CN115341891A - Deepwater drilling experiment system, deepwater drilling experiment method and deepwater drilling string - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a deepwater drilling experiment system, an experiment method and a deepwater drilling string, wherein the deepwater drilling experiment system comprises: the device comprises an outer pipe, a drill rod, a drill bit and a capacitance array logging instrument, wherein the drill bit is arranged at the lower end of the drill rod, and the drill rod is arranged in the outer pipe; the capacitor array logging instrument comprises an annular shell and a plurality of detection devices, wherein the detection devices comprise a gas holdup probe and a water holdup probe which are distributed circumferentially around a drill rod, the annular shell is arranged outside the drill rod, a first annular cavity is arranged between the annular shell and the drill rod, a second annular cavity is arranged between the annular shell and an outer pipe, the detection devices are arranged in the first annular cavity, and the detection devices are distributed circumferentially around the drill rod, so that the technical problem that the gas invasion phenomenon in the deepwater drilling process is difficult to know in time is solved.

Description

Deepwater drilling experiment system, deepwater drilling experiment method and deepwater drilling string

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of deepwater drilling equipment, in particular to a deepwater drilling experiment system, an experiment method and a deepwater drilling string.

Background

In the deep water drilling process, due to the influence of complex factors such as a narrow safe density window of drilling fluid, a fractured carbonate reservoir, a high-temperature and high-pressure stratum and the like, well kick and well leakage accidents easily occur, and the safety and the timeliness of drilling are seriously influenced. If the well kick and the well leakage accidents are not properly treated, gas invasion fluid can enter the blowout preventer, so that the blowout preventer is damaged; leading to unbalanced internal and external pressure of each water pipe, failure of drilling fluid circulation balance and causing high-risk accidents of blowout. At present, the phenomenon of gas invasion in the deepwater drilling process is difficult to know in time.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a deepwater drilling experiment system, an experiment method and a deepwater drilling string, and aims to solve the technical problem that the gas invasion phenomenon in the deepwater drilling process is difficult to know in time.

The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

the invention provides a deepwater drilling experiment system, which comprises: the device comprises an outer pipe, a drill rod, a drill bit and a capacitance array logging instrument, wherein the drill bit is arranged at the lower end of the drill rod, and the drill rod is arranged in the outer pipe; the capacitor array logging instrument comprises an annular shell and a plurality of detection devices, the detection devices comprise gas-holding rate probes and water-holding rate probes, the gas-holding rate probes and the water-holding rate probes are distributed in the circumferential direction of the drill rod, the annular shell is installed outside the drill rod, a first annular cavity is arranged between the annular shell and the drill rod, a second annular cavity is arranged between the annular shell and the outer pipe, the detection devices are arranged in the first annular cavity and are multiple, and the detection devices are distributed in the circumferential direction of the drill rod.

In a preferred embodiment, the capacitive array logging tool comprises a moveable arm, the lower end of the moveable arm being mounted to the drill pipe, and the detection device being mounted to the upper end of the moveable arm.

In a preferred embodiment, the capacitive array logging tool comprises an adjustment sleeve mounted to the drill pipe and being vertically adjustable in position relative to the drill bit, the lower end of the moveable arm being mounted to the adjustment sleeve.

In a preferred embodiment, the lower end of the movable arm is hinged to the adjusting sleeve, and the movable arm can swing up and down relative to the adjusting sleeve.

In a preferred embodiment, the movable arm comprises a lower arm, a first upper arm and a second upper arm, the lower end of the lower arm is mounted on the adjusting sleeve, the first upper arm and the second upper arm are both mounted on the upper end of the lower arm, the gas holding rate probe is mounted on the first upper arm, and the water holding rate probe is mounted on the second upper arm.

In a preferred embodiment, the first upper arm is hinged to the lower arm and/or the second upper arm is hinged to the lower arm.

In a preferred embodiment, the capacitive array logging tool comprises 6 of the detection devices evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.

In a preferred embodiment, the annular housing includes a cylinder, a top plate and a bottom plate, the top plate and the bottom plate are both mounted on the drill rod, the cylinder is fixedly connected with the top plate and the bottom plate, the top plate is provided with a first channel which is through from top to bottom, and the bottom plate is provided with a second channel which is through from top to bottom.

The invention provides a deepwater drilling experiment method, which adopts the deepwater drilling experiment system and comprises the following steps: drilling fluid is injected into the drill rod and is sprayed out of the drill bit; the gas holdup probe tests the gas holdup, and the water holdup probe tests the liquid holdup.

The invention provides a deepwater drilling string, which comprises: the device comprises a drill rod, a drill bit and a capacitor array logging instrument, wherein the drill bit is arranged at the lower end of the drill rod; the capacitor array logging instrument comprises an annular shell and a plurality of detection devices, wherein the detection devices comprise a gas holding rate probe and a water holding rate probe which are distributed in the circumferential direction of the drill rod, the annular shell is mounted outside the drill rod, a first annular cavity is arranged between the annular shell and the drill rod, the detection devices are arranged in the first annular cavity, and the detection devices are distributed in the circumferential direction of the drill rod.

The invention has the characteristics and advantages that:

during drilling, the drilling fluid enters the drill pipe, travels down the drill pipe and is ejected through the water ports of the drill bit. The drilling fluid can flow through the first annular cavity in the process of returning upwards in the outer pipe, and the capacitance array logging instrument detects the conductivity of surrounding fluid through the detection devices distributed circumferentially around the drill pipe. The gas invasion phenomenon in the deepwater drilling process can be tested, the gas invasion phenomenon can be mastered in time, and the deepwater drilling operation safety can be ensured. The design of double probes is adopted, the water holding rate probe is used for monitoring the water holding rate in the deepwater drilling process, and the gas holding rate probe is used for monitoring the gas holding rate in the deepwater drilling process, so that the accuracy is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of a deepwater drilling experiment system provided by the invention;

2-5 are schematic structural diagrams of the capacitive array logging instrument in the deep water drilling experimental system provided by the invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a base plate in a capacitive array logging tool;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a top plate in a capacitive array logging tool;

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the inner portion of the adjustment sleeve and the bottom plate support rod in the capacitance array logging tool.

The reference numbers indicate:

11. sea level; 12. mud line;

1. a flow divider;

2. an expansion joint inner cylinder; 3. an expansion joint outer cylinder; 4. a riser; 8. a wellbore;

5. a drill stem; 10. a drill bit;

6. a subsea blowout preventer; 7. an underwater wellhead;

13. testing a lead; 14. a data processing terminal; 15. a signal receiver;

9. a capacitive array logging tool;

103. a detection device; 108. a gas holdup probe; 109. a water holdup probe;

104. an upper arm; 1041. a first upper arm; 1042. a second upper arm; 105. an upper arm connector and a lower arm connector; 106. a lower arm;

107. an internal power supply;

110. an adjusting sleeve;

111. a spring hooking joint; 112. a spring;

102. a cylinder; 113. a base plate; 114. a top plate; 115. a bottom plate support bar; 116. a top plate support bar;

117. positioning the clamping groove; 118. positioning a buckle; 119. a screw;

120. vertically positioning the clamping groove; 121. and (5) vertically positioning the buckle.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Scheme one

The invention provides a deepwater drilling experiment system, which comprises the following components in parts by weight as shown in figures 1-5: the device comprises an outer tube, a drill rod 5, a drill bit 10 and a capacitance array logging instrument 9, wherein the drill bit 10 is arranged at the lower end of the drill rod 5, and the drill rod 5 is lowered into the outer tube; the capacitor array logging instrument 9 comprises an annular shell and a plurality of detection devices 103, wherein the detection devices 103 comprise gas holding rate probes 108 and water holding rate probes 109 which are distributed around the circumferential direction of the drill rod 5, the annular shell is installed outside the drill rod 5, a first annular cavity is arranged between the annular shell and the drill rod 5, a second annular cavity is arranged between the annular shell and the outer pipe, the detection devices 103 are arranged in the first annular cavity, and the detection devices 103 are distributed around the circumferential direction of the drill rod 5.

During drilling, drilling fluid enters the drill pipe 5, travels down the drill pipe 5 and is ejected through the port of the drill bit 10. The drilling fluid will flow through the first annulus as it returns up the outer pipe and the capacitive array logging tool 9 detects the conductivity of the surrounding fluid by means of sensing devices 103 distributed circumferentially around the drill pipe 5. The gas invasion phenomenon in the deepwater drilling process is tested, the gas invasion phenomenon is mastered in time, and the deepwater drilling operation safety is ensured. By adopting a double-probe design, the water holding rate probe 109 is used for monitoring the water holding rate in the deepwater drilling process, and the gas holding rate probe 108 is used for monitoring the gas holding rate in the deepwater drilling process, so that the accuracy is improved.

The outer pipe comprises a riser group, an underwater blowout preventer 6 and a shaft 8, as shown in figure 1, the riser group comprises a splitter 1, an expansion joint and a riser 4 which are sequentially arranged, the splitter 1 is communicated with the mud pit, and the expansion joint is connected with the riser 4; the lower part of the marine riser 4 is connected with an underwater blowout preventer 6, the underwater blowout preventer 6 is arranged at an underwater wellhead 7 on a shaft 8, and the underwater blowout preventer 6 is positioned above the underwater wellhead 7. The telescopic joint comprises an inner telescopic joint cylinder 2 and an outer telescopic joint cylinder 3, and the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder can be arranged in a nested manner. A drill pipe 5 is run from the riser 4 through a subsea blowout preventer 6 and a subsea wellhead 7 into a wellbore 8, with a drill bit 10 at the bottom of the drill pipe 5. Preferably, the difference between the inner diameters of the flow divider 1, the telescopic joint inner cylinder 2, the telescopic joint outer cylinder 3 and the riser 4 is small, the inner diameter of the 21-in riser 4 for deep water drilling is about 20in, the outer diameter of an annulus formed by the riser 4 and the drill pipe 5 is about 508mm, the inner diameter is about 127mm, the outer diameter of an annulus formed by the shaft 8 and the drill pipe 5 is about 444.5mm, and the inner diameter is about 127mm.

The detection device 103 may be a miniature capacitive sensor. The capacitor array logging instrument 9 further comprises a test lead 13 mounted on the capacitor array logging instrument housing, the test lead 13 is attached to the drilling string and connected with the capacitor array logging instrument 9, and the capacitor array logging instrument 9 located at the bottom is connected with a signal receiver 15 through the test lead 13. The signal that miniature capacitive sensor launched extends by test lead 13 along drilling rod 5 to underwater well head 7 direction, with signal transmission to install in the department that receives of the signal receiver 15 of telescopic joint urceolus 3 bottom, the signal is finally carried out analysis processes by data processing terminal 14 on the ground.

And an analysis unit on the data processing terminal 14 analyzes and processes related data generated by a gas holdup probe 108 and a water holdup probe 109 on the capacitive array logging instrument to obtain a monitoring result. The analysis unit is used for recording liquid holdup data information according to the reference capacitor array logging instrument 9. The data acquisition unit is used for measuring the liquid holdup parameter of the gas cutting drilling string.

The test lead 13 extends along the drill string to the direction of the underwater wellhead 7, and information acquired by the capacitive array logging instrument in the underground is finally transmitted to the data processing terminal 14 through the test lead 13 for acquisition, analysis and processing.

The drilling fluid passes through the first annulus during the trip between the wellbore 8 and the drill pipe 5 below the mud line 12. The capacitive array logging tool 9 comprises a movable arm, the lower end of which is mounted on the drill rod 5, and the detection device 103 is mounted on the upper end of the movable arm.

In one embodiment, the capacitive array tool 9 includes an adjustment sleeve 110, the adjustment sleeve 110 is mounted to the drill pipe 5 and is vertically adjustable in position relative to the drill bit 10, and the lower end of the movable arm is mounted to the adjustment sleeve 110. Further, the lower end of the movable arm is hinged to the adjusting sleeve 110, the movable arm can swing up and down relative to the adjusting sleeve 110, and the upper and lower positions of the movable arm and the detecting device 103 are adjusted through the adjusting sleeve 110; the radial position and the vertical position of the detecting device 103 can be adjusted when the movable arm swings vertically with respect to the adjustment sleeve 110.

The capacitor array logging instrument is arranged on the outer surface of the drill rod 5 and is connected with a test lead 13, and the test lead 13 is subjected to waterproof treatment. The bottom of the tool is equipped with an internal power supply 107 to maintain proper operation of the tool, and to maintain proper operation of the tool and data transmission through the internal power supply 107 and the test leads 13. The adjustment sleeve 110 is provided with a positioning system which can ensure that the 6 movable arms are uniformly distributed without interfering with each other. In one embodiment, the positioning system is of a snap-in design, and as shown in FIG. 8, the positioning system includes a positioning detent 117 disposed at a bottom location of the connection apparatus and a positioning snap 118 that fits into the positioning detent 117 along the outside of the adjustment sleeve 110. The positioning clamping groove 117 is aligned with the positioning buckle 118 through a designed angle, so that the movable arms on the capacitive array logging instrument can be uniformly distributed, and the positioning clamping groove 117 and the positioning buckle 118 are fixed by the screw 119, so that the movable arms are uniformly distributed and do not interfere with each other.

The inventor improves the structure of the movable arm: as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the movable arm includes a lower arm 106 and an upper arm 104, the upper arm 104 includes a first upper arm 1041 and a second upper arm 1042, the lower end of the lower arm 106 is mounted on the adjusting sleeve 110, the first upper arm 1041 and the second upper arm 1042 are both mounted on the upper end of the lower arm 106, the gas holdup probe 108 is mounted on the first upper arm, and the water holdup probe 109 is mounted on the second upper arm.

The lower arm 106 is fitted over the outer race of the adjustment sleeve 110 and is fixed to the drill rod 5. Considering that the volume of the gas continuously expands along with the increase of the ascending distance in the annular ascending process, the gas holdup rates measured by the cross sections of different depths and the test point positions with different radiuses on the same cross section are different, in this embodiment, the movable arm can change the longitudinal position and the transverse position of the detection device 103 to obtain the gas invasion information at different positions.

Further, the first upper arm is hinged to the lower arm 106, and/or the second upper arm is hinged to the lower arm 106, and the position of the probe can be changed by correcting the included angle between the upper and lower arms 106. The upper end of the lower arm 106 may be provided with an upper and lower arm connector 105, and the first upper arm 1041 and the second upper arm 1042 are both mounted to the upper and lower arm connector 105.

In one embodiment, the lower arm 106 is connected to a positioning buckle 118, the positioning buckle 118 and the positioning slot 117 are fixedly connected by a screw 119, the upper end of the spring 112 is connected to the spring hooking joint 111, the lower end of the spring 112 is fixed to the bottom plate 113, and the adjustment sleeve 110 is fixedly connected to the spring hooking joint 111.

Further, the capacitive array logging tool 9 comprises 6 detection devices 103 which are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. Drilling fluid flows into the drill string and is sprayed out through a water hole of the drill bit 10, the sprayed drilling fluid carries gas-cutting fluid to flow upwards and pass through the first annular cavity, and each phase holdup is measured at the same depth through each detection device 103.

In one embodiment, the annular housing comprises a cylinder 102, a top plate 114 and a bottom plate 113, wherein the top plate 114 and the bottom plate 113 are both mounted on the drill rod 5, the cylinder 102 is fixedly connected with the top plate 114 and the bottom plate 113 respectively, the top plate 114 is provided with a first passage penetrating from top to bottom, and the bottom plate 113 is provided with a second passage penetrating from top to bottom. As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the top plate 114 and the bottom plate 113 are fixed to the cylinder 102 by a top plate support rod 116 and a bottom plate support rod 115, respectively. The distance between the top plate 114 and the bottom plate 113 is fixed, a plurality of vertical positioning clamping grooves 120 which are arranged in parallel are arranged in the instrument, the vertical positioning clamping grooves 120 are fixed between the inner side of the adjusting sleeve 110 and the drill rod 5, the position of the spring hanging joint 111 can be changed along with the position of the spring 112, the vertical positioning buckle 121 is arranged on the inner side of the adjusting sleeve 110, the adjusting sleeve 110 is adjusted up and down along with the spring 112, any vertical positioning clamping groove 120 is selected to be buckled with the vertical positioning buckle 121, and the position of the probe in the direction along the drill rod 5 is changed through the selected vertical positioning clamping groove 120.

The deepwater drilling experiment system can be applied on site, and is processed by a deepwater drilling platform according to relevant process methods of production operation.

Scheme two

The invention provides a deepwater drilling experiment method, which adopts the deepwater drilling experiment system and comprises the following steps: the drilling fluid is injected into the drill rod 5 and is sprayed out from the drill bit 10; the gas holdup probe 108 measures the gas holdup, and the water holdup probe 109 measures the liquid holdup.

The deepwater drilling experiment method comprises the following specific steps:

(1) The method comprises the following steps of setting a drilling test pipe column, a flow divider 1, an expansion joint, an underwater blowout preventer 6, an underwater wellhead 7 and a capacitance array logging instrument into a test assembly, installing a marine riser 4 at a part above the underwater blowout preventer 6, and installing a shaft 8 structure below the underwater wellhead 7 so as to maintain the sealing property of the whole test environment and realize a test system for gas invasion detection of deep water drilling;

(2) Installing the capacitor array logging instrument on the outer surface of the deepwater drilling string, connecting a testing lead 13 from the capacitor array logging instrument, connecting the testing lead 13 to the water surface, and performing waterproof treatment;

(3) Fixing a top plate 114 and a bottom plate 113 on the capacitance array logging instrument with a drill string, selecting a required vertical positioning clamping groove 120, buckling a vertical positioning buckle 121 on the inner side of the adjusting sleeve 110 on the vertical positioning clamping groove 120, and fixing a positioning clamping groove 117 and a positioning buckle 118 on the adjusting sleeve 110 together through a screw 119;

(4) Drilling fluid flows through an annular space formed between the capacitive array logging instrument and a drill string, a miniature sensor in the capacitive array logging instrument detects the conductivity of different fluids of the drilling fluid, and the signals are transmitted into a signal receiver 15 above the water surface through a test lead 13;

(5) During the experiment, the drilling fluid is injected into the drill rod 5, is sprayed out from the water hole of the drill bit 10, and is in a gas invasion state through bubbles generated at the bottom in a deepwater drilling manner, and the positions of a gas holdup probe 108 and a water holdup probe 109 in the capacitive array logging instrument are adjusted to monitor the fluid holdup and liquid holdup at different test points;

(6) And a data processing terminal 14 is connected outside the device testing assembly, through the operation steps, the drilling fluid circularly flows in the system, the data information change in the capacitance array logging instrument is collected, and the oil holdup data of the drilling fluid in the terminal system is used as a reference of experimental data to further obtain the capacitance array for monitoring the gas invasion of the deepwater drilling.

Scheme three

The invention provides a deepwater drilling string, which comprises: the device comprises a drill rod 5, a drill bit 10 and a capacitance array logging instrument 9, wherein the drill bit 10 is arranged at the lower end of the drill rod 5; the capacitive array logging instrument 9 comprises an annular shell and a plurality of detection devices 103, wherein the detection devices 103 comprise gas holdup probes 108 and water holdup probes 109 which are circumferentially distributed around the drill rod 5, the annular shell is mounted outside the drill rod 5, a first annular cavity is arranged between the annular shell and the drill rod 5, the detection devices 103 are arranged in the first annular cavity, and the detection devices 103 are circumferentially distributed around the drill rod 5.

The above description is only a few embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the embodiments of the present invention according to the disclosure of the application document without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A deepwater drilling experiment system is characterized by comprising: the device comprises an outer tube, a drill rod, a drill bit and a capacitance array logging instrument, wherein the drill bit is arranged at the lower end of the drill rod, and the drill rod is lowered into the outer tube; the capacitor array logging instrument comprises an annular shell and a plurality of detection devices, wherein the detection devices comprise gas-holding rate probes and water-holding rate probes which are distributed in the circumferential direction of the drill rod, the annular shell is mounted outside the drill rod, a first annular cavity is arranged between the annular shell and the drill rod, a second annular cavity is arranged between the annular shell and the outer pipe, and the detection devices are arranged in the first annular cavity and are a plurality of in the circumferential direction of the drill rod.

2. The deep water drilling experiment system of claim 1, wherein the capacitive array logging instrument comprises a movable arm, a lower end of the movable arm is mounted to the drill pipe, and the detection device is mounted to an upper end of the movable arm.

3. The deep water drilling experiment system of claim 2, wherein the capacitive array logging tool comprises an adjustment sleeve mounted to the drill pipe and adjustable in position up and down relative to the drill bit, the lower end of the moveable arm being mounted to the adjustment sleeve.

4. The deep water drilling experiment system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the lower end of the movable arm is hinged to the adjusting sleeve, and the movable arm can swing up and down relative to the adjusting sleeve.

5. The deepwater drilling experiment system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the movable arm comprises a lower arm, a first upper arm and a second upper arm, the lower end of the lower arm is mounted to the adjusting sleeve, the first upper arm and the second upper arm are both mounted to the upper end of the lower arm, the gas holdup probe is mounted to the first upper arm, and the water holdup probe is mounted to the second upper arm.

6. The deepwater drilling experiment system as recited in claim 5, wherein the first upper arm is hinged to the lower arm, and/or the second upper arm is hinged to the lower arm.

7. The deep water drilling experiment system of claim 1, wherein the capacitive array logging instrument comprises 6 detection devices which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.

8. The deep water drilling experiment system of claim 1, wherein the annular shell comprises a cylinder, a top plate and a bottom plate, the top plate and the bottom plate are both mounted on the drill rod, the cylinder is fixedly connected with the top plate and the bottom plate respectively, the top plate is provided with a first channel which is through up and down, and the bottom plate is provided with a second channel which is through up and down.

9. A deepwater drilling experiment method, which is characterized by using the deepwater drilling experiment system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, and comprises the following steps: drilling fluid is injected into the drill rod and is sprayed out of the drill bit; the gas holdup probe tests the gas holdup, and the water holdup probe tests the liquid holdup.

10. A deepwater drilling string, comprising: the device comprises a drill rod, a drill bit and a capacitor array logging instrument, wherein the drill bit is arranged at the lower end of the drill rod; the capacitor array logging instrument comprises an annular shell and a plurality of detection devices, wherein the detection devices comprise a gas holding rate probe and a water holding rate probe which are distributed in the circumferential direction of the drill rod, the annular shell is mounted outside the drill rod, a first annular cavity is arranged between the annular shell and the drill rod, the detection devices are arranged in the first annular cavity, and the detection devices are distributed in the circumferential direction of the drill rod.

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