CN115325441B - Hydrogen precooler testing system and method thereof - Google Patents
Hydrogen precooler testing system and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115325441B CN115325441B CN202211021183.6A CN202211021183A CN115325441B CN 115325441 B CN115325441 B CN 115325441B CN 202211021183 A CN202211021183 A CN 202211021183A CN 115325441 B CN115325441 B CN 115325441B
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 397
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 397
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 334
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 172
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
- F17C13/025—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the pressure as the parameter
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
- F17C13/026—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the temperature as the parameter
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
- F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
- F17C7/04—Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydrogen precooler test system and a method thereof, and relates to the relevant field of hydrogen test, the system comprises a liquid hydrogen side, a refrigerant test, a heat exchanger to be tested, a gas hydrogen side, a hydrogen storage module and a nitrogen module, wherein the liquid hydrogen side, the refrigerant test and the gas hydrogen side are respectively connected with the heat exchanger to be tested through pipelines, so that gas can pass through the heat exchanger to be tested to treat the gas, the liquid hydrogen side is connected with the hydrogen storage module through the pipelines, so that the gas in the liquid hydrogen side can enter the hydrogen storage module, and the nitrogen module is respectively connected with the liquid hydrogen side and the gas hydrogen side through the pipelines.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydrogen testing, in particular to a hydrogen precooler testing system and a method thereof.
Background
The hydrogen energy is a green energy source in the 21 st century by virtue of the advantages of high heat value, wide sources, no pollution of combustion products and the like. Common hydrogen energy infrastructures include hydrogen addition stations, liquid hydrogen plants, hydrogen production plants, hydrogen transport pipelines, etc., where hydrogen addition stations are the highest duty cycle.
According to SAE-J2601 standard, the hydrogen filling temperature range of 70MPa should be-40 ℃ to-33 ℃. Therefore, a hydrogen precooler is additionally arranged in the hydrogen adding station with the pressure level of 70MPa, and the hydrogen with the high pressure and the high temperature after pressurization is cooled, so that the filling temperature meets the requirement. If the filling temperature is too high, the hydrogen storage density in the vehicle-mounted gas cylinder is too low due to light filling temperature, so that the driving mileage of the hydrogen fuel cell is reduced; and if the weight is heavy, the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage bottle is invalid, and hydrogen leakage is caused. Therefore, the performance of the hydrogen precooler is particularly important, and a set of hydrogen precooler testing systems is urgently required to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a system and a method for testing a hydrogen precooler, which are used for solving the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a hydrogen precooler test system comprises a liquid hydrogen side, a refrigerant test, a heat exchanger to be tested, a gas hydrogen side, a hydrogen storage module and a nitrogen module;
the liquid hydrogen side, the refrigerant test and the gas hydrogen side are respectively connected with the heat exchanger to be tested through pipelines, so that gas can pass through the heat exchanger to be tested, and the heat exchanger to be tested is treated, the liquid hydrogen side is connected with the hydrogen storage module through the pipelines, so that gas in the liquid hydrogen side can enter the hydrogen storage module, and the nitrogen module is respectively connected with the liquid hydrogen side and the gas hydrogen side through the pipelines, so that gas can respectively enter the hydrogen storage module.
Preferably, the liquid hydrogen side includes a liquid hydrogen inlet, a nitrogen gas replacement check valve, a liquid hydrogen side replacement switch valve, a replacement nitrogen gas inlet, a low temperature emergency shut-off valve, a liquid hydrogen side flowmeter, a first discharge check valve, a first liquid hydrogen safety valve root valve, a first liquid hydrogen safety valve, a second liquid hydrogen safety valve root valve, a liquid hydrogen regulating valve, a second discharge check valve, a third liquid hydrogen safety valve root valve, a second liquid hydrogen safety valve, a fourth liquid hydrogen safety valve root valve, a first pressure sensor, a first temperature sensor, a second pressure sensor, a liquid hydrogen outlet switch valve, a heat recovery device, a third temperature sensor, a discharge regulating valve, a discharge check valve, a hydrogen discharge pipe, and a hydrogen discharge outlet.
Preferably, the first liquid hydrogen safety valve root valve, the first liquid hydrogen safety valve and the second liquid hydrogen safety valve root valve are located between the low-temperature emergency shut-off valve and the liquid hydrogen regulating valve, and the third liquid hydrogen safety valve root valve, the second liquid hydrogen safety valve and the fourth liquid hydrogen safety valve root valve are located between the liquid hydrogen regulating valve and the second temperature sensor, so that when liquid hydrogen in the closed section is vaporized, the hydrogen with overpressure enters the hydrogen discharging pipeline through the second liquid hydrogen safety valve root valve, the first liquid hydrogen safety valve and the first discharging check valve or through the fourth liquid hydrogen safety valve root valve, the second liquid hydrogen safety valve and the second discharging check valve, and finally is discharged from the hydrogen discharging outlet.
Preferably, the liquid hydrogen side flowmeter is arranged in the liquid hydrogen side main path and is used for measuring the liquid hydrogen flow; and the front end and the rear end of the heat exchanger to be detected are respectively provided with a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature before and after heat exchange.
Preferably, the hydrogen storage module comprises a hydrogen storage inlet valve, a hydrogen storage pressure sensor and a hydrogen storage bottle group, when the pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle group reaches a set value, a pressure signal is transmitted to the discharge regulating valve to open the hydrogen storage inlet valve, the hydrogen storage inlet valve is closed, and normal-temperature hydrogen (0-10 ℃ C.) at the outlet of the reheater directly passes through the discharge regulating valve, the discharge one-way valve, the hydrogen discharge pipeline and the hydrogen discharge outlet to finish discharge.
Preferably, the gas-hydrogen side comprises a gas-hydrogen inlet, a second nitrogen replacement check valve, a gas-hydrogen side replacement switch valve, a second replacement nitrogen inlet, a gas-hydrogen inlet valve, a gas-hydrogen inlet check valve, a gas-hydrogen side flowmeter, a fifth pressure sensor, a sixth temperature sensor, a seventh temperature sensor, a sixth pressure sensor, a gas-hydrogen outlet valve, a gas-hydrogen outlet and a replacement discharge valve, and 70MPa high-temperature hydrogen flows in from the gas-hydrogen inlet, sequentially passes through the gas-hydrogen inlet valve, the gas-hydrogen inlet check valve and the gas-hydrogen side flowmeter, enters the heat exchanger to be tested, and flows out through the gas-hydrogen outlet valve and the gas-hydrogen outlet; temperature sensors are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the heat exchanger to be detected and are used for detecting the temperature before and after heat exchange,
preferably, the refrigerant measurement comprises a fourth temperature sensor, a third pressure sensor, a refrigerant flowmeter, a refrigerant inlet ball valve, a cooling unit, a refrigerant outlet ball valve, a fourth pressure sensor, a fifth temperature sensor and a refrigerant bypass valve, wherein the refrigerant bypass valve is arranged between the refrigerant inlet ball valve and the refrigerant outlet ball valve, so that the refrigerant flow entering the heat exchanger to be measured can be regulated, the refrigerant flowmeter is arranged in a main path at the side of the refrigerant, and therefore the refrigerant flow is measured.
Preferably, the nitrogen module comprises a nitrogen cylinder, an inlet ball valve, a pressure reducing valve, a replacement pressure gauge, a filter, a first replacement switch valve, a second replacement switch valve, a first replacement nitrogen outlet and a second replacement nitrogen outlet, nitrogen flows out from the nitrogen cylinder and sequentially passes through the inlet ball valve, the pressure reducing valve and the filter, one of the nitrogen flows into a liquid hydrogen main pipeline through the first replacement switch valve, the first replacement nitrogen outlet, the replacement nitrogen inlet, the liquid hydrogen side replacement switch valve and the nitrogen replacement check valve in sequence, the liquid hydrogen side pipeline is replaced, and the other nitrogen flows into the high-pressure hydrogen pipeline through the second replacement switch valve, the second replacement nitrogen outlet, the second replacement nitrogen inlet, the gas hydrogen side replacement check valve and then enters the high-pressure hydrogen pipeline to replace the gas hydrogen side pipeline.
Preferably, the opening of the liquid hydrogen regulating valve and the opening of the refrigerant bypass valve can be controlled according to the value of the seventh temperature sensor so as to test the heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger to be tested under different set outlet temperatures, and the opening and closing of the release check valve can be controlled according to the value of the hydrogen storage pressure sensor so as to avoid overpressure of the hydrogen storage bottle group.
A method of testing a system for a hydrogen precooler, comprising the steps of:
step 1: the liquid hydrogen side nitrogen is replaced, the inlet ball valve, the first replacement switch valve, the liquid hydrogen side replacement switch valve, the liquid hydrogen regulating valve, the liquid hydrogen outlet switch valve and the hydrogen storage inlet valve are opened to replace a liquid hydrogen pipeline and a hydrogen storage bottle group, after replacement, the nitrogen replacement switch valve is closed, the discharge regulating valve is opened to discharge, and the process is repeated for 5 times and then restored;
step 2: the inlet ball valve, the second replacement switch valve, the gas-hydrogen side replacement switch valve and the gas-hydrogen inlet valve are opened to replace a gas-hydrogen pipeline, after replacement, the gas-hydrogen side replacement switch valve is closed, the replacement discharge valve is opened to discharge, and the recovery is carried out after 5 times of repetition;
step 3a (liquid hydrogen pre-cooling): the liquid hydrogen side opens the liquid hydrogen regulating valve, the liquid hydrogen outlet switching valve and the hydrogen storage inlet valve; the gas hydrogen side opens the gas hydrogen inlet valve and the gas hydrogen outlet valve, and the gas hydrogen side outlet temperature is set to be Ta;
step 3b (refrigerant pre-cooling): the liquid hydrogen side opens the refrigerant inlet ball valve and the refrigerant outlet ball valve; the gas hydrogen side opens the gas hydrogen inlet valve and the gas hydrogen outlet valve, and the gas hydrogen side outlet temperature is set to be Tb;
step 4: after the system is stable, reading measurement point values of the liquid hydrogen side flowmeter 106 (refrigerant flowmeter 203), the first pressure sensor (third pressure sensor), the first temperature sensor (fourth temperature sensor), the second temperature sensor (fifth temperature sensor) and the second pressure sensor (fourth pressure sensor), respectively recording the measurement point values as M1, P1, T2 and P2, calculating liquid hydrogen inlet and outlet enthalpy values as h1 and h2 through the P1, T2 and P2, and calculating the heat exchange quantity Q1 = M1 (h 2-h 1) of the liquid hydrogen side 1; reading measurement point values of the gas-hydrogen flow meter, the fifth pressure sensor, the sixth temperature sensor, the seventh temperature sensor and the sixth pressure sensor, respectively marking as M2, P3, T4 and P4, calculating enthalpy values of inlet and outlet liquid hydrogen respectively as h3 and h4 through P3, T4 and P4, calculating heat exchange quantity Q2=M2 (h 3-h 4) at the gas-hydrogen side, and calculating heat exchange rate phi=100% (Q1-Q2)/Q1 at the heat exchanger; the heat exchange coefficient k of the heat exchanger can be obtained by a logarithmic average temperature difference method;
step 5: the gas-hydrogen side outlet temperature is reset and step 4 is repeated.
In summary, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention couples the two types of hydrogen precooler test flows into one set of test device by comprising the liquid hydrogen test flow and the refrigerant test flow, thereby reducing the cost and improving the functionality of the device.
2. The gasified hydrogen is recycled and stored, so that the method can be used for secondary use of a hydrogen adding station, and hydrogen resources are saved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen precooler test system and a method thereof according to the present invention.
The index marks in the drawings are as follows: 1-liquid hydrogen side; 101-liquid hydrogen inlet; 102-first nitrogen replacement check valve; 103-liquid hydrogen side displacement switch valve; 104-a first replacement nitrogen inlet; 105-a low temperature emergency shut-off valve; 106-liquid hydrogen side flow meter; 107-a first bleed check valve; 112-a second bleed check valve; 125-a third bleed check valve; 108-a first liquid hydrogen safety valve root valve; 110-a second liquid hydrogen safety valve root valve; 113-a third liquid hydrogen safety valve root valve; 115-a fourth liquid hydrogen safety valve root valve; 109-a first liquid hydrogen safety valve; 114-a second liquid hydrogen safety valve; 111-a liquid hydrogen regulating valve; 116-a first pressure sensor; 117-a first temperature sensor; 118-a second temperature sensor; 119-a second pressure sensor; 120-liquid hydrogen outlet on-off valve; 121-a reheater; 122-a third temperature sensor; 123-bleed-off control valve; 124-a bleed check valve; 125-hydrogen bleed line; 126-hydrogen bleed outlet; 2-refrigerant side; 201-a fourth temperature sensor; 202-a third pressure sensor; 203-refrigerant flow meter; 204-refrigerant inlet ball valve; 205-cooling units; 206-a refrigerant outlet ball valve; 207-fourth pressure sensor; 208-a fifth temperature sensor; 209 refrigerant bypass valve; 3-a heat exchanger to be tested; 4-a hydrogen side; 401-a gas hydrogen inlet; 402-a second nitrogen replacement check valve; 403-gas-hydrogen side displacement switch valve; 404-a second replacement nitrogen inlet; 405-a gas hydrogen inlet valve; 406-a gas hydrogen inlet check valve; 407-gas-hydrogen flow meter; 408-a fifth pressure sensor; 409-a sixth temperature sensor; 410-a seventh temperature sensor; 411-sixth pressure sensor; 412-a gas hydrogen outlet valve; 413-a gaseous hydrogen outlet; 414-replacement bleed valve; 5-a hydrogen storage module; 501-a hydrogen storage inlet valve; 502-a hydrogen storage pressure sensor; 503-hydrogen storage bottle group; 6-nitrogen module; 601-nitrogen cylinder; 602-an inlet ball valve; 603-a pressure reducing valve; 604-displacement manometer; 605-a filter; 606-a first replacement switching valve; 607-a second replacement switching valve; 608-a first displacement nitrogen outlet; 609-second displacement nitrogen outlet.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in a method or process disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, each feature is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless expressly stated otherwise.
The invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1, wherein for convenience of description, the following orientations are defined as follows: the vertical, horizontal, vertical, front-to-back directions described below are the same as the vertical, horizontal, vertical, and horizontal directions of the view of fig. 1. Fig. 1 is a front view of the device of the present invention, and the direction of fig. 1 is the same as the vertical, horizontal, vertical, front-to-back, horizontal, and horizontal directions of the device of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention is provided: a hydrogen precooler test system comprises a liquid hydrogen side 1, a refrigerant test 2, a heat exchanger 3 to be tested, a gas hydrogen side 4, a hydrogen storage module 5 and a nitrogen module 6;
the liquid hydrogen side 1, the refrigerant test 2 and the gas hydrogen side 4 are respectively connected with the heat exchanger 3 to be tested through pipelines, so that gas can pass through the heat exchanger 3 to be tested, and then the heat exchanger 3 to be tested is treated, the liquid hydrogen side 1 and the hydrogen storage module 5 are connected through pipelines, so that gas in the liquid hydrogen side 1 can enter the hydrogen storage module 5, and the nitrogen module 6 is respectively connected with the liquid hydrogen side 1 and the gas hydrogen side 4 through pipelines, so that gas can respectively enter.
In addition, in one embodiment, the liquid hydrogen side 1 includes a liquid hydrogen inlet 101, a nitrogen gas replacement check valve 102, a liquid hydrogen side replacement switch valve 103, a replacement nitrogen gas inlet 104, a low temperature emergency shut off valve 105, a liquid hydrogen side flow meter 106, a first bleed check valve 107, a first liquid hydrogen relief valve root valve 108, a first liquid hydrogen relief valve 109, a second liquid hydrogen relief valve root valve 110, a liquid hydrogen regulating valve 111, a second bleed check valve 112, a third liquid hydrogen relief valve root valve 113, a second liquid hydrogen relief valve 114, a fourth liquid hydrogen relief valve root valve 115, a first pressure sensor 116, a first temperature sensor 117, a second temperature sensor 118, a second pressure sensor 119, a liquid hydrogen outlet switch valve 120, a recuperator 121, a third temperature sensor 122, a bleed control valve 123, a bleed check valve 124, a hydrogen bleed line 125, and a hydrogen bleed outlet 126.
Additionally, in one embodiment, the first liquid hydrogen relief valve root valve 108, the first liquid hydrogen relief valve 109, and the second liquid hydrogen relief valve root valve 110 are between the cryogenic emergency shut-off valve 105 and the liquid hydrogen regulator valve 111, the third liquid hydrogen relief valve root valve 113, the second liquid hydrogen relief valve 114, and the fourth liquid hydrogen relief valve root valve 115 are between the liquid hydrogen regulator valve 111 and the second temperature sensor 118, such that when liquid hydrogen in the closed segment is vaporized, excess pressure hydrogen enters the hydrogen gas discharge conduit 125 through the second liquid hydrogen relief valve root valve 110, the first liquid hydrogen relief valve 109, and the first discharge check valve 107 or through the fourth liquid hydrogen relief valve root valve 115, the second liquid hydrogen relief valve 114, and the second discharge check valve 112, and finally is discharged from the hydrogen gas discharge outlet 126.
In addition, in one embodiment, the liquid hydrogen flow meter 106 is disposed in the liquid hydrogen side 1 main path for measuring a liquid hydrogen flow rate; temperature sensors are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the heat exchanger 3 to be detected and are used for detecting the temperature before and after heat exchange.
In addition, in one embodiment, the hydrogen storage module 5 includes a hydrogen storage inlet valve 501, a hydrogen storage pressure sensor 502, and a hydrogen storage bottle group 503, when the pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle group 503 reaches a set value, a pressure signal is transmitted to the bleed-off adjusting valve 123 to open the hydrogen storage inlet valve 501, and the normal temperature hydrogen (0-10 ℃) at the outlet of the heat recovery device 121 directly passes through the bleed-off adjusting valve 123, the bleed-off check valve 124, the hydrogen bleed-off pipeline 125, and the hydrogen bleed-off outlet 126 to complete the bleed-off.
In addition, in one embodiment, the gas-hydrogen side 4 includes a gas-hydrogen inlet 401, a second nitrogen gas replacement check valve 402, a gas-hydrogen side replacement switch valve 403, a second replacement nitrogen gas inlet 404, a gas-hydrogen inlet valve 405, a gas-hydrogen inlet check valve 406, a gas-hydrogen side flowmeter 407, a fifth pressure sensor 408, a sixth temperature sensor 409, a seventh temperature sensor 410, a sixth pressure sensor 411, a gas-hydrogen outlet valve 412, a gas-hydrogen outlet 413, and a replacement discharge valve 414, and 70MPa high-temperature hydrogen gas flows in from the gas-hydrogen inlet 401, sequentially passes through the gas-hydrogen inlet valve 405, the gas-hydrogen inlet check valve 406, and the gas-hydrogen side flowmeter 407, enters the heat exchanger 3 to be tested, and after the front end and the rear end of the heat exchanger 3 to be tested are respectively provided with temperature sensors for detecting the temperature heat exchange before and after the heat exchange, the high-temperature hydrogen gas flows out through the gas-hydrogen outlet valve 412 and the gas-hydrogen outlet 413.
In addition, in one embodiment, the refrigerant test 2 includes a fourth temperature sensor 201, a third pressure sensor 202, a refrigerant flowmeter 203, a refrigerant inlet ball valve 204, a cooling unit 205, a refrigerant outlet ball valve 206, a fourth pressure sensor 207, a fifth temperature sensor 208, and a refrigerant bypass valve 209, where the refrigerant bypass valve 209 is between the refrigerant inlet ball valve 204 and the refrigerant outlet ball valve 206, so as to adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant entering the heat exchanger 3 to be tested, and the refrigerant flowmeter 203 is in a main path on the refrigerant side, so as to measure the flow rate of the refrigerant, when the heat exchanger 3 to be tested is in a refrigerant cooling mode, the refrigerant flows out of the cooling unit 205, sequentially enters the heat exchanger 3 to be tested through the refrigerant inlet ball valve 204 and the refrigerant flowmeter 203, exchanges heat with 70MPa high-temperature hydrogen, and returns to the cooling unit 205 through the refrigerant outlet ball valve 206.
In addition, in one embodiment, the nitrogen module 6 includes a nitrogen bottle 601, an inlet ball valve 602, a pressure reducing valve 603, a replacement pressure gauge 604, a filter 605, a first replacement switch valve 606, a second replacement switch valve 607, a first replacement nitrogen outlet 608, and a second replacement nitrogen outlet 609, and nitrogen flows from the nitrogen bottle 601, sequentially passes through the inlet ball valve 602, the pressure reducing valve 603, and the filter 605, and then is split into two parts, wherein one part sequentially passes through the first replacement switch valve 606, the first replacement nitrogen outlet 608, the replacement nitrogen inlet 104, the liquid hydrogen side replacement switch valve 103, and the nitrogen replacement check valve 102, and then enters a liquid hydrogen main pipeline, and the other part sequentially passes through the second replacement switch valve 607, the second replacement nitrogen outlet 609, the second replacement nitrogen inlet 404, the liquid hydrogen side replacement switch valve 403, and the second nitrogen replacement check valve 402, and then enters a high-pressure hydrogen pipeline, and then replaces the liquid hydrogen side 4 pipeline.
In addition, in one embodiment, the opening degree of the liquid hydrogen regulating valve 111 and the refrigerant bypass valve 209 may be controlled according to the value of the seventh temperature sensor 410, so as to test the heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger 3 to be tested at different set outlet temperatures, and the opening and closing of the discharge check valve 124 may be controlled according to the value of the hydrogen storage pressure sensor 502, so as to avoid the overpressure of the hydrogen storage bottle group 503.
A method of testing a system for a hydrogen precooler, comprising the steps of:
step 1: the liquid hydrogen side 1 nitrogen is replaced, the inlet ball valve 602, the first replacement switch valve 606, the liquid hydrogen side replacement switch valve 103, the liquid hydrogen regulating valve 111, the liquid hydrogen outlet switch valve 120 and the hydrogen storage inlet valve 501 are opened to replace a liquid hydrogen pipeline and a hydrogen storage bottle group, after replacement, the nitrogen replacement switch valve 103 is closed, the discharge regulating valve 123 is opened to discharge, and the recovery is repeated for 5 times;
step 2: the nitrogen on the gas hydrogen side 4 is replaced, the inlet ball valve 602, the second replacement switch valve 607, the gas hydrogen side replacement switch valve 403 and the gas hydrogen inlet valve 405 are opened to replace a gas hydrogen pipeline, after replacement, the gas hydrogen side replacement switch valve 403 is closed, the replacement discharge valve 414 is opened to discharge, and the recovery is carried out after repeating for 5 times;
step 3a (liquid hydrogen pre-cooling): the liquid hydrogen side 1 opens the liquid hydrogen regulating valve 111, the liquid hydrogen outlet switching valve 120, and the hydrogen storage inlet valve 501; the gas hydrogen side 4 opens the gas hydrogen inlet valve 405, the gas hydrogen outlet valve 412, and sets the gas hydrogen side 4 outlet temperature to Ta;
step 3b (refrigerant pre-cooling): the liquid hydrogen side 1 opens the refrigerant inlet ball valve 204 and the refrigerant outlet ball valve 206; the gas hydrogen side 4 opens the gas hydrogen inlet valve 405, the gas hydrogen outlet valve 412, and sets the gas hydrogen side 4 outlet temperature to Tb;
step 4: after the system is stable, reading measurement point values of the liquid hydrogen flow meter 106 (refrigerant flow meter 203), the first pressure sensor 116 (third pressure sensor 202), the first temperature sensor 117 (fourth temperature sensor 201), the second temperature sensor 118 (fifth temperature sensor 208) and the second pressure sensor 119 (fourth pressure sensor 207), respectively marking as M1, P1, T2 and P2, calculating liquid hydrogen inlet and outlet enthalpy values respectively as h1 and h2 through P1, T2 and P2, and calculating the heat exchange quantity Q1=m1 (h 2-h 1) of the liquid hydrogen side 1; reading measurement point values of the gas-hydrogen flow meter 407, the fifth pressure sensor 408, the sixth temperature sensor 409, the seventh temperature sensor 410 and the sixth pressure sensor 411, respectively recording as M2, P3, T4 and P4, calculating enthalpy values of inlet and outlet of liquid hydrogen respectively as h3 and h4 through P3, T4 and P4, calculating heat exchange quantity q2=m2 (h 3-h 4) of the gas-hydrogen side 1, and heat exchange rate phi=100% (Q1-Q2)/Q1; the heat exchange coefficient k of the heat exchanger can be obtained by a logarithmic average temperature difference method;
step 5: the outlet temperature of the gas-hydrogen side 4 is reset and step 4 is repeated.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, but is intended to cover any variations or alternatives not contemplated by the inventors. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention should be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a hydrogen precooler test system, includes liquid hydrogen side (1), refrigerant side (2), awaits measuring heat exchanger (3), gas hydrogen side (4), hydrogen storage module (5) and nitrogen gas module (6), its characterized in that: the liquid hydrogen side (1), the refrigerant side (2) and the gas hydrogen side (4) are respectively connected with the heat exchanger (3) to be tested through pipelines, so that gas passes through the heat exchanger (3) to be tested and is treated, the liquid hydrogen side (1) is connected with the hydrogen storage module (5) through pipelines, and the nitrogen module (6) is respectively connected with the liquid hydrogen side (1) and the gas hydrogen side (4) through pipelines;
the liquid hydrogen side (1) comprises a liquid hydrogen inlet (101), a nitrogen replacement check valve (102), a liquid hydrogen side replacement switch valve (103), a replacement nitrogen inlet (104), a low-temperature emergency shut-off valve (105), a liquid hydrogen side flowmeter (106), a first discharge check valve (107), a first liquid hydrogen safety valve root valve (108), a first liquid hydrogen safety valve (109), a second liquid hydrogen safety valve root valve (110), a liquid hydrogen regulating valve (111), a second discharge check valve (112), a third liquid hydrogen safety valve root valve (113), a second liquid hydrogen safety valve (114), a fourth liquid hydrogen safety valve root valve (115), a first pressure sensor (116), a first temperature sensor (117), a second temperature sensor (118), a second pressure sensor (119), a liquid hydrogen outlet switch valve (120), a reheater (121), a third temperature sensor (122), a discharge regulating valve (123), a discharge check valve (124), a hydrogen discharge pipeline (125) and a hydrogen discharge outlet (126); the gas-hydrogen side (4) comprises a gas-hydrogen inlet (401), a second nitrogen gas replacement check valve (402), a gas-hydrogen side replacement switch valve (403), a second replacement nitrogen gas inlet (404), a gas-hydrogen inlet valve (405), a gas-hydrogen inlet check valve (406), a gas-hydrogen side flowmeter (407), a fifth pressure sensor (408), a sixth temperature sensor (409), a seventh temperature sensor (410), a sixth pressure sensor (411), a gas-hydrogen outlet valve (412), a gas-hydrogen outlet (413) and a replacement discharge valve (414), 70MPa high-temperature hydrogen gas flows in from the gas-hydrogen inlet (401), sequentially passes through the gas-hydrogen inlet valve (405), the gas-hydrogen inlet check valve (406) and the gas-hydrogen side flowmeter (407) to enter the heat exchanger (3) to be detected, and temperature sensors are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the heat exchanger (3) to be detected and are used for flowing out through the gas-hydrogen outlet valve (412) and the gas-hydrogen outlet (413) after detecting temperature heat exchange before and after heat exchange; the nitrogen module (6) comprises a nitrogen cylinder (601), an inlet ball valve (602), a reducing valve (603), a replacement pressure gauge (604), a filter (605), a first replacement switch valve (606), a second replacement switch valve (607), a first replacement nitrogen outlet (608) and a second replacement nitrogen outlet (609), nitrogen flows out of the nitrogen cylinder (601), sequentially passes through the inlet ball valve (602), the reducing valve (603) and the filter (605) are divided into two, one of the nitrogen is sequentially passed through the first replacement switch valve (606), the first replacement nitrogen outlet (608), the replacement nitrogen inlet (104), the liquid hydrogen side replacement switch valve (103) and the nitrogen replacement check valve (102) enter a liquid hydrogen main pipeline, the liquid hydrogen side (1) pipeline is replaced, and the other nitrogen passes through the second replacement switch valve (607), the second replacement nitrogen inlet (404), the gas hydrogen side replacement switch valve (403) and the second nitrogen replacement check valve (402) are sequentially arranged, and then the nitrogen side replacement check valve (402) enters the high-pressure hydrogen side replacement pipeline, and the hydrogen side replacement is carried out.
2. The hydrogen pre-cooler testing system of claim 1, wherein: the first liquid hydrogen safety valve root valve (108), the first liquid hydrogen safety valve (109) and the second liquid hydrogen safety valve root valve (110) are arranged between the low-temperature emergency shut-off valve (105) and the liquid hydrogen regulating valve (111), the third liquid hydrogen safety valve root valve (113), the second liquid hydrogen safety valve (114) and the fourth liquid hydrogen safety valve root valve (115) are arranged between the liquid hydrogen regulating valve (111) and the second temperature sensor (118), when liquid hydrogen in a closed section is vaporized, overpressure hydrogen enters the hydrogen gas discharging pipeline (125) through the second liquid hydrogen safety valve root valve (110), the first liquid hydrogen safety valve (109) and the first discharging one-way valve (107) or through the fourth liquid hydrogen safety valve root valve (115), the second liquid hydrogen safety valve (114) and the second discharging one-way valve (112), and finally is discharged from the hydrogen gas discharging outlet (126).
3. A hydrogen pre-cooler testing system according to claim 2, wherein: the liquid hydrogen side flowmeter (106) is arranged on the main path of the liquid hydrogen side (1), and temperature sensors are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the heat exchanger (3) to be tested.
4. A hydrogen pre-cooler testing system according to claim 3, wherein: the hydrogen storage module (5) comprises a hydrogen storage inlet valve (501), a hydrogen storage pressure sensor (502) and a hydrogen storage bottle group (503).
5. The hydrogen pre-cooler testing system of claim 4, wherein: the refrigerant side (2) comprises a fourth temperature sensor (201), a third pressure sensor (202), a refrigerant flowmeter (203), a refrigerant inlet ball valve (204), a cooling unit (205), a refrigerant outlet ball valve (206), a fourth pressure sensor (207), a fifth temperature sensor (208) and a refrigerant bypass valve (209), wherein the refrigerant bypass valve (209) is arranged between the refrigerant inlet ball valve (204) and the refrigerant outlet ball valve (206)
The refrigerant flow meter (203) is located in the main path of the refrigerant side (2).
6. The hydrogen pre-cooler testing system of claim 5, wherein: the numerical value of the seventh temperature sensor (410) can control the opening of the liquid hydrogen regulating valve (111) and the refrigerant bypass valve (209) so as to test the heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger (3) to be tested under different set outlet temperatures, and the opening and closing of the discharge check valve (124) can be controlled according to the numerical value of the hydrogen storage pressure sensor (502) to avoid the overpressure of the hydrogen storage bottle group (503).
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the step of using the hydrogen pre-cooler test system comprises: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the liquid hydrogen side (1) is replaced by nitrogen, the inlet ball valve (602), the first replacement switch valve (606), the liquid hydrogen side replacement switch valve (103), the liquid hydrogen regulating valve (111), the liquid hydrogen outlet switch valve (120) and the hydrogen storage inlet valve (501) are opened to replace a liquid hydrogen pipeline and a hydrogen storage bottle group, after replacement, the liquid hydrogen side replacement switch valve (103) is closed, the discharge regulating valve (123) is opened to discharge, and the process is repeated for 5 times and then the recovery is carried out;
step 2: the nitrogen on the gas hydrogen side (4) is replaced, the inlet ball valve (602), the second replacement switch valve (607), the gas hydrogen side replacement switch valve (403) and the gas hydrogen inlet valve (405) are opened to replace a gas hydrogen pipeline, after replacement, the gas hydrogen side replacement switch valve (403) is closed, the replacement discharge valve (414) is opened to discharge, and the recovery is repeated for 5 times; step 3a (liquid hydrogen pre-cooling): the liquid hydrogen side (1) opens the liquid hydrogen regulating valve (111), the liquid hydrogen outlet switching valve (120) and the hydrogen storage inlet valve (501); the gas hydrogen side (4) opens the gas hydrogen inlet valve (405), the gas hydrogen outlet valve (412), and sets the gas hydrogen side (4) outlet temperature to Ta;
step 3b (refrigerant pre-cooling): the liquid hydrogen side (1) opens the refrigerant inlet ball valve (204) and the refrigerant outlet ball valve (206); the gas hydrogen side (4) opens the gas hydrogen inlet valve (405) and the gas hydrogen outlet valve (412), and sets the gas hydrogen side (4) outlet temperature to Tb;
step 4: after the system is stable, reading measurement point values of the liquid hydrogen side flowmeter (106) (refrigerant flowmeter (203)), the first pressure sensor (116) (third pressure sensor (202)), the first temperature sensor (117) (fourth temperature sensor (201)), the second temperature sensor (118) (fifth temperature sensor (208)), the second pressure sensor (119) (fourth pressure sensor (207)), respectively recording as M1, P1, T2 and P2, respectively calculating liquid hydrogen inlet and outlet enthalpy values as h1 and h2 through P1, T2 and P2, and calculating heat exchange quantity Q1=M1 (h 2-h 1) of the liquid hydrogen side (1); reading measurement point values of the gas-hydrogen side flowmeter (407), the fifth pressure sensor (408), the sixth temperature sensor (409), the seventh temperature sensor (410) and the sixth pressure sensor (411), respectively marking as M2, P3, T4 and P4, calculating enthalpy values of inlet and outlet of liquid hydrogen respectively as h3 and h4 through P3, T4 and P4, calculating heat exchange quantity Q2=M2 (h 3-h 4) of the gas-hydrogen side (1), and calculating heat exchange rate phi=100% (Q1-Q2)/Q1; the heat exchange coefficient k of the heat exchanger can be obtained by a logarithmic average temperature difference method;
step 5: the outlet temperature of the gas-hydrogen side (4) is reset and step 4 is repeated.
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