CN115315056B

CN115315056B - High-power beam cutter with measurement function

Info

Publication number: CN115315056B
Application number: CN202210995393.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杜畅通; 雷钰; 邢庆子; 范永山; 王学武
Original assignee: Tsinghua University
Current assignee: Tsinghua University
Priority date: 2022-08-18
Filing date: 2022-08-18
Publication date: 2024-05-28
Anticipated expiration: 2042-08-18
Also published as: CN115315056A

Abstract

The invention relates to a beam cutter, comprising: a beam cut-off member having a beam cut-off surface made of a beam cut-off material capable of being exposed to a beam incoming direction; a holding member that holds and contacts the beam cut-off member in a region other than the beam cut-off surface; a cooling system which is connected to the holder in a heat-conducting manner and absorbs heat transferred from the beam cut-off element to the holder when the beam cut-off element cuts off the beam; a movable connecting means that movably fixes the holder so that the beam cut-off member within the holder can be moved to a position to cut off or leave the beam; the beam cutter shell is used for accommodating the retaining piece and the beam stop piece, two sides of the beam cutter shell in the beam direction are respectively provided with a beam hole connected with the beam channel through a beam hole flange, and the beam cutter shell is connected with the vacuum pump through a vacuum chamber flange in the direction without affecting the beam and is provided with a mounting flange for mounting the movable connecting device.

Description

High-power beam cutter with measurement function

Technical Field

The invention relates to a high-power beam cutter with a measuring function, in particular to a beam current cut-off device used in the field of accelerators.

Background

Beam cutters (Beam Dump) are a type of Beam cut-off device that is widely used in the accelerator field. The beam power of the strong beam accelerated to high energy during accelerator commissioning and operation often reaches several kilowatts or even tens of kilowatts. If high-power beam bombardment is carried out on the equipment wall of the beam line terminal, radioactive pollution is caused, so that the equipment cannot be close to nearby work for a long time; more seriously, the high power beam may fuse the device with catastrophic consequences to the accelerator assembly, and thus the beam is not directed directly to the target or end test sample. The high-power accelerator is usually provided with a beam cutter specially, and the main function of the high-power accelerator is to adopt a material with lower radioactivity to cut off beam after being bombarded by the beam at a designated position (usually a beam line terminal), and obtain relevant parameters such as beam intensity, power and the like in real time. Therefore, in the stability test process, high-power beam current can be received for a long time, and the stability of the beam current is recorded.

It is therefore desirable to provide a high power beam stop device with a flow intensity measurement function that supports online measurements. Meanwhile, it is desirable that the beam cutter can be simply arranged and removed, and when not in use, the vacuum chamber in which the beam cutter is located can be reused as the vacuum chamber, thereby reducing the overall design size of the device.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a beam cutter for cutting off energy beam in a beam passage, the beam cutter comprising: a beam cut-off member having a beam cut-off surface made of a beam cut-off material capable of being exposed to a beam incoming direction; a holding member that holds and contacts the beam cut-off member in a region other than the beam cut-off surface; a cooling system in heat transfer connection with the holder for absorbing heat transferred from the beam stop to the holder when the beam stop stops the beam; a movable connecting means for movably fixing the holder so that the beam cut-off member within the holder can be moved to a position to cut off or leave the beam; the beam cutter shell is used for accommodating the retaining piece and the beam stop piece, wherein two sides of the beam cutter shell in the beam direction are respectively provided with a beam hole which is connected with the beam channel through a beam hole flange, and the beam cutter shell is connected with the vacuum pump through a vacuum chamber flange in the direction which does not affect the beam and is provided with a mounting flange for mounting the movable connecting device.

Thereby, the beam cutter can be mounted in a vacuum chamber communicating with the vacuum pump through the mounting flange, and can be moved to or away from a position of cutting off the beam by the movable connection means. This has the advantage that the vacuum environment of the space in which the beam stop is located is not destroyed when the beam stop is removed from the beam direction.

The cooling system provides the necessary temperature regulation capability for the holder. When the beam cutter works, the beam is deposited on the beam cut-off surface of the beam cut-off member, so that the temperature of the material of the beam cut-off member is increased, and even the phase change is caused. The cooling system absorbs heat brought by the retaining member from the beam cut-off member in a conduction mode and discharges the heat out of the beam cut-off member shell, so that the aim of cooling the beam cut-off material is fulfilled.

The beam stop material is preferably graphite. The holder is made of a material which conducts heat well, preferably copper. Graphite itself has low induced radioactivity and graphite and copper have good heat transfer properties. Heat can be quickly conducted by copper to the cooling medium circulating in the cooling system for heat exchange therewith.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the cooling system comprises several cooling chambers of the holder on the side facing away from the beam stop material. The cooling chambers form a circulation loop with a cooling medium source outside the beam cutter housing through a plurality of telescopic pipes penetrating through the mounting flange. The telescopic tube ensures that a cooling circuit can be established and maintained always between the cooling chamber on the back side of the holder and the cooling medium source outside the mounting flange, independently of the position change of the holder, when the movable connection means moves the holder.

The cooling medium in the cooling system may be a gas or a liquid, for example water. The waterway fully circulates in the copper cavity, and cooling of graphite is realized through heat conduction. Thus, the specific number and shape of the cooling chambers are not specifically limited herein.

The movable connecting device can enable the beam cut-off piece to reach the position for cutting off the beam in different movement modes, and the beam cut-off piece can be transversely inserted into and separated from the area where the beam is located in a translational mode, and can be screwed into and separated from the area where the beam is located in a rotary mode. It will be appreciated that the translation, rotation or a combination thereof is a possible way of movement if sufficient interior space is provided for the beam cutter housing. For the present invention, it is critical that the movable connection means can provide two positions for the holder and the beam stop held thereby, with the beam being stopped when moved to one of the positions and the beam passing being unaffected when moved to the other position.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the movable connection device comprises several threaded rods, which connect the holder and the mounting flange, respectively, and which enable the depth of insertion into the beam cutter housing to be adjusted outside the mounting flange. Thus, the position of the holding member and the beam cut-off member held thereby can be safely adjusted outside the apparatus to determine cut-off and on of the beam.

The beam stop may be of any shape, for example any plane or curved surface transverse to the beam direction. However, it is preferable to design the beam cut-off member in a cylindrical shape, particularly a cone-shaped one, with its opening facing the beam direction so as to contact the beam over a larger area to reduce the beam density.

Accordingly, the holder is also preferably cylindrical, so that the beam stop is attached to the side facing away from the beam, in order to conduct heat. Preferably, the beam cutter further comprises a pressing plate, and the pressing plate is located on the side, close to the beam incoming direction, of the beam stop piece and used for pressing and fixing the beam stop piece together with the retaining piece. It should be appreciated that if the pressure plate is made of a holder material different from the beam stop material, it should be arranged outside the radial extent of the beam, but when the pressure plate is made of the beam stop material, it is also possible that the pressure plate is arranged even within the radial extent of the beam.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the beam cutter further has a measuring lead, which is connected at one end to the beam stop and at the other end to an insulated terminal on the housing of the beam cutter, which terminal extends through the mounting flange, as a result of which a transmission of the measuring signal is achieved.

Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application. Other advantages of the application may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.

Drawings

Embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings:

Fig. 1 schematically shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a beam cutter according to the invention.

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate and together with the description serve to explain the application, and not to limit the application. In the drawings, the same technical features are denoted by the same reference numerals.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 schematically shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a beam cutter 10 according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the beam cutter 10 according to the present invention is installed in a conventional small vacuum diagnosis room, and a vacuum pump is installed through a vacuum room flange 152 at a design interface under the vacuum diagnosis room of the beam line, thereby realizing a vacuum environment of the vacuum room.

In the beam cutter 10 shown in fig. 1, the beam stop 110 has a tapered cylindrical shape and is made of a graphite material. The holder 120 is made of copper, has a similar conical cylindrical shape, and is fitted with a copper cavity water jacket 121 on the side of the beam stop facing away from the beam direction of the energy beam 20. The side of the holder 120 facing away from the beam stop 110 forms a cooling chamber of the cooling system 130. Meanwhile, a pressing plate 111 is provided at an end face of the beam cut-off member 110 facing the beam direction for pressing and holding the beam cut-off member together with the holder. The beam cutter 10 is connected to a beam passage, not shown, on both sides in the drawing by beam hole flanges 151.

The beam cut-off member is connected to a measurement lead, and the other end of the measurement lead 160 is connected to an insulating terminal 161 penetrating the mounting flange 153 on the beam cutter housing 150, so that on-line continuous detection of the beam received by the beam cut-off material of the beam cutter 10 can be realized. The insulating terminal 161 is welded to the mounting flange 153 to realize vacuum sealing, and simultaneously, insulation of the insulating terminal 161 and the beam cutter vacuum chamber is realized, thereby realizing insulation of the beam stop member and the beam cutter vacuum chamber.

The water inlet and outlet pipe 132 and the movable connection means 140, which in this embodiment comprise threaded rods, are likewise connected in an insulating manner to the mounting flange 153, in order to achieve an electrical insulation of the measuring location from the ground. Only the waterway insulating block 133 is shown in fig. 1. The structure and the insulation of the movable connection means 140, if necessary, through the location of the mounting flange are not shown in detail here.

The cooling chamber communicates via a bellows 131 with a water inlet and outlet pipe 132 extending through a mounting flange 153, and further communicates with an external source of cooling medium (not shown) to form a circulation loop, constantly carrying away heat conducted by the beam stop 110 to the holder 120. The telescopic tube design ensures that the waterway remains in communication all the time when the movable connection means moves the beam stop 110. The cooling medium is here water, but other gas or liquid choices are not excluded.

While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: numerous variations, changes, substitutions, variations and combinations of the embodiments are possible without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

List of reference numerals

10 Beam cutter

20 Energy beam

110 Beam stop

111 Press plate

120 Retainer

121 Copper cavity water jacket

130 Cooling system

131 Telescopic pipe

132 Water inlet and outlet pipe

133 Waterway insulating block

140 Movable connecting device

150 Beam cutter shell

151 Beam hole flange

152 Vacuum chamber flange

153 Mounting flange

160 Measuring lead

161 Insulated terminal

Claims

1. A beam cutter for cutting off an energy beam in a beam path, the beam cutter comprising:

a beam cut-off member having a beam cut-off surface made of a beam cut-off material capable of being exposed to a beam incoming direction;

a holding member that holds and contacts the beam cut-off member in a region other than the beam cut-off surface;

A cooling system in heat transfer connection with the holder for absorbing heat transferred from the beam stop to the holder when the beam stop stops the beam;

A movable connecting means for movably fixing the holder so that the beam cut-off member within the holder can be moved to a position to cut off or leave the beam;

a beam cutter housing accommodating the holder and the beam stop, wherein both sides of the beam cutter housing in a beam direction each have a beam hole connected to a beam passage through a beam hole flange, respectively, are connected to a vacuum pump through a vacuum chamber flange in a direction not affecting the beam, and have a mounting flange for mounting the movable connection device,

Wherein the beam cutter is also provided with a measuring lead, one end of the measuring lead is connected with the beam current stopping piece, the other end of the measuring lead is connected with an insulating terminal penetrating through the mounting flange on the beam cutter shell,

The cooling system comprises a plurality of cooling cavities formed on the side of the retainer opposite to the beam cutoff piece, and the cooling cavities penetrate through the mounting flange through a plurality of telescopic pipes to form a circulation loop with a cooling medium source outside the beam cutter shell.

2. The beam cutter of claim 1, wherein the source of cooling medium is a gas or a liquid.

3. The beam cutter of claim 1, wherein the movable connection means is adapted to laterally insert and remove the beam stop in a translational manner from the region of the beam.

4. The beam cutter according to claim 1, wherein the movable connection means is adapted to rotate the beam stop into and out of the region of the beam.

5. A beam cutter according to claim 3, wherein the movable connection means comprises a number of screws which connect the holder and the mounting flange respectively and enable the depth of insertion into the beam cutter housing to be adjusted outside the mounting flange.

6. The beam cutter according to claim 1, wherein the beam cut-off member has a cylindrical shape opening toward a beam direction.

7. The beam cutter according to claim 6, wherein the beam cut-off member has a tapered cylindrical shape opening toward the beam direction.

8. The beam cutter of claim 1, wherein the beam stop is planar or curved transverse to the beam direction.

9. The beam cutter according to claim 6, wherein the holder has a cylindrical shape opening in a beam direction, and surrounds the beam stop in a region other than the beam stop surface.

10. The beam cutter according to claim 1, further comprising a pressing plate located on a side of the beam stop member close to a beam incoming direction for pressing and fixing the beam stop member together with the holder.

11. The beam cutter of claim 1, wherein the beam stop is made of graphite.

12. The beam cutter of claim 1, wherein the retainer is made of copper.