CN115341153A - Bar for new energy automobile motor shaft and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Bar for new energy automobile motor shaft and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115341153A
CN115341153A CN202211072737.5A CN202211072737A CN115341153A CN 115341153 A CN115341153 A CN 115341153A CN 202211072737 A CN202211072737 A CN 202211072737A CN 115341153 A CN115341153 A CN 115341153A
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equal
less
motor shaft
new energy
energy automobile
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CN202211072737.5A
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Inventor
郭子强
李海洋
秦萱
汪寿伟
周杨
赵大志
江雁
戴忠伟
邓伟
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Nanjing Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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Nanjing Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202211072737.5A priority Critical patent/CN115341153A/en
Publication of CN115341153A publication Critical patent/CN115341153A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2023/112816 priority patent/WO2024046101A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/16Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B37/00Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
    • B21B37/74Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/001Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B22D11/18Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/06Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
    • C21D8/065Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires of ferrous alloys
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C33/00Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a bar for a new energy automobile motor shaft and a preparation method thereof, relating to the technical field of steel production, wherein the bar comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.14-0.21%, si is less than or equal to 0.40%, mn: 1.00-1.40%, P is less than or equal to 0.025%, S: 0.010-0.035%, cr:0.80% -1.20%, mo: 0.10-0.20%, al: 0.020-0.050%, less than or equal to 0.00015% of H, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The steel grade can well bear the stable running requirement of the electric automobile with high rotating speed and high torque.

Description

Bar for new energy automobile motor shaft and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel production, in particular to a bar for a new energy automobile motor shaft and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, under the guidance of international carbon emission targets, the sales of automobiles using fuel oil and gas are continuously sliding down, while the sales of automobiles using clean electric energy are on the contrary, and domestic and foreign passenger automobile enterprises start a transition plan successively. However, compared with fuel automobiles, electric automobiles have more strict requirements on various indexes of steel. The acceleration of the fuel automobile is a process of gear shifting step by step, the rotating speed of a transmission system of the fuel automobile is increased step by step, and different part loads are adopted at different rotating speeds. The acceleration process of the electric vehicle is the reverse: on one hand, a gear shifting system is not arranged, the same set of transmission parts are used no matter the rotating speed is high or low, on the other hand, the instant of starting the electric automobile is the instant of maximum output torque, and the starting process has great challenge on the obdurability of the whole system. In addition, the maximum engine speed of a fuel automobile is about 3000-5000Rpm, and the engine speed of an electric automobile is generally more than 10000 Rpm. Therefore, the new energy automobile puts more rigorous requirements on the comprehensive performance of the steel material for the transmission system. The invention aims to develop a special steel bar for a motor shaft, which has high strength and long fatigue life, and the strength and the uniform and fine austenite grain size of the material can bear the creep fatigue requirement under the high rotating speed of 10000 Rpm.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a bar for a motor shaft of a new energy automobile, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.14-0.21%, si is less than or equal to 0.40%, mn: 1.00-1.40%, P is less than or equal to 0.025%, S: 0.010-0.035%, cr: 0.80-1.20%, mo: 0.10-0.20%, al: 0.020-0.050%, H less than or equal to 0.00015%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. .
The invention further defines the technical scheme that:
the bar for the motor shaft of the new energy automobile comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.15-0.20%, si is less than or equal to 0.35%, mn: 1.10-1.40%, P is less than or equal to 0.025%, S: 0.015-0.035%, cr:1.00% -1.20%, mo: 0.10-0.20%, al: 0.020-0.050%, less than or equal to 0.00015% of H, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The bar for the motor shaft of the new energy automobile comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.16-0.20%, si is less than or equal to 0.30%, mn: 1.20-1.35%, P is less than or equal to 0.025%, S: 0.010-0.035%, cr: 1.00-1.20%, mo: 0.13-0.18%, al: 0.020-0.050%, less than or equal to 0.00015% of H, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of a bar for a motor shaft of a new energy automobile, which comprises the following steps of electric furnace/converter smelting → LF refining → RH/VD refining → continuous casting → casting blank heating → casting blank rolling → rolled material stacking cooling → ultrasonic flaw detection + magnetic flux leakage flaw detection → packing and warehousing, and specifically comprises the following steps:
electric furnace/converter smelting: controlling the content of C at the smelting end point to be more than or equal to 0.06 percent and P to be less than or equal to 0.020 percent, tapping at the eccentric furnace bottom of an electric furnace, remaining more than or equal to 8 tons of steel, stopping slag by adopting a sliding plate in a converter, remaining more than or equal to 1 ton of steel, carrying out alloying treatment during tapping, and simultaneously adding lime, refining slag and fluorite for slagging;
LF refining: feeding an aluminum wire through a wire feeding machine in the early stage, controlling the Al content to be 0.030% -0.060%, performing diffusion deoxidation by adopting SiC + Al powder in the whole process, and simultaneously finely adjusting the components of each element to ensure that the TFe content in the slag at the refining end point is less than or equal to 0.4%, wherein the content of each element reaches a target range;
RH/VD refining: high vacuum is adopted for removing H for a long time, the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 100Pa, the vacuum holding time is more than or equal to 20min, and the content of H in the molten steel after dehydrogenation is less than or equal to 0.00015 percent;
and (3) continuous casting: large-section casting blank production is adopted, and casting with high superheat degree of 35-45 ℃ is adopted in the continuous casting process;
heating a casting blank: heating by adopting a high-temperature diffusion process, wherein the soaking temperature is 1100-1200 ℃, and the total heating time is more than or equal to 360min;
casting blank rolling: performing temperature-controlled rolling by adopting a KOCKS rolling mill, wherein the inlet temperature of the KOCKS rolling mill is 800-830 ℃, and cooling by water before entering the KOCKS;
cold stacking of rolled materials: rapidly collecting the heap cooling after rolling, wherein the temperature of the beginning of the heap cooling is more than or equal to 350 ℃, the temperature of the end of the heap cooling is less than or equal to 100 ℃, and further removing the H element;
ultrasonic wave + magnetic leakage flaw detection: the ultrasonic flaw detection is carried out according to the 2-level precision in GB/T37566, the maximum defect in a rolled material is ensured to be within phi 0.5 multiplied by 6.4mm, the magnetic leakage flaw detection is carried out according to the N-0.2mm precision, and the maximum defect depth on the surface of the rolled material is ensured to be within 0.2 mm.
According to the preparation method of the bar for the motor shaft of the new energy automobile, the critical through-hardening diameter of the material reaches 60mm.
According to the preparation method of the bar for the motor shaft of the new energy automobile, the material is kept for 6 hours at the high temperature of 950-980 ℃, fine austenite grains are still kept, and the grain size reaches more than 7 grades.
According to the preparation method of the bar for the motor shaft of the new energy automobile, the impact energy of the material at the low temperature of-20 ℃ is more than 30J.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention can effectively ensure the obdurability matching of the motor shaft for the new energy automobile, the critical through-quenching diameter reaches 60mm, and the requirement of the core hardness of the motor shaft of each size model can be fully met; in the carburizing process of the motor shaft, the high-temperature austenite steel can be kept for 6 hours at the high temperature of 950-980 ℃, still fine austenite grains are kept, the grain size reaches more than 7 grades, and the fatigue life of the motor shaft at high rotating speed is further ensured; the low-temperature impact energy reaches more than 30J at the temperature of minus 20 ℃, and the impact load to a motor shaft when the automobile starts in winter in most of the whole world can be borne;
(2) According to the invention, large-section casting blank production is adopted, so that a sufficient compression ratio in the rolling process is ensured, and the defects of loose core, shrinkage cavity and the like are overcome; in the continuous casting process, the casting is carried out at the high superheat degree of 35-45 ℃ to develop a columnar crystal area and compress an isometric crystal area, so as to obtain good cross section component uniformity;
(3) According to the invention, before entering KOCKS, water cooling is carried out to ensure low-temperature rolling and obtain fine rolling structure, and the toughness of the material is improved by utilizing fine grain reinforcement, so that the requirements of a new energy automobile on a use environment with high rotating speed and high torque are met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a gold phase diagram of grade 9.0 austenite grain size after 6 hours of carburization at 980 ℃ in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The rod for the motor shaft of the new energy automobile provided by the embodiment takes a continuous casting billet with a cross section of 250 multiplied by 300mm as a blank, and rolls round steel with a specification of phi 45-120 mm. The production process flow is as follows: electric furnace/converter smelting → LF refining → RH/VD refining → continuous casting → casting blank heating → casting blank rolling → rolled material stack cooling → ultrasonic flaw detection + magnetic leakage flaw detection → packing and warehousing,
smelting: primary refining furnace end point C:0.07 percent, less than or equal to 0.011 percent and 10 tons of retained steel;
LF refining: early Al content of 0.053%, and end-point slag TFe:0.25 percent, and the content of each element reaches the target range;
RH/VD refining: the vacuum degree is 66Pa, the vacuum maintaining time is 22min, and the H content of the molten steel is detected to be 0.00011 percent;
alloy components: c:0.18%, si:0.25%, mn:1.25%, P:0.010%, S:0.025%, cr:1.05%, mo:0.16%, al:0.025%, H:0.00011 percent, and all elements are in the required range of the invention;
continuous casting: the section of a casting blank is 250 multiplied by 300mm, the casting superheat degree is 39-42 ℃, and the isometric crystal rate is 27%;
heating: the heating time is 382min, and the heating temperature is 1173 ℃;
casting blank rolling: controlling the inlet temperature of a KOCKS rolling mill to 817-825 ℃ by penetrating water in the rolling process;
cold stacking of rolled materials: starting temperature 371 ℃, ending temperature 73 ℃;
flaw detection: the ultrasonic flaw detection precision is phi 0.5 multiplied by 6.4mm, the magnetic leakage flaw detection precision is N-0.2mm, and the flaw detection is qualified.
The product properties were as follows:
and (3) carrying out heat preservation at 980 ℃ for 6h, detecting austenite grain size of 9.0 grade after water quenching, and carrying out hardenability: j10-37HRC and J15-32HRC, 1.0 grade of banded tissue after isothermal normalizing, rm-1237MPa of tensile strength, rel-1031MPa of lower yield strength, A-18.5% of elongation after fracture, Z-67% of reduction of area, and KV2-37J at the environment of-20 ℃.
The motor shaft has good performance, can well meet the use requirements of the motor shaft of the new energy automobile, and has good detection on various performance indexes of the finished motor shaft processed by a user and passing of a fatigue test.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a new energy automobile is rod for motor shaft which characterized in that: the chemical components and the mass percentage are as follows: c: 0.14-0.21%, si is less than or equal to 0.40%, mn: 1.00-1.40%, P is less than or equal to 0.025%, S: 0.010-0.035%, cr:0.80% -1.20%, mo: 0.10-0.20%, al: 0.020-0.050%, less than or equal to 0.00015% of H, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
2. The bar material for the motor shaft of the new energy automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the chemical components and the mass percentage are as follows: c: 0.15-0.20%, si is less than or equal to 0.35%, mn: 1.10-1.40%, P is less than or equal to 0.025%, S: 0.015-0.035%, cr:1.00% -1.20%, mo: 0.10-0.20%, al: 0.020-0.050%, less than or equal to 0.00015% of H, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
3. The bar for the motor shaft of the new energy automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the chemical components and the mass percentage are as follows: c: 0.16-0.20%, si is less than or equal to 0.30%, mn: 1.20-1.35%, P is less than or equal to 0.025%, S: 0.010-0.035%, cr:1.00% -1.20%, mo: 0.13-0.18%, al: 0.020-0.050%, less than or equal to 0.00015% of H, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
4. A preparation method of a bar for a new energy automobile motor shaft is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method is applied to any one of claims 1 to 3, and comprises electric furnace/converter smelting → LF refining → RH/VD refining → continuous casting → casting blank heating → casting blank rolling → rolled material stacking and cooling → ultrasonic flaw detection + magnetic leakage flaw detection → packaging and warehousing, and specifically:
electric furnace/converter smelting: controlling the content of C at the smelting end point to be more than or equal to 0.06 percent and P to be less than or equal to 0.020 percent, tapping at the eccentric furnace bottom of an electric furnace, remaining more than or equal to 8 tons of steel, stopping slag by adopting a sliding plate in a converter, remaining more than or equal to 1 ton of steel, carrying out alloying treatment during tapping, and simultaneously adding lime, refining slag and fluorite for slagging;
LF refining: feeding an aluminum wire through a wire feeding machine in the early stage, controlling the Al content to be 0.030% -0.060%, performing diffusion deoxidation by adopting SiC + Al powder in the whole process, and simultaneously finely adjusting the components of each element to ensure that the TFe content in the slag at the refining end point is less than or equal to 0.4%, wherein the content of each element reaches the target range;
RH/VD refining: high vacuum is adopted for removing H for a long time, the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 100Pa, the vacuum holding time is more than or equal to 20min, and the content of H in the molten steel after dehydrogenation is less than or equal to 0.00015 percent;
and (3) continuous casting: large-section casting blank production is adopted, and casting with high superheat degree of 35-45 ℃ is adopted in the continuous casting process;
heating a casting blank: heating by adopting a high-temperature diffusion process, wherein the soaking temperature is 1100-1200 ℃, and the total heating time is more than or equal to 360min;
casting blank rolling: performing temperature-controlled rolling by adopting a KOCKS rolling mill, wherein the inlet temperature of the KOCKS rolling mill is 800-830 ℃, and cooling with water before entering the KOCKS;
cold stacking of rolled materials: rapidly collecting the heap cooling after rolling, wherein the temperature of the beginning of the heap cooling is more than or equal to 350 ℃, the temperature of the end of the heap cooling is less than or equal to 100 ℃, and further removing the H element;
ultrasonic wave + magnetic leakage flaw detection: the ultrasonic flaw detection is carried out according to the 2-level precision in GB/T37566, the maximum defect in a rolled material is ensured to be within phi 0.5 multiplied by 6.4mm, the magnetic leakage flaw detection is carried out according to the precision of N-0.2mm, and the maximum defect depth on the surface of the rolled material is ensured to be within 0.2 mm.
5. The method for preparing the bar material for the motor shaft of the new energy automobile according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the critical through-hardening diameter of the material reaches 60mm.
6. The method for preparing the bar for the motor shaft of the new energy automobile according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the following steps: the material is kept for 6 hours at the high temperature of 950-980 ℃, still keeps fine austenite grains, and the grain size reaches more than 7 grades.
7. The method for preparing the bar for the motor shaft of the new energy automobile according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the following steps: the impact energy of the material at the low temperature of-20 ℃ reaches more than 30J.
CN202211072737.5A 2022-09-02 2022-09-02 Bar for new energy automobile motor shaft and preparation method thereof Pending CN115341153A (en)

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PCT/CN2023/112816 WO2024046101A1 (en) 2022-09-02 2023-08-14 Bar for motor shaft of new energy vehicle and preparation method therefor

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024046101A1 (en) * 2022-09-02 2024-03-07 南京钢铁股份有限公司 Bar for motor shaft of new energy vehicle and preparation method therefor

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JP2021038439A (en) * 2019-09-04 2021-03-11 日鉄ステンレス株式会社 Ferritic stainless steel bar, automobile fuel system component and automobile fuel system member
CN113953477A (en) * 2021-10-27 2022-01-21 张家港宏昌钢板有限公司 Core high-density continuous casting thick plate blank and production method thereof
CN114941101A (en) * 2022-04-18 2022-08-26 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 Steel for automobile engine bearing sleeve and production method thereof

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CN102703817B (en) * 2012-06-29 2014-04-16 中天钢铁集团有限公司 Free-machining pinion steel and production technique thereof
AU2020103572A4 (en) * 2018-05-25 2021-02-04 Nanjing Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. Ultra-fine grained high-strength steel plate with 1100 mpa-grade yield strength and production method thereof
CN115341153A (en) * 2022-09-02 2022-11-15 南京钢铁股份有限公司 Bar for new energy automobile motor shaft and preparation method thereof

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2021038439A (en) * 2019-09-04 2021-03-11 日鉄ステンレス株式会社 Ferritic stainless steel bar, automobile fuel system component and automobile fuel system member
CN113953477A (en) * 2021-10-27 2022-01-21 张家港宏昌钢板有限公司 Core high-density continuous casting thick plate blank and production method thereof
CN114941101A (en) * 2022-04-18 2022-08-26 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 Steel for automobile engine bearing sleeve and production method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024046101A1 (en) * 2022-09-02 2024-03-07 南京钢铁股份有限公司 Bar for motor shaft of new energy vehicle and preparation method therefor

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Application publication date: 20221115