CN112923016A - Multipurpose marine shafting capable of completing multiple working conditions - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multipurpose marine shafting capable of completing various working conditions, which comprises but is not limited to the following steps: the main output shaft of the main engine, the propeller shaft and the input shaft of other equipment needing to be driven comprise a main shaft, a floating shaft and the propeller shaft, wherein the floating shaft is movably engaged inside and outside the rear end of the main shaft, the main shaft drives the floating shaft to synchronously rotate, and the floating shaft makes front-back displacement motion at the tail end of the main shaft through a pneumatic driving mechanism and reaches the positions with four running functions of power generation, propulsion, power generation propulsion and maintenance. The invention relates to the technical field of marine shafting, in particular to a multipurpose marine shafting capable of independently completing multiple working conditions, and can also be applied to other related fields such as naval vessels and the like. Through the four-position marine clutch, the functions of propelling, driving a generator or other equipment needing driving and overhauling a main engine without driving a load to be unloaded can be independently or simultaneously completed.

Description

Multipurpose marine shafting capable of completing multiple working conditions

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of marine shafting, in particular to a multipurpose marine shafting capable of independently completing multiple working conditions, and can also be applied to other related fields such as naval vessels and the like.

Background

There are many ocean engineering vessels that need larger power plants such as: in order to save construction cost and energy and fully utilize equipment, most of dredger and dynamic positioning ships have FSRUs (offshore floating liquefied natural gas regasification units) with self-propulsion functions, and additional equipment such as a shaft generator, a hydraulic pump and the like are arranged on an output shaft of a main propulsion engine. In practice, the additional equipment and the propeller connected to the main shaft of the engine may be used separately or simultaneously. However, the arrangement of the shaft belt equipment added to the main propulsion engine of the existing ship cannot achieve the purpose of singly using a single propulsion propeller or singly using a shaft belt generator, and when one of the equipment needs to be used independently, the other equipment needs to run in an idle running mode, for example: when the propulsion propeller needs to be used independently, the shaft-driven generator needs to idle; if the generator is used alone, the propeller must be adjusted to the blade angle of 0 degrees by adjusting the variable pitch system, so that the current solution not only suffers from a certain energy loss, but also requires the use of expensive variable pitch propeller systems. Other equipment is required to be attached to an output shaft of a main engine of a plurality of existing professional ships, for example, a dynamic positioning ship is required to be attached with a shaft generator, the electric power for operation of some ocean engineering ships is very high, an electric side-pushing propeller is required to be used when a plurality of operation ships are positioned, the power is more than 1WM, in addition, more other electric equipment is required during operation, and the power of the shaft generator is required to exceed 2 MW; the FSRU with the self-propulsion function has the self-propulsion and LNG gasification functions, and the 3 sets of FSRUs with 250MMSCF/D require electric power of approximately 20MW during operation. The FSRU and the marine vessel can generate electricity by using a high-power generator attached to a main shaft of a main engine so as to meet megawatt high-load electricity consumption during operation of the FSRU and the marine vessel, and the shaft generator is expected to be cut off during navigation. Or according to the situation, the propeller and the shaft generator are simultaneously arranged, the shaft generator has high power generation, low cost and high efficiency, and is a technology which is more energy-saving and more cost-saving compared with a technology of independently arranging the generator on the ship. However, in the prior art, when the propeller and the shaft generator are used, they cannot be completely separated and used alone, and when one of the devices is used, the other device is often required to idle, which also causes a certain energy waste. The following describes the auxiliary shaft generator equipment of the main propulsion engine by using the existing marine vessel main propulsion engine auxiliary shaft generator technology, and the following three main arrangement schemes and the advantages and disadvantages thereof are described: the shaft generator part and the propeller are connected together, one part of the shaft generator part cannot be operated independently, and the rotor and the stator of the shaft generator are directly arranged on the main propulsion shaft, so that the shaft generator is simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost and convenient to manage, but is only limited to be used for constant-speed sailing. In the configuration scheme, although the shaft generator is configured, the number of the conventional generators equipped in the ship cannot be reduced, the shaft generator is used, the ship can sail in a long distance to save oil, the service time of the conventional generator is shortened, and spare parts and management workload of the conventional generator are reduced. If the shaft generator is not used when the ship sails, the shaft generator must idle, and certain energy loss is increased invisibly; the second mode is another arrangement mode of the shaft generator, and the shaft generator is only used when the vehicle is sailed at a fixed speed, if the shaft generator is not used during sailing, the motor can be disconnected, energy consumption is reduced, and other advantages and disadvantages are similar to those of the first mode; thirdly, an arrangement scheme suitable for the variable-pitch propeller, wherein the generator is used independently, when the variable-pitch propeller is used, the pitch of the propeller is adjusted to be at 0 degree, the propeller idles, when the shaft generator is not used, the propeller rotates, and the shaft generator can be disconnected, but when the shaft generator is used independently, the pitch of the propeller needs to be idle at 0 degree, certain energy loss can be generated, and an expensive variable-pitch propeller pitch system with the variable pitch is also needed to work.

Among the three existing mainstream shaft generator arrangement schemes, the first and second arrangement schemes are that the shaft generator cannot be used when a ship is not sailing or is in maneuvering sailing, the third scheme needs to be provided with a variable pitch propeller, the pitch of a pitch adjusting propeller needs to be adjusted to be 0 degree during non-sailing, the shaft generator can be used, certain energy loss is caused by the idling of the variable pitch system and the propeller and the operation of a variable pitch device, and the cost for configuring the variable pitch propeller is relatively high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a multipurpose marine shafting capable of completing various working conditions, which solves the problem that when a main engine uses a shaft generator, the main engine can independently complete the maintenance working conditions of only driving a propeller to propel, independently driving additional equipment, simultaneously driving the propeller and the additional equipment, and simultaneously not driving the propeller and the additional equipment by adding the marine shafting capable of completing the four-position switching under the condition of not configuring a variable-pitch propeller system, and can be conveniently switched among the four working conditions without mutual interference; the aircraft has no idling component, is more convenient and energy-saving, has multiple functions, reduces equipment allocation in the engine room, and reduces the ship construction cost and the management cost.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a multi-purpose marine shafting capable of performing a plurality of conditions, including but not limited to: the main output shaft of a main engine (a diesel engine, a dual-fuel internal combustion engine and a steam turbine), a propeller shaft and input shafts of other equipment needing to be driven (the same as the shaft-driven generator is taken as an example hereinafter), the shaft system comprises a main shaft, a floating shaft and a propeller shaft, the floating shaft is movably engaged inside and outside at the rear end of the main shaft, the main shaft drives the floating shaft to synchronously rotate, the floating shaft makes front-back displacement motion at the tail end of the main shaft through a pneumatic driving mechanism to reach positions with four driving functions of power generation, propulsion, power generation propulsion and maintenance, a generator is arranged beside the floating shaft, a circle of generator prime gear is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the floating shaft, the pneumatic mechanism drives the generator prime gear to engage and disengage with a shaft-driven generator input gear on the shaft-driven generator input shaft driven by a power input end of the generator, and the propeller prime gear is fixedly arranged at the tail end of the, the propeller shaft is fixedly provided with a propeller shaft gear ring towards the tail end direction of the main shaft, the floating shaft moves along the axis direction of the main shaft under the driving of the pneumatic piston, the propeller shaft gear ring is engaged and disengaged with the propeller prime gear, the floating shaft moves leftwards under the driving of the pneumatic piston, when the floating shaft reaches a power generation position, the generator prime gear is engaged with the shaft driven generator input gear, the propeller prime gear is disengaged from the propeller shaft gear ring, at the moment, the main engine only drives the shaft driven generator, and the main engine only has the function of generating power; when the floating shaft moves to a propelling position under the action of the pneumatic piston, the propeller driving gear is meshed with the propeller shaft gear ring, the generator driving gear is separated from the shaft-driven generator input gear, and the main engine is only used for a propelling function at the moment; when the floating shaft is moved to a power generation propulsion position, the generator prime gear is meshed with the shaft-driven generator input gear, the propeller prime gear is meshed with the propeller shaft gear ring, and the main engine drives the propeller and the generator; when the floating shaft reaches the maintenance position under the action of the pneumatic piston, the generator driving gear is disengaged from the shaft-driven generator input gear, and the propeller driving gear is disengaged from the propeller shaft gear ring, so that the main engine does not drive any load at the moment, and the main engine is maintained.

Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a pneumatic control box, the pneumatic control box is movably provided with a pneumatic piston through a cylinder, the side wall of the pneumatic piston, which is in contact with the floating shaft, is provided with a clamping groove, the outer wall of the floating shaft is fixedly provided with a circle of clamping ring matched with the clamping groove in a clamping manner, and the pneumatic piston drives the floating shaft to move forwards and backwards along the axial direction of the main shaft to reach four functional positions of the main engine.

Preferably, the width of the outer wall of the clamping ring is larger than that of the inner wall of the clamping ring, and the inner wall of the clamping ring is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the floating shaft.

Preferably, the outer wall of the tail end of the main shaft is provided with clamping teeth distributed along the axial direction of the main shaft, the inner wall of the floating shaft is provided with a tooth groove matched with the clamping teeth in a clamped mode, the tooth groove is arranged along the axial direction of the floating shaft, and the floating shaft can axially move to a required position along the main output shaft of the engine under the pushing or pulling action of the pneumatic piston.

Compared with the prior art, the multipurpose marine shafting can complete various working conditions:

through the four-position marine clutch, the idle load position of all equipment is not driven when the propeller is independently driven, the propeller is independently driven by the shaft to drive the generator, the propeller and the generator are simultaneously driven or the main engine is overhauled, and the functions of propelling, driving the generator or other equipment needing to be driven and overhauling the main engine without driving the load idle load can be independently or simultaneously completed; the main engine (diesel engine, dual-fuel internal combustion engine and steam turbine) can realize the working conditions of propelling the propeller to sail or generate electricity independently or simultaneously, save the initial investment cost, achieve multiple purposes, save the space and the management cost of the ship, and ensure that the propeller must be used together with the shaft generator simultaneously in the existing defects or the shaft generator cannot be used separately, and the propeller and the shaft generator can be freely switched, so that the output power of the diesel engine, the dual-fuel internal combustion engine and the steam turbine of the ship main engine can reach or approach the optimal design working condition of the operation of the engine when the diesel engine, the dual-fuel internal combustion engine and the steam turbine are attached;

the invention also has the following advantages: the marine engineering ship has multiple purposes, can complete all functions of navigation and operation of a marine engineering ship or an LNGC-FSRU under the premise of reducing the arrangement of expensive marine main engines (diesel engines, dual-fuel engines and steam turbines) and auxiliary equipment (cooling, lubricating, fuel matching and smoke discharging), has small investment, less equipment in a cabin, convenient maintenance, less required materials and spare parts and low management cost;

the invention can be contained in a gear box, can conveniently finish the main engine to realize the independent power generation and navigation functions, or simultaneously navigate and generate power, and can also disconnect all equipment, and the main engine is maintained in a free state.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention without limiting the invention in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention in which the output shaft of the main engine is connected to the shaft generator only;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the working condition of the main engine output shaft connected with both the propeller shaft and the shaft generator in the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the propulsion condition of the main engine output shaft only connected with the propeller shaft according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the main engine output shaft in a maintenance state without any equipment.

In the drawings:

1. a main shaft; 2. the shaft carries the generator input gear; 3. the shaft is provided with a generator input shaft; 4. a pneumatic control box; 5. a floating shaft; 6. a propeller shaft; 7. a propeller shaft gear ring; 8. a generator prime gear; 9. a propeller prime gear; 10. a pneumatic piston.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a technical solution: a multi-purpose marine shafting capable of performing multiple operating conditions, including but not limited to: the main output shaft of a main engine (a diesel engine, a dual-fuel internal combustion engine and a steam turbine), a propeller shaft and an input shaft of other equipment needing to be driven (the same as the shaft generator is taken as an example below), the shaft system comprises a main shaft 1, a floating shaft 5 and a propeller shaft 6, the floating shaft 5 is movably meshed inside and outside the rear end of the main shaft 1, the outer wall of the tail end of the main shaft 1 is provided with clamping teeth distributed along the axial direction of the main shaft 1, the inner wall of the floating shaft 5 is provided with tooth grooves matched with the clamping teeth in a clamping way, the tooth grooves are distributed along the axial direction of the floating shaft 5, the main shaft 1 drives the floating shaft 5 to synchronously rotate, the floating shaft 5 makes forward and backward displacement motion on the tail end of the main shaft 1 through a pneumatic driving mechanism 4 to reach positions of four driving functions of power generation, propulsion, power generation propulsion and maintenance, and the floating shaft 5 can perform axial displacement to the required position along the main, the device can stay at four positions according to functional requirements, the positions can be increased or decreased to meet the requirements of driving equipment, a driving mechanism comprises a pneumatic control box 4, a pneumatic piston 10 is movably arranged on the pneumatic control box 4 through a cylinder, a clamping groove is formed in the side wall, in contact with a floating shaft 5, of the pneumatic piston 10, a circle of clamping ring matched with the clamping groove in a clamping mode is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the floating shaft 5, the pneumatic piston 10 drives the floating shaft 5 to move forwards and backwards along the axial direction of a main shaft 1 to reach four functional positions of the main engine, the width of the outer wall of the clamping ring is larger than that of the inner wall of the clamping ring, the inner wall of the clamping ring is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the floating shaft 5, a generator is arranged beside the floating shaft 5, a circle of generator driving gear 8 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the floating shaft 5, and the pneumatic mechanism drives the generator driving gear, a propeller driving gear 9 is fixedly arranged at the tail end of the floating shaft 5, a propeller shaft gear ring 7 is fixedly arranged on the propeller shaft 6 in the direction towards the tail end of the main shaft 1, the floating shaft 5 moves along the axis direction of the main shaft 1 under the driving of the pneumatic piston 4, the propeller shaft gear ring 7 is engaged and disengaged with the propeller driving gear 9, the floating shaft 5 moves leftwards under the driving of the pneumatic piston 10, when the power generation position is reached, the generator driving gear 8 is engaged with the shaft-driven generator input gear 2, the propeller driving gear 9 is disengaged from the propeller shaft gear ring 7, at the moment, the main engine only drives the shaft to generate power, and the main engine only has the function of generating power; when the floating shaft 5 moves to a propelling position under the action of the pneumatic piston 10, the propeller driving gear 9 is meshed with the propeller shaft gear ring 7, the generator driving gear 8 is separated from the shaft-driven generator input gear 2, and the main engine is only used for a propelling function at the moment; when the floating shaft 5 is displaced to a power generation propulsion position, the generator prime gear 8 is meshed with the shaft-driven generator input gear 2, the propeller prime gear 9 is meshed with the propeller shaft gear ring 7, and at the moment, the main engine drives the propeller and the generator; when the floating shaft 5 reaches the maintenance position under the action of the pneumatic piston 10, the generator driving gear 8 is disengaged from the shaft-driven generator input gear 2, the propeller driving gear 9 and the propeller shaft gear ring 7, and the main engine does not drive any load at this time, so that the main engine is maintained.

The specific working principle of the present invention will be explained in detail below: the outer gear of the output shaft of the main engine is meshed with the inner gear of the floating shaft, the pneumatic control valve pushes the floating shaft to move up and down and back through the pneumatic piston to realize displacement change and reach each functional area of the floating shaft, the floating shaft is meshed with the shaft generator and the gear of the propeller shaft respectively or simultaneously, and the floating shaft and the gear of the propeller shaft are not meshed with each other.

Under the maintenance working condition: as shown in fig. 4, the driving gear 8 of the shaft generator on the floating shaft 5 is not engaged with the input gear of the shaft generator, and the driving gear 9 of the propeller on the floating shaft 5 is not engaged with the gear ring 7 of the propeller shaft, and the main shaft 1 and the engine connected with the main shaft are driven by a jigger to rotate, or the main engine is tested in a no-load way, and the maintenance is carried out under the working condition.

Under the power generation working condition: as shown in figure 1, under the pushing of a pneumatic piston 10, an input gear 8 of a shaft-driven generator on a floating shaft 5 is meshed with a prime gear 2 of the shaft-driven generator, a main shaft 1 rotates with the shaft-driven generator to generate electricity, the LNG gasification of a ship or other operation requirements are met, a prime gear 9 of a propeller is separated from a propeller gear ring 7, and the propeller is in a free state and does not rotate.

Under the main shaft propulsion working condition: as shown in fig. 3, the floating shaft 5 moves to the right (stern direction) under the push of the pneumatic piston 10, so that the propeller driving gear 9 is meshed with the propeller gear ring 7, the main propulsion shaft drives the propeller to rotate, the ship can sail at full speed or at power, at the moment, the shaft generator input gear 8 on the floating shaft 5 is disconnected with the shaft generator driving gear 2, and the shaft generator is in a stop state.

Simultaneously driving the working conditions of the propeller and the shaft generator: as shown in fig. 2, the floating shaft 5 is pulled by the pneumatic piston 10 to reach a propulsion power generation function position, the generator driving gear 8 on the floating shaft 5 is meshed with the shaft-driven generator input gear 2, the propeller driving gear 9 is meshed with the propeller shaft gear ring 7, and at the moment, the propeller and the shaft-driven generator can run simultaneously under the driving of the output shaft of the main machine, so that the propulsion and power generation functions are completed.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a can accomplish marine shafting of multipurpose of multiple operating mode, this shafting includes main shaft (1), floating shaft (5) and propeller shaft (6), its characterized in that: the rear end of the main shaft (1) is movably engaged with a floating shaft (5) inside and outside, the main shaft (1) drives the floating shaft (5) to synchronously rotate, the floating shaft (5) makes front-back displacement motion at the tail end of the main shaft (1) through a pneumatic driving mechanism (4) to reach positions with four running functions of power generation, propulsion, power generation propulsion and maintenance, a power generator is arranged beside the floating shaft (5), a circle of power generator driving gear (8) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the floating shaft (5), the pneumatic mechanism drives the power generator driving gear (8) to engage and disengage with a shaft generator input gear (2) on a shaft generator input shaft (3) driven by a power input end of the power generator, a propeller driving gear (9) is fixedly arranged at the tail end of the floating shaft (5), and a propeller shaft gear ring (7) is fixedly arranged on the propeller shaft (6) towards the tail end of the main shaft (1), under the drive of a pneumatic piston (4), a floating shaft (5) moves along the axis direction of a main shaft (1), a propeller shaft gear ring (7) and a propeller driving gear (9) are engaged and disengaged, under the drive of the pneumatic piston (10), the floating shaft (5) moves leftwards, when a power generation position is reached, a generator driving gear (8) is engaged with a shaft-driven generator input gear (2), the propeller driving gear (9) is disengaged from the propeller shaft gear ring (7), at the moment, a main engine only drives the shaft to generate power, and the main engine only has the function of generating power; when the floating shaft (5) moves a propelling position under the action of the pneumatic piston (10), the propeller driving gear (9) is meshed with the propeller shaft gear ring (7), the generator driving gear (8) is separated from the shaft-driven generator input gear (2), and the main engine is only used for a propelling function at the moment; when the floating shaft (5) is displaced to a power generation propulsion position, the generator prime gear (8) is meshed with the shaft-driven generator input gear (2), the propeller prime gear (9) is meshed with the propeller shaft gear ring (7), and at the moment, the main engine drives the propeller and the generator; when the floating shaft (5) reaches the maintenance position under the action of the pneumatic piston (10), the generator driving gear (8) is disengaged from the shaft-driven generator input gear (2), and the propeller driving gear (9) is disengaged from the propeller shaft gear ring (7), and at the moment, the main engine does not drive any load, so that the main engine is maintained.

2. The multi-purpose marine shafting capable of performing various working conditions according to claim 1, wherein: actuating mechanism includes pneumatic control case (4), pneumatic control case (4) are equipped with pneumatic piston (10) through the cylinder activity, the draw-in groove has been seted up with the lateral wall that floats axle (5) contact in pneumatic piston (10), and the fixed snap ring that is equipped with round and draw-in groove joint adaptation of outer wall of floating axle (5), and pneumatic piston (10) drive float axle (5) along main shaft (1) axial displacement around, reach four functional position that main engine went.

3. The multi-purpose marine shafting capable of performing various working conditions according to claim 2, wherein: the width of the outer wall of the clamping ring is larger than that of the inner wall of the clamping ring, and the inner wall of the clamping ring is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the floating shaft (5). The multi-purpose marine shafting capable of performing various working conditions according to claim 1, wherein: the outer wall of the tail end of the main shaft (1) is provided with clamping teeth distributed along the axial direction of the main shaft (1), the inner wall of the floating shaft (5) is provided with a tooth groove matched with the clamping teeth in a clamped mode, and the tooth groove is arranged along the axial direction of the floating shaft (5).

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