upper mounting support 5 to a state before disassembly.
(6) Arranging a displacement sensor: after the rear shock absorber is restored, the displacement sensor 20 is mounted to the rear shock absorber. And a stay wire displacement sensor 20 is arranged at the lower part of the rear shock absorber strut near the lower lifting lug 1, and a stay wire 201 is arranged along the axial direction of the shock absorber, and particularly refer to fig. 8.
(7) Signal acquisition: and after the strain collector is installed and the wire harness is arranged and the balance weight is fully loaded, the strain of the piston rod and the stroke variation of the rear shock absorber are collected according to the working condition of a test field. When the vehicle is static, recording the distance from the plane of the oil seal ring of the shock absorber to the lower end of the buffer block and the signals of the stay wire displacement sensor in a flat ground state when the vehicle is fully loaded, wherein the distances are respectively 19.5mm and 280.9mm.
(8) And (3) signal checking processing: and (3) checking and processing the acquired signals, such as drifting, burr, low-pass filtering, polarity, displacement zero position and the like, so as to obtain the strain of the piston rod and the compression displacement of the buffer block. The method comprises the following specific steps:
7.1 processing signals such as drift, burrs and the like.
7.2 the displacement signal is low-pass filtered at a frequency of 50 Hz.
7.3 defines the signal polarity: the load is positive upwards, namely when the piston rod and the buffer block are pressed, the stress load is positive.
7.4 piston rod Strain: according to the calibration data and the polarity definition, when a compressive load is applied, the strain is negative, the piston rod is in a compression state, the load is positive, and therefore the strain signal of the piston rod needs to be multiplied by minus 1 to obtain the strain consistent with the polarity definition.
7.5 buffer block compression displacement: according to the motion characteristics of the rear shock absorber, the displacement change of the rear shock absorber is converted into the compression displacement of the buffer block, and the method is divided into 4 steps:
(a) Setting a zero position according to the rear shock absorber full load displacement signal obtained when the vehicle is standing on the flat ground in the step (7), namely setting 280.9mm as the zero position, as shown in fig. 9.
(b) According to the characteristics of the stay wire displacement sensor, the displacement signal is positive, the rear shock absorber is in an extension state, the buffer block is not in contact with the plane of the oil seal ring of the rear shock absorber, namely the buffer block is not compressed, and the load is 0, so that the signal on the zero position of the displacement signal processed in the step (a) needs to be reset to zero.
(c) According to the principle of (b), the buffer block still needs to be biased to move up by 19.5mm to be contacted with the buffer block, and the zero position is the zero position of the compression displacement of the buffer block. When the zero position is positive, the buffer block is not in contact with the plane of the oil seal ring of the rear shock absorber, so that the signal at the zero position needs to be reset to zero again, and the signal at the zero position is the compression displacement of the buffer block, which can be referred to fig. 10.
(d) According to the definition of the calibration data and the polarity, when the buffer block is subjected to the compressive load, the displacement signal is negative, and the load is a positive value at the moment, so that the buffer block compression displacement signal processed in the step (c) needs to be multiplied by '-1' to obtain the positive buffer block compression displacement.
(10) Piston rod load: and (4) converting the strain of the piston rod into the load of the piston rod according to the strain signal of the piston rod obtained in the step (9) and the force-strain relation calibrated in the step (4), as shown in fig. 11.
(1) Buffer block load: and (5) converting the compression displacement of the buffer block into the load of the buffer block according to the compression displacement of the buffer block obtained in the step (9) and the characteristic curve of the buffer block obtained in the step (5), as shown in figure 12.
(11) Axial load of upper mounting point: combining the loads of both (10) and (11) to obtain the axial load of the mounting point on the rear shock absorber, as shown in FIG. 13. The axial load of the upper mounting point of each working condition is shown in the table 1.
TABLE 1
By the method, the non-spring type rear upper mounting point axial load containing the buffer block can be accurately obtained, and the method is as follows.
(1) The axial maximum load of the upper mounting point is generally generated when the buffer block is compressed and is mainly provided by the load of the buffer block. When the load of the buffer block is maximum, the load of the piston rod is generally not large in the process that the post-deactivation plug rod is converted from a compression state to a tension state.
(2) The axial minimum load of the upper mounting point is generally generated when the piston rod is stretched, the piston rod is mainly used for providing the axial minimum load, and the buffer block is not compressed and does not generate load.
In conclusion, the invention converts the strain calibration of the piston rod of the rear shock absorber into the load of the piston rod, obtains the load of the buffer block by combining the displacement of the rear shock absorber and the characteristic curve of the buffer block, and combines the load of the piston rod and the load of the buffer block as the axial load of the mounting point on the shock absorber. According to the invention, the buffer block load is obtained by utilizing the characteristic curve of the buffer block and combining the stroke change of the rear shock absorber, so that the axial load of the mounting point on the rear shock absorber comprehensively considers the effect of the buffer block, and the load of the piston rod of the rear shock absorber and the load of the buffer block are combined, so that the buffer block load is increased in the load of the rear shock absorber, and the method has the advantages of more comprehensiveness and higher accuracy. In addition, the circular arc-shaped groove and the rectangular groove of the piston rod are arranged, so that the patch and the strain bridge circuit can be conveniently arranged. The invention provides data support for rack load spectrum and vehicle body fatigue development.
Claims (5)
1. A method of obtaining an axial load at a mounting point on a rear shock absorber of a vehicle, the method comprising: and converting the strain calibration of the piston rod of the rear shock absorber into piston rod load, combining the displacement of the rear shock absorber with a characteristic curve of a buffer block to obtain the load of the buffer block, and combining the piston rod load and the buffer block load as the axial load of an upper mounting point of the shock absorber.
2. The method of deriving a mounting point axial load on a rear shock absorber of a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) The upper mounting support and the buffer block are detached from the rear shock absorber, a circle of circular arc-shaped groove is processed on the upper end face of a piston rod of the rear shock absorber, and a rectangular groove is processed on a threaded rod at the upper end;
(2) T-shaped strain gauges are symmetrically arranged on the arc-shaped groove to form a Wheatstone full-bridge circuit;
(3) Mounting the rear shock absorber without the buffer block on a shock absorber performance test bed, connecting the Wheatstone full-bridge circuit to a strain acquisition instrument, and obtaining the relationship between the force of the piston rod and the strain after the test;
(4) Placing the buffer block on a tension-compression testing machine for a compression test to obtain a characteristic curve of the buffer block;
(5) The rear shock absorber is combined and restored and is installed on the rear suspension of the vehicle; a displacement sensor is arranged at the position of the rear shock absorber close to the lower end lifting lug along the axis of the rear shock absorber;
(6) After the balance weight is fully loaded, acquiring the strain of a piston rod of the rear shock absorber and the stroke variation of the rear shock absorber according to the working condition of a test field to obtain a displacement signal;
(7) Processing the collected displacement signals to obtain the strain of the piston rod and the compression displacement of the buffer block;
(8) Calibrating the piston rod strain processed in the step (7) and the piston rod strain of the rear shock absorber obtained in the step (3) to obtain piston rod load;
(9) Measuring by a rear shock absorber displacement sensor, and calculating by combining the buffer block compression displacement obtained in the step (7) and the buffer block characteristic curve obtained in the step (4) to obtain the buffer block load;
(10) And combining the load of the piston rod and the load of the buffer block to obtain the axial load of the upper mounting point of the rear shock absorber.
3. The method of deriving a mounting point axial load on a rear shock absorber of a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein: in the step (1), the arc-shaped groove is positioned at the position 5-7mm below the upper end surface of the piston rod, the depth of the arc-shaped groove is 1.5-2mm, and the length of the arc-shaped groove along the axial direction of the piston rod is 12-15mm.
4. The method of deriving a mounting point axial load on a rear shock absorber of a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein: in the step (1), the width of the rectangular groove 301 is 1-2mm, and the depth is 1-1.5mm.
5. The method for acquiring axial load of a mounting point on a rear shock absorber of a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein: in the step (7), the processing includes the following steps:
7.1, processing signals of drift and burr;
7.2, low-pass filtering the displacement signal at the frequency of 50 Hz;
7.3, defining signal polarity, and enabling the stress load to be positive when the piston rod and the buffer block are pressed;
7.4, according to the calibration data and the polarity definition in the step 7.3, when a compressive load is applied, the strain signal is negative, the piston rod is in a compression state at the moment, and the strain signal of the piston rod is multiplied by-1 to obtain the strain consistent with the polarity definition of the signal;
7.5, according to the motion mode of the rear shock absorber, converting the displacement change of the rear shock absorber into the compression displacement of the buffer block.
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| CN202210979376.6A CN115342154A (en) | 2022-08-16 | 2022-08-16 | Method for acquiring axial load of mounting point on rear shock absorber of vehicle |
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| CN202210979376.6A CN115342154A (en) | 2022-08-16 | 2022-08-16 | Method for acquiring axial load of mounting point on rear shock absorber of vehicle |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115575143A (en) * | 2022-11-21 | 2023-01-06 | 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 | Vehicle shock absorber failure detection system and method for endurance test |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115575143A (en) * | 2022-11-21 | 2023-01-06 | 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 | Vehicle shock absorber failure detection system and method for endurance test |
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