CN115331842A - Thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system, which comprises a nuclear reactor, a plurality of thermoacoustic starting units, a resonance tube and an energy conversion device, wherein the thermoacoustic starting units are all arranged in the nuclear reactor in a penetrating manner along the direction parallel to the central axis of the nuclear reactor, two ends of each thermoacoustic starting unit are respectively communicated with two ends of the resonance tube to form a loop, the thermoacoustic starting units can convert the heat energy of the nuclear reactor into mechanical energy and transmit the mechanical energy along the extension direction of the resonance tube, the input end of the energy conversion device is connected with the resonance tube, and the output end of the energy conversion device is used for being connected with an energy collection device; the invention utilizes the working gas in the thermoacoustic starting unit to take out the heat in the nuclear reactor and convert the heat into mechanical energy, and then utilizes the energy conversion device to convert the mechanical energy into other energy, thereby having simple structure, effectively improving the energy conversion efficiency and having high inherent safety.

Description

Thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of energy conversion, in particular to a thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system.

Background

The thermoacoustic engine is a sound generator which utilizes thermoacoustic effect to realize conversion from heat energy to sound energy so as to realize sound power output. The thermoacoustic effect is a physical phenomenon in which heat causes acoustic self-oscillation in an elastic medium (often a high pressure inert gas). The heat is converted into pressure fluctuation by utilizing the thermoacoustic phenomenon that the heat generates self-oscillation in the pressure gas, wherein the pressure wave is alternating mechanical energy, and further the conversion of the thermal energy and the mechanical energy is realized. The thermoacoustic engine refers to a device which generates mechanical power from heat through a thermoacoustic effect, and the input heat is provided by a heater. The high temperature heater of thermoacoustic engine is one of the core parts of thermoacoustic engine, and transfers the time-averaged heat from external heat source to inert gas working medium.

Nuclear energy (or atomic energy) is energy released from a nucleus by a nuclear reaction, since nuclear fuel generates a large amount of heat when reacting in a nuclear reactor. The heat is required to be taken away or converted into other energy in time in order to avoid the burnout of the nuclear reactor due to overheating.

In the existing thermoacoustic reactor system, the energy conversion efficiency in the nuclear reactor is low, the heat transport is complex, and the reliability is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system, which is used for solving the problems of low energy conversion efficiency, complex heat transportation and low reliability in a thermoacoustic reactor system in the prior art.

The invention provides a thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system which comprises a nuclear reactor, a plurality of thermoacoustic starting units, a resonance tube and an energy conversion device, wherein the thermoacoustic starting units are arranged in the nuclear reactor in a penetrating manner along the direction parallel to the central axis of the nuclear reactor, two ends of each thermoacoustic starting unit are respectively communicated with two ends of the resonance tube to form a loop, the thermoacoustic starting units can convert the heat energy of the nuclear reactor into mechanical energy and transmit the mechanical energy along the extension direction of the resonance tube, the input end of the energy conversion device is connected with the resonance tube, and the output end of the energy conversion device is used for being connected with an energy collection device.

According to the thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system provided by the invention, the thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system further comprises a connecting pipe, at least one thermoacoustic starting unit forms a thermoacoustic starting unit group, and two ends of the resonance pipe are respectively communicated with two ends of the thermoacoustic starting unit group through the connecting pipe.

According to the thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system provided by the invention, the number of the resonance tubes is multiple, two ends of each resonance tube are respectively communicated with the connecting tubes on two sides of the thermoacoustic starting unit group, and each resonance tube is connected with the input end of the energy conversion device.

According to the thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system provided by the invention, the number of the resonance tubes, the thermoacoustic engine unit groups and the number of the energy conversion devices are the same, the first end of each thermoacoustic engine unit group is communicated with the first end of one resonance tube, the second end of each thermoacoustic engine unit group is communicated with the second end of one resonance tube, and each resonance tube is correspondingly connected with the input end of one energy conversion device.

According to the thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system provided by the invention, the number of the nuclear reactors, the number of the resonance tubes and the number of the energy conversion devices are multiple, one thermoacoustic engine unit group is arranged in each nuclear reactor in a penetrating mode, the thermoacoustic engine unit groups in two adjacent nuclear reactors are communicated end to end through the resonance tubes, and each resonance tube is connected with the input end of one energy conversion device.

According to the thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system provided by the invention, the number of the nuclear reactors, the number of the resonance tubes and the number of the energy conversion devices are multiple, each nuclear reactor is provided with a plurality of thermoacoustic engine unit groups in a penetrating way, the number of the thermoacoustic engine unit groups in two adjacent nuclear reactors is the same, the first end of each thermoacoustic engine unit group is communicated with the second end of one thermoacoustic engine unit group in the adjacent nuclear reactor through the resonance tubes, and each resonance tube is connected with the input end of one energy conversion device.

According to the thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system provided by the invention, the thermoacoustic starting unit comprises a main cooler, a heat regenerator and a high-temperature heat exchanger, the high-temperature heat exchanger is arranged in the nuclear reactor and is communicated with one end of the resonant tube, the high-temperature heat exchanger can exchange heat with the nuclear reactor, the main cooler is arranged outside the nuclear reactor and is communicated with the other end of the resonant tube, and two ends of the heat regenerator are respectively communicated with the main cooler and the high-temperature heat exchanger.

According to the thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system provided by the invention, the nuclear reactor comprises a reactor core, first reflecting layers and second reflecting layers, the first reflecting layers are connected to two sides of the reactor core, the second reflecting layers are arranged on the end surfaces of the two first reflecting layers, the high-temperature heat exchanger is arranged on the reactor core, and the main cooler is arranged on the outer side of the second reflecting layers.

According to the thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system provided by the invention, the thermoacoustic starting unit further comprises a thermal buffer tube, one end of the thermal buffer tube is connected with the high-temperature heat exchanger, and the other end of the thermal buffer tube is communicated with the resonance tube.

According to the thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system provided by the invention, the thermoacoustic engine unit group further comprises at least one secondary cooler, the secondary cooler is arranged on the outer side of the second reflecting layer, each thermal buffer tube is communicated with one end of the secondary cooler, and the other end of the secondary cooler is communicated with the resonance tube.

According to the thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system, two ends of each thermoacoustic starting unit are communicated with two ends of the resonance tube, the thermoacoustic starting units and the resonance tube form a loop, and working gas can reciprocate in the loop; the thermoacoustic starting units are arranged in the nuclear reactor in a penetrating mode along the direction parallel to the central axis of the nuclear reactor to form an integrated structure, working gas in the thermoacoustic starting units can exchange heat with the nuclear reactor, heat generated in the nuclear reactor is effectively taken away, loops, heat pipes and the like for outputting heat are reduced, the flow is simplified, and the safety of the nuclear reactor is improved; the working gas continuously exchanges heat with the nuclear reactor, the high-temperature working gas can generate self-excited oscillation in the thermoacoustic starting units, the heat energy is converted into mechanical energy in the form of sound waves and is transmitted along the extension direction of the resonance tube, and the mechanical energy enters the energy conversion device for conversion by connecting the input end of the energy conversion device with the resonance tube, so that the mechanical energy is converted into required energy, and resources are reasonably utilized; the thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system utilizes the working gas in the thermoacoustic starting unit to take out the heat in the nuclear reactor and convert the heat into mechanical energy, and then utilizes the energy conversion device to convert the mechanical energy into other energy, has simple structure, can effectively improve the energy conversion efficiency, and has high inherent safety.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermoacoustic power unit provided by the present invention installed through a nuclear reactor;

FIG. 2 is one of the schematic structural views of a thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system provided by the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a second schematic diagram of a thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a third schematic view of a thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a fourth schematic diagram of the configuration of a thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system provided by the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a fifth schematic diagram of a thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a sixth schematic view of a thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the present invention providing a thermoacoustic engine unit coupled to a subcooler;

reference numerals:

100: a nuclear reactor; 110: a reactor core; 120: a first reflective layer; 130: a second reflective layer; 200: a thermoacoustic engine unit group; 210: a thermoacoustic launch unit; 211: a main cooler; 212: a heat regenerator; 213: a high temperature heat exchanger; 214: a thermal buffer tube; 220: a sub-cooler; 300: a resonant tube; 400: a connecting pipe; 500: an energy conversion device.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system provided by the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 8.

The thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system provided by the present embodiment includes a nuclear reactor 100, a plurality of thermoacoustic engine units 210, a resonance tube 300, and an energy conversion device 500, where the thermoacoustic engine units 210 are all disposed through the nuclear reactor 100 along a direction parallel to a central axis of the nuclear reactor 100, two ends of each thermoacoustic engine unit 210 are respectively communicated with two ends of the resonance tube 300 to form a loop, the thermoacoustic engine units 210 can convert thermal energy of the nuclear reactor 100 into mechanical energy and transmit the mechanical energy along an extending direction of the resonance tube 300, an input end of the energy conversion device 500 is connected to the resonance tube 300, and an output end of the energy conversion device 500 is used for being connected to an energy collection device.

Referring to fig. 2, two ends of each thermoacoustic engine unit 210 are respectively communicated with two ends of the resonance tube 300, the thermoacoustic engine units 210 and the resonance tube 300 form a loop, and the working gas can reciprocate in the loop; the nuclear reactor 100 is provided with a plurality of through holes, the extending direction of the through holes is parallel to the central axis of the nuclear reactor 100, the thermoacoustic engine units 210 are in one-to-one correspondence with the through holes, the thermoacoustic engine units 210 penetrate through the through holes in the nuclear reactor 100, as shown in fig. 1, a large amount of heat is generated when the nuclear reactor 100 reacts, the nuclear reactor 100 can perform heat exchange with the thermoacoustic engine units 210, that is, the nuclear reactor 100 performs heat exchange with working gas in the thermoacoustic engine units 210, the working gas in the thermoacoustic engine units 210 takes away the heat of the nuclear reactor, and the temperature of the working gas is increased.

After the temperature of the working gas rises to a certain value, the working gas generates self-excited sound wave oscillation (self-excited oscillation) in the thermoacoustic starting unit 210, the heat energy is converted into mechanical energy in the form of sound waves, the gas reciprocates back and forth, the working gas continuously absorbs heat and converts the heat into the mechanical energy in the form of sound waves in the thermoacoustic starting unit 210 to be output and transmits the mechanical energy along the extension direction of the resonance tube 300, the energy in the nuclear reactor 100 is continuously taken away in a heat exchange mode, and the safety of the nuclear reactor 100 is improved.

Further, the input end of the energy conversion device 500 is connected to the resonator tube 300, the mechanical energy in the form of sound wave is transmitted into the energy conversion device 500 for conversion, the energy conversion device 500 can convert the mechanical energy into energy in a desired form, such as electric energy, and the output end of the energy conversion device 500 is connected to the energy collection device for storing the converted energy.

In the embodiment, two ends of each thermoacoustic starting unit are communicated with two ends of the resonance tube, and the plurality of thermoacoustic starting units and the resonance tube form a loop, so that the working gas can reciprocate in the loop; the thermoacoustic starting units are arranged in the nuclear reactor in a penetrating mode along the direction parallel to the central axis of the nuclear reactor to form an integrated structure, working gas in the thermoacoustic starting units can exchange heat with the nuclear reactor, heat generated in the nuclear reactor is effectively taken away, loops, heat pipes and the like for outputting heat are reduced, the flow is simplified, and the safety of the nuclear reactor is improved; the working gas continuously exchanges heat with the nuclear reactor, the high-temperature working gas can generate self-excited oscillation in the thermoacoustic starting units, the heat energy is converted into mechanical energy in the form of sound waves and is transmitted along the extension direction of the resonance tube, and the mechanical energy enters the energy conversion device for conversion by connecting the input end of the energy conversion device with the resonance tube, so that the mechanical energy is converted into required energy, and resources are reasonably utilized; the thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system utilizes the working gas in the thermoacoustic starting unit to take out the heat in the nuclear reactor and convert the heat into mechanical energy, and then utilizes the energy conversion device to convert the mechanical energy into other energy, has simple structure, can effectively improve the energy conversion efficiency, and has high safety.

The thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system provided by the present embodiment further includes a connecting pipe 400, at least one thermoacoustic engine unit 210 is a group to form a thermoacoustic engine unit group 200, and two ends of the resonant pipe 300 are respectively communicated with two ends of the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 through the connecting pipe 400.

In the present embodiment, one or more thermoacoustic engine units 210 are grouped to form a thermoacoustic engine unit group 200, referring to fig. 2, the thermoacoustic engine units 210 provided in the present embodiment are 5, and 5 thermoacoustic engine units 210 are grouped to form a thermoacoustic engine unit group 200, two ends of the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 are communicated with two ends of the resonance tube 300 to form a loop, and the working gas moves in the loop.

In the present embodiment, the number of thermoacoustic engine units 210 in each thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 is not specifically limited, and may be the same or different.

The thermoacoustic nuclear reactor 100 provided in this embodiment further includes a connecting pipe 400, the connecting pipe 400 is disposed at two ends of the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200, and two ends of the resonance pipe 300 are communicated with the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 through the connecting pipe 400; furthermore, the connecting pipe 400 is a reducer pipe, the size of the first end of the reducer pipe matches the size of the connecting end of the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200, that is, the thermoacoustic engine units 210 are all communicated with the reducer pipe, and the size of the second end of the reducer pipe matches the size of the resonator pipe 300, wherein the size of the first end of the reducer pipe is larger than that of the second end of the reducer pipe, which is helpful for the mechanical energy to enter the resonator pipe 300 for transmission along with the working gas in the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 through the reducer pipe.

In another embodiment, 5 thermoacoustic engine units 210 are divided into two groups, where one thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 includes 3 thermoacoustic engine units 210, the other thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 includes 2 thermoacoustic engine units 210, both ends of the resonance tube 300 are connected to both ends of the first thermoacoustic engine unit group through the connection tube 400, and both ends of the resonance tube 300 are connected to both ends of the second thermoacoustic engine unit group through the connection tube 400, that is, the first end of the connection tube 400 is connected to two thermoacoustic engine unit groups 200 (all thermoacoustic engine unit groups 200), and the second end of the connection tube 400 is connected to the resonance tube 300.

In this embodiment, the structure of the connecting tube 400 is not particularly limited, and it is convenient to flow the working gas in all the thermoacoustic units to the resonance tube 300.

In this embodiment, a plurality of resonance tubes 300 are provided, two ends of each resonance tube 300 are respectively communicated with the connecting tubes 400 at two sides of the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200, and each resonance tube 300 is connected with the input end of the energy conversion device 500.

Referring to fig. 3, in the present embodiment, there are 2 resonator tubes 300, which are respectively a first resonator tube and a second resonator tube, a first end of the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 is provided with a first connection tube, one end of the first connection tube is communicated with a first end of the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200, and a first end of the first resonator tube and a first end of the second resonator tube are respectively communicated with a second end of the first connection tube; a second connecting pipe is arranged at the second end of the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200, the first end of the second connecting pipe is communicated with the second end of the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200, and the second end of the first resonance pipe and the second end of the second resonance pipe are both communicated with the second end of the second connecting pipe; further, the first resonator tube and the second resonator tube are connected to an energy conversion device 500, which can convert mechanical energy into required energy. The energy conversion device 500 in this embodiment may be one or more, and the energy conversion device 500 may be connected to each resonator tube 300.

In the actual conversion process, the mechanical energy converted by the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 is transmitted to the energy conversion device 500 along the first connecting tube, the first resonant tube, and the second resonant tube for conversion, and the working gas in the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 circularly moves in the first connecting tube, the first resonant tube, the second connecting tube, and the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200.

In this embodiment, the plurality of resonance tubes 300 are arranged, and two ends of each resonance tube 300 are respectively communicated with the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 through the connecting tube 400, so that the working gas in the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 is uniformly mixed through the connecting tube 400, the flow rates of the working gas entering different resonance tubes 300 can be ensured to be the same, the plurality of resonance tubes 300 are arranged conveniently, the reliability is high, and the energy conversion efficiency is also improved.

On the basis of the above embodiments, the number of the resonance tubes 300, the thermoacoustic engine units 200, and the energy conversion device 500 provided in this embodiment is the same, the first end of each thermoacoustic engine unit 200 is communicated with the first end of one resonance tube 300, the second end of each thermoacoustic engine unit 200 is communicated with the second end of one resonance tube 300, and each resonance tube 300 is correspondingly connected with the input end of one energy conversion device 500.

Referring to fig. 5, the present embodiment provides two resonator tubes 300, two thermoacoustic engine units 200, and two energy conversion devices 500, where the resonator tubes 300 are a first resonator tube and a second resonator tube, respectively; the thermoacoustic engine units 200 are respectively a first thermoacoustic engine unit group and a second thermoacoustic engine unit group, wherein the number of the thermoacoustic engine units 210 in the first thermoacoustic engine unit group and the second thermoacoustic engine unit group may be the same or different, as shown in fig. 5, the number of the thermoacoustic engine units 210 in the two thermoacoustic engine unit groups 200 is 5; the energy conversion devices are a first energy conversion device 500 and a second energy conversion device 500, respectively.

Furthermore, the first end of the first resonance tube is communicated with the first end of the first thermoacoustic engine unit group, and the second end of the first resonance tube is communicated with the second end of the second thermoacoustic engine unit group; the first end of the second resonance tube is communicated with the first end of the second thermoacoustic engine unit group, and the second end of the second resonance tube is communicated with the second end of the first thermoacoustic engine unit group; furthermore, the input end of the first energy conversion device is connected with the first resonant tube, and the input end of the second energy conversion device is connected with the second resonant tube; working gas flowing out of the first thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 enters the second thermoacoustic engine unit group through the first resonance tube, working gas flowing out of the second thermoacoustic engine unit group enters the first thermoacoustic engine unit group through the second resonance tube, mechanical energy converted in the first thermoacoustic engine unit enters the first energy conversion device along the first resonance tube for conversion, and mechanical energy converted in the second thermoacoustic engine unit enters the second energy conversion device along the second resonance tube for conversion.

In another embodiment, two ends of the first thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 are respectively communicated with two ends of the first resonance tube, the input end of the first energy device is connected with the first resonance tube, two ends of the second thermoacoustic engine unit group are respectively communicated with two ends of the second resonance tube, and the input end of the second energy conversion device is connected with the second resonance tube.

In the embodiment, the thermoacoustic engine units 210 are divided into the thermoacoustic engine unit groups 200, the thermoacoustic engine unit groups 200 are all arranged in the nuclear reactor 100 in a penetrating manner along the direction of the central axis of the nuclear reactor 100, the first end of each thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 is communicated with the first end of one resonance tube 300, the second end of each thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 is communicated with the second end of one resonance tube 300, and each resonance tube 300 is correspondingly connected with the input end of one energy conversion device 500, so that the heat energy in the nuclear reactor 100 is accelerated to enter the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 through heat exchange, the thermoacoustic power generation unit group converts the heat energy into mechanical energy, and the mechanical energy is transmitted to different energy conversion devices 500 along the resonance tubes 300 to be converted, thereby accelerating the transmission efficiency and further improving the energy conversion rate.

On the basis of the above embodiments, the nuclear reactors 100, the resonance tubes 300, and the energy conversion devices 500 provided in this embodiment are all multiple, each nuclear reactor 100 is provided with one thermoacoustic engine unit group 200, the thermoacoustic engine unit groups 200 in two adjacent nuclear reactors 100 are connected end to end through the resonance tubes 300, and each resonance tube 300 is connected to an input end of one energy conversion device 500.

Referring to fig. 6, the nuclear reactor 100, the resonance tube 300, and the energy conversion apparatus 500 provided in this embodiment are two, where the nuclear reactor 100 is a first nuclear reactor and a second nuclear reactor respectively; the resonance tubes 300 are respectively a first resonance tube and a second resonance tube, the energy conversion device 500 is respectively a first energy conversion device and a second energy conversion device, the first nuclear reactor is provided with a first thermoacoustic engine unit group in a penetrating way, the second nuclear reactor is provided with a second thermoacoustic engine unit group in a penetrating way, the first end of the first thermoacoustic engine unit group is communicated with the second end of the adjacent second thermoacoustic engine unit group through the first resonance tube, the first end of the second thermoacoustic engine unit group is communicated with the second end of the adjacent first thermoacoustic engine unit group through the second resonance tube, and the first thermoacoustic engine unit group, the first resonance tube, the second thermoacoustic engine unit and the second resonance tube form a loop.

Furthermore, the first resonant tube is connected with the input end of the first energy conversion device, the second resonant tube is connected with the input end of the second energy conversion device, the working gas can move in the loop, the mechanical energy converted by the first thermoacoustic engine unit group is transmitted to the first energy conversion device through the first resonant tube for conversion, and the mechanical energy converted by the second thermoacoustic engine unit group is transmitted to the second energy conversion device through the second resonant tube for conversion.

In the embodiment, the thermoacoustic engine units 200 in the multiple nuclear reactors 100 are connected end to end through the resonance tubes 300 to form a loop, so that the process is simple, the reliability is high, and the conversion rate can be improved by simultaneously converting the energy in the multiple reactors.

The nuclear reactors 100, the resonance tubes 300, and the energy conversion devices 500 provided in this embodiment are all multiple, each nuclear reactor 100 is provided with multiple thermoacoustic engine unit groups 200 in a penetrating manner, the number of thermoacoustic engine unit groups 200 in two adjacent nuclear reactors 100 is the same, a first end of each thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 is communicated with a second end of one thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 in an adjacent nuclear reactor 100 through the resonance tube 300, and each resonance tube 300 is connected with an input end of one energy conversion device 500.

The number of the nuclear reactors 100, the resonance tubes 300, and the energy conversion apparatus 500 provided in this embodiment is two, where the nuclear reactors 100 are a first nuclear reactor and a second nuclear reactor, respectively; the resonator tubes 300 are a first resonator tube and a second resonator tube, respectively, and the energy conversion device 500 is a plurality of. Referring to fig. 7, a first nuclear reactor is provided with two first thermoacoustic engine blocks and a second nuclear reactor is provided with two second thermoacoustic engine blocks.

Furthermore, the first end of each first thermoacoustic engine unit group is communicated with the second end of an adjacent second thermoacoustic engine unit group through a resonance tube 300, the first end of each second thermoacoustic engine unit group is communicated with the second end of an adjacent first thermoacoustic engine unit group, the first resonance tube, the second thermoacoustic engine unit group and the second resonance tube form a loop, and two loops are formed between two nuclear reactors 100.

Further, each resonance tube 300 is connected with the input end of one energy conversion device 500, the working gas moves in a plurality of loops, and the mechanical energy is converted by the plurality of energy conversion devices 500, so that the power can be amplified and the energy conversion rate is accelerated.

In this embodiment, the number of the thermoacoustic engine units in the first reactor and the second reactor is not specifically limited, and it is sufficient to ensure that the number of the thermoacoustic engine units in the first reactor is the same as the number of the thermoacoustic engine units in the second reactor. In addition, the number of thermoacoustic engine units in each thermoacoustic engine unit group is not particularly limited.

The thermoacoustic engine unit 210 provided in this embodiment includes a main cooler 211, a regenerator 212, and a high temperature heat exchanger 213, where the high temperature heat exchanger 213 is disposed inside the nuclear reactor 100 and is communicated with one end of the resonant tube 300, the high temperature heat exchanger 213 is capable of exchanging heat with the nuclear reactor 100, the main cooler 211 is disposed outside the nuclear reactor and is communicated with the other end of the resonant tube 300, and two ends of the regenerator 212 are respectively communicated with the main cooler 211 and the high temperature heat exchanger 213.

Referring to fig. 8, the thermoacoustic engine unit 210 provided in this embodiment includes a main cooler 211, a regenerator 212, and a high-temperature heat exchanger 213 connected in sequence, where the high-temperature heat exchanger 213 is disposed inside the nuclear reactor 100, the main cooler 211 is disposed outside the nuclear reactor 100, the regenerator 212 is disposed between the main cooler 211 and the high-temperature heat exchanger 213, the main cooler 211 is communicated with the high-temperature heat exchanger 213 through a resonant tube 300 to form a loop, and the main cooler 211 can exchange heat with an external cooling fluid; further, the resonator tube 300 is connected to an input terminal of the energy conversion device 500.

When the nuclear reactor 100 is reacted, the high-temperature heat exchanger 213 exchanges heat with the nuclear reactor 100, the temperature of the working gas in the high-temperature heat exchanger 213 is increased, under the combined action of the main cooler 211 and the high-temperature heat exchanger 213, the heat regenerator 212 between the main cooler 211 and the high-temperature heat exchanger 213 generates a temperature gradient, and when the temperature gradient exceeds a critical value, the working gas generates self-excited oscillation in a loop, a large amount of heat generated by the nuclear reactor 100 is taken away by the working gas reciprocating in the high-temperature heat exchanger 213 and is transported to the heat regenerator 212, the heat regenerator 212 converts the high-temperature working gas into mechanical energy in a pressure fluctuation form, and the mechanical energy is transmitted to the energy conversion device 500 through the resonance tube 300 and is further converted into required energy, so that the conversion of the thermal energy, the mechanical energy and the required energy is further realized.

The nuclear reactor 100 provided in this embodiment includes a reactor core 110, a first reflective layer 120, and a second reflective layer 130, the first reflective layer 120 is connected to both sides of the reactor core 110, the second reflective layer 130 is disposed on end surfaces of the two first reflective layers 120, a high-temperature heat exchanger 213 is disposed on the reactor core 110, a main cooler 211 is disposed on an outer side of the second reflective layer 130, and a regenerator 212 is disposed on an inner side of the second reflective layer 130.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a nuclear reactor 100 provided in this embodiment includes a reactor core 110, a first reflective layer 120 and a second reflective layer 130, the first reflective layer 120 is connected to two sides of the reactor core 110, the second reflective layer 130 is disposed on end surfaces of the two first reflective layers 120, the reactor core 110 generates heat, a high temperature heat exchanger 213 is disposed on the reactor core 110, and facilitates heat exchange between working gas in the high temperature heat exchanger 213 and the reactor core 110, a main cooler 211 is disposed on an outer side of the second reflective layer 130, and facilitates heat exchange between the main cooler 211 and an external cooling fluid, and a regenerator 212 is disposed on an inner side of the second reflective layer 130, and under a combined action of the high temperature heat exchanger 213 and the main cooler 211, the regenerator 212 may generate a temperature gradient, and may convert thermal energy into mechanical energy.

In a preferred embodiment, high temperature heat exchanger 213 is disposed in reactor core 110, regenerator 212 is disposed in first reflective layer 120, and main cooler 211 is disposed outside second reflective layer 130 to facilitate conversion of thermal energy to mechanical energy by thermoacoustic power unit 210.

Based on the above embodiment, further, thermoacoustic engine unit 210 further includes thermal buffer tube 214, one end of thermal buffer tube 214 is connected to high temperature heat exchanger 213, and the other end of thermal buffer tube 214 is communicated with resonator tube 300.

The thermoacoustic engine unit 210 provided in this embodiment includes a main cooler 211, a regenerator 212, a high-temperature heat exchanger 213, and a thermal buffer tube 214, which are connected in sequence, where one end of the high-temperature heat exchanger 213 is communicated with the regenerator 212, the other end of the high-temperature heat exchanger 213 is communicated with the thermal buffer tube 214, a working gas in the high-temperature heat exchanger 213 exchanges heat with the nuclear reactor 100, and then the temperature rises, and a part of the high-temperature working gas enters the regenerator 212, and interacts with the main cooler 211 to convert thermal energy into mechanical energy, and the mechanical energy is transmitted through the resonance tube 300; the other part of the high-temperature working gas enters the high-temperature buffer tube, and the heat is reduced by the high-temperature buffer tube, so that the high-temperature working gas is prevented from directly entering the resonance tube 300, and the high-temperature working gas is prevented from influencing the operation of the energy conversion device 500 connected to the resonance tube 300.

Based on the above embodiment, further, thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 further includes at least one sub-cooler 220, sub-cooler 220 is disposed outside second reflective layer 130, each thermal buffer tube 214 is communicated with one end of sub-cooler 220, and the other end of sub-cooler 220 is communicated with resonator tube 300.

Referring to fig. 4 to 6, each thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 includes a sub-cooler 220, one end of the sub-cooler is communicated with the resonance tube 300, and the other end of the sub-cooler is communicated with the end of the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 where the thermal buffer tube 214 is disposed, that is, the end of each thermoacoustic engine unit 210 where the thermal buffer tube 214 is disposed is communicated with the sub-cooler 220, and the sub-cooler 220 can cool the working gas flowing out of the thermal buffer tubes 214, so as to prevent the high-temperature working gas from flowing into the resonance tube 300 and flowing into the energy conversion device 500 to affect the conversion rate.

Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 8, thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 includes a plurality of sub-coolers 220, the number of the sub-coolers 220 is the same as that of thermoacoustic engine units 210, wherein one end of each thermoacoustic engine unit 210, at which thermal buffer tube 214 is disposed, is connected to one sub-cooler 220, and the sub-coolers 220 can rapidly reduce the temperature of the gas in thermal buffer tube 214, so as to prevent the heat from directly entering resonance tube 300, and at the same time, reduce the heat of energy conversion device 500, thereby increasing the conversion rate.

The energy conversion device 500 in this embodiment is an acoustoelectric energy conversion device 500, which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.

In the technical scheme of the nuclear reaction pair power supply based on thermoacoustic energy conversion, working gas is utilized in a loop formed by the thermoacoustic starting unit 210 and the resonance tube 300 to take out nuclear reactor heat and convert the nuclear reactor heat into mechanical energy, and then an acoustoelectric energy conversion device is utilized to convert the mechanical energy into electric energy, so that the heat transportation of a reactor and an energy conversion link is simplified, and the reliability of the system is improved.

Compared with the prior art, the energy conversion based on the thermoacoustic power generation technology is based on the reversible thermodynamic cycle without moving parts at high temperature, and has good reliability and high efficiency; the thermoacoustic effect is an inherent physical effect, and the thermoacoustic starting assembly can work spontaneously only by the existence of high-low temperature difference under a specific structure, so that the heat generated by the nuclear reactor can be continuously taken away, and the inherent safety of the nuclear reactor can be improved; through the integrated design of the thermoacoustic starting unit and the nuclear reactor, loops or heat pipes and the like which are necessary for the conventional nuclear reactor can be eliminated, the heat transfer process is simplified, and the reliability is further improved; the thermoacoustic engine unit is convenient for modular manufacture and simplified for installation; the number of thermo-acoustic drive units in this embodiment depends on the power requirements etc.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system is characterized by comprising a nuclear reactor, a plurality of thermoacoustic starting units, a resonance tube and an energy conversion device, wherein the thermoacoustic starting units are arranged in the nuclear reactor in a penetrating mode along the direction parallel to the central axis of the nuclear reactor, two ends of each thermoacoustic starting unit are respectively communicated with two ends of the resonance tube to form a loop, the thermoacoustic starting units can convert the heat energy of the nuclear reactor into mechanical energy and transmit the mechanical energy along the extending direction of the resonance tube, the input end of the energy conversion device is connected with the resonance tube, and the output end of the energy conversion device is used for being connected with an energy collection device.

2. The thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system according to claim 1, further comprising a connecting pipe, wherein at least one thermoacoustic engine unit is a group forming a thermoacoustic engine unit group, and two ends of the resonant pipe are respectively communicated with two ends of the thermoacoustic engine unit group through the connecting pipe.

3. The thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system according to claim 2, wherein there are a plurality of said resonator tubes, both ends of each of said resonator tubes are respectively connected to said connecting tubes on both sides of said thermoacoustic engine unit set, and each of said resonator tubes is connected to an input end of said energy conversion device.

4. The thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system according to claim 2, wherein the number of the resonance tubes, the thermoacoustic engine unit group and the energy conversion device is the same, the first end of each thermoacoustic engine unit group is communicated with the first end of one resonance tube, the second end of each thermoacoustic engine unit group is communicated with the second end of one resonance tube, and each resonance tube is correspondingly connected with the input end of one energy conversion device.

5. The thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system according to claim 2, wherein said nuclear reactors, said resonance tubes and said energy conversion device are all plural, each of said nuclear reactors is provided with one of said thermoacoustic engine units, said thermoacoustic engine units in two adjacent nuclear reactors are connected end to end through said resonance tubes, and each of said resonance tubes is connected to an input end of one of said energy conversion devices.

6. The thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system according to claim 2, wherein said nuclear reactors, said resonance tubes and said energy conversion device are each provided in plurality, each of said nuclear reactors is provided with a plurality of said thermoacoustic engine unit groups, the number of said thermoacoustic engine unit groups in adjacent two of said nuclear reactors is the same, a first end of each of said thermoacoustic engine unit groups is communicated with a second end of one of said thermoacoustic engine unit groups in adjacent said nuclear reactors through said resonance tubes, and each of said resonance tubes is connected with an input end of one of said energy conversion devices.

7. The thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system according to claim 1, wherein the thermoacoustic engine unit comprises a main cooler, a regenerator, and a high temperature heat exchanger, the high temperature heat exchanger is disposed inside the nuclear reactor and is in communication with one end of the resonator tube, the high temperature heat exchanger is capable of exchanging heat with the nuclear reactor, the main cooler is disposed outside the nuclear reactor and is in communication with the other end of the resonator tube, and both ends of the regenerator are in communication with the main cooler and the high temperature heat exchanger, respectively.

8. The thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system according to claim 7, wherein the nuclear reactor comprises a reactor core, a first reflective layer and a second reflective layer, the first reflective layer is connected to both sides of the reactor core, the second reflective layer is provided on the end surfaces of the two first reflective layers, the high temperature heat exchanger is provided on the reactor core, and the main cooler is provided on the outer side of the second reflective layer.

9. The thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system according to claim 8, wherein the thermoacoustic launch unit further comprises a thermal buffer tube, one end of the thermal buffer tube being connected to the high temperature heat exchanger, the other end of the thermal buffer tube being in communication with the resonance tube.

10. The thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system according to claim 9, wherein the thermoacoustic engine block further comprises at least one sub-cooler, the sub-cooler being disposed outside the second reflective layer, each thermal buffer tube being in communication with one end of the sub-cooler, the other end of the sub-cooler being in communication with the resonator tube.

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