CN115332780A - Ultra-wideband energy selection surface design and optimization method - Google Patents
Ultra-wideband energy selection surface design and optimization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115332780A CN115332780A CN202210734562.3A CN202210734562A CN115332780A CN 115332780 A CN115332780 A CN 115332780A CN 202210734562 A CN202210734562 A CN 202210734562A CN 115332780 A CN115332780 A CN 115332780A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/006—Selective devices having photonic band gap materials or materials of which the material properties are frequency dependent, e.g. perforated substrates, high-impedance surfaces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/27—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using machine learning, e.g. artificial intelligence, neural networks, support vector machines [SVM] or training a model
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
- G06N3/00—Computing arrangements based on biological models
- G06N3/12—Computing arrangements based on biological models using genetic models
- G06N3/126—Evolutionary algorithms, e.g. genetic algorithms or genetic programming
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
- H01Q1/422—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome comprising two or more layers of dielectric material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
- H01Q15/002—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective said selective devices being reconfigurable or tunable, e.g. using switches or diodes
Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-wideband energy selection surface design and optimization method, which belongs to the field of electromagnetic protection design and is used for constructing a three-layer energy selection surface structure of a patch layer, a grid layer and a patch layer, wherein the patch layer is a periodic structure consisting of patch units, the grid layer is a periodic structure consisting of grid units, impedance self-adaption units consisting of transient suppression diodes are loaded in the patch units, and a medium is filled between the layers; and analyzing the structural parameters influencing the performance of the ultra-wideband energy selection surface, and obtaining an optimal solution through a genetic algorithm. The invention not only has the function of low pass and high resistance of the surface, but also has wide working frequency band, and can solve the problem of electromagnetic pulse protection of S-band broadband sensitive electronic equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electromagnetic protection design, and particularly relates to a design and optimization method of an ultra-wideband energy selection surface, which has the characteristic of low pass and high resistance in an energy domain and is suitable for electromagnetic pulse protection of broadband electronic equipment.
Background
With the rapid development of information technology, the radiation power of various radiation sources is higher and higher, so that the working electromagnetic environment of electronic equipment is worse and worse. After the electromagnetic pulse acts on the sensitive electronic equipment, the sensitive electronic equipment is interfered, halted and even damaged.
The electromagnetic pulse protection of electronic equipment refers to technical measures taken to eliminate or reduce the influence of an electromagnetic pulse environment on the electronic equipment, and mainly comprises front door protection and rear door protection. Wherein, the front door protection is a main protection means. At present, most of antenna housings at the front ends of electronic equipment are made of glass fiber reinforced plastics, have low shielding capacity on external electromagnetic pulses and do not have electromagnetic pulse protection capacity; a few electronic equipment front end antenna covers are frequency selective antenna covers, have certain protective capacity for electromagnetic pulse outside a working frequency band, but are ineffective for electromagnetic pulse inside the working frequency band, and in-band electromagnetic pulse can directly penetrate through the frequency selective antenna covers to be coupled to an electronic equipment antenna, so that failure and even damage of sensitive devices of equipment are caused, and normal work of the electronic equipment is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides an ultra-wideband energy selection surface design and optimization method, which not only has the low-pass high-resistance function of the surface, but also has a wide working frequency band, and can solve the problem of electromagnetic pulse protection of S-band broadband sensitive electronic equipment.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for designing and optimizing an ultra-wideband energy selective surface, comprising:
constructing a three-layer energy selection surface structure of a patch layer, a grid layer and a patch layer, wherein the patch layer is a periodic structure consisting of patch units, the grid layer is a periodic structure consisting of grid units, impedance self-adaption units consisting of transient suppression diodes are loaded in the patch units, and media are filled between the layers;
and analyzing the structural parameters influencing the performance of the ultra-wideband energy selection surface, and obtaining an optimal solution through a genetic algorithm.
In some alternative embodiments, the patch unit is composed of four square metal units, the side length of each square metal unit is a, the distance between the square metal units is w, and 4 transient suppression diodes are loaded between the four square metal units respectively.
In some alternative embodiments, the grid cells are cross-shaped, forming a complementary structure with the patch cells, and have a length/and a width w.
In some alternative embodiments, the analysis of structural parameters affecting the performance of an ultra-wideband energy selective surface is performed by:
and constructing a simulation analysis model, wherein a rectangular frame outside the simulation analysis model is a boundary frame, boundary conditions are set to unit cells, and a three-layer energy selection surface structure is arranged inside the simulation analysis model.
In some alternative embodiments, the optimal solution is obtained by a genetic algorithm comprising:
optimally designing structural parameters by adopting a genetic algorithm according to target indexes, wherein the target indexes comprise passband bandwidth, in-band insertion loss and out-of-band rejection, and the structural parameters comprise dielectric layer thickness, grid unit width and grid unit length;
and accumulating and solving each target index according to the weight, so that the solution of the multi-target parameter optimization problem is converted into the optimization solution of a single target, wherein a multi-target fitness function F (i) is as follows:
f i (x) A performance index fitness function, mu, for a certain target index i The weight coefficient corresponding to the target index is n, and the number of the target indexes is n.
In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a design and optimization method of an ultra-wideband energy selection surface, which is characterized in that an ultra-wideband energy selection surface model is established, and after multi-parameter optimization, the model has the characteristic of low pass and high resistance in an energy domain and is suitable for out-of-band coupling protection and in-band coupling protection of S-band sensitive electronic equipment. The invention has clear principle, innovative method and strong engineering practicability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a patch unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention, where a square is metal, a side length is a, and a distance between square metal units is w;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a patch unit of a loading diode according to an embodiment of the present invention, where each patch unit includes 4 transient suppression diodes, a junction capacitance of the transient suppression diode is 0.3pF, and an inductance is 0.3nH;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a grid unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which the grid unit is "cross" -shaped, and the length of the "cross" is l, and the width of the "cross" is w;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic simulation model of a three-layer cascade structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a patch layer, a grid layer, and a patch layer, wherein a medium is filled between the structures, the thickness of the medium layer is h, an external rectangular frame is a Bounding Box, and a protective surface structure unit is arranged inside the structure layer, so that the structure is visually seen, and the intermediate medium layer is hidden;
FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating the performance impact of different dielectric layer thicknesses (h) on an ultra-wideband energy selective surface, provided by embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating the performance impact of different grid element widths (w) on an ultra-wideband energy selective surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 shows the optimized design result of an ultra-wideband energy selection surface according to an embodiment of the present invention, where (a) in fig. 7 is a transmission characteristic curve of the protection surface when a normal signal passes through, and (b) in fig. 7 is a shielding characteristic curve of the protection surface when a high-power signal passes through.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The invention provides a design and optimization method of an ultra-wideband energy selection surface, which comprises the main technologies of energy selection surface structure design, multi-parameter optimization and the like. The surface has the characteristic of low pass and high resistance in an energy domain, when external electromagnetic energy is low, the surface can be regarded as a frequency selection surface, and the electronic equipment can radiate and receive normal working signals and filter signals outside a working frequency band; when the external electromagnetic energy is higher, the surface structure automatically changes to shield the external electromagnetic energy and reduce the coupling of the electronic equipment to the external electromagnetic energy. The method can solve the problem of electromagnetic pulse protection of the S-band broadband sensitive electronic equipment.
The invention discloses an ultra-wideband energy selective surface structure design: the method comprises the steps of designing a metal patch array and a metal grid array which are arranged in a specific form, loading an impedance self-adaption unit consisting of transient suppression diodes in the patch array, establishing a three-layer energy selection surface structure of a patch layer, the grid layer and the patch layer on the basis, filling media between layers, and realizing the design of the energy selection surface structure, wherein the patch layer consists of patch units to form a periodic structure, and the grid layer consists of grid units to form a periodic structure.
The invention has the following multi-parameter optimization: and analyzing important structural parameters influencing the performance of the ultra-wideband energy selection surface, and obtaining an optimal solution through a genetic algorithm.
The patch unit is first designed. The patch unit is composed of four square metal units, the side length of each square metal unit is a, and the distance between every two adjacent square metal units is w, as shown in fig. 1. 4 transient suppression diodes are respectively designed among the four square metal units, the junction capacitance of the transient suppression diodes is 0.3pF, and the inductance is 0.3nH. As shown in particular in fig. 2.
The grid cell is designed next. The grid unit is in a cross shape and forms a complementary structure with the patch unit. The grid elements have a length l and a width w, as shown in FIG. 3.
And finally designing a three-layer cascade structure. The three-layer cascade structure consists of a patch, a grid and a patch, and media are filled between layers. The medium is Rogers RO4350B, the dielectric constant is 3.48 and the magnetic permeability is 1.0. The thickness of the dielectric layer is h.
Aiming at the scheme provided by the invention, a simulation analysis model is constructed in commercial electromagnetic simulation software CST, and boundary conditions are set as unit cells as shown in FIG. 4.
The structural parameters are further optimized, and the bandwidth and the protection effect of the protection surface are improved. And analyzing and obtaining the influence rule of each parameter on the structural performance by a control variable method. The parameter h is obtained by analysis, and the parameter h is increased, so that the passband bandwidth can be reduced, but the in-band insertion loss can be reduced, and the out-of-band rejection degree can be improved, as shown in fig. 5; increasing the parameter w will shift the resonant frequency of the structure to the right, reducing the in-band insertion loss, but at the same time reducing the shielding effectiveness of the structure, as shown in fig. 6.
And optimally designing the parameters according to the analysis. The target indexes comprise passband bandwidth, in-band insertion loss, out-of-band rejection and the like, and the related structural parameters comprise dielectric layer thickness, grid unit width, grid unit length and the like. The invention carries out accumulation solving on each target index according to certain weight, thereby converting the solving of the multi-target parameter optimization problem into the optimization solving of a single target, and the multi-target fitness function F (i) is as follows, wherein F i (x) Is a function of the fitness of the performance index of a certain target, mu i And n is the sum of the number of the target indexes.
After the optimization design, the final parameter design is as follows: h =4.2mm, w =0.45mm, l =10.795mm. The specific simulation results are shown in fig. 7. Wherein, the S21 transmission characteristic of the protective surface when the small signal passes through is shown in (a) in FIG. 7, the insertion loss is less than 1dB at 2 GHz-4 GHz; the insertion loss is less than 0.5dB at 2.2 GHz-3.8 GHz; fig. 7 (b) shows the S21 transmission characteristic of the guard surface when a strong signal passes through, the in-band guard effect is greater than 10dB, and the out-of-band guard effect is greater than 20dB.
In conclusion, the ultra-wideband energy selection surface provided by the invention can realize the functions of ultra-wideband, low insertion loss and strong protection in the S wave band, and is suitable for out-of-band coupling protection and in-band coupling protection of S wave band sensitive electronic equipment.
It should be noted that, according to implementation requirements, each step/component described in the present application can be divided into more steps/components, and two or more steps/components or partial operations of the steps/components can also be combined into a new step/component to achieve the purpose of the present invention.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for designing and optimizing an ultra-wideband energy selective surface is characterized by comprising the following steps:
constructing a three-layer energy selection surface structure of a patch layer, a grid layer and a patch layer, wherein the patch layer is a periodic structure consisting of patch units, the grid layer is a periodic structure consisting of grid units, impedance self-adaption units consisting of transient suppression diodes are loaded in the patch units, and media are filled between the layers;
and analyzing the structural parameters influencing the performance of the ultra-wideband energy selection surface, and obtaining an optimal solution through a genetic algorithm.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the patch element is composed of four square metal elements, the side length of each square metal element is a, the space between the square metal elements is w, and 4 transient suppression diodes are loaded between the four square metal elements.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the grid elements are cross-shaped to form a complementary structure with the patch elements, the grid elements having a length/and a width w.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein analyzing structural parameters affecting ultra-wideband energy selective surface performance comprises:
and constructing a simulation analysis model, wherein a rectangular frame outside the simulation analysis model is a boundary frame, boundary conditions are set to unit cells, and a three-layer energy selection surface structure is arranged inside the simulation analysis model.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein obtaining the optimal solution through a genetic algorithm comprises:
optimally designing structural parameters by adopting a genetic algorithm according to target indexes, wherein the target indexes comprise passband bandwidth, in-band insertion loss and out-of-band rejection, and the structural parameters comprise dielectric layer thickness, grid unit width and grid unit length;
and accumulating and solving each target index according to the weight, so that the solution of the multi-target parameter optimization problem is converted into the optimization solution of a single target, wherein a multi-target fitness function F (i) is as follows:
f i (x) A performance index fitness function, mu, for a certain target index i The weight coefficient corresponding to the target index, and n is the number of the target indexes.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN116666924A (en) * | 2023-07-27 | 2023-08-29 | 南京邮电大学 | Three-dimensional waveguide type power selection structure |
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