CN115320819A - Control system for reversing forward and reverse sailing of ship and control method thereof - Google Patents
Control system for reversing forward and reverse sailing of ship and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115320819A CN115320819A CN202210368656.3A CN202210368656A CN115320819A CN 115320819 A CN115320819 A CN 115320819A CN 202210368656 A CN202210368656 A CN 202210368656A CN 115320819 A CN115320819 A CN 115320819A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
- B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
- B63H21/17—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven by electric motor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
- B63H23/02—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with mechanical gearing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
- B63H23/02—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with mechanical gearing
- B63H23/08—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with mechanical gearing with provision for reversing drive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
- B63H23/30—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements characterised by use of clutches
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/50—Measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions related to the propulsion system
- Y02T70/5218—Less carbon-intensive fuels, e.g. natural gas, biofuels
- Y02T70/5236—Renewable or hybrid-electric solutions
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses control system and control method of boats and ships driving and reversing, control system includes: gear box, host computer, screw, axle area motor and control handle. The control handle is provided with a plurality of position intervals for manual operation of a crew, so that the control system can automatically execute a plurality of reversing operations. The method for controlling the forward and reverse sailing reversing of the ship comprises the following steps: step S1: under the forward sailing state, the forward clutch is in a neutral gear state through the disengaging operation of the forward clutch, and the reverse clutch is in a closing operation to enter a reverse sailing state; and step S2: and in the reverse sailing state, the vehicle enters a neutral position state through the releasing operation of the reverse clutch, and enters a forward sailing state through the closing operation of the forward clutch.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of application of automatic control technology of a ship power system, in particular to a control system for forward and reverse sailing reversing of a ship and a control method thereof.
Background
Ships have different technical performances, equipment and structural types according to different use requirements. As marine technology has developed, marine propulsion systems have evolved from steam engines to diesel engines, gas turbines, and the full electric propulsion that is currently popular. The existing hybrid power system ship has high thermal efficiency and high economy of diesel propulsion, and also has flexibility and good operability of electric propulsion.
Existing hybrid system vessels have multiple modes of operation: host mode, PTO mode, PTI mode, PTH mode.
The main engine mode is typically power for providing propulsion to the vessel using a diesel engine.
The shaft Power generation Mode is abbreviated as a PTO (Power Take Out Mode) Mode, and the PTO Mode is to provide propulsion Power for the ship by using a shaft generator of the ship. The PTO mode is that the main engine drives the shaft-driven generator to generate power and output power.
The parallel operation propulsion Mode is abbreviated as PTI (Power Take In Mode), the PTI Mode is the reverse process of the shaft generator Mode, the shaft generator is used as a motor, and the shaft generator needs to input Power. In detail, the PTI mode is based on a shaft generator, the shaft generator can be used as a motor through the modes of transformation of an auxiliary motor or a frequency conversion device or a synchronous motor and the like, energy is absorbed from a ship power station, and the generated kinetic energy is used for driving a propeller so as to push a ship. In brief, the shaft generator is used as a motor during emergency propulsion or boosting.
The motor propulsion Mode is abbreviated as PTH (Power Take me Home Mode), which is an emergency handling Mode, and mainly aims to prevent damage to the host or meet emission requirements (entrance/exit), and the PTH device can be used as a main driver of a propulsion axis. For example, when the main engine fails, emergency electric propulsion, namely an emergency treatment mode is adopted, and safe return of the ship is ensured.
Different working modes are required for the ship to navigate in different navigation sections. Inland waterway is complicated and changeable, and the boats and ships that come and go are intensive, need dodge under the emergency, so require inland river boats and ships all possess the conversion ability of driving and backing a car under each mode.
Therefore, a control method for reversing the forward and reverse sailing of the ship needs to be designed to realize the forward and reverse conversion function of the ship.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a control method for reversing sailing of forward driving and reverse driving of a ship, and aims to solve the problem that forward driving and reverse driving cannot be converted in different modes in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:
the embodiment of the application provides a control system that boats and ships are driving and are backed a car navigation switching-over, includes:
a gearbox comprising a forward clutch, a reverse clutch and a transfer gear, the forward clutch and the reverse clutch being switchably connected to the transfer gear;
the main machine is connected with the gear box;
the propeller is connected with the gear box;
a shaft motor connected to the transfer gear; and
and the control handle is provided with a plurality of position intervals for manual operation of a crew, and is used for enabling the control system to automatically execute a plurality of reversing operations.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the control system further includes: port and starboard equipment;
the port equipment is provided with: the system comprises a port host, a port gear box connected to the port host in a shaft mode, a port shaft motor connected to the port gear box in a shaft mode, a port frequency converter electrically connected to the port shaft motor, and a port propeller connected to the port gear box in a shaft mode; and
the starboard equipment is configured with: the system comprises a starboard host, a starboard gear box connected with the starboard host through a shaft, a starboard shaft motor connected with the starboard gear box through a shaft, a starboard frequency converter electrically connected with the starboard shaft motor, and a starboard propeller connected with the starboard gear box through a shaft.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the control system further includes: a direct current distribution board and an alternating current distribution board; the direct current distribution board is electrically connected to the port side frequency converter and the starboard side frequency converter; and the ac distribution board is electrically connected to the dc distribution board.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the control system further includes: a generator set electrically connected to the DC distribution board.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the control system further includes: an energy storage system electrically connected to the DC distribution board.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the gearbox comprises: the port gearbox and the starboard gearbox; the host includes: the port side host and the starboard side host; the propeller includes: the port propeller and the starboard propeller; the shaft band motor includes: the port axle belt motor and the starboard axle belt motor.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the control system further includes: and the host remote control is used for operating the host through an automatic control device.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the control system further includes: and the shaft motor is remotely controlled and used for operating the shaft motor through the automatic control device.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the control system further includes: a PTI electric pump provides circulating power for gearbox lubrication oil in PTH mode.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the position range of the control handle includes: a first location interval, a second location interval, and a third location interval; the commutation operation comprises: the method comprises the steps of a positive vehicle clutch on-line operation, a positive vehicle clutch off-line operation, a reverse vehicle clutch on-line operation and a reverse vehicle clutch off-line operation.
When the control handle is positioned in the first position interval, the forward clutch is disconnected, the reverse clutch is disconnected, the rotating speed of the main machine is in a row combination rotating speed area, and the rotating speed of the propeller is in a zero rotating speed area, the control system automatically executes the forward clutch row combination operation.
When the control handle is located in the second position interval, the forward clutch is in the engaged state, the reverse clutch is in the disengaged state, and the rotating speed of the host is in the engaged rotating speed area, the control system automatically executes the forward clutch disengaging operation.
When the control handle is located in the third position interval, the forward clutch is disconnected, the reverse clutch is disconnected, the rotating speed of the host is in the arrangement rotating speed area, and the rotating speed of the propeller is in the zero rotating speed area, the control system automatically executes the arrangement operation of the reverse clutch.
When the control handle is located in the second position interval, the forward clutch is disconnected, the reverse clutch is connected, and the rotating speed of the host is located in the connection rotating speed area, the control system automatically executes the disconnection operation of the reverse clutch.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the control system is capable of automatically recognizing and automatically following an operation mode completion instruction of the ship, where the operation mode includes: a host mode, a PTO mode, a PTI mode, a PTH mode, and an unidentified mode; and under different working modes, the combination and arrangement rotating speeds of the rotating speed intervals of the main machine corresponding to the control handle are the same, and the rated rotating speeds are different.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the main machine drives the propeller to propel alone in the main machine mode; the main engine mode is a main engine mode main engine navigation state when the main engine clutch of the gear box is arranged; the reverse running state of the host mode is set when the reverse clutch of the gear box is arranged; and when the forward clutch and the reverse clutch of the gear box are both in exhaust, the neutral state of the host mode is achieved.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, in the PTO mode, the main machine drives the propeller to propel and the shaft-to-motor generates electricity; wherein the driving state of the PTO mode is the driving state when the driving clutch of the gearbox is arranged; the reverse running state of the PTO mode is set when the reverse clutch of the gear box is arranged; and when the vehicle driving clutch and the vehicle reversing clutch of the gearbox are both in a gear-shifting state, the gear-shifting state is in a PTO mode.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, in the PTI mode, the main machine and the shaft motor drive the propeller to propel in an electric mode together; wherein the vehicle-ahead running state of the PTI mode is when the vehicle-ahead clutch of the gearbox is arranged; the reverse sailing state of the PTI mode is set when the reverse clutch of the gearbox is arranged; and when the forward clutch and the reverse clutch of the gear box are both in exhaust, the gear box is in a neutral state of the PTI mode.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, in the PTH mode, the main machine is disengaged from both the forward clutch and the reverse clutch, and the shaft-to-motor alone drives the propeller in an electric mode; the positive vehicle navigation state of the PTH mode is set when the rotating speed of the shaft motor is a positive value; when the rotating speed of the shaft motor is a negative value, the shaft motor is in a reverse sailing state of the PTH mode; the neutral state of the PTH mode is assumed when the rotation speed of the shaft-to-motor is 0.
In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:
a control method for reversing the forward and reverse sailing of a ship is suitable for the control system for reversing the forward and reverse sailing of the ship, and comprises the following steps:
s1: under a forward sailing state, the vehicle enters a neutral gear state through a forward clutch gear-disengaging operation, and enters a reverse sailing state through a reverse clutch gear-engaging operation;
s2: and in the reverse navigation state, the vehicle enters the neutral state through a reverse clutch releasing operation, and enters the forward navigation state through a forward clutch closing operation.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, in the forward sailing state, the control handle is located in a first position interval, the forward clutch is in an engaged state, the reverse clutch is in an disengaged state, the rotation speed of the main engine follows the position of the control handle to operate in an interval between an engaged rotation speed and a rated rotation speed, and the rotation speed of the propeller follows the rotation speed of the main engine.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, in the neutral state, the control handle is located in a second position interval, the forward clutch is disengaged, the reverse clutch is disengaged, the rotation speed of the main engine is kept in a combined rotation speed for operation, and the rotation speed of the propeller is in a zero rotation speed area.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, in the reverse sailing state, the control handle is located in a third position interval, the forward clutch is disengaged, the reverse clutch is engaged, the host rotation speed follows the position of the control handle and runs in the interval between the engaged rotation speed and the rated rotation speed, and the propeller rotation speed follows the host rotation speed.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, in the step S2, when the control handle is in the first position interval, the forward clutch is disengaged, the reverse clutch is disengaged, the rotation speed of the main engine is in an engaged rotation speed zone, and the rotation speed of the propeller is in a zero rotation speed zone, the control system automatically executes the forward clutch engaged operation.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, in the step S1, when the control handle is in the second position interval, the forward clutch is engaged, the reverse clutch is disengaged, and the host rotation speed is in the engaged rotation speed region, the control system automatically executes the forward clutch disengaging operation.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, in the step S1, when the control handle is located in the third position interval, the forward clutch is disengaged, the reverse clutch is disengaged, the main engine rotation speed is in the engaged rotation speed area, and the propeller rotation speed is in the zero rotation speed area, the control system automatically executes the engaged operation of the reverse clutch.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, in the step S2, when the control handle is located in the second position interval, the forward clutch is disengaged, the reverse clutch is engaged, and the host rotation speed is located in the engaged rotation speed area, the control system automatically executes the reverse clutch disengaging operation.
To sum up, the beneficial effect of this application is: the embodiment of the application provides a control system and a control method for reversing the forward and reverse sailing of a ship. In the ship reversing operation, except that the control handle needs manual operation of a crew, the arrangement/disconnection operation and detection of a clutch of the gear box, the rotation speed detection and control of the main engine, the rotation speed detection of the propeller and the like are all automatically controlled, so that the linkage control of automatic working mode following, forward driving and reverse navigation reversing is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of devices of a control system for reversing forward and reverse sailing of a ship according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a reverse linkage control relationship of a control system for reversing forward and reverse sailing of a ship according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a reversing operation relationship diagram of a control system for reversing forward and reverse sailing of a ship according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application. Furthermore, it should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the present application, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, and are not intended to limit the present application. In the present application, unless otherwise stated, the use of directional terms such as "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" may refer to the actual use or operation of the device, may refer to the drawing direction in the drawings, and may refer to two opposite directions; while "inner" and "outer" are with respect to the outline of the device.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a control system for reversing forward and reverse sailing of a ship, where the control system includes: gear box, host computer, screw, axle area motor and control handle.
The gear box comprises a forward clutch, a reverse clutch and a transmission gear, wherein the forward clutch and the reverse clutch are switchably connected to the transmission gear. The main machine is connected with the gear box; the propeller is connected with the gear box; the shaft belt motor is connected to the transmission gear; and the control handle is provided with a plurality of position intervals for manual operation of a crew, so that the control system can automatically execute a plurality of reversing operations.
In an embodiment of the present application, the position range of the control handle includes: a first location interval, a second location interval, and a third location interval. The control system is capable of automatically performing a plurality of commutation operations, including: the method comprises the steps of a driving clutch closing operation, a driving clutch releasing operation, a reversing clutch closing operation and a reversing clutch releasing operation.
In specific implementation, the first position interval is a range in which the control handle is adjusted to 20% to 100%, the second position interval is a range in which the control handle is adjusted to-20% to 20%, the third position interval is a range in which the control handle is adjusted to-100% to-20%, specific range values of the position intervals are not limited, and correction can be performed according to actual conditions of the ship.
In detail, in the ship reversing operation, except for the position section of the control handle needing manual operation by a crew, the arrangement/disconnection operation and detection of a forward clutch and a reverse clutch of the gear box, the rotation speed detection and control of the main engine, the rotation speed detection of the propeller and the like are all automatically controlled. The control system can automatically execute various reversing operations according to the position interval of the control handle and by combining with the automatic rotating speed detection of the gear box and the host machine. Various commutation operations will be described in detail later.
In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the control system further includes: port and starboard equipment.
The port equipment is provided with: the system comprises a port host, a port gear box connected to the port host in a shaft mode, a port shaft motor connected to the port gear box in a shaft mode, a port frequency converter electrically connected to the port shaft motor, and a port propeller connected to the port gear box in a shaft mode; and
the starboard equipment is configured with: the system comprises a starboard host, a starboard gear box connected with the starboard host through a shaft, a starboard shaft motor connected with the starboard gear box through a shaft, a starboard frequency converter electrically connected with the starboard shaft motor, and a starboard propeller connected with the starboard gear box through a shaft.
Thus, in a particular embodiment, the gearbox comprises: the port and starboard gearboxes; the host includes: the port side host and the starboard side host; the propeller includes: the port and starboard propellers; the shaft band motor includes: the port axle belt motor and the starboard axle belt motor.
In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the control system further includes: a direct current distribution board and an alternating current distribution board; the direct current distribution board is electrically connected to the port side frequency converter and the starboard side frequency converter; and the ac distribution board is electrically connected to the dc distribution board.
In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the control system further includes: generating set and energy storage system. The generator set is electrically connected to the DC distribution board. The energy storage system is electrically connected to the DC distribution board.
The control system further comprises: the system comprises a host remote control, a shaft motor remote control and a PTI electric pump, wherein the host remote control is used for operating the host through an automatic control device. The shaft motor is remotely controlled to operate the shaft motor through the automatic control device. The PTI electric pump provides circulating power for gearbox lubrication oil when in PTH mode.
Referring to fig. 2, the control system according to the embodiment of the present application can set a plurality of navigation states, where the navigation states include: a forward sailing state, a neutral state and a reverse sailing state.
In the forward sailing state of an embodiment of the application, the control handle is located in a first position interval, the forward clutch is arranged in a combined mode, the reverse clutch is arranged in a separated mode, the rotating speed of the main machine is followed by the position of the control handle to operate in a combined rotating speed and rated rotating speed interval (for example, stepless speed change can be achieved), and the rotating speed of the propeller is followed by the rotating speed of the main machine.
In the neutral state according to an embodiment of the present application, the control handle is located in the second position region, the forward clutch is disengaged, the reverse clutch is disengaged, the rotation speed of the main engine is kept in a combined rotation speed for operation, and the rotation speed of the propeller is in a zero rotation speed region.
In the reverse navigation state of an embodiment of the application, the control handle is located in a third position interval, the forward clutch is disconnected, the reverse clutch is connected, the host rotating speed is followed the position of the control handle is in the connection rotating speed and the rated rotating speed (100%) interval operation (stepless speed change) and the propeller rotating speed is followed the host rotating speed.
Referring to a reversing operation relationship diagram of the control system in an embodiment of the present application shown in fig. 3, the control system can switch the forward navigation state to the reverse navigation state and can also switch the reverse navigation state to the forward navigation state.
Specifically, when the vehicle is in the forward sailing state, the vehicle enters the neutral gear state through a forward clutch disengaging operation, and enters the reverse sailing state through a reverse clutch engaging operation. And in the reverse navigation state, the vehicle enters the neutral state through a reverse clutch releasing operation, and enters the forward navigation state through a forward clutch closing operation.
The reversing linkage control of the control system will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 1, 2 and 3.
The control system can automatically execute various reversing operations (such as a forward clutch arrangement operation, a forward clutch arrangement releasing operation, a reverse clutch arrangement operation and a reverse clutch arrangement releasing operation) according to the position interval of the control handle and by combining with the automatic rotating speed detection of the gear box and the host.
The specific operation is as follows:
when the control handle is positioned in the first position interval, the forward clutch is disconnected, the reverse clutch is disconnected, the rotating speed of the main machine is in a row combination rotating speed area, and the rotating speed of the propeller is in a zero rotating speed area, the control system automatically executes the forward clutch row combination operation.
When the control handle is located in the second position interval, the forward clutch is in the engaged state, the reverse clutch is in the disengaged state, and the rotating speed of the host is in the engaged rotating speed area, the control system automatically executes the forward clutch disengaging operation.
When the control handle is positioned in the third position interval, the forward clutch is disconnected, the reverse clutch is disconnected, the rotating speed of the host is in the arrangement rotating speed area, and the rotating speed of the propeller is in the zero rotating speed area, the control system automatically executes the arrangement operation of the reverse clutch; and
when the control handle is located in the second position interval, the forward clutch is disconnected, the reverse clutch is connected, and the rotating speed of the host is located in the connection rotating speed area, the control system automatically executes the disconnection operation of the reverse clutch.
The control system of an embodiment of the present application has a plurality of operating modes (also a working scene or a working mode of a ship), and the operating modes include: a host mode, a PTO mode, a PTI mode, a PTH mode, and an unidentified mode; and under different working modes, the combined rotating speeds of the rotating speed intervals of the main machine corresponding to the control handle are the same, and the rated rotating speeds are different. The control system can automatically recognize the working mode and automatically follow the working mode to complete the instruction.
The first working scene is as follows:
when the main engine mode is entered, the main engine drives the propeller to propel alone; when the driving clutch of the gear box is arranged in a closed mode, the driving state is the driving sailing state of the host mode; the reverse running state of the host mode is set when the reverse clutch of the gear box is arranged; and when the forward clutch and the reverse clutch of the gear box are both in exhaust, the neutral state of the host mode is achieved.
A second working scene:
when the PTO mode is entered, the main engine drives the propeller to propel, and the shaft motor generates electricity; wherein the driving clutch of the gearbox is in driving sailing state in the PTO mode when being lined up; the reverse running state of the PTO mode is set when the reverse clutch of the gear box is arranged; and when the forward clutch and the reverse clutch of the gear box are both in exhaust, the gear box is in a neutral state in the PTO mode.
A third working scene:
when entering the PTI mode, the main machine and the shaft motor drive the propeller to propel in an electric mode; wherein the vehicle-ahead running state of the PTI mode is when the vehicle-ahead clutch of the gearbox is arranged; the reverse sailing state of the PTI mode is set when the reverse clutch of the gearbox is arranged; and when the forward clutch and the reverse clutch of the gear box are both in exhaust, the gear box is in a neutral state of the PTI mode.
Working scene four:
when the PTH mode is entered, the main engine is disconnected from the forward clutch and the reverse clutch, and the shaft motor drives the propeller to propel alone in an electric mode; the positive vehicle navigation state of the PTH mode is set when the rotating speed of the shaft motor is a positive value; when the rotating speed of the shaft motor is a negative value, the shaft motor is in a reverse sailing state of the PTH mode; and when the rotating speed of the shaft-driven motor is 0, the neutral state of the PTH mode is set.
Working scene five:
entering the unidentified mode when different from the host mode, the PTO mode, the PTI mode, the PTH mode. The unrecognized mode is therefore a general term for other states different from the host mode, the PTO mode, the PTI mode, and the PTH mode.
The following describes in detail a control method for forward and reverse sailing directions of a ship according to an embodiment of the present application, which is applicable to the control system described above, with reference to fig. 1 to 3.
The control method comprises the following steps:
s1: under a forward sailing state, the vehicle enters a neutral gear state through a forward clutch gear-disengaging operation, and enters a reverse sailing state through a reverse clutch gear-engaging operation;
s2: and in the reverse navigation state, the vehicle enters the neutral state through a reverse clutch releasing operation, and enters the forward navigation state through a forward clutch closing operation.
In an embodiment of the present application, in the forward sailing state, as shown in fig. 2, the control handle is located in a first position interval, the forward clutch is in an engaged state, the reverse clutch is in an disengaged state, the rotation speed of the main engine follows the position of the control handle to operate in an engaged rotation speed and rated rotation speed interval (infinitely variable speed), and the rotation speed of the propeller follows the rotation speed of the main engine; for example, the engaged rotation speed refers to a main engine rotation speed when the main clutch is engaged.
In an embodiment of the present application, in the neutral state, as shown in fig. 2, the control handle is located in a second position interval, the forward clutch is disengaged, the reverse clutch is disengaged, the rotation speed of the main engine is maintained in a unified rotation speed for operation, and the rotation speed of the propeller is in a zero rotation speed area; specifically, the exhaust combination rotating speed refers to a main engine rotating speed before the forward clutch or the reverse clutch is exhausted.
In an embodiment of the application, in the reverse sailing state, as shown in fig. 2, the control handle is located in a third position interval, the forward clutch is disconnected, the reverse clutch is connected, the main engine rotating speed follows the position of the control handle, the main engine rotating speed runs (infinitely variable speed) in an interval between the connected rotating speed and the rated rotating speed (100%), and the propeller rotating speed follows the main engine rotating speed. For example, the engaged rotation speed refers to a main engine rotation speed when the reverse clutch is engaged.
In the step S2, when the control handle is located in the first position interval, the forward clutch is disengaged, the reverse clutch is disengaged, the rotation speed of the main engine is in an engaged rotation speed area, and the rotation speed of the propeller is in a zero rotation speed area, the control system automatically executes the forward clutch engaged operation;
in the step S1, when the control handle is located in the second position interval, the forward clutch is engaged, the reverse clutch is disengaged, and the rotation speed of the host is in the engaged rotation speed area, the control system automatically executes the forward clutch disengaging operation;
in the step S1, when the control handle is in the third position interval, the forward clutch is disengaged, the reverse clutch is disengaged, the rotation speed of the main engine is in the engaged rotation speed area, and the rotation speed of the propeller is in the zero rotation speed area, the control system automatically executes the engaged operation of the reverse clutch; and
in the step S2, when the control handle is located in the second position interval, the forward clutch is disengaged, the reverse clutch is engaged, and the rotation speed of the host is located in the engaged rotation speed area, the control system automatically executes the reverse clutch disengaging operation.
That is, the on-vehicle clutch engagement operation means: when the control handle is in the first position interval, the forward clutch is disconnected, the reverse clutch is disconnected, the rotating speed of the main machine is in a row combination rotating speed area, and the rotating speed of the propeller is in a zero rotating speed area, the control system automatically executes operation. The positive clutch discharging operation means that: and when the control handle is positioned in the second position interval, the forward clutch is in the engaged state, the reverse clutch is in the disengaged state, and the rotating speed of the host is in the engaged rotating speed area, the control system automatically executes the operation. The reverse clutch engaging operation means that: when the control handle is in the third position interval, the forward clutch is disconnected, the reverse clutch is disconnected, the rotating speed of the main engine is in the united-row rotating speed area, and the rotating speed of the propeller is in the zero rotating speed area, the control system automatically executes the operation. The reverse clutch releasing operation is as follows: and when the control handle is positioned in the second position interval, the forward clutch is disconnected, the reverse clutch is connected, and the rotating speed of the host is in the connected rotating speed area, the control system automatically executes the operation.
In summary, the embodiment of the application provides a control system and a control method for reversing the forward and reverse sailing of a ship, and the forward and reverse sailing of the ship is reversed by linkage control of a main propulsion control handle and a gear box. In the ship reversing operation, except that the control handle needs manual operation of a crew, the arrangement/disconnection operation and detection of a clutch of the gear box, the rotation speed detection and control of the main engine, the rotation speed detection of the propeller and the like are all automatically controlled, so that the linkage control of automatic working mode following, forward driving and reverse navigation reversing is realized.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are introduced in detail, and specific examples are applied in the description to explain the principles and embodiments of the present application, and the descriptions of the embodiments are only used to help understanding the method and the core ideas of the present application; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.
Claims (15)
1. The utility model provides a control system that boats and ships are driving and are reversing with navigation, its characterized in that includes:
a gearbox comprising a forward clutch, a reverse clutch and a transfer gear, the forward clutch and the reverse clutch being switchably connectable to the transfer gear;
the main machine is connected with the gear box;
the propeller is connected with the gear box;
a shaft motor connected to the transfer gear; and
and the control handle is provided with a plurality of position intervals for manual operation of a crew, and is used for enabling the control system to automatically execute a plurality of reversing operations.
2. The system for controlling reversing of forward and reverse sailing of a marine vessel according to claim 1, wherein said control system further comprises: port and starboard equipment;
the port equipment is provided with: the system comprises a port host, a port gear box connected with the port host in a shaft mode, a port shaft motor connected with the port gear box in a shaft mode, a port frequency converter electrically connected with the port shaft motor in a shaft mode, and a port propeller connected with the port gear box in a shaft mode; and
the starboard equipment is configured with: the starboard propeller comprises a starboard host, a starboard gear box connected to the starboard host through a shaft, a starboard shaft motor connected to the starboard gear box through a shaft, a starboard frequency converter electrically connected to the starboard shaft motor, and a starboard propeller connected to the starboard gear box through a shaft.
3. The system for controlling reversing of forward and reverse sailing of a marine vessel according to claim 2, wherein said control system further comprises: a direct current distribution board and an alternating current distribution board;
the direct current distribution board is electrically connected to the port side frequency converter and the starboard side frequency converter; and
the AC distribution board is electrically connected to the DC distribution board.
4. The system for controlling reversing of forward and reverse sailing of a marine vessel according to claim 3, wherein said control system further comprises: a generator set electrically connected to the DC distribution board.
5. The system for controlling reversing of forward and reverse sailing of a marine vessel according to claim 3, wherein said control system further comprises: an energy storage system electrically connected to the DC distribution board.
6. The system for controlling reversing of forward and reverse sailing of a marine vessel as claimed in claim 2,
the gear box includes: the port gearbox and the starboard gearbox;
the host includes: the port side host and the starboard side host;
the propeller includes: the port and starboard propellers;
the shaft band motor includes: the port axle belt motor and the starboard axle belt motor.
7. The system for controlling reversing of forward and reverse sailing of a marine vessel according to claim 1, wherein said control system further comprises: and the host remote control is used for operating the host through an automatic control device.
8. The system for controlling reversing of forward and reverse sailing of a marine vessel according to claim 1, wherein said control system further comprises: and the shaft motor is remotely controlled and used for operating the shaft motor through the automatic control device.
9. The system for reversing the forward and reverse sailing of a marine vessel as claimed in claim 1, wherein said control system further comprises: a PTI electric pump; the PTI electric pump is capable of providing circulating power for lubrication oil of the gearbox when in PTH mode.
10. The system for controlling reversing of forward and reverse sailing of a marine vessel as claimed in claim 1,
the position interval of the control handle comprises: a first position interval, a second position interval and a third position interval;
the reversing operation comprises: the method comprises the following steps of performing a forward clutch closing operation, performing a forward clutch releasing operation, performing a reverse clutch closing operation and performing a reverse clutch releasing operation;
when the control handle is positioned in the first position interval, the forward clutch is disconnected, the reverse clutch is disconnected, the rotating speed of the host is in a row combination rotating speed area, and the rotating speed of the propeller is in a zero rotating speed area, the control system automatically executes the forward clutch row combination operation;
when the control handle is positioned in the second position interval, the forward clutch is in the engaged state, the reverse clutch is in the disengaged state, and the rotating speed of the host is in the engaged rotating speed area, the control system automatically executes the forward clutch disengaging operation;
when the control handle is positioned in the third position interval, the forward clutch is disconnected, the reverse clutch is disconnected, the rotating speed of the main engine is in the arrangement rotating speed area, and the rotating speed of the propeller is in the zero rotating speed area, the control system automatically executes the arrangement operation of the reverse clutch; and
when the control handle is located in the second position interval, the forward clutch is disconnected, the reverse clutch is connected, and the rotating speed of the host is located in the connection rotating speed area, the control system automatically executes the disconnection operation of the reverse clutch.
11. The system of claim 10, wherein the control system is capable of automatically recognizing and automatically following a command for completing a working mode of the vessel, the working mode comprising: a host mode, a PTO mode, a PTI mode, a PTH mode, and an unidentified mode; and under different working modes, the combination and arrangement rotating speeds of the rotating speed intervals of the main machine corresponding to the control handle are the same, and the rated rotating speeds are different.
12. The system for controlling reversing of forward and reverse sailing of a marine vessel according to claim 11,
when in the main engine mode, the main engine drives the propeller to propel alone; the main engine mode is a main engine mode main engine navigation state when the main engine clutch of the gear box is arranged; the reverse running state of the host mode is set when the reverse clutch of the gear box is arranged; the neutral state of the host mode is achieved when the forward clutch and the reverse clutch of the gear box are both disconnected;
in the PTO mode, the main engine drives the propeller to propel, and the shaft motor generates electricity; wherein the driving clutch of the gearbox is in driving sailing state in the PTO mode when being lined up; the reverse running state of the PTO mode is set when the reverse clutch of the gear box is arranged; the gear box is in a neutral state of the PTO mode when the forward clutch and the reverse clutch of the gear box are both disengaged;
when in the PTI mode, the main machine and the shaft motor drive the propeller to propel in an electric mode; wherein the vehicle-ahead running state of the PTI mode is when the vehicle-ahead clutch of the gearbox is arranged; the reverse sailing state of the PTI mode is set when the reverse clutch of the gearbox is arranged; the neutral state of the PTI mode is achieved when the forward clutch and the reverse clutch of the gearbox are both disengaged;
when in the PTH mode, the main engine is disconnected from the forward clutch and the reverse clutch, and the shaft motor drives the propeller to propel alone in an electric mode; the positive vehicle navigation state of the PTH mode is set when the rotating speed of the shaft motor is a positive value; when the rotating speed of the shaft motor is a negative value, the shaft motor is in a reverse sailing state of the PTH mode; and when the rotating speed of the shaft-driven motor is 0, the neutral state of the PTH mode is set.
13. A method for controlling reversing of forward and reverse sailing of a ship, which is suitable for a system for controlling reversing of forward and reverse sailing of a ship according to any one of claims 1 to 12, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: under a forward sailing state, the vehicle enters a neutral gear state through a forward clutch gear-disengaging operation, and enters a reverse sailing state through a reverse clutch gear-engaging operation;
s2: and in the reverse navigation state, the vehicle enters the neutral state through a reverse clutch releasing operation, and enters the forward navigation state through a forward clutch closing operation.
14. The method for controlling reversing of forward and reverse sailing of a marine vessel as claimed in claim 13,
in the forward sailing state, the control handle is positioned in a first position interval, the forward clutch is arranged in an engaged mode, the reverse clutch is arranged in a disengaged mode, the rotating speed of the main engine runs in an engaged rotating speed and rated rotating speed interval along with the position of the control handle, and the rotating speed of the propeller follows the rotating speed of the main engine;
in the neutral gear state, the control handle is positioned in a second position interval, the forward clutch is disconnected, the reverse clutch is disconnected, the rotating speed of the main engine is kept in a row-combining rotating speed for running, and the rotating speed of the propeller is in a zero rotating speed area;
in the reverse navigation state, the control handle is located in a third position range, the forward clutch is disconnected, the reverse clutch is connected, the main engine rotates along with the position of the control handle and runs in the range of the connected rotating speed and the rated rotating speed, and the propeller rotates along with the main engine rotating speed.
15. The method for controlling reversing of forward and reverse sailing of a marine vessel as claimed in claim 14,
in the step S2, when the control handle is located in the first position interval, the forward clutch is disengaged, the reverse clutch is disengaged, the rotation speed of the main engine is in an engaged rotation speed area, and the rotation speed of the propeller is in a zero rotation speed area, the control system automatically executes the forward clutch engaged operation;
in the step S1, when the control handle is located in the second position interval, the forward clutch is engaged, the reverse clutch is disengaged, and the rotation speed of the host is in the engaged rotation speed area, the control system automatically executes the forward clutch disengaging operation;
in the step S1, when the control handle is located in the third position interval, the forward clutch is disengaged, the reverse clutch is disengaged, the rotation speed of the main engine is in the engaged rotation speed area, and the rotation speed of the propeller is in the zero rotation speed area, the control system automatically executes the engaged operation of the reverse clutch; and
in the step S2, when the control handle is located in the second position interval, the forward clutch is disengaged, the reverse clutch is engaged, and the rotation speed of the host is located in the engaged rotation speed area, the control system automatically executes the reverse clutch disengaging operation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210368656.3A CN115320819A (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | Control system for reversing forward and reverse sailing of ship and control method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210368656.3A CN115320819A (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | Control system for reversing forward and reverse sailing of ship and control method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115320819A true CN115320819A (en) | 2022-11-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210368656.3A Pending CN115320819A (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | Control system for reversing forward and reverse sailing of ship and control method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115320819A (en) |
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2022
- 2022-04-08 CN CN202210368656.3A patent/CN115320819A/en active Pending
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