CN114541011A - Multifunctional textile fabric and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Multifunctional textile fabric and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114541011A CN114541011A CN202210094126.4A CN202210094126A CN114541011A CN 114541011 A CN114541011 A CN 114541011A CN 202210094126 A CN202210094126 A CN 202210094126A CN 114541011 A CN114541011 A CN 114541011A
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- yarn
- antistatic
- core
- spinning
- textile fabric
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002334 Spandex Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 239000004759 spandex Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical group [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical group CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical group OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006255 coating slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
- D02G3/441—Yarns or threads with antistatic, conductive or radiation-shielding properties
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
- D02G3/36—Cored or coated yarns or threads
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/533—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads antistatic; electrically conductive
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional textile fabric and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein warp yarns and weft yarns are woven into the multifunctional textile fabric, one of the warp yarns and the weft yarns is antistatic yarns, the other one of the warp yarns and the weft yarns is other functional yarns, the antistatic yarns comprise a core layer and an antistatic nanofiber coating layer coated on the core layer, the core layer is formed by core yarns, and the antistatic nanofiber coating layer is formed by antistatic nanofibers; the fabric prepared by the invention has excellent antistatic performance, stable and durable antistatic performance, good flexibility and excellent comfort, and has other functions such as refrigeration function.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of textiles, and particularly relates to a multifunctional textile fabric and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
At present, textile fabrics are more and more fully functionalized, a single functional fabric is difficult to meet the practical requirements, and meanwhile, the existing modes for endowing fibers or fabrics with functionalization are basically impregnation and coating modes, wherein the impregnation and coating modes are respectively to disperse functional auxiliaries in a solvent to prepare corresponding impregnation liquid or coating slurry, but for some specific functional auxiliaries such as an antistatic agent, the requirement on the continuity of the arrangement of the auxiliaries is very high, and if the fibers or fabrics are still functionalized by adopting the above mode, the following defects exist: 1. the coating or dipping thickness is not easy to control, the problems of weak functionality or poor fabric comfort and the like are easy to occur, and 2. the adhesive property is weak, the fabric is easy to fall off in the weaving or using process, the continuity is damaged, and the functionality is lost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an improved preparation method of multifunctional textile fabric, and the multifunctional textile fabric prepared by the preparation method not only has excellent antistatic performance, but also has stable and durable antistatic property, good fabric flexibility, excellent comfort and more efficient preparation process, and also has other functions such as refrigeration function.
The invention also provides the multifunctional textile fabric prepared by the method.
The invention also provides application of the multifunctional textile fabric prepared by the method in preparing summer shirt clothes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts a technical scheme that:
a preparation method of a multifunctional textile fabric is characterized in that warp yarns and weft yarns are woven into the multifunctional textile fabric, one of the warp yarns and the weft yarns is an antistatic yarn, and the other one of the warp yarns and the weft yarns is functional yarns except the antistatic function, wherein: the antistatic yarn comprises a core layer and an antistatic nanofiber coating layer coated on the core layer, wherein the core layer is composed of core yarn, the antistatic nanofiber coating layer is composed of antistatic nanofibers, the antistatic nanofibers are prepared by spinning an antistatic spinning solution through a solution jet method, and the antistatic spinning solution comprises a polymer and single-layer graphene;
the preparation method of the multifunctional textile fabric further comprises a manufacturing process of the antistatic yarn, wherein the manufacturing process comprises the following steps: making the core yarn perform self-rotation, moving the antistatic nanofiber to the core yarn in the process of spinning the antistatic spinning solution by a solution jet method, and driving the antistatic nanofiber to wrap the core yarn by the self-rotation of the core yarn to obtain an antistatic intermediate yarn; wherein the density and/or thickness of the antistatic nanofiber coating layer is controlled by adjusting the self-rotation speed of the core yarn;
and electrifying the antistatic intermediate yarn to enable the antistatic intermediate yarn to self-heat so that the polymer is partially melted and then adhered to the core yarn to prepare the antistatic yarn.
According to some preferred aspects of the invention, the content of the single-layer graphene in the antistatic spinning solution is 0.5-3% by mass, and the polymer is a polyester with a melting point of 110-130 ℃.
According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, the single-layer graphene has a sheet diameter of 0.2 to 10 μm and a thickness of 1 to 3 nm.
According to some preferred aspects of the invention, the core yarn has a self-rotation speed of 10 to 1000 r/min. Further, the self-rotation speed of the core yarn is 20 to 500 r/min. Further, the core yarn has a self-rotation speed of 30 to 200 r/min. According to some preferred and specific aspects of the present invention, the core yarn has a self-rotation speed of 50-70 r/min.
According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, the antistatic nanofiber coating layer has a thickness of 0.5 to 2 μm.
According to some preferred aspects of the invention, the collection speed of the antistatic intermediate yarn is 4 to 8 m/min.
According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, the distance between the filament jet orifice and the core yarn in the solution jet spinning is 30 to 40 cm.
According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, in the solution jet spinning, the flow rate of the dope in the single spinning channel is 8 to 12mL/h, and the pressure of the compressed air used is 0.1 to 0.2 MPa.
According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, the antistatic yarn is manufactured by preparing the antistatic intermediate yarn using a first production device and performing an electrification treatment using a second production device;
the first production device comprises a solution jet spinning mechanism and a core yarn self-rotating line-moving mechanism which is arranged opposite to the solution jet spinning mechanism;
the solution jet method spinning mechanism comprises a spinning die head, a spinning solution guide pipe and a compressed air input pipe, wherein the spinning solution guide pipe and the compressed air input pipe are respectively communicated with the spinning die head, and the spinning die head is provided with a strand silk jet orifice;
the core yarn self-rotating routing mechanism comprises an upper rotating cup, a lower rotating cup and a tension roller, wherein the upper rotating cup and the lower rotating cup are oppositely arranged in the vertical direction and can rotate in a self-rotating mode, the core yarn enters from the upper rotating cup, then the antistatic nano-fibers are wrapped between the upper rotating cup and the lower rotating cup, then the core yarn is led out from the lower rotating cup and is processed by the tension roller, the antistatic middle yarn is obtained, and the strand silk jet orifice is oppositely arranged with the part between the upper rotating cup and the lower rotating cup;
the second production device comprises a first winding drum, a second winding drum, a power supply, a positive metal yarn guide ring and a negative metal yarn guide ring, wherein the first winding drum is used for winding the antistatic intermediate yarn, the positive metal yarn guide ring and the negative metal yarn guide ring are respectively arranged between the first winding drum and the second winding drum, the positive metal yarn guide ring is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, the negative metal yarn guide ring is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply, the antistatic intermediate yarn respectively penetrates through the positive metal yarn guide ring and the negative metal yarn guide ring, when the power supply is switched on, the part of the antistatic intermediate yarn, which is positioned between the positive metal yarn guide ring and the negative metal yarn guide ring, is subjected to electrifying treatment, and the part of the antistatic intermediate yarn is subjected to self-heating to enable the polymer to be partially fused and further adhered to the core yarn to manufacture part of the antistatic yarn, and then winding the part of the antistatic yarn on the second winding drum, wherein the part between the positive electrode metal yarn guide ring and the negative electrode metal yarn guide ring is the other part of the antistatic intermediate yarn wound on the first winding drum, switching on a power supply to carry out electrifying treatment, and repeating the steps until all the antistatic intermediate yarns are electrified.
In the invention, the upper rotating cup and the lower rotating cup rotate in the same direction at the same speed, and under the action of centrifugal force generated by the self-rotation of the upper rotating cup and the lower rotating cup, the core yarn can be respectively clung to the inner walls of the upper rotating cup and the lower rotating cup, so that the core yarn is driven to rotate in a self-rotating process of the upper rotating cup and the lower rotating cup, the self-rotating speed of the core yarn is different from the self-rotating speed of the rotating cup, but the self-rotating speed of the core yarn can be controlled indirectly by controlling the self-rotating speed of the rotating cup.
Further, according to some preferred aspects of the present invention, the upper rotating cup and the lower rotating cup independently comprise a cup body and a fixing ring, the cup body is a hollow structure which is through from top to bottom, the fixing ring is disposed at one opening of the hollow structure, and the yarn sequentially passes through the fixing ring and the other opening of the hollow structure; in some embodiments, the rotor body includes a plurality of vent holes provided at a side surface thereof in addition to the upper and lower openings. Further, a centerline of the fixing ring is not coincident with a centerline of the other opening of the hollow structure. According to the invention, the arrangement mode of the fixing ring and the fixing ring enables the core yarn to be attached to a specific area of the inner wall of the rotor body more easily, and the core yarn is more beneficial to being driven to rotate automatically.
According to some preferred aspects of the invention, the energizing process is a batch process, and the voltage of the energizing process is 70-120V and the energizing time is 30-40s in each process cycle.
In some embodiments of the invention, the heating temperature of the self-heating of the part of the antistatic intermediate yarn during the electrifying treatment is controlled to be 100-120 ℃.
According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, in the manufacturing process of the antistatic yarn, a plurality of antistatic intermediate yarns can be simultaneously prepared, and the distance between every two adjacent core yarns is 10-15 mm.
According to some preferred aspects of the invention, the core yarn is a spandex yarn.
According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, the other functional yarn is a yarn having a refrigeration function, the yarn having a refrigeration function includes a body yarn and a refrigeration layer formed on the body yarn, the refrigeration layer is obtained by immersing the body yarn in a refrigeration slurry, the refrigeration slurry includes nano alumina particles, a coupling agent, and a dispersant;
in the refrigeration slurry, the nano alumina particles account for 20-25 percent, the coupling agent accounts for 0.6-0.8 percent and the dispersing agent accounts for 74.2-79.4 percent by mass percentage.
According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, the nano alumina particles have a particle size of 200-300 nm.
According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, the coupling agent is titanate coupling agent, and the dosage of the titanate coupling agent accounts for 1.5% -3% of the dosage of the nano alumina particles, so that the nano alumina particles can be fixed on the main yarn.
According to some preferred aspects of the invention, the dispersant is absolute ethanol.
The yarn with the refrigeration function does not affect the softness of the fabric, and has a good refrigeration effect.
In some embodiments of the invention, the main yarn is a polyester yarn, the number of strands is greater than or equal to 2, and the fineness is 40-60 counts.
In some embodiments of the present invention, after the refrigeration slurry is impregnated on the body yarn, the refrigeration layer is obtained through a drying process, and the heating temperature of the drying process is 80-90 ℃.
The invention provides another technical scheme that: a multifunctional textile fabric prepared by the preparation method of the multifunctional textile fabric.
The invention provides another technical scheme that: an application of the multifunctional textile fabric in preparing summer shirt clothes.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention innovatively provides an improved multifunctional fabric preparation method based on the defects of the existing mode of endowing yarn or fabric with functionality, particularly antistatic function, the antistatic yarn adopted by the method takes antistatic nano-fiber as a coating layer, particularly adopts a core yarn self-rotation mode, and the core yarn self-rotation is utilized to drive the antistatic nano-fiber to wrap the core yarn, and further has the advantages that the antistatic nano-fiber can be prepared by combining a solution jet spinning method and can be applied to the wrapping process of the core yarn in the spinning process, the working procedure is greatly simplified, in addition, the density and the thickness of the antistatic nano-fiber wrapping can be further controlled by controlling the self-rotation speed of the core yarn, namely, the antistatic capacity can be adjusted without changing other more process conditions or changing equipment, and the actual adjustment can be conveniently carried out aiming at different application scenes, the production cost of an enterprise is greatly reduced, and the single-layer graphene is wrapped in the polymer, so that the antistatic property is stable and durable, and the antistatic property cannot be lost in the weaving or using process; in addition, by further combining with electrifying treatment, the single-layer graphene of the special antistatic agent adopted by the invention can self-heat, so that the polymer can be slightly melted, namely part of the polymer is melted, and in this state, the polymer can be firmly adhered to the core yarn, so that the antistatic nanofiber is firmly combined with the core yarn, and the mechanical property of the antistatic yarn is enhanced.
Meanwhile, the multifunctional fabric prepared by the invention has excellent performance, good flexibility and good wearability, and is comfortable to wear.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a process for preparing a yarn with a refrigeration function in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a yarn having a refrigeration function according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a process for preparing an antistatic intermediate yarn according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention in which antistatic intermediate yarns are subjected to an energization treatment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antistatic yarn made in an embodiment of the invention;
wherein, 11, a warp beam; 12. a first tension roller; 13. dipping the compression roller; 14. a soaking tank; 15. a drying roller; 16. dividing into reed; 17. a tension roller; 21. a refrigeration layer; 22. a polyester yarn; 31. a spinning solution conduit; 32. a compressed air input pipe; 33. antistatic nanofibers; 34. an upper rotating cup; 341. a rotor body; 342. a fixing ring; 35. a creel; 36. spandex yarn; 37. a second tension roller; 38. a compressed air flow path; 39. a thread jet orifice; 41. a first reel; 42. an antistatic intermediate yarn; 43. a second reel; 44. an antistatic yarn; 45. a power source; 46. a positive metal yarn guide ring; 47. a negative metal yarn guide ring; 48. a refrigeration case; 51. a core layer; 52. antistatic nanofiber coating.
Detailed Description
The above-described scheme is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples; it is to be understood that these embodiments are provided to illustrate the general principles, essential features and advantages of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited in scope by the following embodiments; the implementation conditions used in the examples can be further adjusted according to specific requirements, and the implementation conditions not noted are generally those in routine experiments.
Not specifically illustrated in the following examples, all starting materials are commercially available or prepared by methods conventional in the art. The titanate coupling agent is purchased from Nanjing Yopu chemical Co., Ltd, and is under the brand number of 65467-75-6; single-layer graphene is available from Shanghai Neio nanotechnology Co., Ltd., under the designation NO-C-066-1.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a multifunctional textile fabric and a preparation method thereof.
The yarn with the refrigeration function comprises main yarn and a refrigeration layer formed on the main yarn, wherein the refrigeration layer is obtained by dipping the main yarn into refrigeration slurry, and the refrigeration slurry comprises nano alumina particles, a coupling agent and a dispersing agent; the particle size of the nano alumina particles is about 300nm, the coupling agent is a titanate coupling agent, the dispersing agent is absolute ethyl alcohol, in percentage by mass, the nano alumina particles account for 20%, the coupling agent is 0.6% and the dispersing agent is 79.4%, the main yarn is polyester yarn, the number of strands is 3, and the fineness is 40;
specifically, as shown in fig. 1, which exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a process structure for preparing a yarn with a refrigeration function, a main yarn is guided to a first tension roller 12 through a warp beam 11 to be processed to obtain a certain tension, then enters an impregnation tank 14, a certain impregnation is realized under the action of an impregnation press roller 13, then after being dried at a drying roller 15 (drying temperature is 80 ℃), the main yarn is processed again through the first tension roller 12, enters a sub-reed 16 to separate the adhered yarns, then is processed through a tension roller 17 and then is guided out, and finally the main yarn is conveyed through the warp beam 11 and then is collected to prepare the yarn with the refrigeration function shown in fig. 2, wherein an inner layer is a polyester yarn (conventional polyester yarn with fineness of 60 count) 22, and an outer layer is a refrigeration layer 21.
In this example, the antistatic yarn includes a core layer and an antistatic nanofiber coating layer coated on the core layer, the core layer is composed of core yarn, the core yarn is spandex yarn, the antistatic nanofiber coating layer is composed of antistatic nanofiber, the antistatic nanofiber is prepared by spinning an antistatic spinning solution by a solution jet method, and the antistatic spinning solution includes a polymer and a single layer of graphene; in the antistatic spinning solution, the content of single-layer graphene is 1% by mass, the content of a polymer is 18% by mass, the content of a solvent is 81% by mass, the polymer is modified low-melting-point polyester PET (Yide plastics Co., Ltd., Dongguan, product number: 530NC010), and the solvent is trifluoroacetic acid and dichloromethane in a volume ratio of 4: 1.
The manufacturing process of the antistatic yarn comprises the following steps: making the core yarn perform self-rotation, moving the antistatic nano-fiber to the core yarn in the process of spinning the antistatic spinning solution by a solution jet method, and driving the antistatic nano-fiber to wrap the core yarn by the self-rotation of the core yarn to obtain antistatic intermediate yarn; wherein, the density and the thickness of the antistatic nanofiber coating layer are controlled by adjusting the self-rotating speed of the core yarn;
electrifying the antistatic intermediate yarn to enable the antistatic intermediate yarn to self-heat so as to enable the polymer to be partially melted and further adhered to the core yarn to prepare the antistatic yarn;
specifically, as shown in fig. 3, which exemplifies a schematic structural view of a process for producing an antistatic intermediate yarn, the antistatic intermediate yarn is produced by using a first production apparatus including a solution jet spinning mechanism, a core yarn spin-transfer mechanism disposed opposite to the solution jet spinning mechanism;
the solution jet spinning mechanism comprises a spinning die head, a spinning solution guide pipe 31 and a compressed air input pipe 32 which are respectively communicated with the spinning die head, wherein the spinning die head is provided with a strand silk jet orifice 39 and a compressed air airflow channel 38, the strand silk jet orifice 39 and the compressed air airflow channel 38 are concentrically arranged, the strand silk jet orifice 39 is arranged in the compressed air airflow channel, and the compressed air airflow channel 38 is communicated with the compressed air input pipe 32; in the actual operation process, each thread line jet opening 39 can jet a plurality of antistatic nanofibers 33, and the antistatic nanofibers 33 jetted by each thread line jet opening 39 do not correspond to the core yarn, i.e., the spandex yarn 36, one by one, and there are cases where a plurality of antistatic nanofibers 33 jetted by one thread line jet opening 39 are independently wound on different core yarns;
the core yarn self-rotating routing mechanism comprises an upper rotating cup 34, a lower rotating cup and a second tension roller 37, wherein the upper rotating cup 34 and the lower rotating cup are oppositely arranged along the vertical direction and can rotate automatically, spandex yarns 36 enter from the upper rotating cup 34, then antistatic nanofibers 33 are wrapped between the upper rotating cup 34 and the lower rotating cup, then the spandex yarns are led out from the lower rotating cup and are treated by the second tension roller 37, antistatic middle yarns are obtained, and a strand silk jet port 39 is oppositely arranged with the part between the upper rotating cup 34 and the lower rotating cup;
in this example, in the manufacturing process of the antistatic yarn, a plurality of antistatic intermediate yarns can be simultaneously prepared, the distance between every two adjacent spandex yarns 36 is 10mm, the self-rotation speed of the spandex yarns 36 is controlled to be 60r/min, and the collection speed of the antistatic intermediate yarns is controlled to be 6 m/min; in the process of spinning by the solution jet method, the flow rate of the spinning solution in a single spinning channel is 10mL/h, the air pressure of adopted compressed air is 0.1MPa, the distance between a thread line jet orifice 39 and spandex yarns 36 in the spinning by the solution jet method is 35cm, and the thickness of an antistatic nanofiber coating layer is 0.5 mu m.
In this embodiment, the upper rotating cup 34 and the lower rotating cup are rotating in the same direction at the same speed, and under the action of centrifugal force generated by the self-rotation of the upper rotating cup 34 and the lower rotating cup, the spandex yarn 36 is respectively attached to the inner walls of the upper rotating cup 34 and the lower rotating cup (in the actual processing process, the lower rotating cup is an antistatic middle yarn wrapped with the antistatic nanofiber 33), and then in the self-rotation process of the upper rotating cup and the lower rotating cup, the spandex yarn 36 is driven to rotate automatically, and the self-rotation speed of the spandex yarn 36 is different from the self-rotation speed of the rotating cup, but the self-rotation speed of the spandex yarn 36 can be controlled indirectly by controlling the self-rotation speed of the rotating cup. Further, the upper rotating cup 34 and the lower rotating cup independently comprise a rotating cup body 341 and a fixing ring 342, the rotating cup body 341 is a hollow structure which is through from top to bottom, the fixing ring 342 is arranged at one opening of the hollow structure, and the yarn sequentially passes through the fixing ring 342 and the other opening of the hollow structure; in some embodiments, the cup body 341 may further include a plurality of vent holes provided at a side surface thereof in addition to the upper and lower openings. Further, the center line of the fixing ring 342 is not coincident with the center line of the other opening of the hollow structure. In this embodiment, the fixing ring 342 and the fixing ring are arranged in such a manner that the core yarn is more easily attached to a specific region of the inner wall of the rotating cup body 341, which is more conducive to being driven to rotate.
In this example, the antistatic spinning solution is transported to the filament jet orifice 39 through the spinning solution conduit, and at the same time, the compressed air is introduced through the compressed air input pipe 32 and is jetted out from the outer circle channel of the filament jet orifice 39, i.e. the compressed air airflow channel 38, through the draft of the airflow, the solvent is volatilized rapidly, the antistatic nanofibers 33 are deposited on the surface of the spandex yarn 36 which is vertically arranged at equal intervals, and meanwhile, the spandex yarn 36 rotates automatically under the same-speed and same-direction driving of the upper rotating cup 34 and the lower rotating cup, so that the antistatic nanofibers 33 are wrapped on the surface layer of the spandex yarn 36, and the antistatic middle yarn is formed.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the present example employs a second production apparatus for conducting the electrification treatment, the second production apparatus includes a first winding drum 41 on which an antistatic intermediate yarn 42 is wound, a second winding drum 43 for winding an antistatic yarn 44, a power supply 45, and a positive electrode metal yarn guide ring 46 and a negative electrode metal yarn guide ring 47 respectively provided between the first winding drum 41 and the second winding drum 43, the positive electrode metal yarn guide ring 46 is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply 45, the negative electrode metal yarn guide ring 47 is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply 45, the antistatic intermediate yarn 42 passes through the positive electrode metal yarn guide ring 46 and the negative electrode metal yarn guide ring 47 respectively, when the power supply 45 is turned on, the electrification treatment is conducted on the portion of the antistatic intermediate yarn 42 between the positive electrode metal yarn guide ring 46 and the negative electrode metal yarn guide ring 47, the yarn is not moved when the power is turned on, the antistatic intermediate yarn is self-heated to partially melt the polymer and further adhere to the core yarn, a part of antistatic yarn is made, then the part of antistatic yarn is wound on the second winding drum 43, at the moment, the part between the positive metal yarn guide ring 46 and the negative metal yarn guide ring 47 is another part of the antistatic intermediate yarn 42 wound on the first winding drum 41, the power supply 45 is switched on for electrifying treatment, and the process is repeated until the electrifying treatment of all the antistatic intermediate yarn is completed; meanwhile, in this example, after the heating and fixing treatment is completed by the energization treatment, the heating and fixing treatment may be performed by cooling treatment by a cooling box 48 (at a cooling temperature of 8 ℃) and then collected.
The energization processing in this example is a batch processing method, and in each processing cycle, the voltage of the energization processing is 90V, the interval between the positive electrode metal yarn guide ring 46 and the negative electrode metal yarn guide ring 47 is 90cm, and the energization time is 35 s.
Finally, as shown in fig. 5, an antistatic yarn is prepared, the inner layer is a core layer 51, and the outer layer is an antistatic nanofiber coating layer 52.
The prepared yarn with the refrigeration function is used as warp yarn, the prepared antistatic yarn is used as weft yarn, and then the fabric is woven according to a plain weave structure to prepare the multifunctional textile fabric.
Example 2
Basically, the method is the same as the method of the embodiment 1, and the method only differs from the method in that: by mass percentage, the antistatic spinning solution contains 2% of single-layer graphene, 18% of polymer and 80% of solvent;
the air pressure of the adopted compressed air is 0.15Mpa, and the flow rate of the spinning solution in a single spinning channel is 12 mL/h;
the layer thickness was 1.5. mu.m.
Example 3
Basically, the method is the same as the method of the embodiment 1, and the method only differs from the method in that: by mass percentage, in the refrigeration slurry, the nano alumina particles account for 23%, the coupling agent accounts for 0.7%, and the dispersing agent accounts for 76.3%;
the nano alumina particles have a particle size of about 200 nm.
Example 4
Basically, the method is the same as the method of the embodiment 1, and the method only differs from the method in that: by mass percentage, the antistatic spinning solution contains 1.5% of single-layer graphene, 18% of polymer and 80.5% of solvent;
the layer thickness is 1.5 μm;
in the refrigeration slurry, by mass percentage, the nano alumina particles account for 23%, the coupling agent 0.7% and the dispersing agent 76.3%, and the particle size of the nano alumina particles is about 200 nm;
the air pressure of the adopted compressed air is 0.15Mpa, and the flow rate of the spinning solution is 12 mL/h.
Comparative example 1
Basically, the method is the same as the method of the embodiment 1, and the method only differs from the method in that: the antistatic yarns used in the weft yarns were obtained by the same impregnation as in the warp yarns and the thickness of the control coating was also 0.5 μm. Practice shows that graphene is easy to crack and peel off during weaving by adopting an impregnation method, and the hand feeling is poor.
Performance testing
The fabrics obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1 were subjected to the following performance tests, and the specific results are shown in table 1.
Table 1 results of performance testing
Reference standard GB/T12703.1-2008, evaluation of textile electrostatic properties part 1: the half life of the static voltage.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and these ranges or values should be understood to encompass values close to these ranges or values. For ranges of values, between the endpoints of each of the ranges and the individual points, and between the individual points may be combined with each other to give one or more new ranges of values, and these ranges of values should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a multifunctional textile fabric is characterized in that the antistatic yarn comprises a core layer and an antistatic nanofiber coating layer coated on the core layer, the core layer is composed of core yarn, the antistatic nanofiber coating layer is composed of antistatic nanofiber, the antistatic nanofiber is prepared by spinning an antistatic spinning solution by a solution jet method, and the antistatic spinning solution comprises a polymer and single-layer graphene;
the preparation method of the multifunctional textile fabric further comprises a manufacturing process of the antistatic yarn, wherein the manufacturing process comprises the following steps: making the core yarn perform self-rotation, moving the antistatic nanofiber to the core yarn in the process of spinning the antistatic spinning solution by a solution jet method, and driving the antistatic nanofiber to wrap the core yarn by the self-rotation of the core yarn to obtain an antistatic intermediate yarn; wherein the density and/or thickness of the antistatic nanofiber coating layer is controlled by adjusting the self-rotation speed of the core yarn;
and electrifying the antistatic intermediate yarn to enable the antistatic intermediate yarn to self-heat so that the polymer is partially melted and then adhered to the core yarn to prepare the antistatic yarn.
2. The method for preparing the multifunctional textile fabric as claimed in claim 1, wherein the antistatic spinning solution contains 0.5-3% of single-layer graphene by mass, and the polymer is polyester with a melting point of 110-130 ℃.
3. The process for preparing a multifunctional textile fabric according to claim 1, wherein the core yarn has a self-rotation speed of 10 to 1000 r/min; and/or the thickness of the antistatic nanofiber coating layer is 0.5-2 mu m.
4. The method for preparing a multifunctional textile fabric according to claim 1, wherein the collection speed of the antistatic intermediate yarn is 4-8 m/min.
5. The method for preparing a multifunctional textile fabric according to claim 1, wherein the distance between a threadline jet orifice and the core yarn in the solution jet spinning is 30-40 cm; and/or in the process of spinning by the solution jet method, the flow rate of the spinning solution in a single spinning channel is 8-12mL/h, and the air pressure of the adopted compressed air is 0.1-0.2 MPa.
6. The method for preparing the multifunctional textile fabric according to claim 1, wherein the antistatic yarn is prepared by a first production device and subjected to electrifying treatment by a second production device;
the first production device comprises a solution jet spinning mechanism and a core yarn self-rotating line-moving mechanism which is arranged opposite to the solution jet spinning mechanism;
the solution jet spinning mechanism comprises a spinning die head, a spinning solution guide pipe and a compressed air input pipe, wherein the spinning solution guide pipe and the compressed air input pipe are respectively communicated with the spinning die head;
the core yarn self-rotating routing mechanism comprises an upper rotating cup, a lower rotating cup and a tension roller, wherein the upper rotating cup and the lower rotating cup are oppositely arranged in the vertical direction and can rotate in a self-rotating mode, the core yarn enters from the upper rotating cup, then the antistatic nano-fibers are wrapped between the upper rotating cup and the lower rotating cup, then the core yarn is led out from the lower rotating cup and is processed by the tension roller, the antistatic middle yarn is obtained, and the strand silk jet orifice is oppositely arranged with the part between the upper rotating cup and the lower rotating cup;
the second production device comprises a first winding drum, a second winding drum, a power supply, a positive metal yarn guide ring and a negative metal yarn guide ring, wherein the first winding drum is used for winding the antistatic intermediate yarn, the positive metal yarn guide ring and the negative metal yarn guide ring are respectively arranged between the first winding drum and the second winding drum, the positive metal yarn guide ring is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, the negative metal yarn guide ring is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply, the antistatic intermediate yarn respectively penetrates through the positive metal yarn guide ring and the negative metal yarn guide ring, when the power supply is switched on, the part of the antistatic intermediate yarn, which is positioned between the positive metal yarn guide ring and the negative metal yarn guide ring, is subjected to electrifying treatment, and the part of the antistatic intermediate yarn is subjected to self-heating to enable the polymer to be partially fused and further adhered to the core yarn to manufacture part of the antistatic yarn, and then winding the part of the antistatic yarn on the second winding drum, wherein the part between the positive electrode metal yarn guide ring and the negative electrode metal yarn guide ring is the other part of the antistatic intermediate yarn wound on the first winding drum, switching on a power supply to carry out electrifying treatment, and repeating the steps until all the antistatic intermediate yarns are electrified.
7. The preparation method of the multifunctional textile fabric according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the electrifying treatment is in an interval type treatment mode, the voltage of the electrifying treatment is 70-120V, and the electrifying time is 30-40s in each treatment period; and/or the presence of a gas in the atmosphere,
in the manufacturing procedure of the antistatic yarn, a plurality of antistatic intermediate yarns can be prepared at the same time, and the distance between every two adjacent core yarns is 10-15 mm.
8. The method for preparing a multifunctional textile fabric according to claim 1, wherein the other functional yarns are yarns having a refrigeration function, the yarns having a refrigeration function comprise a main yarn and a refrigeration layer formed on the main yarn, the refrigeration layer is obtained by dipping the main yarn in a refrigeration slurry, and the refrigeration slurry comprises nano alumina particles, a coupling agent and a dispersing agent;
in the refrigeration slurry, the nano alumina particles account for 20-25% by mass, the coupling agent accounts for 0.6-0.8% by mass, and the dispersing agent accounts for 74.2-79.4% by mass.
9. A multifunctional textile fabric produced by the method for producing a multifunctional textile fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Use of the multifunctional textile fabric of claim 9 for the manufacture of summer shirt clothing.
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