CN115341514A - Cold source safety comprehensive fortification system for nuclear power plant - Google Patents
Cold source safety comprehensive fortification system for nuclear power plant Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
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- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
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- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/12—Grating or flooring for bridges; Fastening railway sleepers or tracks to bridges
- E01D19/125—Grating or flooring for bridges
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- E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
- E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
- E02B15/06—Barriers therefor construed for applying processing agents or for collecting pollutants, e.g. absorbent
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
- E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
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- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B5/00—Use of pumping plants or installations; Layouts thereof
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Abstract
The invention discloses a safety comprehensive defense system for a cold source of a nuclear power plant, which comprises a first-stage interception unit, a second-stage interception unit, a third-stage interception unit and a fourth-stage interception unit, wherein the first-stage interception unit, the second-stage interception unit, the third-stage interception unit and the fourth-stage interception unit are sequentially arranged in the direction of water flow entering the nuclear power plant; the primary interception unit comprises a port door interception net arranged at the water intake and at least two port door buoy monitoring units arranged at the outer side of the port door interception net; the second-stage intercepting unit comprises second-stage intercepting nets and first net-bag type intercepting nets which are arranged at intervals in the water flow direction and used for intercepting the seawater passing through the water taking open channel in a full section; the third-level intercepting unit comprises a second tuck-net type intercepting net; the four-stage intercepting unit comprises a bottom net. The nuclear power plant cold source safety comprehensive defense system is used for carrying out comprehensive treatment such as monitoring, early warning, interception, cleaning and the like on disaster causing objects such as marine organisms, floaters and the like carried in water taking water flow through the sequential arrangement of the four-stage interception units, and prevents the disaster causing objects from blocking filtering equipment of a nuclear power plant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power water intaking engineering, in particular to a safe and comprehensive defense system for a cold source of a nuclear power plant.
Background
During the operation of the nuclear power plant, a large amount of cooling water is needed by a conventional island condenser and nuclear island equipment as a 'cold source', seawater direct current cooling adopted by a coastal nuclear power plant is preferred, for example, a nuclear power plant with 6 million kilowatt-level units built in a group pile is taken as an example, the total seawater water intake is 300m 3 /s-420m 3 Is between/s. When a large amount of seawater is extracted by a nuclear power plant, a large amount of marine organisms, floating objects and the like in the seawater invade along with the seawater, so that seawater filtering equipment is blocked, and the filtering equipment is blockedThe flow capacity is reduced, so that the water supply flow is insufficient, the load reduction operation of a unit, the trip of a steam turbine and even the safety protection trip of a nuclear island reactor can be caused, huge economic loss is caused to a nuclear power plant, and the operation safety of the nuclear power plant is threatened.
Therefore, in the design of the nuclear power plant, the design work of a cold source safety comprehensive defense system is made by combining the outbreak and invasion characteristics of disasters such as marine organisms, floaters and the like of the plant site, and the nuclear power plant can be ensured to continuously obtain cooling water with enough water quantity and water quality requirements in the life time.
In the early design of a nuclear power plant, a set of permanent process system is not arranged at the upstream of a water taking pump station because the filtering equipment is rarely blocked due to the invasion of disasters such as marine organisms, floaters and the like. After a nuclear power plant operates, due to the influence of marine environment and human economic activities, the design load of marine organisms, floaters and other disasters carried in the water taking process of the nuclear power plant greatly exceeds that of original filtering equipment, so that the filtering equipment is frequently blocked, and the power generation and nuclear safety of the nuclear power plant are further influenced. For a newly designed nuclear power plant, disasters such as marine organisms, floaters and the like are required to be designed as important external events as design inputs, so that the defense level of the nuclear power plant for coping with the disasters such as the marine organisms, the floaters and the like is improved through reasonable defense design, and the power generation efficiency and the operation safety level of the nuclear power plant are improved.
However, based on the complexity and variability of marine environment, the difference of plant site conditions and the uncertainty of human activity influence, an operable and easily-executed design method for disaster prevention based on marine organisms, floating objects and the like is still lacking at present, such as the outbreak intensity of disaster-causing objects, the design reference of an interception network, the monitoring and early warning requirements and the like are all not clear, and the short-term operation experience is mainly relied on, so that the disaster prevention level difference of different design units and different plant sites is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a nuclear power plant cold source safety comprehensive fortification system for improving the fortification level of a nuclear power plant for coping with disasters such as marine organisms, floaters and the like.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: the nuclear power plant cold source safety comprehensive fortification system comprises a first-stage interception unit, a second-stage interception unit, a third-stage interception unit and a fourth-stage interception unit which are sequentially arranged in the direction of water flow entering a nuclear power plant;
the primary intercepting unit comprises a port door intercepting net arranged at the water intake, and at least two port door buoy monitoring units which are arranged on the outer side of the port door intercepting net corresponding to the two opposite sides of the water intake;
the second-stage intercepting unit comprises second-stage intercepting nets and first tuck net type intercepting nets which are arranged at intervals in the water flow direction and used for intercepting the seawater passing through the water taking open channel in a full section;
the third-stage intercepting unit comprises a second tuck-net type intercepting net, and the aperture of the smallest mesh of the second tuck-net type intercepting net is 2mm;
the four-stage intercepting unit comprises a bottom net; two ends of the bottom-covering net are respectively fixed on two opposite shores of the water taking open channel through cables.
Preferably, a preset height is reserved between the bottom of the port door intercepting net and the water bottom, and the top of the port door intercepting net is higher than the water surface; the aperture of the interception net of the portal interception net is 50mm-100mm.
Preferably, the primary intercepting unit further comprises a mobile monitoring device arranged outside the entrance door intercepting net;
the mobile monitoring device comprises a ship carrying monitoring equipment.
Preferably, the gate buoy monitoring unit is a self-floating structure, and the carried equipment comprises at least one of a water quality monitoring instrument, a pH meter, a thermometer, a flow meter, a sonar and an in-situ imaging device.
Preferably, the first-stage intercepting unit further comprises shore-based video monitoring units respectively arranged on the water intake breakwater on two sides of the water intake; the monitoring range of the shore-based video monitoring unit covers a water taking through-flow water area comprising a water taking port, a water taking harbor basin and a water taking open channel.
Preferably, the primary intercepting unit further comprises at least one harbor basin buoy monitoring unit arranged in the water intake harbor basin; the harbor basin buoy monitoring unit is used for monitoring water quality parameters and marine organism conditions in a water intake harbor basin area.
Preferably, the primary intercepting unit further comprises a movable spraying device arranged on the shore base of the water taking open channel;
the movable spraying device is used for spraying sterilizing liquid to seawater to sterilize the microalgae and generate an aggregation effect.
Preferably, the primary intercepting unit further comprises a driving device arranged on a shore base of the water taking open channel;
the driving device is used for emitting sound waves corresponding to the target organisms and driving away the free water intake of the target organisms.
Preferably, the aperture of the mesh of the secondary intercepting net is 50mm; the secondary intercepting net is a plane net or a triangular net.
Preferably, a first tension meter is arranged on a cable of the secondary intercepting net and used for monitoring the stress condition of the cable in real time.
Preferably, the water intake open channel is provided with a first passing bridge which is connected between two revetments of the water intake open channel in a crossing manner and corresponds to the position of the first tuck net type intercepting net; in a plurality of pile foundations below the first passing bridge, a through-flow span is formed between every two adjacent pile foundations, and each through-flow span is provided with one set of first tuck net type intercepting net.
Preferably, the secondary interception unit further comprises at least two first monitoring points arranged at the upstream of the secondary interception network;
each first monitoring point is provided with a sonar, a microorganism monitoring unit and an underwater video monitoring unit.
Preferably, the secondary intercepting unit further comprises a buoyant row disposed downstream of the first pocketed intercepting net.
Preferably, the secondary intercepting unit further comprises liquid level monitoring units respectively arranged upstream of the secondary intercepting net and downstream of the first tuck net intercepting net.
Preferably, the second-stage intercepting unit further comprises a first operation platform extending from a revetment of the water taking open channel to the center direction of the water taking open channel; the first operation platform is located downstream of the first tuck net type intercepting net, the elevation of the first operation platform is higher than the average high tide level, and the first operation platform is used as a working platform for the operation ship to park and the operation and maintenance personnel.
Preferably, the water taking open channel is provided with a second access bridge which is connected between two revetments of the water taking open channel in a crossing manner and corresponds to the position of the second net pocket type intercepting net; and in a plurality of pile foundations below the second through bridge, a through flow span is formed between every two adjacent pile foundations, and each through flow span is provided with one set of second pocket type intercepting net.
Preferably, the third-level intercepting unit further comprises at least one second monitoring point arranged upstream of the tuck-net type intercepting net;
the second monitoring point is provided with a sonar, a microorganism monitoring unit and an underwater video monitoring unit.
Preferably, the third-stage intercepting unit further comprises a second operation platform extending from a revetment of the water taking open channel to the center direction of the water taking open channel; and the second operating platform is positioned at the downstream of the second tuck-net type intercepting net, and the elevation of the second operating platform is higher than the average high tide level and is used as a working platform for the berthing of the working ship and the operation and maintenance personnel.
Preferably, a second tension meter is arranged on a cable of the bottom-covering net and used for monitoring the stress condition of the cable in real time.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: through the sequential arrangement of the four-stage intercepting units, the device is used for carrying out comprehensive treatment such as monitoring, early warning, intercepting and cleaning on disaster-causing objects such as marine organisms and floaters carried in water taking flow, and preventing the disaster-causing objects from blocking filtering equipment of a nuclear power plant.
The invention can be standardized, systematized and constructed based on the intrusion protection of disasters such as marine organisms, floaters and the like, is the core of a water taking and filtering system of a nuclear power plant, can be used as an independent permanent process system of the nuclear power plant, is arranged at the front end of a water taking pump room of the nuclear power plant, and covers the entity range from open sea to the front edge of the water taking pump room.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a nuclear power plant cold source safety comprehensive fortification system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention relates to a safe comprehensive defense system for a cold source of a nuclear power plant, which is suitable for a large-flow water taking facility for taking water from rivers, lakes, seas and the like.
As shown in fig. 1, the system for comprehensive security of a cold source in a nuclear power plant according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a comprehensive intelligent platform 50 for cold source information in a nuclear power plant, a first-stage intercepting unit 10, a second-stage intercepting unit 20, a third-stage intercepting unit 30, and a fourth-stage intercepting unit 40, which are sequentially disposed in a direction in which water flows from a water intake to an open water intake channel.
According to the invention, a water source entering a nuclear power plant is intercepted in multiple stages through the first-stage intercepting unit 10, the second-stage intercepting unit 20, the third-stage intercepting unit 30 and the fourth-stage intercepting unit 40, so that disasters such as marine organisms and floaters carried in seawater are intercepted, and the seawater is prevented from entering the nuclear power plant.
The primary intercepting unit 10 may include a portal intercepting net 11, a portal buoy monitoring unit 12, a mobile monitoring device 13, a shore-based video monitoring unit 14, a harbor basin buoy monitoring unit 15, a mobile spraying device 16, a driving device 17, and the like.
The mouth-door intercepting net 11 is arranged at a water taking port and connected between the shore-based anchor piers 101 at the end parts of the two opposite water taking breakwater. The portal interception net 11 is used as a first interception facility, and a non-full-section mode is adopted between the two shore-based anchor piers 101. A preset height is left between the bottom of the portal intercepting net 11 and the water bottom, namely the portal intercepting net is not connected to the water bottom; the top of the port door intercepting net 11 is higher than the water surface by a preset height, and the main intercepting objects are water surface floaters, such as floating oil, floating sundries, phytoplankton, surface layer large-scale marine organisms and the like, and can be used for intercepting unpowered ships.
The main body of the entrance intercepting net 11 is formed by an oil fence, or formed by an oil fence and a half-section intercepting net. The main body of the port door interception net 11 can be made of rubber materials and is fixed on a shore-based anchor pier 101 through a cable, the cable is connected with a concrete anchor block at the bottom of the water through an anchor chain, and the port door interception net 11 is in place at the installation position through the combined action of the cable and the anchor chain.
The entrance intercepting net 11 is designed to resist waves of not less than 3m, and the aperture of the intercepting net is 50mm-100mm.
The outer side of the primary intercepting unit 10 is a water source (such as a river, a lake, a sea, etc.). The water surface range of the water source area is wide, the primary intercepting unit 10 further monitors water surface and underwater disasters (marine organisms, floaters and the like) in a large water area by arranging a movable monitoring device 13, and the monitoring range can reach 10km or beyond. The mobile monitoring device 13 comprises a vessel carrying various required monitoring equipment, wherein the vessel may only be an unmanned vessel or a manned vessel.
The port door buoy monitoring units 12 are at least two, are arranged on the outer side of the port door intercepting net 11 corresponding to the opposite two sides of the water intake and are mainly used for monitoring the conditions of seawater quality parameters, marine organisms and the like in the peripheral area of the water intake.
The portal buoy monitoring unit 12 is of a self-floating structure, does not need to be fixed by shore-based civil facilities, can be fixed by an underwater anchor block, and can normally work by allowing certain free displacement under the action of water flow, waves and wind. The equipment that carries on the entrance buoy monitor unit 12 can include water quality monitoring instrument, PH meter, thermometer, velocity of flow meter, sonar, normal position imaging device etc. and wherein sonar should be able to realize the whole intake cross sectional full section monitoring of water.
The shore-based video monitoring unit 14 can realize 24-hour all-weather monitoring on the water intake breakwater on the two sides of the water intake, the monitoring range is required to cover all water intake through-flow waters such as the water intake, the water intake harbor basin, the water intake open channel and the like, and large-scale water surface targets and water surface floaters can be subjected to video acquisition.
The harbor basin buoy monitoring unit 15 is arranged in the water intake harbor basin. The harbor basin buoy monitoring unit 15 is mainly used for monitoring the conditions of seawater quality parameters, marine organisms and the like in a water intake harbor basin area. Harbor basin buoy monitoring unit 15 chooses for use from floating structure, and the equipment of carrying on it can include water quality monitoring instrument, PH meter, thermometer, current meter, sonar, normal position imaging device etc.. The harbor basin buoy monitoring unit 15 monitors disaster-causing objects which have entered the water intake, and through the comparative analysis of the data of the harbor basin buoy monitoring unit 12, the trend of the disaster-causing objects outside the sea entering the water intake can be grasped, and the strong indication effect on the intrusion judgment of the disaster-causing objects is achieved.
The water taking harbor basin is an emergency operation area of a nuclear power plant, can be provided with a certain number of operation ships 18 and is used for performing work such as normalization inspection, overhaul and the like on interception and various monitoring units, and when large-scale disaster-causing objects are exploded, operations such as temporarily additionally arranging an interception net, manually performing emergency salvage and the like can be performed in the emergency operation area so as to reduce the interception load of a rear-end interception unit.
Aiming at the micro algae in marine organisms, such as phaeocystis globosa, noctiluca and the like, the individual size of the micro algae is usually below millimeter level and is difficult to effectively intercept through the interception net, so that the movable spraying device 16 is configured on the shore base at the two sides of the water taking open channel, and the disinfecting and killing liquid is oppositely sprayed to the seawater and can disinfect the micro algae to generate an aggregation effect, so that the micro algae can be changed into the individual with larger size and can sink to the water bottom or be intercepted by the interception net.
Aiming at large fishes with stronger swimming capability in marine organisms, the fishes can be driven away by utilizing sound waves with specific frequency, and for the purpose, the driving-away device 17 is arranged on the shore bases at two sides of the water taking open channel, and the water taking opening is dissociated by emitting specific sound waves, so that the protection of the specific fishes can be realized, and the blocking of the intercepting unit can be avoided. Large fish are not usually the main disaster causing matter of a nuclear power plant, and such a dislodging device 17 may be deployed as needed based on biological conservation or other specific goals.
In the primary intercepting unit 10, various monitoring signals such as a mobile monitoring device 13, a portal buoy monitoring unit 12, a harbor pool buoy monitoring unit 15, a shore-based video monitoring unit 14 and the like are all accessed to a cold source information comprehensive intelligent platform 50 of a nuclear power plant for displaying, storing and analyzing.
The secondary intercepting unit 20 may include a secondary intercepting net 21 and a first tuck-net intercepting net 22, at least two first monitoring points 23, liquid level monitoring units 24, 25, a floating raft 26, a first operating platform 28, and the like.
The second-stage intercepting net 21 and the first net pocket type intercepting net 22 are arranged at intervals in the water flow direction, and the second-stage intercepting net 21 and the first net pocket type intercepting net 22 are respectively arranged between two opposite revetments of the water taking open channel to intercept seawater passing through the water taking open channel in a full section. According to the water flow direction, the second-stage interception net 21 is positioned at the front end, and the first tuck net type interception net 22 is positioned at the rear end; the secondary interception net 21 is a large-aperture interception net.
The second-stage intercepting net 21 and the first net pocket type intercepting net 22 are fixed by utilizing pile foundations at certain intervals on the cross section of the water taking open channel, full-section intercepting is achieved through common enclosing of the pile foundations and the water taking open channel revetment, and all seawater can be intercepted and filtered through the second-stage intercepting net 21 and the first net pocket type intercepting net 22.
The second-stage intercepting net 21 and the first pocket type intercepting net 22 are required to normally play an intercepting function under a high water level in a hundred years and a low water level in a hundred years, can resist 14-stage typhoon and wave action of more than 1m, can resist disaster outbreak strength of a design standard in a hundred years, and does not integrally damage the water taking safety of an important plant water system of a nuclear island under the condition that a design benchmark safety shut-down earthquake occurs in the nuclear power plant.
Wherein, the aperture of the second grade interception net 21 is 50mm, the second grade interception net is a plane net or a triangle net, the second grade interception net is used for intercepting and filtering large-scale marine organisms, floaters and the like larger than 50mm, and the net body is made of materials such as high molecular polyethylene, nylon and the like. A first tension meter can be arranged on a cable of the secondary intercepting net 21 as required, the stress condition of the cable is monitored in real time, and corresponding actions of a power plant can be arranged through the setting of an early warning value.
The first monitoring point 23 is arranged upstream of the secondary interceptor net 21. Every first monitoring point 23 can set up the sonar, miniature biological monitoring unit, video monitoring unit etc. under water, the scope of sonar monitoring should be able to cover whole water intaking section, miniature biological monitoring unit and video monitoring unit under water are "point" monitoring, need not cover whole water intaking section, it should be representative to set up the point location, arrange usually on the main water inlet flow line of water intaking open channel, the "point" monitoring of "face" monitoring combination miniature biological monitoring unit and video monitoring unit under water of sonar, realize the all-weather real-time supervision to marine organism with the combination monitoring mode of "point face" combination.
A first passing bridge which is connected between two revetments of the water taking open channel in a crossing way and corresponds to the position of the first net bag type intercepting net 22 is arranged on the water taking open channel; the first passing bridge mainly comprises a bridge floor, a pile foundation and the like. The bridge floor of the first passing bridge is used for vehicle passing, and the pile foundation is used for hanging the first pocket type intercepting net 22. In a plurality of pile foundations below the first passing bridge, a through-flow span is formed between every two adjacent pile foundations, and each through-flow span is provided with a set of first pocket type intercepting net 22.
The first tuck net type intercepting net 22 is a three-dimensional tuck net which adopts a three-piece structure, the total width can reach 15m, the depth can reach 15m, the length can reach 30m or more, the first tuck net type intercepting net has a large flow area, and the flow area of each set of first tuck net type intercepting net 22 is larger than 1000m 2 Each set of the first tuck net type intercepting net 22 has intercepting capacity not less than 4.5 tons (marine life, floating objects and the like). The mesh aperture of the first tuck-net type intercepting net 22 can be selected between 20mm and 5mm according to the characteristics of disaster-causing objects, mainly small marine organisms and floaters are intercepted, and the underwater continuous working time is not less than 15 days. The net body of the first tuck-pocket type intercepting net 22 is generally made of materials such as high molecular polyethylene, nylon and the like.
Each first tuck net type intercepting net 22 all sets up the tensiometer, and the marine organism gross condition that the real-time supervision hawser atress condition was attached to and was intercepted through the hawser atress instruction first tuck net type intercepting net 22 sets up according to the early warning value, can arrange corresponding power plant action.
On the bridge floor of first passing bridge, still can reserve the work point position that has portable sprinkler, portable sprinkler transports the bridge floor through the vehicle after, implements the operation of spraying at the bridge floor, realizes the processing work to the microalgae.
In order to clean the working area 1, a floating raft 26 is provided in the water area downstream of the first tuck-net 22 in the cleaning working area 1, i.e., downstream of the first tuck-net 22. The floating mat 26 is made of high molecular polyethylene material, can float on the water surface, and can move up and down freely along with the sea water tide level.
The floating raft 26 is used as a working platform for personnel in the power plant, and the personnel can clear marine organisms, floating objects and the like intercepted in the first tuck net type intercepting net 22 on the floating raft 26. The floating mat 26 may be adapted for a variety of cleaning means, such as manual cleaning or cleaning with a suction pump.
One end of the floating raft 26 is provided with a sundries transferring device 27, and sundries such as marine organisms and floating objects cleaned from the first tuck-in intercepting net 22 are transferred to the shore through the sundries transferring device 27, and finally fishery recycling or ecological disposal is carried out.
A first work platform 28 is also located in the cleaning region 1 and extends from a bank protection of the open water intake channel toward the center of the open water intake channel. The first operation platform 28 is located downstream of the first tuck net 22, and its elevation is higher than the average high tide level, and is used as a working platform for the operation and maintenance personnel to park the operation ship.
The first work platform 28 is connected to the land area (the area where the revetment of the open water access canal is connected) by stairs for personnel access and by skids for material transport.
In order to monitor the head loss condition of water flow passing through the second-stage intercepting net 21 and the first tuck-net intercepting net 22, liquid level monitoring units 24 and 25 are respectively arranged in front of and behind the second-stage intercepting net 21 and the first tuck-net intercepting net 22, and head loss data are displayed in real time.
In the second grade interception unit 20, various monitoring signals such as sonar, miniature biological monitoring unit, video monitoring unit under water and first tensiometer, liquid level monitoring unit 24, 25 in the first monitoring point 23 all insert nuclear power plant's cold source information and synthesize wisdom platform 50 and show, store and analysis work.
The tertiary interception unit 30 may include a second pocketed interception net 31, at least one second monitoring point 32.
The smallest mesh aperture of the second tuck-pocket type intercepting net 31 can reach 2mm, and the main intercepting target is small or extremely small marine organisms.
A second access bridge which is connected between the two revetments of the water taking open channel in a crossing way and corresponds to the position of the second net bag type intercepting net 31 is arranged on the water taking open channel; the second pass-through bridge mainly comprises a pile platform, a pile foundation and the like. The pile platform of the second pass bridge is used as a personnel operation and equipment platform, and the pile foundation is used for hanging the second net-bag type intercepting net 31. In a plurality of pile foundations below the second access bridge, a through-flow span is formed between every two adjacent pile foundations, and each through-flow span is provided with a set of second pocket type intercepting net 31.
The second tuck net type intercepting net 31 is a three-dimensional tuck net, the tuck net adopts a three-spliced structure, the total width can reach 15m, the depth can reach 15m, the length can reach 30m or more, the second tuck net type intercepting net has a large flow area, and the flow area of each set of second tuck net type intercepting net 31 is larger than 1000m 2 Each set of the second tuck net type intercepting net 31 has intercepting capacity not less than 4.5 tons (marine organisms, floaters and the like).
When the second tuck net 31 of 2mm is used, the underwater continuous working time is generally 1 to 2 days. According to needs, each set of second tucking net 31 can be provided with a tension meter, the stress condition of the mooring rope is monitored in real time, the total amount of marine organisms attached to and intercepted by the second tucking net 31 is indicated through the stress of the mooring rope, and corresponding actions of the power plant can be arranged according to the setting of an early warning value.
At second net pocket formula interception net 31 upper reaches, as required, can set up at least one second monitoring point 32, second monitoring point 32 can set up and be equipped with sonar, microorganism monitoring unit and video monitoring unit under water, and first monitoring point 23 can be referred to in the effect.
Through the quantity comparison of marine organisms monitored by a plurality of monitoring units, the intercepting effect of each intercepting net on the marine organisms can be analyzed, the integrity of each intercepting net can be indicated, and the power plant can conveniently and timely carry out maintenance operation.
The waters at the downstream of the second tuck-net type intercepting net 31 are used for cleaning the working area 2, and marine organisms, floaters and the like intercepted by the second tuck-net type intercepting net 31 by workers in the cleaning working area 2 through water ships are cleaned. The cleaning operation area 2 is provided with a second operation platform 33, the second operation platform 33 extends from a revetment of the water taking open channel to the center direction of the water taking open channel, and the elevation of the second operation platform is higher than the average high tide level and is used as a working platform for the operation ship to stop and operate and maintain personnel. The second operation platform 33 is connected with the land area through a stair and a slide way, wherein the stair is used for personnel to pass through, and the slide way can be used for material transportation.
In the tertiary interception unit 30, various monitoring signals such as sonar, miniature biological monitoring unit, video monitoring unit under water and second tensiometer in the second monitoring point 32 all access the comprehensive wisdom platform 50 of nuclear power plant cold source information and show, store and analysis work.
The fourth-stage intercepting unit 40 includes a bottom net 41. The bag bottom net 41 is used for intercepting all levels of upstream possibly damaged intercepting net pieces, and the damaged intercepting net pieces are prevented from directly entering a water taking pump room of a nuclear power plant. The mesh aperture of the bottom-covering net 41 can be 100mm, and the material is usually a high molecular polyethylene net.
Two ends of the bottom pocket net 41 are respectively fixed on shore-based anchor piers 102 of two opposite revetments of the water taking open channel through cables, the joints of the cables and the shore-based anchor piers 102 on two sides can be provided with tension meters 42, and tension signals of the tension meters 42 are connected into the cold source information comprehensive intelligent platform 50 of the nuclear power plant to be displayed, stored and analyzed.
The intelligent cold source comprehensive information platform 50 of the nuclear power plant is used for storing, analyzing, displaying, alarming and the like all access information in a water taking facility in an entrance way, and can prompt actions to be carried out by power plant operating personnel.
According to the received monitoring information, three levels of early warning responses are set, the levels are cold source three-level response, cold source two-level response and cold source one-level response from low to high, the response of each level has actions suitable for the response, and therefore the safety of the cold source of the nuclear power plant is guaranteed by means of 'technology + management'.
The index name of the intrusion intensity of the disaster-causing substances such as marine organisms, floaters and the like is 'the volume density of the disaster-causing substances of unit water intake amount' (equivalent to volume ratio), and the unit is (m) 3 Disaster object)/(m 3 Water body) in the nuclear power plant cold source comprehensive information intelligent platform 50, the disaster-causing object invasion intensity index value can be displayed in real time, and the initial value is calibrated, so that a corresponding working instruction is sent.
The comprehensive information intelligent platform 50 for the cold source of the nuclear power plant can establish an information interaction mechanism with an ocean monitoring center, a meteorological department, a government agency and a master control room of the nuclear power plant, and under daily and emergency working conditions, the comprehensive information intelligent platform 50 for the cold source of the nuclear power plant is a decision and command center of the cold source of the nuclear power plant.
In summary, the present invention realizes a matrix relationship of two dimensions + one platform, which is specifically shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1
The safety comprehensive defense system for the cold source of the nuclear power plant can be analyzed and then adaptively adjusted according to different plant site conditions and the intrusion characteristics of the disaster causing objects, and the number of the safety comprehensive defense system can be unfixed.
The software and hardware facilities in the safety comprehensive defense system for the cold source of the nuclear power plant form a complete permanent process system of the nuclear power plant, the permanent process system covers the whole life of design, construction, operation and the like of the nuclear power plant, is synchronous with the construction of the nuclear power plant, forms a complete water taking and filtering system with a circulating water filtering system positioned in a water taking pump room, and needs to compile a system design manual, a system operation program, an equipment operation and maintenance manual and the like so as to guide the operation and maintenance of the cold source facilities by the nuclear power plant.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (19)
1. A nuclear power plant cold source safety comprehensive fortification system is characterized by comprising a first-stage interception unit, a second-stage interception unit, a third-stage interception unit and a fourth-stage interception unit which are sequentially arranged in the direction of water flow entering a nuclear power plant;
the primary intercepting unit comprises a port door intercepting net arranged at the water intake, and at least two port door buoy monitoring units which are arranged on the outer side of the port door intercepting net corresponding to the two opposite sides of the water intake;
the second-stage intercepting unit comprises second-stage intercepting nets and first tuck net type intercepting nets which are arranged at intervals in the water flow direction and used for intercepting the sea water passing through the water taking open channel in a full section;
the third-stage intercepting unit comprises a second tuck-net type intercepting net, and the aperture of the smallest mesh of the second tuck-net type intercepting net is 2mm;
the four-stage intercepting unit comprises a bottom net; two ends of the bottom-covering net are respectively fixed on two opposite shores of the water taking open channel through cables.
2. The nuclear power plant cold source safety comprehensive fortification system according to claim 1, wherein a predetermined height is left between the bottom of the port door interception net and the water bottom, and the top of the port door interception net is higher than the water surface; the aperture of the interception net of the entrance interception net is 50mm-100mm.
3. The nuclear power plant cold source safety comprehensive fortification system according to claim 1, wherein the primary interception unit further comprises a movable monitoring device arranged outside the entrance interception net;
the mobile monitoring device comprises a ship carrying monitoring equipment.
4. The nuclear power plant cold source safety comprehensive defense system according to claim 1, wherein the port buoy monitoring unit is a self-floating structure, and the carried equipment comprises at least one of a water quality monitoring instrument, a PH meter, a thermometer, a flow rate meter, sonar and in-situ imaging equipment.
5. The nuclear power plant cold source safety comprehensive fortification system according to claim 1, wherein the primary interception unit further comprises a shore-based video monitoring unit respectively arranged on the water intake breakwater at both sides of the water intake; the monitoring range of the shore-based video monitoring unit covers a water taking through-flow water area comprising a water taking port, a water taking harbor basin and a water taking open channel.
6. The nuclear power plant cold source safety comprehensive defense system according to claim 1, wherein the primary intercepting unit further comprises at least one harbor basin buoy monitoring unit arranged in the water intake harbor basin; the harbor basin buoy monitoring unit is used for monitoring water quality parameters and marine organism conditions in a water intake harbor basin area.
7. The nuclear power plant cold source safety comprehensive fortification system according to claim 1, wherein the primary intercepting unit further comprises a movable spraying device arranged on a shore base of the water intake open channel;
the movable spraying device is used for spraying sterilizing liquid to seawater to sterilize the microalgae and generate an aggregation effect.
8. The nuclear power plant cold source safety comprehensive fortification system according to claim 1, wherein the primary intercepting unit further comprises a driving device arranged on a shore base of the water taking open channel;
the driving device is used for emitting sound waves corresponding to the target organisms and driving away the free water intake of the target organisms.
9. The nuclear power plant cold source safety comprehensive fortification system according to claim 1, wherein the aperture of the mesh of the secondary intercepting net is 50mm; the secondary intercepting net is a plane net or a triangular net.
10. The nuclear power plant cold source safety comprehensive fortification system according to claim 1, wherein a first tension meter is arranged on a cable of the secondary intercepting net, and the first tension meter is used for monitoring the stress condition of the cable in real time.
11. The nuclear power plant cold source safety comprehensive fortification system according to claim 1, wherein a first passage bridge which is connected between two revetments of the water intake open channel in a crossing manner and corresponds to the first net bag type intercepting net is arranged on the water intake open channel; in a plurality of pile foundations below the first passing bridge, a through-flow span is formed between every two adjacent pile foundations, and each through-flow span is provided with one set of first pocket type intercepting net.
12. The nuclear power plant cold source safety comprehensive fortification system according to claim 1, wherein the secondary interception unit further comprises at least two first monitoring points arranged upstream of the secondary interception net;
each first monitoring point is provided with a sonar, a microorganism monitoring unit and an underwater video monitoring unit.
13. The nuclear power plant cold source safety comprehensive fortification system according to claim 1, wherein the secondary intercepting unit further comprises a floating raft arranged downstream of the first tuck-in intercepting net.
14. The nuclear power plant cold source safety comprehensive defense system according to claim 1, wherein the secondary intercepting unit further comprises liquid level monitoring units respectively disposed upstream of the secondary intercepting net and downstream of the first tuck net.
15. The nuclear power plant cold source safety comprehensive defense system according to claim 1, wherein the secondary intercepting unit further comprises a first operating platform extending from a revetment of the water intake open channel to the center of the water intake open channel; the first operation platform is located at the downstream of the first tuck net type intercepting net, the elevation of the first operation platform is higher than the average high tide level, and the first operation platform is used as a working platform for the operation ship to park and the operation and maintenance personnel.
16. The nuclear power plant cold source safety comprehensive fortification system according to claim 1, wherein a second access bridge which is connected between two revetments of the water intake open channel in a crossing manner and corresponds to the second tuck-bag type intercepting net is arranged on the water intake open channel; and in the plurality of pile foundations below the second access bridge, a through-flow span is formed between every two adjacent pile foundations, and each through-flow span is provided with one set of second pocket type intercepting net.
17. The nuclear power plant cold source safety comprehensive fortification system according to claim 1, wherein the third-level intercepting unit further comprises at least one second monitoring point arranged upstream of the tuck-in type intercepting net;
the second monitoring point is provided with a sonar, a microorganism monitoring unit and an underwater video monitoring unit.
18. The nuclear power plant cold source safety comprehensive defense system according to claim 1, wherein the tertiary intercepting unit further comprises a second operation platform extending from a revetment of the water intake open channel to the center of the water intake open channel; and the second operating platform is positioned at the downstream of the second tuck-net type intercepting net, and the elevation of the second operating platform is higher than the average high tide level and is used as a working platform for the berthing of the working ship and the operation and maintenance personnel.
19. The nuclear power plant cold source safety comprehensive fortification system according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein a second tension meter is arranged on a cable of the bottom-pocket net, and the second tension meter is used for monitoring the stress condition of the cable in real time.
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| CN202211078042.8A CN115341514A (en) | 2022-09-05 | 2022-09-05 | Cold source safety comprehensive fortification system for nuclear power plant |
| PCT/CN2022/139139 WO2024051023A1 (en) | 2022-09-05 | 2022-12-14 | Comprehensive fortification system for cold source safety of nuclear power plant |
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| CN202211078042.8A CN115341514A (en) | 2022-09-05 | 2022-09-05 | Cold source safety comprehensive fortification system for nuclear power plant |
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| WO2024051023A1 (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2024-03-14 | 中广核工程有限公司 | Comprehensive fortification system for cold source safety of nuclear power plant |
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