CN115338686B

CN115338686B - Machine tool spindle

Info

Publication number: CN115338686B
Application number: CN202211271620.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周一波; 陈烨; 汤俊; 李敬
Original assignee: Jiangsu Weize Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Weize Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-10-18
Filing date: 2022-10-18
Publication date: 2022-12-13
Anticipated expiration: 2042-10-18
Also published as: CN115338686A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of processing machine tools, in particular to a main shaft of a processing machine tool, which comprises: the device comprises a main shaft assembly, a lubricating assembly and a heat radiating assembly; the spindle assembly comprises an axle box, a bearing arranged on the inner side of the axle box, a first shaft body and a second shaft body which are assembled in the bearing and are spliced together, and shaft end covers which are connected to two sides of the axle box and are used for fixing the first shaft body and the second shaft body; the lubrication assembly is disposed inside the axle housing. According to the invention, through the lubricating component, the oil storage tank can be arranged in the main shaft for storing oil, and lubricating oil is continuously discharged and sucked under the action of the electromagnetic valve and the oil pump, so that the bearing is fully lubricated in the process, meanwhile, heat around the bearing can be carried away by the lubrication, the heat is introduced into the lubricating oil in the oil storage tank, and the lubricating component is subsequently utilized to dissipate heat, so that the heat dissipation is realized while the lubricating oil is circularly supplemented.

Description

Machine tool spindle

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of processing machines, in particular to a spindle of a processing machine tool.

Background

The machining machine tool is a machine for manufacturing machines, plays an important role in national economy and modernization construction, is mainly a machine tool for turning a rotating workpiece by using a turning tool, can also be used for correspondingly machining a drill bit, a reamer, a screw tap, a die, a knurling tool and the like on the turning tool, is mainly used for machining a shaft, a disc, a sleeve and other workpieces with rotating surfaces, and is a type of machining equipment which is most widely used in machinery manufacturing and repairing factories.

The main shaft is the axle that is used for giving the processing head power among the machine tool, the main shaft drives the processing head under certain speed rotates and processes the work piece, nevertheless can produce a large amount of heats between high-speed pivoted main shaft and the bearing, the bearing at main shaft both ends is in the operating condition always, produce high temperature not only can accelerate the volatilization of lubricating oil, make the high friction operation of bearing, but also a large amount of heats still have the potential safety hazard, need regularly supplementary lubricating oil and heat dissipation, consequently still lack a machine tool main shaft at present, can realize the heat dissipation when the circulation supplyes lubricating oil.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving one of the technical problems of the prior art or the related art.

Therefore, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a machine tool spindle comprising: the device comprises a main shaft assembly, a lubricating assembly and a heat dissipation assembly; the spindle assembly comprises an axle box, a bearing arranged on the inner side of the axle box, a first shaft body and a second shaft body which are assembled in the bearing and spliced together, and shaft end covers which are connected to two sides of the axle box and used for fixing the first shaft body and the second shaft body; the lubricating component is arranged on the inner side of the axle box and comprises a mounting cavity arranged in the first shaft body and the second shaft body, an oil storage tank clamped in the mounting cavity, an oil outlet pipe connected with the oil storage tank and positioned on the inner side of the bearing, electromagnetic valves respectively embedded in the first shaft body and the second shaft body and connected with the oil outlet pipe, an oil pump arranged on the side of the first shaft body, an oil pumping pipe and an oil discharging pipe connected with the oil pump, a filter tennis ball connected with the end part of the oil pumping pipe and an oil storage tank arranged in the axle box; the end part of the oil pumping pipe is positioned in the oil storage tank, the end part of the oil discharging pipe is connected to the oil storage tank, lubricating oil stored in the oil storage tank flows to the inner side of the bearing through the oil outlet pipe under the control of the electromagnetic valve, the bearing is lubricated while heat generated at the bearing is carried away, then the lubricating oil is retained in the oil storage tank, and the oil pump pumps the lubricating oil through the oil pumping pipe and discharges the lubricating oil into the oil storage tank; the heat dissipation assembly is arranged on the first shaft body and comprises a mounting ring arranged on the first shaft body, a connecting plate inserted in the mounting ring, a fixing bolt connected with the mounting ring in a threaded manner and penetrating through the connecting plate, a wind guide back plate fixed on the outer side of the connecting plate, a lantern ring connected to the side of the wind guide back plate and sleeved on the first shaft body, a fan blade arranged on the lantern ring, an air inlet arranged on the first shaft body and corresponding to the air inlet, a connecting hole arranged on the air inlet and penetrating and connecting the mounting cavity and the air inlet, an air outlet arranged on the second shaft body and penetrating and connecting the mounting cavity, a heat dissipation hole arranged on the shaft end cover and penetrating through the air outlet, and a one-way valve arranged on the shaft end cover and connected with the heat dissipation hole; the diameter value of installation cavity is greater than the external diameter value of oil storage tank for the air current that gets into by the fresh air inlet carries the heat around the oil storage tank and discharges from the louvre.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the inner side end of the first shaft body is provided with a plug-in mounting ring, and the end of the second shaft body is provided with a polygonal groove matched with the plug-in mounting ring.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the inner side of the axle box is an annular inclined surface connected with the oil storage tank.

The invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the oil pumping pipe and the oil discharging pipe are both of high-temperature shaping hard pipe structures.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: and a limiting concave ring positioned in the middle of the oil storage tank is also arranged in the axle box.

The invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the thickness value of the air guide back plate on the fan blade side is gradually reduced from outside to inside.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: and the outer side of the air guide back plate is provided with an air guide ring positioned on the outer side of the fan blade.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: one end of the oil storage tank is in concave-convex clamping connection with the second shaft body, and the other end of the oil storage tank is provided with a cushion block for protecting the first shaft body.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

1. according to the invention, through the lubricating component, the oil storage tank can be arranged in the main shaft for storing oil, and lubricating oil is continuously discharged and sucked under the action of the electromagnetic valve and the oil pump, so that the bearing is fully lubricated in the process, meanwhile, heat around the bearing can be carried away by the lubrication, the heat is introduced into the lubricating oil in the oil storage tank, and the lubricating component is subsequently utilized to dissipate heat, so that the heat dissipation is realized while the lubricating oil is circularly supplemented.

2. According to the invention, through the heat dissipation assembly, the rotation of the main shaft can be utilized to enable the airflow to be discharged into the first shaft body along the air inlet under the action of the fan blades, the entering airflow is discharged along the air exhaust hole and the heat dissipation hole through the side surface of the oil storage tank, and the heat remained by the lubricating oil in the oil storage tank is carried, so that the lubricating oil and the main shaft are dissipated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a machine tool spindle according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a machine tool spindle A according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a side view of a heat sink assembly in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a filter tennis ball according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals are as follows:

100. a spindle assembly; 110. an axle box; 111. a limit concave ring; 120. a bearing; 130. a first shaft body; 131. inserting a ring; 140. a second shaft body; 150. a shaft end cover;

200. a lubrication assembly; 210. a mounting cavity; 220. an oil storage tank; 221. a cushion block; 230. an oil outlet pipe; 240. an electromagnetic valve; 250. an oil pump; 260. an oil pumping pipe; 270. an oil discharge pipe; 280. filtering the tennis balls; 290. an oil storage tank;

300. a heat dissipating component; 310. a mounting ring; 320. a connecting plate; 330. a fixing bolt; 340. an air guide back plate; 341. a wind guide ring; 350. a collar; 360. a fan blade; 370. an air inlet; 380. an air inlet hole; 390. connecting holes; 301. an air exhaust hole; 302. heat dissipation holes; 303. a one-way valve.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following detailed description. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.

The following describes a machine tool spindle provided by some embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The first embodiment is as follows:

referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a spindle of a processing machine tool, including: a spindle assembly 100, a lubrication assembly 200, and a heat dissipation assembly 300;

the spindle assembly 100 includes an axle housing 110, a bearing 120 installed inside the axle housing 110, a first shaft 130 and a second shaft 140 assembled in the bearing 120 and inserted together, and end caps 150 connected to both sides of the axle housing 110 for fixing the first shaft 130 and the second shaft 140.

Specifically, the main shaft consists of a first shaft body 130 and a second shaft body 140, so that the oil storage tank 220 is convenient to install and maintain, the shaft end covers 150 are installed at two ends of the axle box 110 and fix the first shaft body 130 and the second shaft body 140, in addition, the inner side end of the first shaft body 130 is provided with the inserting ring 131, the end part of the second shaft body 140 is provided with a polygonal groove matched with the inserting ring 131, the polygonal inserting structure can ensure that the first shaft body 130 is connected with the second shaft body 140, and the first shaft body 130 can drive the second shaft body 140 to rotate synchronously, so that the main shaft is reasonable.

Furthermore, the inner side of the axle box 110 is an annular slope for connecting the oil storage tank 290, so that the lubricating oil discharged from the oil outlet pipe 230 flows into the oil storage tank 290 along the slope in a rotating state, and further the oil pump 250 is convenient to pump the lubricating oil into the oil storage tank 220 along the oil discharge pipe 270 from the end of the oil pumping pipe 260, so that circulation is realized, and only the lubricating oil in the oil storage tank 220 needs to be filled fully after a long time.

On the other hand, a limit concave ring 111 located in the middle of the oil storage tank 290 is further disposed in the axle box 110 to limit the filter tennis ball 280 therein, so as to prevent the filter tennis ball 280 from swinging during high-speed rotation, thereby improving stability.

The lubrication assembly 200 is disposed inside the axle housing 110, the lubrication assembly 200 includes an installation cavity 210 opened in the first shaft 130 and the second shaft 140, an oil storage tank 220 clamped in the installation cavity 210, an oil outlet pipe 230 connected to the oil storage tank 220 and located inside the bearing 120, a solenoid valve 240 respectively fitted in the first shaft 130 and the second shaft 140 and connected to the oil outlet pipe 230, an oil pump 250 installed at the first shaft 130, an oil pumping pipe 260 and an oil discharging pipe 270 connected to the oil pump 250, a filter tennis ball 280 connected to an end of the oil pumping pipe 260, and an oil storage tank 290 opened in the axle housing 110, the lubrication assembly 200 can be disposed inside the oil storage tank 220 for storing oil in the spindle, and the lubrication oil is continuously discharged and sucked under the action of the solenoid valve 240 and the oil pump 250, in this process, sufficient lubrication is provided for the bearing 120, and the heat around the bearing 120 is carried away, the heat is introduced into the lubrication oil in the oil storage tank 220, and the heat dissipation assembly 200 is subsequently utilized to dissipate heat, thereby realizing the heat dissipation of the lubrication assembly 200 while realizing the circulation of the lubrication oil.

Specifically, the end of the oil pumping pipe 260 is located in the oil storage tank 290, the end of the oil discharging pipe 270 is connected to the oil storage tank 220, the lubricating oil stored in the oil storage tank 220 flows to the inner side of the bearing 120 through the oil outlet pipe 230 under the control of the electromagnetic valve 240, the bearing 120 is lubricated while heat generated at the bearing 120 is carried away, the lubricating oil is retained in the oil storage tank 290, and the oil pump 250 pumps the lubricating oil through the oil pumping pipe 260 and discharges the lubricating oil into the oil storage tank 220.

Furthermore, the oil pumping pipe 260 and the oil discharging pipe 270 both adopt high-temperature shaped hard pipe structures, so that the filtering tennis ball 280 at the end of the oil pumping pipe 260 is always located in the oil storage tank 290 to keep a state of pumping lubricating oil, and the filtering tennis ball 280 is used for filtering impurities in the lubricating oil to prevent blockage.

The heat dissipation assembly 300 is disposed on the first shaft 130, the heat dissipation assembly 300 includes a mounting ring 310 disposed on the first shaft 130, a connecting plate 320 inserted into the mounting ring 310, a fixing bolt 330 threaded to the mounting ring 310 and passing through the connecting plate 320, a wind guide back plate 340 fixed to the outside of the connecting plate 320, a collar 350 connected to the wind guide back plate 340 and sleeved on the first shaft 130, a fan blade 360 mounted on the collar 350, an air inlet 370 disposed on the collar 350, an air inlet 380 disposed on the first shaft 130 and corresponding to the air inlet 370, a connecting hole 390 disposed on the air inlet 380 and connected to the mounting cavity 210 and the heat dissipation hole 380, an air exhaust hole 301 disposed on the second shaft 140 and connected to the mounting cavity 210, a heat dissipation hole 302 disposed on the shaft end cover 150 and connected to the air exhaust hole 302, and a one-way valve 303 disposed on the shaft end cover 150 and connected to the exhaust hole 302, wherein the rotation of the main shaft 300 enables air flow to be exhausted into the interior of the first shaft 130 along the oil storage 370 under the action of the fan blade 360, and the air flow enters the main shaft 220 and carries heat to the lubricating oil.

Specifically, the diameter value of installation cavity 210 is greater than the external diameter value of oil storage tank 220 for the air current that gets into by fresh air inlet 380 carries the heat around the oil storage tank 220 and discharges from louvre 302, can leave the clearance that the air feed passed through around the oil storage tank 220, and oil storage tank 220 adopts the convenient radiating metal material, and the high temperature resistant material need be selected to the accessory and the structure in foretell lubricating component 200 and the radiator unit 300 simultaneously, makes things convenient for the implementation of this scheme.

Further, the air guide back plate 340 is located the thickness value of the fan blade 360 side is gradually reduced from outside to inside, so that the air flow can conveniently enter the air inlet 370 along the inclined plane of the air guide back plate 340 when the fan blade 360 rotates, the air inlet effect is good, and the heat dissipation efficiency is improved.

On the other hand, the air guide ring 341 positioned outside the fan blade 360 is installed outside the air guide back plate 340, and the toll air guide ring 341 can collect the air flow generated by the rotation of the fan blade 360, so that the air inlet effect is further improved, and the heat dissipation is accelerated.

Example two:

with reference to fig. 1, on the basis of the first embodiment, one end of the oil storage tank 220 is in concave-convex clamping connection with the second shaft body 140, the other end of the oil storage tank 220 is provided with a cushion block 221 which is protected by the first shaft body 130, the oil storage tank 220 is arranged in the installation cavity 210 in a portable clamping mode, the oil storage tank 220 and the second shaft body 140 are clamped in a polygonal clamping structure, the oil storage tank 220 is prevented from rotating in the main shaft, the cushion block 221 plays a role in supporting and protecting, the first shaft body 130 is prevented from causing contact damage to the oil storage tank 220, the oil storage tank 220 is more stable, and meanwhile, subsequent maintenance of the oil storage tank 220 is facilitated.

The working principle and the using process of the invention are as follows: firstly, the starting device drives the main shaft to rotate, the rotation of the first shaft body 130 enables the fan blades 360 to rotate, the fan blades 360 rotate to form inward air flow to enter the air guide ring 341, then the air flow passes through the air inlet 370 along the air guide back plate 340 to enter the air inlet hole 380 and then enters the installation cavity 210 through the connecting hole 390, heat around the oil storage tank 220 is carried and discharged from the one-way valve 303 along the air exhaust hole 301 and the heat dissipation hole 302, meanwhile, the electromagnetic valve 240 is opened to enable lubricating oil in the oil storage tank 220 to flow out through the oil outlet pipe 230 and directly flow on the bearing 120, heat generated around the bearing 120 is absorbed while the lubricating oil is lubricated, the subsequently flowing lubricating oil is stored in the oil storage tank 290 along the inclined plane in the axle box 110, the oil pump 250 pumps out the lubricating oil in the oil storage tank 290 through the oil pumping pipe 260 and then discharges into the oil storage tank 220 through the oil outlet pipe 270 to realize circulation, the heat carried by the lubricating oil enters the oil storage tank 220 and then is continuously dissipated into the installation cavity 210.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A machine tool spindle, comprising: a main shaft assembly (100), a lubricating assembly (200) and a heat radiating assembly (300),

the main shaft assembly (100) comprises an axle box (110), a bearing (120) arranged on the inner side of the axle box (110), a first shaft body (130) and a second shaft body (140) which are assembled in the bearing (120) and are spliced together, and shaft end covers (150) which are connected to two sides of the axle box (110) and are used for fixing the first shaft body (130) and the second shaft body (140);

the lubricating assembly (200) is arranged on the inner side of the axle box (110), the lubricating assembly (200) comprises a mounting cavity (210) arranged in the first axle body (130) and the second axle body (140), an oil storage tank (220) clamped in the mounting cavity (210), an oil outlet pipe (230) connected with the oil storage tank (220) and positioned on the inner side of the bearing (120), electromagnetic valves (240) respectively embedded in the first axle body (130) and the second axle body (140) and connected with the oil outlet pipe (230), an oil pump (250) arranged on the side of the first axle body (130), an oil pumping pipe (260) and an oil discharging pipe (270) connected with the oil pump (250), a filtering tennis ball (280) connected with the end part of the oil pumping pipe (260) and an oil storage tank (290) arranged in the axle box (110);

the end part of the oil pumping pipe (260) is positioned in the oil storage tank (290), the end part of the oil discharging pipe (270) is connected to the oil storage tank (220), lubricating oil stored in the oil storage tank (220) flows to the inner side of the bearing (120) through the oil discharging pipe (230) under the control of the electromagnetic valve (240), the bearing (120) is lubricated while heat generated at the bearing (120) is carried away, then the lubricating oil is retained in the oil storage tank (290), and the lubricating oil is pumped out by the oil pump (250) through the oil pumping pipe (260) and then discharged into the oil storage tank (220);

the heat dissipation assembly (300) is arranged on the first shaft body (130), the heat dissipation assembly (300) comprises a mounting ring (310) arranged on the first shaft body (130), a connecting plate (320) inserted into the mounting ring (310), a fixing bolt (330) in threaded connection with the mounting ring (310) and penetrating through the connecting plate (320), an air guide back plate (340) fixed on the outer side of the connecting plate (320), a lantern ring (350) connected to the air guide back plate (340) side and sleeved on the first shaft body (130), fan blades (360) installed on the lantern ring (350), an air inlet (370) opened on the lantern ring (350), heat dissipation holes (380) opened on the first shaft body (130) and corresponding to the air inlet (370), a connecting hole (390) opened on the air inlet hole (380) and connected with the mounting cavity (210) and the air inlet hole (380) in a penetrating manner, an exhaust air valve (302) opened on the second shaft body (140) and connected with the shaft end cover (150) and the exhaust air valve (302) and the one-way end cover (302);

the diameter value of the installation cavity (210) is larger than the outer diameter value of the oil storage tank (220), and the air flow entering through the air inlet hole (380) is used for carrying heat around the oil storage tank (220) to be discharged from the heat dissipation hole (302).

2. The machine tool spindle according to claim 1, wherein an insertion ring (131) is provided at an inner end of the first shaft body (130), and a polygonal groove adapted to the insertion ring (131) is provided at an end of the second shaft body (140).

3. A machine tool spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner side of the axle housing (110) is an annular chamfer engaging the oil reservoir (290).

4. A machine tool spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that the oil suction pipe (260) and the oil discharge pipe (270) are both of high temperature shaped hard pipe structure.

5. A machine tool spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that a concave stop ring (111) is provided in the axle housing (110) in the middle of the oil reservoir (290).

6. A machine tool spindle according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the air guide back plate (340) on the fan blade (360) side decreases gradually from the outside to the inside.

7. A machine tool spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that an air guiding ring (341) is mounted outside the air guiding back plate (340) and outside the fan blades (360).

8. The machine tool spindle according to claim 1, wherein one end of the oil storage tank (220) is in concave-convex clamping connection with the second shaft body (140), and the other end of the oil storage tank (220) is provided with a cushion block (221) which is in cushion protection with the first shaft body (130).