CN115324020A - Ultrahigh-water-head ship lock self-balanced outflow water output system - Google Patents
Ultrahigh-water-head ship lock self-balanced outflow water output system Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02C—SHIP-LIFTING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS
- E02C1/00—Locks or dry-docks; Shaft locks, i.e. locks of which one front side is formed by a solid wall with an opening in the lower part through which the ships pass
- E02C1/08—Arrangements for dissipating the energy of the water
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/30—Flood prevention; Flood or storm water management, e.g. using flood barriers
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Abstract
A self-balanced outflow water delivery system of an ultrahigh water head ship lock comprises a lock chamber, main galleries positioned at two sides of the lock chamber, a first diversion port positioned in the middle of the lock chamber, and second diversion ports respectively positioned at 1/4 and 3/4 of the length of the lock chamber, wherein an outlet of the first diversion port is communicated with the second diversion port through a middle branch gallery, and the second diversion port is communicated with an outlet branch gallery; the middle part of the water outlet branch gallery is divided into an upper water outlet branch gallery and a lower water outlet branch gallery which are independent by a partition plate, the water inlet of the upper water outlet branch gallery is positioned at the end of the second diversion port, and the water inlet of the lower water outlet branch gallery is positioned at the other end far away from the second diversion port and is connected with the second diversion port by adopting a connecting gallery. According to the invention, 2 water outlet branch galleries with opposite inflow directions are stacked, and the self-law of outflow of multiple branch holes is utilized, so that the complementation of outflow of water outlets of the upper and lower branch galleries is achieved, the effect of automatic balanced outflow of a full water outlet area in the full water conveying process is obtained, the safety of ship passing through a lock is improved, the water conveying efficiency of a lock chamber is improved, and the freight volume of passengers is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of inland river shipping engineering, in particular to a self-balanced outflow water output system of an ultrahigh water head ship lock.
Background
With the development of social economy, the navigation ships in China are continuously developed to be large-scale, the scale and the water head of the ship lock are also continuously improved, the high-water-head ship lock water delivery system type recommended by the current domestic and foreign specifications cannot meet the requirement of safe and efficient water delivery of the ultrahigh-water-head large ship lock, and obvious technical bottlenecks exist and need to be broken through urgently.
The main source of the ship mooring force for measuring the safety of the ship passing through the lock is the component force of the ship gravity G caused by the slope drop of the water surface, and the component force is the turbulent power and the flow velocity force of the water flow generated by the inflow of the lock chamber (see figure 6), so that the uniformity and the dispersity of the outflow in the lock chamber of the water delivery system are improved, the slope drop of the water surface of the lock chamber in the water delivery process is reduced, and the turbulent fluctuation of the water body of the lock chamber is reduced, and the optimal direction of the arrangement of the ship lock water delivery system is always.
From the aim of improving the uniformity of outflow, researchers propose an equal inertia water delivery principle, which strives to ensure that all the water outlet branch holes from the upstream to the lock chamber have the same resistance and inertia in the water delivery process through the arrangement of a water delivery gallery, so as to ensure the uniformity of outflow of all the water outlet branch holes of the lock chamber under the condition of non-constant water flow. A water conveying system (see figure 7) is arranged by adopting an equal inertia water conveying principle in a 600 t-level ship lock (the whole length of a lock chamber is 55 m) of I Fu Ci Lami on Ma Sihe Belgium in 1935, but the arrangement mode has insufficient outflow dispersion degree and centralized outflow, and cannot solve the problem of safe berthing of ships in the lock chamber of a large-lock-chamber-size high-head ship lock.
For a large high-head ship lock, in order to reduce the outflow energy of a single branch hole and reduce the water body turbulence of a lock chamber, a plurality of water outlet holes need to be distributed in the lock chamber as far as possible, if the outflow uniformity of the water outlet holes is ensured by adopting a mode of completely equal inertia of water delivery lines for water flows to all outlets as shown in fig. 7, the arrangement of water delivery galleries is very complex and even cannot be realized, so that in the research of a water delivery system of a lower granite ship lock (the size of the lock chamber is 206m × 26.2m, the maximum water head is 30.8m, and T =8.3 min), the equivalent inertia requirement is subjected to order reduction treatment by American researchers, and an equivalent inertia water delivery system arrangement type more suitable for engineering construction is obtained (see fig. 8).
The reduced-order equal-inertia water delivery system is widely adopted by subsequent high-head ship locks due to high water delivery efficiency and good ship mooring conditions in lock chambers, and the equal-inertia water delivery system is adopted by high-head ship locks behind granite ship locks in the United states and becomes classically included by the design specifications of ship lock water delivery systems of various countries. The classical equal inertia water delivery systems shown in figure 8 are adopted by large-scale high-head ship locks such as the Ge State dam ship lock, the three gorges continuous 5-level ship lock and the like in China.
However, the classical equal-inertia water delivery system only ensures the equal inertia of the branch port terminal node and sacrifices the equal inertia of the outflow branch holes on the outflow branch galleries of each outflow section at the bottom of the lock, so that outflow of the outflow branch holes arranged on the outflow gallery is not uniform, and the adaptability to the unsteady flow of the ship lock water delivery is poor. The dispersibility and uniformity of outflow from multiple branch holes of the outflow branch galleries of each section are key factors for judging whether an inertia water delivery system can obtain good effects, so that researchers at home and abroad carry out a great deal of research on the arrangement of the outflow branch galleries and the multiple outflow holes and the influence on the outflow uniformity.
Fig. 9 is a physical model research result of a water delivery system of a gezhou dam lock, and the research shows that outflow flow rates of multiple holes on an outflow corridor are not uniformly distributed in space, and the outflow corridor is longer, the holes are more, and the outflow flow rate difference of the multiple holes is larger. The multi-tap outflow is not only spatially non-uniform but also temporally different. Therefore, whether the multiple holes are arranged in an equal area and equal interval manner or in an unequal area and equal interval manner, it is unlikely that the flow of each orifice is completely equal in the whole process of water conveying of the ship lock, and the difference can be actually reduced as much as possible.
Zhang Ruikai, the mathematical model calculation for the purification indicates that, at the beginning of water delivery, the upstream branch holes near the inflow end begin to discharge water, and the discharge flow rate decreases as the distance between the branch holes and the inlet of the water branch gallery increases, after a short time (about 8 s), the outflow of each branch hole reaches equilibrium, then the discharge flow rate of the downstream branch holes far away from the inlet increases, and the outflow near the downstream branch holes begins to be more than that of the upstream branch holes. And the ratio of the outlet flow of the downstream branch hole to the outlet flow of the upstream branch hole increases along with the increase of the water delivery duration t until the water filling is finished. Research shows that in the whole water filling process, the flow distribution proportion of the branch holes is always changed, and uniform outflow of a plurality of branch holes of an outlet gallery of a classic equal inertia water delivery system is difficult to achieve. The research of Zhang Ruikai also indicates that even if the valve is opened for a long time, the water supply system will enter the downstream branch hole more quickly and discharge more.
Research on Yixinhua and Deng Tingzhe shows that the branch water outlet gallery is beneficial to ensuring uniform outflow of a plurality of holes within 50m, the branch water outlet gallery is too long and Kong Guoduo, outflow of the plurality of holes on the branch water outlet gallery is more uneven, and the branch water outlet gallery is also the reason that the indoor water outlet area of a large lock chamber of an inertial water delivery system such as a 4-section 8-longitudinal branch gallery water outlet classic system in all countries in the world only accounts for 60% -65% of the total area of the lock chamber (such as a lower granite lock in the United states, a Ge Zhou dam 1# lock in China and a three gorges lock). For a 40 m-grade large-scale ultrahigh-head ship lock, due to the fact that water delivery energy is huge, the outflow intensity of a single water outlet in the lock chamber is large under the dispersion degree, water bodies participating in outflow energy dissipation are insufficient, turbulent power and flow speed force of inflow of the lock chamber are large, outflow uniformity of a plurality of holes is reduced along with the increase of water delivery energy, water surface slope drop is increased in the water delivery process, and the mooring condition of ships in the lock chamber is poor.
The method is characterized in that the outflow intensity of a single water outlet hole is reduced, energy dissipation space is correspondingly expanded, and the angle of water body turbulence of a lock chamber is reduced, 2 water delivery systems suitable for large-scale ultrahigh-head ship locks are obtained through research of the Yangtze water conservancy Committee Yangtze scientific institute, and national patents are issued in 2015 and 2020 for a full-lock-chamber water delivery system (ZL 201510500655. X) suitable for large-scale ultrahigh-head ship locks and a double-layer lock water delivery system (ZL 202010824517.8) capable of longitudinally penetrating water at the bottom of the ship locks, and the full-lock-chamber water delivery system and the double-layer lock water delivery system are successfully applied to a big canyon ship lock with a maximum water head of 40.25m and a three gorge water transportation new channel continuous 5-level ship lock with a maximum middle-level water head of 45.2m (project can be developed stage design schemes). Research shows that for a 40 m-level ultrahigh-head ship lock, outflow is more dispersed by lengthening the water outlet gallery, and outflow uniformity of a plurality of holes of the lengthened water outlet gallery is adjusted as much as possible by optimizing the body type and the area of the water outlet holes, so that the problem of ship mooring safety can be solved, but research on a 60 m-level ultrahigh-head ship lock by a national key research and development subject (2016 YFC 0402001) shows that after the water head is improved to 60m, the water delivery energy is greatly increased, the outflow uniformity of the plurality of holes of the long water outlet gallery of the water delivery system is further deteriorated and is difficult to correct.
Therefore, how to more uniformly discharge on the premise of more dispersed discharge is a further problem in the front of researchers, and how to increase the length of a discharge branch gallery, reduce the discharge intensity of a single water outlet hole, correspondingly expand energy dissipation space, and improve the discharge uniformity of a plurality of water outlet holes and the adaptability to unsteady flow of ship lock water delivery so as to solve the problem of ship berthing safety under the huge energy of higher-water-head ultrahigh-head ship lock water delivery is a further problem.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a self-balanced outflow water delivery system of an ultrahigh-head ship lock, which is an inertial water delivery system for 4-section 16-branch gallery outflow water and the like, can improve the mooring condition of ships in a lock chamber, not only improves the safety of ship passing through the lock, but also increases the passing capacity of the ship lock.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a self-balanced outflow water delivery system of an ultrahigh water head ship lock comprises a lock chamber, main galleries positioned at two sides of the lock chamber, a first diversion port positioned in the middle of the lock chamber, and second diversion ports respectively positioned at 1/4 and 3/4 of the length of the lock chamber, wherein an outlet of the first diversion port is communicated with the second diversion port through a middle branch gallery, and the second diversion port is communicated with an outlet branch gallery; the vertical surface of the water outlet branch gallery is rectangular, the middle part of the water outlet branch gallery is divided into an upper water outlet branch gallery and a lower water outlet branch gallery which are independent by a partition plate, a water inlet of the upper water outlet branch gallery is positioned at the end of the second diversion port, water outlets at the top part of the upper water outlet branch gallery are uniformly distributed, and the energy dissipation cover plate is added at the upper part of the water outlet at the top part to dissipate energy; the water inlet of the lower-layer water outlet branch gallery is positioned at the other end far away from the second diversion port and is connected with the second diversion port by adopting a connecting gallery, side wall water outlets are uniformly distributed on two side walls of the lower-layer water outlet branch gallery, and energy dissipation is adopted after water flows out of the side wall water outlets.
Furthermore, after the water flow entering the lock chamber is divided by the first flow dividing port and the second flow dividing port, four water outlet sections with the same area are formed, and the total area of the four water outlet sections accounts for 85% of the total plane area of the lock chamber.
Furthermore, the first flow dividing port comprises two inlets respectively connected with the left main gallery and the right main gallery and two outlets respectively connected with the upper branch gallery and the lower branch gallery; the second branch flow port comprises an inlet connected with the middle branch gallery and eight outlets respectively connected with the upper-layer water outlet branch gallery and the connecting gallery.
Furthermore, the first flow dividing port adopts a three-dimensional flow dividing type, and the body types of the end parts of the flow dividing partition plates positioned at the inlet and the outlet are semi-ellipses.
Furthermore, the second diversion port adopts a self-diversion type with diversion ridges and is of a large cavity structure, and water flows enter the second diversion port from the middle branch gallery and then enter each branch water gallery through three-time diversion during water filling.
Furthermore, when the lock chamber is filled with water, the water flow out of the middle branch gallery enters the second diversion port, the diversion ridge along the center line of the lock chamber is divided into two parts, the water flow is respectively diverted to the left side and the right side, then the water flow on each side is divided into two parts by self-diversion, and the water flow is diverted to the axis direction of the water outlet gallery of each section, wherein the water flow diverted to the 1/4 section or the 4/4 section is divided into 2 parts by self-diversion again and respectively enters the upper layer water outlet gallery and the lower layer connection gallery, the water flow diverted to the 2/4 section or the 3/4 section is also divided into 2 parts by self-diversion again and respectively enters the upper layer water outlet branch gallery and the lower layer connection gallery, and a 4-section 16 longitudinal branch gallery water outlet and water delivery system arrangement pattern is formed.
Furthermore, the water outlet holes at the top of the upper water outlet branch gallery and the water outlet holes at the side wall of the lower water outlet branch gallery are correspondingly arranged on the cross section of the same lock chamber from near to far and from far to near one by one.
Furthermore, 14 top water outlets are uniformly arranged on the top of the upper-layer water outlet branch gallery from the near end to the far end, and 2 × 14 side wall water outlets are uniformly arranged on two side walls of the lower-layer water outlet branch gallery from the near end to the far end.
According to the invention, 2 water outlet branch galleries with opposite inflow directions are stacked, and the self-law of outflow of the multi-branch holes is utilized, so that the complementation of outflow of water outlets of the upper and lower branch galleries is achieved, and the effect of automatic balanced outflow of the whole water outlet area in the whole water conveying process is obtained, thus the water surface slope of the lock chamber in the water conveying process is reduced, the mooring force of the ship is reduced, the safety of ship passing through the lock is improved, the water conveying efficiency of the lock chamber is improved, and the freight carrying capacity of passengers is increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a self-balanced outflow water delivery system for an ultra-high head ship lock according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the self-balanced outflow water delivery system of the ultra-high head ship lock according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second port of the present invention, wherein (a) is a plan view of the second port and (b) is a sectional view of the second port;
fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure of the outlet branch gallery and the water outlet holes and energy dissipation facilities in fig. 2, wherein (a) is a structural schematic view of an energy dissipation open ditch, and (b) is a structural schematic view of the outlet branch gallery;
FIG. 5 is a 3D schematic of the ultra high head lock self-equalizing outflow water delivery system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the ship's stress during the lock water transfer process;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a fully equal inertia water delivery system;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an inertial water delivery system such as a gate bottom 4 section 8 longitudinal branch gallery;
fig. 9 is a graph of the process of the change of the outflow flow rate of the multi-branch hole of the water supply branch gallery of the ship lock water supply system of the gezhou dam.
In the figure: the method comprises the following steps of 1-lock chamber, 2-main gallery, 3-first branch opening, 4-middle branch gallery, 5-second branch opening, 6-upper-layer outlet branch gallery, 7-connection gallery, 8-lower-layer outlet branch gallery, 9-top water outlet hole, 10-side-wall water outlet hole, 11-energy dissipation cover plate and 12-energy dissipation open ditch.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-5, an embodiment of the present invention provides a self-balanced outflow water delivery system of an ultrahigh-head ship lock, which is a 4-segment 16-section longitudinal-branch water gallery water delivery system, and includes a lock chamber 1, a main gallery 2, a first branch outlet 3, a middle branch gallery 4, a second branch outlet 5, an upper-layer branch outlet gallery 6, a joining gallery 7, a lower-layer branch outlet gallery 8, a top water outlet 9, a side-wall water outlet 10, an energy dissipation cover plate 11, and an energy dissipation open trench 12.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the main galleries 2 are located at two sides of the lock chamber 1, the first diversion port 3 is located at the middle of the lock chamber 1, and includes two inlets respectively connected to the left and right main galleries 2 and two outlets respectively connected to the upstream and downstream middle branch galleries 4, and adopts a three-dimensional diversion type, the shapes of the end portions of the diversion partitions located at the inlets and the outlets are semi-ellipses, and the ratio of the length to the half axis of the ellipse is determined according to the pressure distribution characteristics of the end portions of the diversion partitions, the structural construction requirements and the like.
With further reference to fig. 1, 2 and 3, two second diversion ports 5 are provided, which are respectively located at 1/4 and 3/4 of the length of the lock chamber 1, each second diversion port 5 comprises an inlet connected with the middle branch gallery 4 and eight outlets respectively connected with the upper branch water gallery 6 and the connecting gallery 7 (as shown in (a) of fig. 3), which adopts a large-cavity self-diversion structure, when filling water, the water flow enters the second diversion ports 5 from the middle branch gallery 4 and then enters each branch water gallery through three-time diversion, and the diversion uniformity is determined by adjusting the resistance of the water delivery system at the rear part of the diversion port through digital-analog calculation.
With further reference to fig. 1 and 4, the upper outlet branch gallery 6 and the lower outlet branch gallery 8 are formed by adding a partition plate in the middle of the outlet branch gallery in an inertial water delivery system such as a classic 4-segment 8 longitudinal branch gallery, and the like, and the characteristic sizes of the outlet branch gallery and the water outlet holes are determined by a series model test, so that the inlet flow of the upper outlet branch gallery 6 and the lower outlet branch gallery 8 is uniform; the top water outlet hole 9 adopts an energy dissipation cover plate 11 to dissipate energy, and the side wall water outlet hole 10 adopts an open ditch 12 to dissipate energy.
The inlet of the upper outlet branch gallery 6 is positioned at one end of the second branch flow port 5, the inlet of the lower outlet branch gallery 8 is positioned at the other end far away from the second branch flow port 5, and the lower outlet branch gallery 8 is connected with the second branch flow port 5 through a water outlet hole-free gallery; the top of the upper outlet branch gallery 6 is uniformly provided with 14 top water outlets 9 from the near end to the far end (according to the inflow direction of the upper outlet branch gallery 6), the energy dissipation cover plate 11 is added on the upper part of the top water outlet 9 to dissipate energy, two side walls of the lower outlet branch gallery 8 are uniformly provided with 2 multiplied by 14 side wall water outlets 10 from the near end to the far end (according to the inflow direction of the lower outlet branch gallery 8), and the energy dissipation open ditch 12 is adopted to dissipate energy after water flows out of the side wall water outlets 10.
The vertical surface of the branch water outlet gallery is rectangular, the middle part of the branch water outlet gallery is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer which are independent by a partition plate, the branch water outlet gallery is divided into the upper layer and the lower layer by the partition plate and can be regarded as two water outlet branch galleries which are stacked up and down, the inlet of the branch water outlet gallery 6 at the upper layer and the inlet of the branch water outlet gallery 8 at the lower layer are respectively positioned at two ends of the branch water outlet gallery, namely the inlet end at the upper layer and the closed end at the tail end at the lower layer are positioned on the same cross section of the lock chamber, and the inlet end at the lower layer and the closed end at the tail end at the upper layer are positioned on the same cross section of the lock chamber; the water outlet holes 9 on the top of the upper-layer water outlet branch gallery 6 and the water outlet holes on the side wall of the lower-layer water outlet branch gallery 8 are arranged on the cross section of the same lock chamber in a one-to-one correspondence manner from near to far to near.
The water flow entering the lock chamber 1 is divided by the first flow dividing port 3 and the second flow dividing port 5 to form four water outlet sections with the same area, and the total area of the four water outlet sections accounts for 85% of the total plane area of the lock chamber 1.
After entering the second diversion port 5 from the middle branch gallery 4, the water flow is divided into two parts through a diversion ridge arranged at the center line of the ship lock, the water flow is respectively turned to the left side and the right side, then the water flow at each side is divided into two parts again, the water flow is turned to the axis direction of the water outlet gallery of each section, wherein the water flow turned to the 1/4 section (or 4/4 section) is divided into 2 parts again, the water flow respectively enters the upper layer water outlet gallery 6 and the lower layer water outlet gallery 8 of each section, the water flow turned to the 2/4 section (or 3/4 section) is also divided into 2 parts again, the water flow respectively enters the upper layer water outlet branch gallery 6 and the lower layer water outlet branch gallery 8 of each section, a 4-section 16 longitudinal branch gallery water outlet and conveying system arrangement mode is formed, the second diversion port 5 is a one-in-eight-out arrangement mode with a diversion ridge large cavity, and the water in the cavity flows through three times of diversion. The water conservancy diversion ridge type is determined according to the low flow velocity zone form that the linear cavity of second diffluence opening formed when sluicing, and research of big rattan gorge lock and orphan ship lock discovers that the linear cavity appears random pressure precipitations on the side wall of the confluence zone of the diffluence opening during sluicing, and the higher the gallery flow velocity is, the larger the precipitations are during sluicing, and after the water conservancy diversion ridge is added according to the low flow velocity zone form that the confluence forms, the pressure precipitations disappear.
The mechanism for improving the parking condition of the lock chamber is that each water outlet gallery in a classic 4-section 8-branch gallery water delivery system is changed into 2 upper and lower water outlet branch galleries with opposite inflow directions through a partition plate added in the middle and a reverse opening, the self-law of multi-branch outflow is shown in figure 9, and the dynamic complementation of outflow from water outlets of the upper and lower branch galleries is utilized to achieve the purpose of automatic balanced outflow of a full water outlet area in the full water delivery process, so that the problem of poor uniformity of outflow of the multi-branch holes of a long water outlet gallery under large water delivery energy is solved. Meanwhile, after the classic 4-section 8-longitudinal-branch gallery water delivery system is changed into a 4-section 16-longitudinal-branch gallery water delivery system, water outlet holes are uniformly distributed in the upper and lower water outlet galleries, so that the number of the water outlet holes is greatly increased, the outflow intensity of a single water outlet hole is correspondingly reduced, and the outflow turbulence is reduced. In the whole water delivery process, the energy of the full water outlet area automatically and uniformly discharged and discharged from the single hole is reduced, and the berthing condition of the ship lock chamber of the ultrahigh-water-head ship lock is optimized. In addition, the second diversion port 5 adopts a large-cavity self-diversion structure, so that the plane size of the second diversion port 5 is greatly reduced, the area where water outlet holes cannot be arranged is reduced, the percentage of the gate chambers in the water outlet area is increased to about 85% compared with that of the gate chambers in the conventional arrangement, the water delivery arrangement is dispersed, the volume of the water body participating in energy dissipation can be obviously increased, and the specific energy of the unit water body is reduced.
The 85% dispersed arrangement, the automatic balanced outflow of the whole water outlet area in the whole water conveying process and the reduction of the single-hole outflow energy effectively reduce the water surface slope and turbulence of the lock chamber in the lock chamber water conveying process, the combined action of the measures improves the berthing condition of the ship in the lock chamber, not only improves the safety of ship passing through the lock, but also improves the working head and the tonnage of the passing ship of the lock, and correspondingly improves the passing capacity of the lock.
The previous single-layer outlet gallery research conclusion is introduced: the longer the outlet gallery is, the more holes are arranged, the worse the uniformity of the outflow of the multiple holes is, so the number of the water outlets of each outlet gallery is generally controlled to be about 12 (top holes) or 12 pairs (side holes). The number of the water outlet holes is selected according to the matching relation between the outflow intensity and the energy dissipation water body, and meanwhile, the construction cost is also considered.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. An ultrahigh water head ship lock self-balanced outflow water delivery system comprises a lock chamber (1), main galleries (2) positioned at two sides of the lock chamber (1), a first diversion port (3) positioned in the middle of the lock chamber (1), and second diversion ports (5) respectively positioned at 1/4 and 3/4 of the length of the lock chamber (1), wherein an outlet of the first diversion port (3) is communicated with the second diversion port (5) through a middle branch gallery, and the second diversion port (5) is communicated with an outflow branch gallery; the method is characterized in that: the vertical surface of the water outlet branch gallery is rectangular, the middle part of the water outlet branch gallery is divided into an upper water outlet branch gallery (6) and a lower water outlet branch gallery (8) by a partition plate, the water inlet of the upper water outlet branch gallery (6) is positioned at the end of the second branch flow port (5), the top of the upper water outlet branch gallery (6) is uniformly provided with top water outlet holes (9), and the upper part of the top water outlet holes (9) is added with an energy dissipation cover plate (11) to dissipate energy; the water inlet of the lower-layer water outlet branch gallery (8) is located at the other end far away from the second branch flow port (5) and is connected with the second branch flow port (5) through a connecting gallery (7), side wall water outlets (10) are uniformly arranged on two side walls of the lower-layer water outlet branch gallery (8), and energy dissipation is achieved through an energy dissipation open ditch (12) after the water flows out of the side wall water outlets (10).
2. The ultra-high head ship lock self-equalizing effluent delivery system of claim 1, wherein: the water flow entering the lock chamber (1) is divided by the first flow dividing port (3) and the second flow dividing port (5) to form four water outlet sections with the same area, and the total area of the four water outlet sections accounts for 85% of the total plane area of the lock chamber (1).
3. The ultra-high head lock self-equalizing outflow water delivery system of claim 1, wherein: the first flow dividing port (3) comprises two inlets respectively connected with the left main gallery and the right main gallery (2) and two outlets respectively connected with the upper branch gallery and the lower branch gallery (4); the second branch flow opening (5) comprises an inlet connected with the middle branch gallery (4) and eight outlets respectively connected with the upper-layer water outlet branch gallery (6) and the connecting gallery (7).
4. The ultra-high head lock self-equalizing outflow water delivery system of claim 3, wherein: the first flow dividing port (3) adopts a three-dimensional flow dividing type, and the body types of the end parts of the flow dividing partition plates positioned at the inlet and the outlet are semi-ellipses.
5. The ultra-high head lock self-equalizing outflow water delivery system of claim 3, wherein: the second diversion port (5) adopts a self-diversion type with diversion ridges and is of a large cavity structure, and water flow enters the second diversion port (5) from the middle branch gallery (4) and then enters each branch water branch gallery through three-time diversion during water filling.
6. The ultra-high head lock self-equalizing outflow water delivery system of claim 1, wherein: when the lock chamber is filled with water, the water flow out of the middle branch gallery (4) enters the second diversion port (5), the diversion ridge at the central line of the lock chamber is firstly divided into two parts along the central line of the lock chamber, the two parts are respectively turned to the left side and the right side, then the water flow at each side is divided into two parts by self-diversion, the water flow is turned to the axial direction of the water outlet gallery of each section, wherein the water flow turned to the 1/4 section or the 4/4 section is divided into 2 parts by self-diversion again and respectively enters the upper water outlet gallery (6) and the lower connecting gallery (7), the water flow turned to the 2/4 section or the 3/4 section is also divided into 2 parts by self-diversion again and respectively enters the upper water outlet branch gallery (6) and the lower connecting gallery (7), and a 4-section 16 longitudinal branch gallery water outlet and water conveying system arrangement pattern is formed.
7. The ultra-high head lock self-equalizing outflow water delivery system of claim 1, wherein: and the water outlet holes (9) at the tops of the upper water outlet branch galleries (6) and the water outlet holes on the side walls of the lower water outlet branch galleries (8) are arranged on the cross section of the same lock chamber in a one-to-one correspondence manner from near to far to near.
8. The ultra-high head lock self-equalizing outflow water delivery system of claim 1, wherein: 14 top apopores (9) are evenly arranged from the near end to the far end at the top of the upper-layer water outlet branch gallery (6), and 2 multiplied by 14 side wall apopores (10) are evenly arranged from the near end to the far end on the two side walls of the lower-layer water outlet branch gallery (8).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211004310.1A CN115324020B (en) | 2022-08-22 | 2022-08-22 | Self-balancing outflow water delivery system of ultrahigh-head ship lock |
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| CN202211004310.1A CN115324020B (en) | 2022-08-22 | 2022-08-22 | Self-balancing outflow water delivery system of ultrahigh-head ship lock |
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| CN115324020A true CN115324020A (en) | 2022-11-11 |
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| CN103806425A (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2014-05-21 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Dispersed water delivery system for high-water-head ship lock |
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| CN111287167A (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2020-06-16 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Water delivery system type suitable for 60 m-level single-stage ship lock |
| CN211849366U (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2020-11-03 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Water delivery device based on lock chamber layering energy dissipation |
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| CN103806425A (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2014-05-21 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Dispersed water delivery system for high-water-head ship lock |
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| CN111287167A (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2020-06-16 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Water delivery system type suitable for 60 m-level single-stage ship lock |
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