CN115319266A - Aluminum alloy friction stir welding thermal stability process - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy friction stir welding thermal stability process Download PDFInfo
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- CN115319266A CN115319266A CN202210909515.8A CN202210909515A CN115319266A CN 115319266 A CN115319266 A CN 115319266A CN 202210909515 A CN202210909515 A CN 202210909515A CN 115319266 A CN115319266 A CN 115319266A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
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- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an aluminum alloy friction stir welding thermal stability process, which comprises the following steps: step one, trimming; step two, cleaning; step three, drying; step four, welding; step five, quenching; in the first step, the workpiece to be welded is placed in a freezing edge trimmer, the workpiece is embrittled by utilizing low-temperature freezing of liquid nitrogen, and burrs are removed by impacting the surface of the workpiece with high-speed sprayed polymer particles to obtain an edge trimming part; in the second step, the trimming part obtained in the first step is placed into an ultrasonic cleaning machine, a prefabricated cleaning agent is poured into the ultrasonic cleaning machine, the workpiece is immersed, and then the ultrasonic oscillation is utilized to dissolve and remove residual impurities on the surface of the trimming part into the cleaning agent to obtain a clean part; according to the invention, through laser quenching treatment, the thermal stability of the welding line is improved, the internal residual stress is eliminated, the welding strength is improved, the cleaning force is large, the time consumption is short, the welding line gap is small, and the welding is firm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of friction stir welding, in particular to a heat stability process for friction stir welding of aluminum alloy.
Background
The friction stir welding is a new kind of solid phase connection technology, and the welded material is locally molten by means of the heat produced by the friction between the high speed rotating welding tool and the workpiece, and when the welding tool moves forwards along the welding interface, the plasticized material flows from the front part to the back part of the welding tool under the action of the rotating friction force of the welding tool and forms compact solid phase weld seam under the extrusion of the welding tool.
However, most of the conventional friction stir welding processes have insufficient cleaning force on aluminum alloy, more impurities are left on the surface of a workpiece, the friction stir welding effect is inevitably influenced, the gap of a welding seam is large, the welding is not firm, a manual polishing and trimming mode is generally adopted, the labor intensity is high, human errors are large, more burrs are left, the surface of the workpiece is easily scratched, and the subsequent welding is influenced, and in addition, the welding seam has poor thermal stability, more internal residual stress, lower welding intensity and poor working reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heat stability process for friction stir welding of aluminum alloy, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a heat stability process for friction stir welding of aluminum alloy comprises the following steps: step one, trimming; step two, cleaning; step three, drying; step four, welding; step five, quenching;
in the first step, the workpiece to be welded is placed in a freezing edge trimmer, the workpiece is embrittled by utilizing low-temperature freezing of liquid nitrogen, and burrs are removed by impacting the surface of the workpiece with high-speed sprayed polymer particles to obtain an edge trimming part;
in the second step, the trimming piece obtained in the first step is placed into an ultrasonic cleaning machine, a prefabricated cleaning agent is poured into the ultrasonic cleaning machine, the workpiece is immersed, and then the ultrasonic oscillation is utilized to dissolve and remove residual impurities on the surface of the trimming piece into the cleaning agent, so that a clean piece is obtained;
in the third step, the clean part obtained in the second step is placed into a hot air dryer, and the residual liquid on the surface of the clean part is removed by utilizing high-speed sprayed hot air to obtain a dried part;
in the fourth step, the dried piece obtained in the third step is placed into a friction stir welding machine, the surface to be welded is spliced and then clamped, the welding head rotating at a high speed is used for generating heat through friction, the material moves forwards along the welding surface, the material is locally melted and extruded, and the material is welded together to obtain a welded piece;
and step five, placing the welding part obtained in the step four on a laser quenching machine, scanning a welding seam area by using a laser beam with high energy density, instantly heating to a quenching temperature, rapidly self-cooling the welding seam area material after the laser beam spot moves, and self-tempering by using waste heat to obtain an aluminum alloy finished product.
Preferably, in the first step, the working temperature of the freezing edge trimming machine is-80 ℃, and the rotating speed of the projectile wheel is 60r/s.
Preferably, in the second step, the working frequency of the ultrasonic cleaning machine is 11kHz, and the cleaning time is 6min.
Preferably, in the second step, the cleaning agent is formed by mixing ethylene glycol, acetone, sodium hydroxide and deionized water, and the weight ratio of the ethylene glycol to the acetone to the sodium hydroxide to the deionized water is 3: 7: 15.
Preferably, in the third step, the temperature of hot air in the hot air dryer is 130 ℃, and the flow rate of the hot air is 65m/s.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the rotating speed of the welding head of the friction stir welding machine is 200r/min, and the moving speed of the welding head is 20mm/min.
Preferably, in the fifth step, the energy density of the laser beam of the laser quenching machine is 105W/cm 2 The quenching temperature is 505 ℃, and the scanning speed is 5mm/s.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the heat stability process for friction stir welding of the aluminum alloy, the cleaning agent formed by mixing ethylene glycol, acetone, sodium hydroxide and deionized water is used for ultrasonic cleaning, the force is large, the time consumption is short, the residual impurities on the surface of a workpiece are less, the friction stir effect is ensured, the welding seam gap is small, and the welding is firm; the adoption of the frozen shot blasting trimming mode has the advantages of low labor intensity, no human error, less burr residue, avoidance of scratching of the surface of the workpiece and guarantee of subsequent welding; through laser quenching treatment, the thermal stability of a welding seam is improved, internal residual stress is eliminated, the welding strength is improved, and the laser quenching device is reliable and safe in work.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention: a heat stability process for friction stir welding of aluminum alloy comprises the following steps: step one, trimming; step two, cleaning; step three, drying; step four, welding; step five, quenching;
in the first step, the workpiece to be welded is placed in a freezing trimmer, the workpiece is embrittled by utilizing low-temperature freezing at-80 ℃ of liquid nitrogen, high polymer particles ejected at high speed through a 60r/s ejection wheel impact the surface of the workpiece, and burrs are removed to obtain a trimmed part;
in the second step, the trimming part obtained in the first step is placed into an ultrasonic cleaning machine, a prefabricated cleaning agent is poured into the ultrasonic cleaning machine, the cleaning agent is formed by mixing ethylene glycol, acetone, sodium hydroxide and deionized water according to the weight ratio of 3: 7: 15, a workpiece is immersed, and then 11kHz ultrasonic oscillation is used for 6min to enable residual impurities on the surface of the trimming part to be dissolved into the cleaning agent and removed, so that a clean part is obtained;
in the third step, the clean part obtained in the second step is placed into a hot air dryer, and residual liquid on the surface of the clean part is removed by using high-speed 65m/s hot air with the temperature of 130 ℃ to obtain a dried part;
in the fourth step, the dried piece obtained in the third step is placed into a friction stir welding machine, the dried piece is clamped after the surfaces to be welded are spliced, the welding head rotating at a high speed of 200r/min is used for generating heat through friction, and the dried piece moves forwards along the welding surface by 20mm/min, so that the materials are locally melted and extruded and are welded together to obtain a welded piece;
in the fifth step, the welding part obtained in the fourth step is placed on a laser quenching machine and is processed by 105W/cm 2 And (3) scanning the welding seam area by using a laser beam with high energy density for 5mm/s, instantly heating to a quenching temperature of 505 ℃, rapidly self-cooling the welding seam area material after the laser beam spot moves, and performing self-tempering by using waste heat to obtain the aluminum alloy finished product.
Based on the above, the ultrasonic welding method has the advantages that through laser quenching treatment, the thermal stability of a welding line is improved, internal residual stress is eliminated, the welding strength is improved, the operation is reliable and safe, in addition, the ultrasonic cleaning is carried out by utilizing the cleaning agent formed by mixing ethylene glycol, acetone, sodium hydroxide and deionized water, the force is large, the time consumption is short, the residual impurities on the surface of a workpiece are less, the stirring friction effect is ensured, the welding line gap is small, the welding is firm, in addition, the freezing shot blasting trimming mode is adopted, the labor intensity is low, no artificial error exists, fewer burrs remain, the problem of scratching the surface of the workpiece is avoided, and the subsequent welding is ensured.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (7)
1. A heat stability process for friction stir welding of aluminum alloy comprises the following steps: step one, trimming; step two, cleaning; step three, drying; step four, welding; step five, quenching; the method is characterized in that:
in the first step, the workpiece to be welded is placed in a freezing edge trimmer, the workpiece is embrittled by utilizing low-temperature freezing of liquid nitrogen, and burrs are removed by impacting the surface of the workpiece with high-speed sprayed polymer particles to obtain an edge trimming part;
in the second step, the trimming part obtained in the first step is placed into an ultrasonic cleaning machine, a prefabricated cleaning agent is poured into the ultrasonic cleaning machine, the workpiece is immersed, and then the ultrasonic oscillation is utilized to dissolve and remove residual impurities on the surface of the trimming part into the cleaning agent to obtain a clean part;
in the third step, the clean part obtained in the second step is placed into a hot air dryer, and the residual liquid on the surface of the clean part is removed by utilizing high-speed sprayed hot air to obtain a dried part;
in the fourth step, the dried piece obtained in the third step is placed into a friction stir welding machine, the surface to be welded is spliced and then clamped, the welding head rotating at a high speed is used for generating heat through friction, the material moves forwards along the welding surface, the material is locally melted and extruded, and the material is welded together to obtain a welded piece;
and step five, placing the welding part obtained in the step four on a laser quenching machine, scanning a welding seam area by using a laser beam with high energy density, instantly heating to a quenching temperature, rapidly self-cooling the welding seam area material after the laser beam spot moves, and self-tempering by using waste heat to obtain an aluminum alloy finished product.
2. The aluminum alloy friction stir welding thermal stability process of claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the working temperature of the freezing edge trimmer is-80 ℃, and the rotating speed of the casting wheel is 60r/s.
3. The aluminum alloy friction stir welding thermal stability process of claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the working frequency of the ultrasonic cleaning machine is 11kHz, and the cleaning time is 6min.
4. The aluminum alloy friction stir welding thermal stability process of claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the cleaning agent is formed by mixing ethylene glycol, acetone, sodium hydroxide and deionized water, and the weight ratio of the ethylene glycol, the acetone, the sodium hydroxide and the deionized water is 3: 7: 15.
5. The aluminum alloy friction stir welding thermal stability process of claim 1, wherein: in the third step, the hot air temperature of the hot air dryer is 130 ℃, and the flow rate of the hot air is 65m/s.
6. The aluminum alloy friction stir welding thermal stability process of claim 1, wherein: in the fourth step, the rotating speed of a welding head of the friction stir welding machine is 200r/min, and the moving speed of the welding head is 20mm/min.
7. The aluminum alloy friction stir welding thermal stability process of claim 1, wherein: in the fifth step, the energy density of the laser beam of the laser quenching machine is 105W/cm 2 The quenching temperature is 505 ℃, and the scanning speed is 5mm/s.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210909515.8A CN115319266A (en) | 2022-07-29 | 2022-07-29 | Aluminum alloy friction stir welding thermal stability process |
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| CN202210909515.8A CN115319266A (en) | 2022-07-29 | 2022-07-29 | Aluminum alloy friction stir welding thermal stability process |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104308748A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-01-28 | 东莞市升耀机械设备有限公司 | Assembly line type freezing trimmer |
| CN109093521A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2018-12-28 | 蔡璟 | A kind of aluminium alloy wheel hub polishing process |
| CN109183044A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-01-11 | 蔡璟 | A kind of aluminium alloy cylinder cap surface treatment process |
| CN109848643A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-06-07 | 江苏理工学院 | A method of improving 7075 Aluminum Alloy Friction Stir Welding head corrosion resistances |
| CN110284084A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-27 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of high-strength abrasion-proof aluminum alloy plate plastic molding method |
| CN111136376A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-05-12 | 江苏理工学院 | Modification method for improving high-temperature creep resistance of aluminum alloy |
| CN112157342A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-01-01 | 河北宇天材料科技有限公司 | Friction stir diffusion welding process for aluminum alloy and aluminum-based composite material |
| CN215511935U (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2022-01-14 | 南京南木机电设备有限公司 | Gearless semi-automatic small freezing trimmer |
-
2022
- 2022-07-29 CN CN202210909515.8A patent/CN115319266A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104308748A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-01-28 | 东莞市升耀机械设备有限公司 | Assembly line type freezing trimmer |
| CN109093521A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2018-12-28 | 蔡璟 | A kind of aluminium alloy wheel hub polishing process |
| CN109183044A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-01-11 | 蔡璟 | A kind of aluminium alloy cylinder cap surface treatment process |
| CN109848643A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-06-07 | 江苏理工学院 | A method of improving 7075 Aluminum Alloy Friction Stir Welding head corrosion resistances |
| CN110284084A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-27 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of high-strength abrasion-proof aluminum alloy plate plastic molding method |
| CN111136376A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-05-12 | 江苏理工学院 | Modification method for improving high-temperature creep resistance of aluminum alloy |
| CN112157342A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-01-01 | 河北宇天材料科技有限公司 | Friction stir diffusion welding process for aluminum alloy and aluminum-based composite material |
| CN215511935U (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2022-01-14 | 南京南木机电设备有限公司 | Gearless semi-automatic small freezing trimmer |
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