CN115318796B - Separation method of photovoltaic module after irradiation treatment - Google Patents
Separation method of photovoltaic module after irradiation treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN115318796B CN115318796B CN202211071706.8A CN202211071706A CN115318796B CN 115318796 B CN115318796 B CN 115318796B CN 202211071706 A CN202211071706 A CN 202211071706A CN 115318796 B CN115318796 B CN 115318796B
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- photovoltaic module
- roller
- photovoltaic
- packaging material
- glass
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000008393 encapsulating agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002894 chemical waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004021 metal welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a separation method of a photovoltaic module after irradiation treatment, which comprises the following steps of disassembling a frame of the photovoltaic module after irradiation treatment, fixing one surface of the photovoltaic module with photovoltaic glass, stripping back plates and packaging materials of the photovoltaic module together, collecting battery pieces and welding strips, separating the battery pieces from the welding strips, and stripping the packaging materials of the photovoltaic module adjacent to the glass surface to obtain the photovoltaic glass. The method for separating the photovoltaic module after irradiation treatment provided by the invention has the advantages of small damage to the separated photovoltaic glass and small environmental pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic recovery, in particular to a separation method of a photovoltaic module after irradiation treatment.
Background
The yield of the solar energy components in China rapidly develops, and the domestic installed capacity steadily rises. The service life cycle of the solar energy component is about 25-30 years, and the conversion efficiency of the battery is drastically reduced after the service life is reached. The statistics shows that the photovoltaic module is going to enter an intensive period of scrapping in 2025; about 2030 will reach the peak of photovoltaic module rejection. More than 90% of the component materials in the photovoltaic component can be recycled, so that the photovoltaic component can be recycled at low cost, and great economic benefits are brought.
In the technical field of recycling waste photovoltaic modules, the related technology has the advantages that the photovoltaic modules are directly extruded, sheared and separated from glass, and then the remained particles are ground, so that the obtained broken modules have more impurities and more screening procedures, and are not suitable for industrialization; the organic packaging materials adhered to each layer of the photovoltaic module are dissolved by the chemical agent, then each layer of module is obtained, the reaction speed is low, and a large amount of chemical waste liquid is left, so that the treatment is difficult and secondary pollution is easy to cause; there are components of each layer which are separated by gasifying EVA and back sheet at high temperature by a heat treatment method, but organic waste gas is generated and energy consumption is high. The photovoltaic glass is difficult to recycle, and the recycling process is not environment-friendly.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a separation method of a photovoltaic module after irradiation treatment, which has the advantages of small damage to the separated photovoltaic glass and small environmental pollution.
According to the method for separating the photovoltaic module after the irradiation treatment, which is disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the method for separating the photovoltaic module after the irradiation treatment comprises the following steps of disassembling a frame of the photovoltaic module after the irradiation treatment, fixing one surface of the photovoltaic module with photovoltaic glass, stripping the backboard of the photovoltaic module and a packaging material together, collecting a battery piece and a welding strip, separating the battery piece from the welding strip, and stripping the packaging material of the photovoltaic module adjacent to the glass surface to obtain the photovoltaic glass.
The method for separating the photovoltaic module after the irradiation treatment has the advantages of small damage to the separated photovoltaic glass and small environmental pollution.
In some embodiments, the side of the photovoltaic module with the photovoltaic glass is adsorbed and fixed by an adsorption device.
In some embodiments, the suction device comprises a suction cup and a support, wherein the suction cup is fixed on the support, and the suction cup sucks one surface of the photovoltaic module with photovoltaic glass to fix the photovoltaic module.
In some embodiments, rollers are used to roll on the photovoltaic module backsheet to separate the backsheet and encapsulant material from the cell sheets.
In some embodiments, fixing pieces are arranged at two ends of the roller, and the fixing pieces are used for fixing the backboard and the packaging material with the roller.
In some embodiments, the negative pressure separator is used to collect the battery cells and solder strips while the back plate and the encapsulant material are separated using the rollers.
In some embodiments, a roller is used to peel the encapsulant material adjacent the glass face to separate the encapsulant material from the photovoltaic glass.
In some embodiments, the rollers collect residual battery cells and solder strips on the encapsulant material using a negative pressure separator as the encapsulant material is peeled off adjacent the glass surface.
In some embodiments, the collected battery cells and the solder strips are centrifuged to separate the battery cells from the solder strips.
In some embodiments, the moving direction of the roller is the same as the length direction of the back plate or the packaging material, and the rotating speed of the roller is adapted to the moving speed of the roller on the surface of the photovoltaic module.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method of separating a photovoltaic module after irradiation treatment in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
According to the method for separating the photovoltaic module after the irradiation treatment, as shown in fig. 1, the method for separating the photovoltaic module after the irradiation treatment comprises the following steps:
and the frame of the photovoltaic module after irradiation treatment is disassembled, so that the aluminum frame material is obtained by disassembling the frame of the photovoltaic module, and the metal resources can be recycled. The irradiation treatment irradiates the photovoltaic module through high-energy irradiation, so that the viscosity of the packaging material of the photovoltaic module is reduced, pollution caused by chemical agent destroying the packaging material and organic waste gas caused by heat treatment are avoided, and secondary pollution is avoided.
The fixed photovoltaic module is provided with one side of the photovoltaic glass, the backboard and the packaging material of the photovoltaic module are peeled off together, the side of the fixed photovoltaic module provided with the photovoltaic glass can protect the photovoltaic glass to obtain the photovoltaic glass with high integrity, and the backboard and the packaging material of the photovoltaic module are peeled off to avoid further damaging the photovoltaic glass.
The battery pieces and the solder strips are collected and separated. The collection battery piece and the welding strip can recycle and reuse the silicon in the battery piece and the metal in the welding strip.
And stripping the packaging material of the photovoltaic module adjacent to the glass surface to obtain the photovoltaic glass with higher integrity.
The method for separating the photovoltaic module after the irradiation treatment has the advantages of small damage to the separated photovoltaic glass and small environmental pollution.
In some embodiments, an adsorption device is used to adsorb and secure the side of the photovoltaic module having the photovoltaic glass.
Specifically, the adsorption device can adsorb the fixed photovoltaic glass through the vacuum and play the effect of fixed photovoltaic module, can avoid photovoltaic module removal when retrieving photovoltaic module's backplate and packaging material and thus damage photovoltaic glass.
In some embodiments, the suction device comprises a suction cup and a support, the suction cup is fixed on the support, and the suction cup sucks one side of the photovoltaic module with the photovoltaic glass to fix the photovoltaic module.
Specifically, the sucking disc is fixed on the support, and the sucking surface of the sucking disc faces upwards to suck the photovoltaic glass so that the photovoltaic glass of the photovoltaic assembly faces downwards, and the photovoltaic assembly is fixed on the support so as to be convenient for stripping the backboard and the packaging material.
In some embodiments, rollers are used to roll on the photovoltaic module backsheet to separate the backsheet and encapsulant material from the cell sheets.
Specifically, the roller rotates and moves on the photovoltaic module, and the backboard and the packaging material are rolled and wound on the surface of the roller to obtain the mixed layer of the backboard and the packaging material.
In some embodiments, fasteners are provided at both ends of the roller, the fasteners being used to secure the backing plate and the encapsulating material to the roller.
Specifically, the fixing member may be a hook, and the hook hooks one end of the back plate and the encapsulation material and fixes the back plate and the encapsulation material with the roller, so that the back plate and the encapsulation material at one end of the photovoltaic module are separated from the photovoltaic module, and the back plate and the encapsulation material are wound on the surface of the roller along with the rotation of the roller. The fixing piece enables the backboard, the packaging material and the rolling shaft to be tightly wound so as to avoid falling off. After the back plate and the packaging material are stripped, the fixing piece can be loosened to take down the back plate and the packaging material.
In some embodiments, a negative pressure separator is used to collect the battery cells and solder strips while the back plate and the encapsulant material are separated using rollers.
In particular, the negative pressure separator is adopted to absorb the fragments of the battery piece and the welding strip on the surface of the photovoltaic module along with the movement of the roller, so that the fragments of the battery piece and the welding strip are prevented from being adhered to the roller, the negative pressure separator absorbs the fragments of the battery pieces and the welding strips, so that the recovery efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved, the manual participation is reduced, and the labor cost is reduced.
In some embodiments, a roller is used to peel the encapsulant material adjacent the glass face to separate the encapsulant material from the photovoltaic glass.
Specifically, the negative pressure separator is used for stripping the packaging material adjacent to the glass surface by the roller after the cell fragments and the welding strips are collected to obtain the photovoltaic glass, and the roller is used for separating the packaging material with high efficiency, so that the integrity of the photovoltaic glass is improved, and the damage of the stripping procedure to the photovoltaic glass is reduced.
In some embodiments, a negative pressure separator is used to collect residual battery cells and solder strips on the encapsulant as the rollers strip the encapsulant adjacent the glass surface.
Specifically, when the roller peels off packaging material, the negative pressure separator collects residual battery piece fragments and welding strips on the packaging material, so that the battery pieces and the welding strips can be fully recovered, waste is avoided, and the synchronous work of the roller and the negative pressure separator can improve the recovery efficiency of the photovoltaic module.
In some embodiments, the collected battery cells and solder strips are centrifuged to separate the battery cells from the solder strips.
Specifically, the densities of the battery piece fragments and the welding strips are different, and the battery piece fragments and the welding strips are good in screening effect, environment-friendly and safe under the centrifugal effect.
In some embodiments, the direction of movement of the roller is the same as the length direction of the back sheet or encapsulant, and the rotational speed of the roller itself is compatible with the speed of movement of the roller across the surface of the photovoltaic module.
Specifically, the axial direction length of the roller is adapted to the width of the photovoltaic module, the axial direction length of the roller is slightly larger than the width of the backboard or the packaging material, the roller moves from one end of the photovoltaic module to the other end of the photovoltaic module in the length direction of the photovoltaic module, the roller rotates to enable the backboard and the packaging material to be wound on the surface of the roller, the rotating speed of the roller can be controlled by intelligent software, the rotating speed of the roller is adapted to the moving distance of the roller on the surface of the photovoltaic module, and the situation that the backboard or the packaging material cannot be completely wound on the surface of the roller to fall off due to too fast stretching damage of the rotating speed of the roller or too fast moving speed of the roller on the surface of the photovoltaic module can be avoided.
The photovoltaic module has five separations, the first separation is to separate the aluminum frame of the photovoltaic module, the second separation is to separate the backboard and the packaging material layer, the third separation is to separate the battery piece, the fourth separation is to separate the second packaging material layer, and the fifth separation is to separate the metal welding strip on the battery piece fragments. The materials recovered through five times of separation have few impurities, and the photovoltaic glass is not easy to damage and is convenient to recycle.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
For purposes of this disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "a particular example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives, and variations of the above embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The method for separating the photovoltaic module after irradiation treatment is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
disassembling the frame of the photovoltaic module after irradiation treatment;
fixing one surface of the photovoltaic module, which is provided with photovoltaic glass, peeling off the backboard and the packaging material of the photovoltaic module, rolling the backboard and the packaging material on the backboard of the photovoltaic module by adopting a roller to separate the backboard and the packaging material from the battery piece, rolling the backboard and the packaging material on the surface of the roller by adopting the roller to obtain a mixed layer of the backboard and the packaging material, separating the backboard and the packaging material by using the roller, and collecting the battery piece and the welding strip by adopting a negative pressure separator;
collecting a battery piece and a welding strip, separating the battery piece from the welding strip, and centrifugally separating the collected battery piece and the welding strip to separate the battery piece from the welding strip;
and stripping the packaging material of the photovoltaic component adjacent to the glass surface to obtain photovoltaic glass, stripping the packaging material adjacent to the glass surface by adopting a roller so as to separate the packaging material from the photovoltaic glass, and collecting residual battery pieces and welding strips on the packaging material by adopting a negative pressure separator when the packaging material adjacent to the glass surface is stripped by the roller.
2. The method for separating a photovoltaic module after irradiation treatment according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the photovoltaic module having the photovoltaic glass is adsorbed and fixed by an adsorption device.
3. The method for separating a photovoltaic module after irradiation treatment according to claim 2, wherein the suction means comprises a suction cup and a bracket, the suction cup is fixed on the bracket, and the suction cup sucks a side of the photovoltaic module having photovoltaic glass to fix the photovoltaic module.
4. The method for separating a photovoltaic module after irradiation treatment according to claim 1, wherein fixing members are provided at both ends of the roller, and the fixing members are used for fixing the back plate and the encapsulation material with the roller.
5. The method for separating a photovoltaic module after irradiation treatment according to claim 1, wherein the moving direction of the roller is the same as the length direction of the back plate or the encapsulation material, and the rotating speed of the roller is adapted to the moving speed of the roller on the surface of the photovoltaic module.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116651888A (en) * | 2023-08-01 | 2023-08-29 | 国能龙源环保有限公司 | Method for recycling waste photovoltaic modules |
| CN117427986B (en) * | 2023-09-21 | 2024-05-10 | 重庆远达烟气治理特许经营有限公司科技分公司 | Dual-glass laminate recycling device and recycling method thereof |
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