CN115323510A - Fiber yarn spinning device and spinning process thereof - Google Patents
Fiber yarn spinning device and spinning process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115323510A CN115323510A CN202211053512.5A CN202211053512A CN115323510A CN 115323510 A CN115323510 A CN 115323510A CN 202211053512 A CN202211053512 A CN 202211053512A CN 115323510 A CN115323510 A CN 115323510A
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- yarn
- fiber
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
- D01D5/0985—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching by means of a flowing gas (e.g. melt-blowing)
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
- D02G3/38—Threads in which fibres, filaments, or yarns are wound with other yarns or filaments, e.g. wrap yarns, i.e. strands of filaments or staple fibres are wrapped by a helically wound binder yarn
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
Abstract
The invention discloses a fiber yarn spinning device and a spinning process thereof, belonging to the technical field of spinning, and comprising a yarn feeding mechanism, a fiber gathering and wrapping mechanism, a pressing mechanism and a winding mechanism which are sequentially connected, wherein a spinning head is arranged above the fiber gathering and wrapping mechanism, the yarn feeding mechanism comprises a spinning yarn and a roller, the spinning head comprises a molten polymer pipeline, hot air pipelines are arranged on the left side and the right side of the molten polymer pipeline, a cold air pipeline is arranged on the outer side of the hot air pipeline, a fiber guide pipe which is obliquely arranged is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cold air pipeline, the fiber gathering and wrapping mechanism comprises a negative pressure air box and an air suction pump, a communication groove with an inverted trapezoid structure is arranged on the top surface of the negative pressure air box, a first micropore is arranged on the groove wall of the communication groove, a second micropore is arranged at the groove bottom of the communication groove, the first micropore and the second micropore are arranged in a staggered manner, and the spinning yarn penetrates through the communication groove. The method improves the inclusion force of the micro-nanofiber yarn and improves the uniformity of the yarn wrapped with the micro-nanofiber.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fiber yarn spinning device and a spinning process thereof, and belongs to the technical field of spinning.
Background
The yarns comprise staple fibers and continuous filaments, and with the continuous improvement of the living standard of substances, people have requirements on fabrics of clothes, decoration and the like, the fabrics are not only beautiful in appearance, but also have improved requirements on hand feeling, texture and comfort of the fabrics.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a fiber yarn spinning device.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a fiber yarn spinning device comprises a yarn feeding mechanism, a fiber collecting and wrapping mechanism, a pressing mechanism and a winding mechanism which are connected in sequence, wherein a spinning nozzle is arranged above the fiber collecting and wrapping mechanism, and the yarn feeding mechanism comprises a spinning roller and a roller;
the spinneret comprises a vertically arranged molten polymer pipeline, hot air pipelines are vertically arranged on the left side and the right side of the molten polymer pipeline, a cold air pipeline is vertically arranged on the outer side of the hot air pipeline, a fiber guide pipe which is obliquely arranged is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cold air pipeline, the bottom end of the fiber guide pipe is obliquely arranged towards the direction far away from the yarn feeding mechanism, the cross section of the fiber guide pipe is of a crescent structure, and the concave surface of the fiber guide pipe is arranged towards the yarn feeding mechanism;
the fibre is gathered a packet mechanism and is included negative pressure bellows and aspiration pump, negative pressure bellows top surface level sets up, negative pressure bellows top surface is provided with the groove of linking up of falling the trapezium structure, the cell wall that the groove led to the groove is provided with micropore one, the tank bottom that the groove led to the groove is provided with micropore two, and micropore one and two staggered arrangement of micropore, every links up a groove and corresponds a fibre guide tube, the spinning runs through in linking up the inslot to through the cooperation of yarn feeding mechanism and pressing mechanism and horizontal migration, micropore one, two intercommunication negative pressure bellows inner chambers of micropore, the aspiration pump makes negative pressure bellows inner chamber form the negative pressure.
Furthermore, a coating mechanism is arranged between the pressing mechanism and the winding mechanism and comprises a support frame, a hollow spindle is rotatably connected to the support frame, a coating wire is arranged on the hollow spindle and rotates along with the rotation of the hollow spindle, the hollow spindle is driven by a motor, and the motor is fixedly connected to the support frame.
Furthermore, the rotation speed of the coating wire is 2500 to 4000r/min.
Furthermore, the inclined angle between the fiber guide pipe and the vertical surface is 20 to 30 degrees, and the inclined angle between the end face at the bottom end of the fiber guide pipe and the horizontal plane is 10 to 15 degrees.
Further, the groove depth of the groove is 12-20mm, the included angle between the groove wall of the groove and the vertical surface is 20-40 degrees, the opening width of the groove is larger than the outer diameter of the fiber guide pipe, and the groove bottom width of the groove is smaller than the inner diameter of the fiber guide pipe.
Further, the negative pressure absolute value of the through groove is 0.5 to 100Pa.
Further, the aperture of the first micropore and the second micropore is 0.2 to 1mm, and the aperture density is 2 to 5/cm 2 。
Further, the top end of the first micropore inclines downwards towards the direction close to the pressing mechanism, and the inclination angle is 25 to 35 degrees; the top end of the second micropore inclines downwards towards the direction away from the pressing mechanism, and the inclination angle is 30 to 40 degrees.
Furthermore, the pressing mechanism comprises a lower roller and an upper roller which rotate in opposite directions and have the same speed, the axial lead of the lower roller and the axial lead of the upper roller form an inclined plane, the axial lead of the upper roller is arranged towards the direction far away from the spinneret, and a roller of the yarn feeding mechanism is matched with the lower roller to horizontally arrange spun yarns.
Furthermore, the included angle between the inclined surface and the vertical surface is 10 to 15 degrees.
Furthermore, the surfaces of the upper roller and the lower roller are provided with pressing grooves with a trapezoidal structure, and the pressing grooves of the upper roller and the pressing grooves of the lower roller are arranged in a staggered mode.
Furthermore, the rotating speed of the upper roller and the lower roller is 250 to 850r/min.
The spinning process of the fiber yarn spinning device comprises the following steps:
(1) Firstly, adopting a melt-blowing process, spraying a molten high polymer from a spinning nozzle, and stretching a polymer jet by using high-speed air flow to form micro-nanofibers under the action of high-speed hot air flow in a heated air pipeline before the molten high polymer jet is cooled and solidified;
(2) The micro-nano fibers are ejected in a fan shape along with air flow and guided by the fiber guide tube, the micro-nano fibers are gathered in the communication groove through negative pressure formed by the communication groove, and the spun yarns horizontally move in the communication groove through the first micropore and the second micropore, so that the micro-nano fibers form a slantwise-paved ring shape to wrap the whole surface of the spun yarns, and the spun yarns wrapped with the micro-nano fibers are tensioned by the lower roller and then are compressed by the upper roller;
(3) The compressed spun yarn wrapped with the micro-nano fibers enters a wrapping mechanism, a wrapping yarn rotates along with a hollow spindle to form a rotating coil, and the micro-nano fibers wrapped on the surface of the spun yarn are wound to form a yarn wrapped with the micro-nano fibers;
(4) The winding mechanism winds the yarn.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the fiber yarn spinning device, the micro-nanofibers sprayed by the spinning nozzle are coagulated by negative pressure of the communication groove through the fan-shaped micro-nanofibers obliquely and downwards sprayed out through the fiber guide pipe, and the micro-nanofibers are used for annularly wrapping spun yarns for 360 degrees through the micropores I and the micropores II; the bonding strength of the micro-nano fibers and the spun yarns is enhanced through a pressing mechanism, and then the micro-nano fibers and the spun yarns are wound through a coating mechanism to form yarns coated with the micro-nano fibers; by the fiber yarn spinning device, the inclusion force of the micro-nano fiber yarns is improved, and the uniformity of the yarns coated with the micro-nano fibers is improved; the fiber yarn spinning device provided by the invention can avoid the drop of melt-blown fibers, effectively prevent the formation of fiber yarn hairiness, and greatly improve the hand feeling, texture and comfort of the manufactured fabric.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a structure of a fiber yarn spinning device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fiber guide tube of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the micro-nano fiber sprayed by the fiber guide tube of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a view of the fiber guide tube of the present invention in the direction of the spinning movement.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a micro-hole of the present invention taken along the direction of spinning movement.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the second micro-hole of the present invention along the spinning direction.
Fig. 7 is a view of the upper and lower cylinders of the invention in the direction of the spinning movement.
In the figure: 1. yarn feeding mechanism 11, spinning yarn 12, roller 2, spinning nozzle 21, fiber guide tube 3, fiber gathering and packing mechanism 31, negative pressure air box 32, groove channel 33, micropore I, micropore II, micropore 4, pressing mechanism 41, lower roller 42, upper roller 43, groove pressing 5, coating mechanism 51, hollow spindle 52, coating yarn 53, support frame 6 and winding mechanism.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the implementation of the present invention will be made clear and fully described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 6, a fiber yarn spinning device according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a yarn feeding mechanism 1, a spinneret 2, a fiber collecting and packing mechanism 3, a pressing mechanism 4, a packing mechanism 5, and a winding mechanism 6, wherein the yarn feeding mechanism 1, the fiber collecting and packing mechanism 3, the pressing mechanism 4, the packing mechanism 5, and the winding mechanism 6 are connected in sequence, and the spinneret 2 is disposed above the fiber collecting and packing mechanism 3 and on a side of the pressing mechanism 4 close to the yarn feeding mechanism 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the yarn feeding mechanism 1 is composed of a spun yarn 11 and a roller 12, the spun yarn 11 is made of a chemical fiber filament or yarn, and the roller of the yarn feeding mechanism 1 is horizontally arranged in cooperation with the pressing mechanism 4 to pull out the chemical fiber filament or yarn, so that the spun yarn 11 is always horizontally moved.
As shown in fig. 1, the spinneret 2 is composed of a hot air duct, a molten polymer duct, a cold air duct, and a fiber guide tube 21, the hot air duct, the molten polymer duct, and the cold air duct are vertically arranged, the hot air duct is respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the molten polymer duct, the cold air duct is arranged on the outer side of the hot air duct, the top end of the fiber guide tube 21 is fixedly connected to the cold air duct, with reference to fig. 5 and 6, the bottom end of the fiber guide tube 21 is inclined upward in the direction close to the pressing mechanism 4, the fiber guide tube 21 is inclined upward, the inclined angle between the fiber guide tube 21 and the vertical surface is 20 to 30 degrees, and the ejected micro-nano fiber is guided by the fiber guide tube 21 along with the air flow and reaches the surface of the chemical spinning yarn 11.
Further, referring to fig. 2, 3 and 4, the cross section of the fiber guide tube 21 is in a crescent structure, and the concave surface of the fiber guide tube 21 is disposed toward the yarn feeding mechanism 1, as shown in fig. 3, so that the ejected micro-nanofibers are ejected in a fan shape.
Further, with reference to fig. 5 and 6, an included angle between the end face of the bottom end of the fiber guide tube 21 and the horizontal plane is 10 to 15 degrees, which is more favorable for the micro-nanofiber to wrap the spun yarn 11.
As shown in fig. 1, the fiber collecting and packing mechanism 3 is composed of a negative pressure air box 31 and an air pump, with reference to fig. 4, 5 and 6, the top surface of the negative pressure air box 31 is horizontally arranged, the top surface of the negative pressure air box is provided with communication grooves 32 with an inverted trapezoid structure, each through groove 32 corresponds to one spinning nozzle 2, the opening width of the communication groove 32 is larger than the bottom width of the through groove 32, the inner diameter of the fiber guide tube 21 is larger than the bottom width of the through groove 32, the outer diameter of the fiber guide tube 21 is smaller than the opening width of the through groove 32, the included angle between the wall of the communication groove 32 and the vertical surface is 20 to 40 degrees, the chemical fiber filament or yarn horizontally passes through the through groove 32, the two side walls of the communication groove 32 are provided with a first micropore 33, the bottom of the through groove 32 is provided with a second micropore 34, the first micropore 33 and the second micropore 34 are communicated with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air box, the air suction pump sucks air from the inner cavity of the negative pressure air box 31 to form negative pressure, negative pressure is formed in the through groove 32, the absolute value of the negative pressure is 0.5-100Pa, the micro-nano fibers are condensed on the spun yarn 11, the micro-nano fibers are ejected in a fan shape and are moved by negative pressure wind power and the spun yarn 11, the height of the top end of the first micropore 33 is always higher than that of the top end of the second micropore 34, as shown in fig. 6, the first micropore 33 and the second micropore 34 are arranged in a staggered mode, the micro-nano fibers form an obliquely-laid annular structure, namely, the forward projection of the direction of moving the spun yarn 11 is of an annular structure, the spun yarn 11 is wrapped, the uniformity of the nano fibers on the surface of the spun yarn 11 is further improved, meanwhile, the ejected micro-nano fibers are effectively prevented from floating in the air, air pollution is avoided, raw material waste is also avoided, and raw materials are saved.
Further, the communication groove 32 has a groove depth of 12 to 20mm.
Further, as shown in fig. 6, the top end of the first micropore 33 is inclined downward toward the direction close to the pressing mechanism 4, the air guide direction of the first micropore 33 is opposite to the direction in which the micro-nanofibers are ejected, the negative pressure wind power of the first micropore 33 enables the micro-nanofibers to be adsorbed to the surface of the spun yarn 11, the top end of the second micropore 34 is inclined downward toward the direction far away from the pressing mechanism 4, the air guide direction of the second micropore 34 is the same as the direction in which the micro-nanofibers are ejected, the negative pressure wind power of the second micropore 34 enables part of the micro-nanofibers to move toward the bottom surface of the spun yarn 11, the micro-nanofibers are adsorbed to the bottom surface of the spun yarn 11 through the movement of the spun yarn 11, and the wrapping uniformity of the spun yarn 11 by the micro-nanofibers is further improved.
Further, the aperture of the first micropore 33 and the aperture of the second micropore 34 are 0.2 to 1mm, and the aperture density is 2 to 5/cm 2 。
Furthermore, the inclined angle between the first micropore 33 and the vertical surface is 25 to 35 degrees, and the inclined angle between the second micropore 34 and the vertical surface is 30 to 40 degrees.
As shown in fig. 1, the pressing mechanism 4 is composed of a lower roller 41 and an upper roller 42, the rotation directions of the upper roller 42 and the lower roller 41 are opposite and the speeds are the same, the rotation speed is 250 to 850r/min, with reference to fig. 7, the surfaces of the upper roller 42 and the lower roller 41 are provided with a pressing groove 43 with a trapezoidal structure, the opening width of the pressing groove 43 is larger than the groove bottom width of the pressing groove 43, and the included angle between the groove wall of the pressing groove 43 and the vertical surface is 25 to 40 degrees, the pressing groove 43 of the upper roller 42 and the pressing groove 43 of the lower roller 41 are arranged in a staggered manner, meanwhile, in order to tighten the spun yarn 11 for spraying the nanofibers, the lower roller 41 tensions the spun yarn 11, and simultaneously avoids the nanofibers from bouncing off after tensioning, so that the axial lead of the lower roller 41 and the axial lead of the lower roller 41 are not in the same vertical surface, the axial lead of the upper roller 42 and the axial lead of the lower roller 41 form an inclined surface, and the inclined surface is arranged to incline downwards in a direction away from the yarn feeding mechanism 1, and the inclined surface is 10 to 15 degrees; like this the spun yarn 11 of outsourcing micro-nano fiber compresses tightly again after taut, improves the yarn degree of consistency, reduces because of the line pine appears and moves back the circumstances that the group causes spun yarn 11 to appear pimple or hairiness, also strengthens micro-nano fiber and spun yarn 11's bonding strength simultaneously, and the spinning 11 horizontal arrangement that will pull out is cooperated with lower cylinder 41 to the roller 12 of yarn feeding mechanism 1, makes the horizontal migration all the time of spun yarn 11, is favorable to micro-nano fiber to wrap up spun yarn 11.
As shown in fig. 1, the coating mechanism 5 includes a hollow spindle 51, a coating filament 52, a support 53 and a motor, the hollow spindle 51 is rotatably connected to the support 53, the coating filament 52 is disposed on the hollow spindle 51, the motor is fixedly connected to the support 53, the motor drives the hollow spindle 51 to rotate, the coating filament 52 rotates along with the hollow spindle 51, the rotation speed of the coating filament 52 is 2500 to 4000r/min, the coating filament 52 forms a rotating coil, and the coating filament further winds the micro-nano fibers coated on the surface of the spun yarn 11 to form a yarn coated with the micro-nano fibers, so that the problems of poor coating force of the nano-fiber yarn and easy falling of the melt-blown fibers are solved, and the formation of fiber yarn hairiness is avoided.
As shown in fig. 1, the spun yarn 11 wrapped with the micro-nanofibers exits from the stitching mechanism 4 and enters the wrapping mechanism 5 through the roller 12, and the yarn passes through the wrapping mechanism 5, the roller 12 and then enters the winding mechanism 6 for winding.
Based on the first embodiment, the second embodiment of the invention provides a spinning process of a fiber yarn spinning device, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, adopting a melt-blowing process, spraying a molten high polymer from a spinning nozzle 2, and stretching a polymer jet by using high-speed airflow to form micro-nanofibers under the action of high-speed hot air airflow in a heated air pipeline before the molten high polymer jet is cooled and solidified;
(2) The micro-nano fibers are guided by the fiber guide tube 21 along with airflow, so that the micro-nano fibers are ejected in a fan shape and reach the fiber packing mechanism 3, the air suction pump sucks air from the inner cavity of the negative pressure air box 31, the groove 32 forms negative pressure, the micro-nano fibers are guided to be gathered in the communication groove 32, and the spun yarns 11 horizontally move in the communication groove 32 through the micropores I33 and II 34, so that the micro-nano fibers form an obliquely-laid ring shape to completely pack the surfaces of the spun yarns 11, and the spun yarns 11 externally packed with the micro-nano fibers are tensioned by the lower roller 41 and then are compressed by the upper roller 42;
(3) The compressed spun yarn 11 wrapped with the micro-nano fibers passes through a roller 12 and then enters a wrapping mechanism 5, a motor drives a hollow spindle 51 to rotate, a wrapping filament 52 rotates along with the hollow spindle 51, the wrapping filament 52 forms a rotating coil, and the micro-nano fibers wrapped on the surface of the spun yarn 11 are wound to form a yarn wrapped with the micro-nano fibers;
(4) The yarn wrapped with the micro-nano fibers passes through a roller 12 and then enters a winding mechanism 6 for winding.
More specifically, a schematic illustration of the process parameters of a practical case is provided: the diameter of the spinneret orifice of the spinneret 2 is 0.42mm, the temperature of the molten polymer is 250 ℃, the temperature of hot air is 280 ℃, the air pressure is 0.3Mpa, the flow rate of the used molten PP polymer is 1200g/10min, the average diameter of the spinning fiber is 1.5 mu m, the inclination angle of the fiber guide tube 21 is 25 degrees, the included angle between the end surface of the bottom end of the fiber guide tube 21 and the horizontal plane is 12 degrees, the inner diameter of the fiber guide tube 21 is 10mm, the outer diameter of the fiber guide tube 21 is 15mm, a negative pressure air box 31 is arranged 8cm below the fiber guide tube 21, the depth of the communication groove 32 is 15mm, the inclination of the groove wall of the communication groove 32 is 30 degrees, the diameters of the first micropore 33 and the second micropore 34 are 1.5mm, and the density of the holes is 3/cm 2 The inclination angle of the first micropore 33 is 30 degrees, the inclination angle of the second micropore 34 is 35 degrees, the negative pressure formed in the through groove 32 is 30Pa, the rotation speed of the upper roller 42 and the lower roller 41 is 500r/min, and the rotation speed of the coating wire 52 is 2500r/min.
In summary, according to the fiber yarn spinning device and the process method provided by the invention, the micro-nanofibers ejected from the spinneret 2 are condensed by the negative pressure of the communication groove 32 through the fan-shaped micro-nanofibers ejected downwards from the fiber guide tube in an inclined manner, the micro-nanofibers wrap the spun yarn in a 360-degree annular manner through the micropores I and II, the bonding strength between the micro-nanofibers and the spun yarn is enhanced through the pressing mechanism, and the micro-nanofibers are wound through the wrapping mechanism to form the yarn wrapped with the micro-nanofibers.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity purposes only, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the specification as a whole and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments as would be understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A fiber yarn spinning device comprises a yarn feeding mechanism and a winding mechanism, wherein the yarn feeding mechanism comprises a spun yarn and a roller, and is characterized in that a fiber collecting and wrapping mechanism and a pressing mechanism are sequentially connected between the yarn feeding mechanism and the winding mechanism, a spinning nozzle is arranged above the fiber collecting and wrapping mechanism, and the spun yarn horizontally moves through the matching of the yarn feeding mechanism and the pressing mechanism;
the spinneret comprises a molten polymer pipeline, a hot air pipeline and a cold air pipeline which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside and are vertically arranged, the bottom end of the cold air pipeline is fixedly connected with a fiber guide pipe, the bottom end of the fiber guide pipe is obliquely arranged towards the direction far away from the yarn feeding mechanism, the cross section of the fiber guide pipe is of a crescent structure, and the concave surface of the fiber guide pipe is arranged towards the yarn feeding mechanism;
the fiber gathering and wrapping mechanism comprises a negative pressure air box arranged horizontally on the top surface, the inner cavity of the negative pressure air box forms negative pressure through an air suction pump, the top surface of the negative pressure air box is provided with a communication groove of an inverted trapezoidal structure, the groove is communicated with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air box through a first micropore and a second micropore which are arranged in a staggered mode, the first micropore is arranged on the groove wall of the groove, the second micropore is arranged at the groove bottom of the groove, the spun yarn penetrates through the communication groove, and each communication groove corresponds to a fiber guide tube.
2. A fiber yarn spinning apparatus as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a cover mechanism disposed between the pressing mechanism and the winding mechanism, the cover mechanism including a hollow spindle and a cover filament rotating synchronously in the same direction, the cover filament being disposed on the hollow spindle, the hollow spindle being driven by a motor, the motor being fixedly connected to the support frame, the hollow spindle being rotatably connected to the support frame.
3. The fiber yarn spinning device according to claim 1, wherein an inclined angle between the fiber guide tube and a vertical surface is 20 to 30 degrees, and an inclined angle between a bottom end face of the fiber guide tube and a horizontal plane is 10 to 15 degrees.
4. The fiber yarn spinning device according to claim 1, wherein a groove depth of the groove is 12 to 20mm, an included angle between a groove wall of the groove and a vertical surface is 20 to 40 degrees, an opening width of the groove is larger than an outer diameter of the fiber guide tube, and a groove bottom width of the groove is smaller than an inner diameter of the fiber guide tube.
5. The fiber yarn spinning device according to claim 1, wherein an absolute value of the negative pressure of the groove is 0.5 to 100Pa.
6. The fiber yarn spinning device according to claim 1, wherein the top end of the first micropore is inclined downwards towards the pressing mechanism, and the inclination angle is 25 to 35 degrees; the top end of the second micropore inclines downwards towards the direction away from the pressing mechanism, and the inclination angle is 30 to 40 degrees.
7. The fiber yarn spinning device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first micropore and the second micropore have a pore diameter of 0.2 to 1mm and a pore diameter density of 2 to 5/cm 2 。
8. The fiber yarn spinning device according to claim 1, wherein the pressing mechanism comprises a lower roller and an upper roller which rotate in opposite directions, the lower roller and the upper roller rotate at the same speed, the axis of the upper roller is arranged in a direction away from the spinneret, the axis of the lower roller and the axis of the upper roller form an inclined plane, the included angle between the inclined plane and the vertical plane is 10 to 15 degrees, and a roller of the yarn feeding mechanism is matched with the lower roller to horizontally arrange the spun yarns.
9. A fibre yarn spinning device according to claim 8, wherein the surface of the upper and lower cylinders is provided with grooves of trapezoidal configuration, the grooves of the upper cylinder being staggered with the grooves of the lower cylinder.
10. A spinning process using the fiber yarn spinning apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
(1) Firstly, adopting a melt-blowing process, wherein molten high polymer is sprayed out from a spinneret, and under the action of high-speed hot air flow in a heated air pipeline, before the molten high polymer jet flow is cooled and solidified, the high-speed air flow is used for stretching the polymer jet flow to form micro-nano fibers;
(2) The micro-nano fibers are guided by the fiber guide tube along with airflow and ejected in a fan shape, the micro-nano fibers are gathered into the communication groove through negative pressure formed by the communication groove, and simultaneously spun yarns horizontally move in the communication groove through the first micropore and the second micropore, so that the micro-nano fibers form an obliquely-laid ring to completely wrap the surfaces of the spun yarns, and the spun yarns externally wrapped with the micro-nano fibers are tensioned by a lower roller and then are compressed by an upper roller;
(3) The compressed spun yarn wrapped with the micro-nano fibers enters a wrapping mechanism, a wrapping yarn rotates along with a hollow spindle to form a rotating coil, and the micro-nano fibers wrapped on the surface of the spun yarn are wound to form a yarn wrapped with the micro-nano fibers;
(4) And the winding mechanism winds the yarn.
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| CN202211053512.5A CN115323510B (en) | 2022-08-31 | 2022-08-31 | Fiber yarn spinning device and spinning process thereof |
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| CN202211053512.5A CN115323510B (en) | 2022-08-31 | 2022-08-31 | Fiber yarn spinning device and spinning process thereof |
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