CN115313118A - Ultrahigh-current graphitizing furnace multilayer conductive equipment and control method thereof - Google Patents
Ultrahigh-current graphitizing furnace multilayer conductive equipment and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115313118A CN115313118A CN202210901044.6A CN202210901044A CN115313118A CN 115313118 A CN115313118 A CN 115313118A CN 202210901044 A CN202210901044 A CN 202210901044A CN 115313118 A CN115313118 A CN 115313118A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/64—Devices for uninterrupted current collection
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- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R25/00—Coupling parts adapted for simultaneous co-operation with two or more identical counterparts, e.g. for distributing energy to two or more circuits
- H01R25/14—Rails or bus-bars constructed so that the counterparts can be connected thereto at any point along their length
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of graphitization furnaces, in particular to a multi-layer conductive device of an ultrahigh-current graphitization furnace and a control method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: the conductive vehicle is provided with a bracket; a bus bar; aluminum row; the outer sides of two ends of the first clamping structure are provided with copper plates; the outer sides of two ends of the second clamping structure are provided with copper plates; the conductive structure comprises two graphite electrodes which are arranged in parallel; the conductive equipment is used for controlling the copper plate, the bus and the graphite electrode to be completely compacted, and transmitting the current of the bus into the graphitization furnace through the aluminum row so as to enable the product in the graphitization furnace to generate high temperature and perform graphitization treatment. The invention can reduce the heat output, reduce the power consumption, has the characteristics of high heat efficiency, short power transmission time and the like, and can greatly improve the production efficiency through the multilayer conductive equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of graphitization furnaces, in particular to a multi-layer conductive device of an ultrahigh-current graphitization furnace and a control method thereof.
Background
The graphitization furnace is a direct-heating, intermittent-operation resistance furnace designed based on the principle of joule's law. For the Acheson type graphitizing furnace, a product filled in the furnace and a small amount of resistance material form a furnace core, and the product is a heating resistor and a heated object. For the internal serial furnace, the product loaded in the furnace is the furnace core, and the heating resistor is composed of the product itself. The product is graphitized by self-heating. The inner series type graphitizing furnace is an inner heating type series graphitizing furnace, invented by American people Kaste sodium, and is divided into a horizontal inner series and a three-dimensional inner series. The main difference between the internal series graphitization process and the Acheson graphitization process is that the product is heated and directly passes through the electrode without the need for the resistance material to generate heat. The main characteristic of the inner series type graphitization process is that the inner series type graphitization process is improved compared with the Acheson graphitization process. Because the inner series type graphitization process does not contain filling materials, the heat carrying-out can be reduced by 10 percent, and the power consumption is reduced by 20 to 35 percent. The internal-series graphitizing furnace has the characteristics of high thermal efficiency, short power transmission time and the like, and only needs 1-2 hours at a high-temperature stage. The resistance is uniform when the product is directly heated, and the yield of the product is high. Since the 80 s of the 20 th century, carbon plants in germany, the united states of america, japan, and other countries have mostly adopted an internal series graphitization process for producing large-sized ultrahigh power graphite electrodes. The furnace types of the inner series type graphitizing furnace can be divided into I-shaped U-shaped W-shaped and quincunx-shaped, wherein the number of the U-shaped furnaces is more, and the furnaces have single columns, multiple columns, double-folding, four-folding or even multiple-folding.
However, in the prior art, the conventional graphitization process needs to use a filler, which increases heat extraction, generates high power consumption, and only can conduct single-layer conduction, so that the production efficiency is greatly reduced. Therefore, how to provide a multi-layer conductive device of an ultrahigh current graphitizing furnace is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently by a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-layer conductive device of an ultrahigh current graphitizing furnace and a control method thereof, wherein a copper plate, a bus and a graphite electrode are controlled to be completely compacted, and the current of the bus is conveyed into the graphitizing furnace through an aluminum row, so that a product in the graphitizing furnace generates high temperature and is graphitized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an ultra-high current graphitization furnace multilayer conductive apparatus comprising:
the conductive vehicle is provided with a support;
a bus bar;
aluminum bars;
the outer sides of two ends of the first clamping structure are provided with copper plates;
the outer sides of two ends of the second clamping structure are provided with copper plates;
a conductive structure comprising two parallel arranged graphite electrodes;
the conductive equipment is used for controlling the copper plate, the bus and the graphite electrode to be completely compacted, and transmitting the current of the bus into the graphitization furnace through the aluminum row so as to enable the product in the graphitization furnace to generate high temperature and perform graphitization treatment.
In some embodiments of the present application, further comprising:
the battery box is arranged at the bottom of the supporting structure;
the bottom of the conductive vehicle is provided with a travelling wheel;
an insulating structure is arranged between the supporting structure and the travelling wheels.
In some embodiments of the present application, the upper end of the first clamping structure is further provided with two pulleys, and the pulleys are arranged in the bracket.
In some embodiments of the present application, the contact area of the copper plate and the contact surface of the graphite electrode are equal;
the contact area of the copper plate and the contact surface of the aluminum row are equal.
In some embodiments of the present application, the insulating structure is an insulating plate.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a method for controlling an ultrahigh-current graphitization furnace, which is applied to a multi-layer conductive device of the ultrahigh-current graphitization furnace, and comprises:
step S1: after the conductive vehicle is in place, controlling the copper plates on the two sides of the conductive vehicle, the aluminum bus and the graphite electrode to be completely compacted, and starting power transmission;
step S2: and when the conductive vehicle finishes the power transmission task of one furnace, the conductive vehicle moves to the next furnace to continue working.
In some embodiments of the present application, the step S1 further includes: detecting the number M0 of products in the graphitization furnace in real time through a detection unit, determining power P0, and controlling the heating speed of the graphitization furnace through a control unit according to the number M0 of the products and the power P0, wherein the heating speed is determined according to a formula gamma = P/mc, wherein gamma is the heating speed, P is the power, M is the number of the products, and c is the specific heat of the products;
setting a heating speed matrix T0 during preset heating and a number matrix A of preset products in the control unit, and setting A (A1, A2, A3, A4) for the number matrix A of the preset products, wherein A1 is the number of first preset products, A2 is the number of second preset products, A3 is the number of third preset products, A4 is the number of fourth preset products, and A1 is more than A2 and more than A3 and more than A4; setting T0 (T01, T02, T03, T04) for the heating speed matrix T0 during the preset heating, wherein T01 is the heating speed during the first preset heating, T01 is the heating speed during the second preset heating, T01 is the heating speed during the third preset heating, T01 is the heating speed during the fourth preset heating, and T01 is more than T02 and less than T03 and less than T04;
the control unit is used for selecting a corresponding heating speed as the heating speed of the graphitization furnace according to the relation between the M0 and the number matrix A of the preset products;
when M0 is less than A1, selecting the heating speed T01 in the first preset heating as the heating speed of the graphitization furnace;
when the A1 is more than or equal to M0 and less than A2, selecting the heating speed T02 during the second preset heating as the heating speed of the graphitization furnace;
when A2 is more than or equal to M0 and less than A3, selecting the heating speed T03 in the third preset heating as the heating speed of the graphitization furnace;
and when A3 is larger than or equal to M0 and smaller than A4, selecting the heating speed T04 in the fourth preset heating as the heating speed of the graphitization furnace.
In some embodiments of the present application, the number of the articles M0 in the graphitization furnace is detected in real time by the detection unit, and the ambient environment is detected at t 0 The temperature difference W0 at the moment, the heat loss coefficient k in the heating process is calculated in real time through a control unit according to the temperature difference W0, and the heating time of the graphitization furnace is determined according to the heat loss coefficient k in the heating process;
a preset heat loss coefficient matrix K and a preset heating time matrix B of the graphitization furnace are also set in the control unit, and B (B1, B2, B3, B4) is set for the heating time matrix B of the graphitization furnace, wherein B1 is the heating time of a first preset graphitization furnace, B2 is the heating time of a second preset graphitization furnace, B3 is the heating time of a third preset graphitization furnace, B4 is the heating time of a fourth preset graphitization furnace, and B1 is more than B2 and less than B3 and less than B4; setting K (K1, K2, K3 and K4) for the preset heat loss coefficient matrix K, wherein K1 is a first preset heat loss coefficient, K2 is a second preset heat loss coefficient, K3 is a third preset heat loss coefficient, K4 is a fourth preset heat loss coefficient, and K1 is more than K2 and more than K3 and more than K4;
the control unit is further used for selecting corresponding heating time as the heating time of the graphitization furnace according to the relation between the K and the preset heat loss coefficient matrix K;
when K is less than K1, selecting the heating time B1 of the first preset graphitization furnace as the heating time of the graphitization furnace;
when K is more than or equal to K1 and less than K2, selecting the heating time B2 of the second preset graphitization furnace as the heating time of the graphitization furnace;
when K2 is more than or equal to K and less than K3, selecting the heating time B3 of the third preset graphitization furnace as the heating time of the graphitization furnace;
and when K is more than or equal to K3 and less than K4, selecting the heating time B4 of the fourth preset graphitization furnace as the heating time of the graphitization furnace.
In some embodiments of the present application, the detecting unit is further configured to detect t at a preset time range in real time x Variation of temperature difference at timeChanging the value delta W, and correcting the heating time of the preset graphitization furnace through the control unit according to the change value delta W of the temperature difference;
a change value matrix R of a preset temperature difference and a correction coefficient matrix L of the heating time of a preset graphitizing furnace are also set in the control unit, and L (L1, L2, L3, L4) is set for the correction coefficient matrix L of the heating time of the preset graphitizing furnace, wherein L1 is the correction coefficient of the heating time of a first preset graphitizing furnace, L2 is the correction coefficient of the heating time of a second preset graphitizing furnace, L3 is the correction coefficient of the heating time of a third preset graphitizing furnace, L4 is the correction coefficient of the heating time of a fourth preset graphitizing furnace, and L1 & lt, L2 & lt, L3 & lt, L4; setting R (R1, R2, R3, R4) for the change value matrix R of the preset temperature difference, wherein R1 is the change value of a first preset temperature difference, R2 is the change value of a second preset temperature difference, R3 is the change value of a third preset temperature difference, R4 is the change value of a fourth preset temperature difference, and R1 is more than R2 and less than R3 and less than R4;
the control unit is further used for selecting a correction coefficient corresponding to the heating time according to the relation between the delta W and the change value matrix R of the preset temperature difference so as to correct the heating time of the preset graphitization furnace;
when the delta W is smaller than the R1, selecting a correction coefficient L1 of the heating time of the first preset graphitization furnace to correct the heating time B1 of the first preset graphitization furnace, wherein the corrected heating time is L1 x B1;
when R1 is not more than delta W and less than R2, selecting a correction coefficient L2 of the heating time of the second preset graphitization furnace to correct the heating time B2 of the second preset graphitization furnace, wherein the corrected heating time is L2 x B2;
when R2 is not more than Δ W and less than R3, selecting a correction coefficient L3 of the heating time of the third preset graphitization furnace to correct the heating time B3 of the third preset graphitization furnace, wherein the corrected heating time is L3 × B3;
and when R3 is not more than delta W and less than R4, selecting a correction coefficient L4 of the heating time of the fourth preset graphitization furnace to correct the heating time B4 of the fourth preset graphitization furnace, wherein the corrected heating time is L4 x B4.
In some embodiments of the present application, the thickness S0 of the heat insulating material layer in the graphitization furnace is detected in real time by a detection unit, and a correction coefficient k of a heat loss coefficient k during heating is calculated by a control unit according to the thickness S0 of the heat insulating material layer i A correction coefficient k based on said heat loss coefficient k i Correcting the heating time of the preset graphitizing furnace;
setting a thickness matrix Z of a preset heat insulation material layer and a correction coefficient matrix J of a preset heat loss coefficient in the control unit, and setting J (J1, J2, J3 and J4) for the correction coefficient matrix J of the preset heat loss coefficient, wherein J1 is a correction coefficient of a first preset heat loss coefficient, J2 is a correction coefficient of a second preset heat loss coefficient, J3 is a correction coefficient of a third preset heat loss coefficient, J4 is a correction coefficient of a fourth preset heat loss coefficient, and J1 & ltJ 2 & ltJ 3 & ltJ 4; setting Z (Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4) for the thickness matrix Z of the preset thermal insulation material layer, wherein Z1 is the thickness of a first preset thermal insulation material layer, Z2 is the thickness of a second preset thermal insulation material layer, Z3 is the thickness of a third preset thermal insulation material layer, Z4 is the thickness of a fourth preset thermal insulation material layer, and Z1 is more than Z2 and less than Z3 and less than Z4;
the control unit is also used for selecting a correction coefficient of a corresponding heat loss coefficient according to the relation between the S0 and the thickness matrix Z of the preset heat insulation material layer so as to correct a heat loss coefficient k in the heating process;
when S0 is less than Z1, selecting a correction coefficient J1 of the first preset heat loss coefficient to correct the first preset heat loss coefficient K1, wherein the corrected heat loss coefficient is J1X K1, and the heating time is B1X J1X K1;
when Z1 is not less than S0 and is less than Z2, selecting a correction coefficient J2 of the second preset heat loss coefficient to correct the second preset heat loss coefficient K2, wherein the corrected heat loss coefficient is J2X K2, and the heating time is B2X J2X K2;
when Z2 is not less than S0 and less than Z3, selecting a correction coefficient J3 of the third preset heat loss coefficient to correct the third preset heat loss coefficient K3, wherein the corrected heat loss coefficient is J3X K3, and the heating time is B3X J3X K3;
and when Z3 is not less than S0 and less than Z4, selecting a correction coefficient J4 of the fourth preset heat loss coefficient to correct the fourth preset heat loss coefficient K4, wherein the corrected heat loss coefficient is J4X K4, and the heating time is B4X J4X K4.
The invention provides a multi-layer conductive device of an ultrahigh current graphitizing furnace and a control method thereof, compared with the prior art, the multi-layer conductive device has the beneficial effects that:
the multilayer conductive equipment of the ultrahigh-current graphitizing furnace provided by the invention has the advantages that the copper plate, the bus and the graphite electrode are controlled to be completely compacted, and the current of the bus is conveyed into the graphitizing furnace through the aluminum bar, so that the product in the graphitizing furnace generates high temperature and is graphitized, the heat carrying-out can be reduced, the power consumption is reduced, the thermal efficiency is high, the power transmission time is short, and the like. In addition, the control method of the ultrahigh current graphitization furnace provided by the invention prevents the formation of longitudinal cracks due to the change of internal stress of the electrode exceeding the limit stress of expansion of the product itself caused by too fast heating by determining the heating speed based on the number of products in the graphitization furnace.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural view of a multi-layer conductive apparatus of an ultra-high current graphitization furnace of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for controlling the ultrahigh-current graphitization furnace according to the present invention.
In the figure: 101. a graphite electrode; 102. a copper plate; 103. aluminum bars; 104. a battery box; 105. a first clamping structure; 106. a second clamping structure; 107. a pulley; 108. a support; 109. a traveling wheel; 110. an insulating plate; 201. and a bus bar.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate member, or they may be connected to each other through an intermediate member. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the prior art, as the traditional graphitization process needs to use the filler, the heat is increased, high power consumption is generated, only single-layer conduction can be carried out, and the production efficiency is greatly reduced.
Therefore, the invention provides a multi-layer conductive device of an ultrahigh current graphitizing furnace and a control method thereof, wherein the copper plate, the bus and the graphite electrode are controlled to be completely compacted, and the current of the bus is transmitted into the graphitizing furnace through the aluminum row, so that the product in the graphitizing furnace generates high temperature and is graphitized.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides an ultra-high current graphitizing furnace multi-layer conductive device comprising:
the conductive vehicle is provided with a bracket;
a bus bar;
aluminum bars;
the outer sides of two ends of the first clamping structure are provided with copper plates;
the outer sides of two ends of the second clamping structure are provided with copper plates;
the conductive structure comprises two graphite electrodes which are arranged in parallel;
the conductive equipment is used for controlling the copper plate, the bus and the graphite electrode to be completely compacted, and transmitting the current of the bus into the graphitization furnace through the aluminum row so as to enable the product in the graphitization furnace to generate high temperature and perform graphitization treatment.
In some embodiments of the present application, further comprising:
the bottom of the supporting structure is provided with a storage battery box;
the bottom of the conductive vehicle is provided with a travelling wheel;
an insulating structure is arranged between the supporting structure and the travelling wheels.
In some embodiments of the present application, the upper end of the first clamping structure is further provided with two pulleys, and the pulleys are arranged in the bracket.
In some embodiments of the present application, the contact area of the copper plate and the contact surface of the graphite electrode are equal;
the contact area of the copper plate and the contact surface of the aluminum row are equal.
In some embodiments of the present application, the insulating structure is an insulating plate.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a method for controlling an ultrahigh current graphitization furnace, which is applied to a multi-layer conductive device of the ultrahigh current graphitization furnace, including:
step S1: after the conductive vehicle is in place, controlling the copper plates on the two sides of the conductive vehicle, the aluminum bus and the graphite electrode to be completely compacted, and starting power transmission;
step S2: when the electric conduction vehicle finishes the power transmission task of one furnace, the electric conduction vehicle moves to the next furnace to continue working.
In some embodiments of the present application, step S1 further includes: detecting the number M0 of products in the graphitization furnace in real time through a detection unit and determining power P0, and controlling the heating speed of the graphitization furnace through a control unit according to the number M0 of the products and the power P0, wherein the heating speed is determined according to a formula gamma = P/mc, in the formula, gamma is the heating speed, P is the power, M is the number of the products, and c is the specific heat of the products;
setting a heating speed matrix T0 during preset heating and a number matrix A of preset products in a control unit, and setting A (A1, A2, A3, A4) for the number matrix A of the preset products, wherein A1 is the number of first preset products, A2 is the number of second preset products, A3 is the number of third preset products, A4 is the number of fourth preset products, and A1 is more than A2 and more than A3 and more than A4; setting T0 (T01, T02, T03, T04) for a heating speed matrix T0 during preset heating, wherein T01 is the heating speed during first preset heating, T01 is the heating speed during second preset heating, T01 is the heating speed during third preset heating, T01 is the heating speed during fourth preset heating, and T01 is more than T02 and less than T03 and less than T04;
the control unit is used for selecting a corresponding heating speed as the heating speed of the graphitization furnace according to the relation between the M0 and the quantity matrix A of the preset products;
when M0 is less than A1, selecting a heating speed T01 in the first preset heating as the heating speed of the graphitization furnace;
when the A1 is more than or equal to M0 and less than A2, selecting the heating speed T02 during the second preset heating as the heating speed of the graphitization furnace;
when A2 is more than or equal to M0 and less than A3, selecting a heating speed T03 in the third preset heating as the heating speed of the graphitization furnace;
and when A3 is more than or equal to M0 and less than A4, selecting the heating speed T04 in the fourth preset heating as the heating speed of the graphitization furnace.
It will be appreciated that the advantageous effect is that the heating rate can be determined on the basis of the number of articles to heat them to the required graphitization temperature in a relatively short time, that the power P0 is determined by means of an automatic control by means of a rectifying means, that the adjustment of the rectifying process comprises controlling a rating computer, whereby the power-time curve required for the graphitization furnace can be determined,
a microprocessor is programmed with predetermined nominal values. The actual temperature in the furnace is the true value. The temperature is measured by a measuring system, wherein a Ni-CrNi thermocouple is used at the temperature of 0-700 ℃, and an optical pyrometer is used at the temperature of 600-3000 ℃. The error of the two measurement systems is 1.5% under the ideal condition of the final values of 600 ℃ and 3000 ℃, the error is taken as rated value power, the power value given by a computer is compared with the temperature value obtained by measuring the temperature, the power transmission power is adjusted, the specific heat c of the product is obtained by table lookup, for example, the specific heat of carbon is 502J/Kg k, the specific heat is different by table lookup according to the product selected in the specific work engineering, and the specific heat is not limited specifically here.
In some embodiments of the present application, the number of the articles M0 in the graphitization furnace is detected in real time by the detection unit, and the ambient environment is detected at t 0 The temperature difference W0 at the moment, the heat loss coefficient k in the heating process is calculated in real time through the control unit according to the temperature difference W0, and the heating time of the graphitization furnace is determined according to the heat loss coefficient k in the heating process;
a preset heat loss coefficient matrix K and a preset heating time matrix B of the graphitizing furnace are also set in the control unit, and B (B1, B2, B3, B4) is set for the preset heating time matrix B of the graphitizing furnace, wherein B1 is the heating time of a first preset graphitizing furnace, B2 is the heating time of a second preset graphitizing furnace, B3 is the heating time of a third preset graphitizing furnace, B4 is the heating time of a fourth preset graphitizing furnace, and B1 is more than B2 and more than B3 and more than B4; setting K (K1, K2, K3 and K4) for the preset heat loss coefficient matrix K, wherein K1 is a first preset heat loss coefficient, K2 is a second preset heat loss coefficient, K3 is a third preset heat loss coefficient, K4 is a fourth preset heat loss coefficient, and K1 is more than K2 and more than K3 and less than K4;
the control unit is also used for selecting corresponding heating time as the heating time of the graphitization furnace according to the relation between the K and the preset heat loss coefficient matrix K;
when K is less than K1, selecting the heating time B1 of the first preset graphitization furnace as the heating time of the graphitization furnace;
when K1 is more than or equal to K and less than K2, selecting the heating time B2 of a second preset graphitization furnace as the heating time of the graphitization furnace;
when K2 is more than or equal to K and less than K3, selecting the heating time B3 of a third preset graphitization furnace as the heating time of the graphitization furnace;
and when the K3 is more than or equal to K and less than K4, selecting the heating time B4 of the fourth preset graphitization furnace as the heating time of the graphitization furnace.
It will be appreciated that according to the Stefan-Boltzmann law, the heat losses increase with increasing temperature and the heating rate decreases, so that, at a given power and voltage, each material has a limit temperature, considering the thermal insulation to the surrounding environment, which the busbar can reach after an infinite time, so that the energy supplied to the product is fully used to compensate for the losses, and therefore adjusting the heating time on the basis of the calculated heat losses can improve the quality of the final product produced.
In some embodiments of the present application, the detection unit is further configured to detect t at a preset time range in real time x Correcting the preset heating time of the graphitization furnace through the control unit according to the change value delta W of the temperature difference at the moment;
a change value matrix R of the preset temperature difference and a correction coefficient matrix L of the heating time of the preset graphitization furnace are also set in the control unit, and L (L1, L2, L3, L4) is set for the correction coefficient matrix L of the heating time of the preset graphitization furnace, wherein L1 is the correction coefficient of the heating time of the first preset graphitization furnace, L2 is the correction coefficient of the heating time of the second preset graphitization furnace, L3 is the correction coefficient of the heating time of the third preset graphitization furnace, L4 is the correction coefficient of the heating time of the fourth preset graphitization furnace, and L1 & lt, L2 & lt, L3 & lt, L4; setting R (R1, R2, R3, R4) for a change value matrix R of the preset temperature difference, wherein R1 is a change value of a first preset temperature difference, R2 is a change value of a second preset temperature difference, R3 is a change value of a third preset temperature difference, R4 is a change value of a fourth preset temperature difference, and R1 is more than R2 and more than R3 and more than R4;
the control unit is also used for selecting a correction coefficient of corresponding heating time according to the relation between the delta W and the change value matrix R of the preset temperature difference so as to correct the heating time of the preset graphitization furnace;
when the delta W is smaller than the R1, selecting a correction coefficient L1 of the heating time of the first preset graphitization furnace to correct the heating time B1 of the first preset graphitization furnace, wherein the corrected heating time is L1 x B1;
when R1 is not more than delta W and less than R2, selecting a correction coefficient L2 of the heating time of the second preset graphitization furnace to correct the heating time B2 of the second preset graphitization furnace, wherein the corrected heating time is L2 x B2;
when R2 is not more than delta W and less than R3, selecting a correction coefficient L3 of the heating time of the third preset graphitization furnace to correct the heating time B3 of the third preset graphitization furnace, wherein the corrected heating time is L3 x B3;
and when R3 is not more than delta W and less than R4, selecting a correction coefficient L4 of the heating time of the fourth preset graphitization furnace to correct the heating time B4 of the fourth preset graphitization furnace, wherein the corrected heating time is L4 x B4.
It will be appreciated that the production of graphitization furnaces is based on the principle of joule effect operation, which, if an electric current is passed through the product, generates an irreversible thermal process, i.e. joule heating, which generates heat that raises the temperature of the conductor. The graphitization process needs to be carried out at a temperature of more than 2600 ℃ to 3000 ℃. Because the resistance of the graphitizing furnace circuit is obviously increased due to the high-current bus, the high-current switch and a large number of contact resistors in the equipment and the conductor resistance of the lead, the internal temperature of the graphitizing furnace circuit is not constant, but is in a changing state all the time, namely, the temperature difference between the internal temperature and the initial working time is generated along with the increase of the working time, and the coefficient of heat loss can be calculated according to a formula Q = (heat conductivity coefficient = (heat preservation area) × (temperature difference) × (heat preservation time/heat preservation thickness)) = (860), wherein the temperature difference is an important factor mainly influencing the coefficient of heat loss, so that the quality of a prepared final product can be improved by correcting the heating time in the heating furnace according to the change of the temperature difference in a preset moment.
In some embodiments of the present application, the thickness S0 of the heat insulating material layer in the graphitization furnace is detected in real time by the detection unit, and is calculated by the control unit according to the thickness S0 of the heat insulating material layerCorrection coefficient k of heat loss coefficient k in heating process i Correction coefficient k based on heat loss coefficient k i Correcting the preset heating time of the graphitization furnace;
setting a thickness matrix Z of the preset heat insulation material layer and a correction coefficient matrix J of a preset heat loss coefficient in the control unit, and setting J (J1, J2, J3, J4) for the correction coefficient matrix J of the preset heat loss coefficient, wherein J1 is a correction coefficient of a first preset heat loss coefficient, J2 is a correction coefficient of a second preset heat loss coefficient, J3 is a correction coefficient of a third preset heat loss coefficient, J4 is a correction coefficient of a fourth preset heat loss coefficient, and J1 & ltJ 2 & ltJ 3 & ltJ 4; setting Z (Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4) for a thickness matrix Z of the preset thermal insulation material layer, wherein Z1 is the thickness of a first preset thermal insulation material layer, Z2 is the thickness of a second preset thermal insulation material layer, Z3 is the thickness of a third preset thermal insulation material layer, Z4 is the thickness of a fourth preset thermal insulation material layer, and Z1 is more than Z2 and less than Z3 and less than Z4;
the control unit is also used for selecting a correction coefficient of a corresponding heat loss coefficient according to the relation between the S0 and the thickness matrix Z of the preset heat insulation material layer so as to correct a heat loss coefficient k in the heating process;
when S0 is smaller than Z1, selecting a correction coefficient J1 of a first preset heat loss coefficient to correct the first preset heat loss coefficient K1, wherein the corrected heat loss coefficient is J1X K1, and the heating time is B1X J1X K1;
when Z1 is not less than S0 and is less than Z2, selecting a correction coefficient J2 of a second preset heat loss coefficient to correct the second preset heat loss coefficient K2, wherein the corrected heat loss coefficient is J2X K2, and the heating time is B2X J2X K2;
when Z2 is not less than S0 and less than Z3, selecting a correction coefficient J3 of a third preset heat loss coefficient to correct the third preset heat loss coefficient K3, wherein the corrected heat loss coefficient is J3X K3, and the heating time is B3X J3X K3;
and when the Z3 is not more than S0 and less than Z4, selecting a correction coefficient J4 of the fourth preset heat loss coefficient to correct the fourth preset heat loss coefficient K4, wherein the corrected heat loss coefficient is J4X K4, and the heating time is B4X J4X K4.
It can be understood that temperature measurement is performed based on the heat insulation effect of the heat insulation material in the prior art, when the thickness of the electrode surface and the heat insulation material is 50mm, the temperature rises to 175 degrees per hour, when power transmission is finished, the upper layer heat insulation material is still black and is only about 100 degrees, the steel plates on two sides are only 200 degrees when power transmission is finished, and 370 degrees are performed after 24 hours, so that the heat insulation material can affect the heat loss coefficient in equipment, and based on a heat loss formula Q = (heat conductivity coefficient: heat insulation area: temperature difference: heat insulation time/heat insulation thickness) = 860, the thickness parameter of the heat insulation material can be seen to affect, so that the heat loss coefficient in the heating process is corrected based on the thickness of the heat insulation material, and further the heating time is corrected, so that the production efficiency can be greatly improved, and the waste of resources is reduced.
In conclusion, the ultrahigh-current graphitizing furnace multilayer conductive equipment provided by the invention has the advantages that the copper plate, the bus and the graphite electrode are controlled to be completely compacted, the current of the bus is conveyed into the graphitizing furnace through the aluminum row, so that the product in the graphitizing furnace generates high temperature and is subjected to graphitization treatment, the heat carrying-out can be reduced, the power consumption is reduced, the heat efficiency is high, the power transmission time is short, and the like. In addition, the control method of the ultra-high current graphitization furnace provided by the invention prevents the formation of longitudinal cracks due to the change of internal stress of the electrode exceeding the limit stress of expansion of the product itself caused by too fast heating by determining the heating speed based on the number of products in the graphitization furnace.
The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention should not be limited thereby, and any structural changes made according to the present invention should be considered as being limited within the scope of the present invention unless the gist of the present invention is lost. It can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process and related description of the system described above may refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be described herein again.
It should be noted that, the system provided in the foregoing embodiment is only illustrated by dividing the functional modules, and in practical applications, the functions may be distributed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the modules or steps in the embodiment of the present invention are further decomposed or combined, for example, the modules in the foregoing embodiment may be combined into one module, or may be further split into multiple sub-modules, so as to complete all or part of the functions described above. Names of the modules and steps related in the embodiments of the present invention are only for distinguishing the modules or steps, and are not to be construed as unduly limiting the present invention.
Those of skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative modules, method steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that programs corresponding to the software modules, method steps may be located in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of electronic hardware and software, various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether these functions are performed in electronic hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-layer conductive apparatus of an ultra-high current graphitizing furnace, comprising:
the conductive vehicle is provided with a support;
a bus bar;
aluminum row;
the outer sides of two ends of the first clamping structure are provided with copper plates;
the outer sides of two ends of the second clamping structure are provided with copper plates;
a conductive structure comprising two parallel arranged graphite electrodes;
the conductive equipment is used for controlling the copper plate, the bus and the graphite electrode to be completely compacted, and transmitting the current of the bus into the graphitization furnace through the aluminum bar so as to enable the product in the graphitization furnace to generate high temperature and perform graphitization treatment.
2. The multi-layer conductive apparatus of an ultra-high current graphitization furnace as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
the battery box is arranged at the bottom of the supporting structure;
the bottom of the conductive vehicle is provided with a travelling wheel;
an insulating structure is arranged between the supporting structure and the travelling wheel.
3. The multi-layer conductive apparatus of an ultra-high current graphitization furnace as claimed in claim 1,
the upper end of the first clamping structure is further provided with two pulleys, and the pulleys are arranged in the support.
4. The multi-layer conductive apparatus of an ultra-high current graphitization furnace as claimed in claim 1,
the contact areas of the copper plates and the contact surfaces of the graphite electrodes are equal;
the contact area of the copper plate and the contact surface of the aluminum row are equal.
5. The multi-layer conductive apparatus of an ultra-high current graphitization furnace as claimed in claim 2,
the insulation structure is an insulation board.
6. A control method of an ultrahigh-current graphitization furnace applied to the multi-layer conductive apparatus of the ultrahigh-current graphitization furnace as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:
step S1: after the conductive vehicle is in place, controlling the copper plates on the two sides of the conductive vehicle, the aluminum bus and the graphite electrode to be completely compacted, and starting power transmission;
step S2: and when the conductive vehicle finishes the power transmission task of one furnace, the conductive vehicle moves to the next furnace to continue working.
7. The method of controlling an ultra-high current graphitization furnace as claimed in claim 6,
the step S1 further includes: detecting the number M0 of products in the graphitizing furnace in real time through a detection unit and determining power P0, and controlling the heating speed of the graphitizing furnace through a control unit according to the number M0 of the products and the power P0, wherein the heating speed is determined according to a formula gamma = P/mc, in the formula, gamma is the heating speed, P is the power, M is the number of the products, and c is the specific heat of the products;
setting a heating speed matrix T0 during preset heating and a number matrix A of preset products in the control unit, and setting A (A1, A2, A3, A4) for the number matrix A of the preset products, wherein A1 is the number of first preset products, A2 is the number of second preset products, A3 is the number of third preset products, A4 is the number of fourth preset products, and A1 is more than A2 and more than A3 and more than A4; setting T0 (T01, T02, T03, T04) for the heating speed matrix T0 during the preset heating, wherein T01 is the heating speed during the first preset heating, T01 is the heating speed during the second preset heating, T01 is the heating speed during the third preset heating, T01 is the heating speed during the fourth preset heating, and T01 is more than T02 and less than T03 and less than T04;
the control unit is used for selecting a corresponding heating speed as the heating speed of the graphitization furnace according to the relation between the M0 and the number matrix A of the preset products;
when M0 is less than A1, selecting the heating speed T01 during the first preset heating as the heating speed of the graphitization furnace;
when A1 is not less than M0 and not more than A2, selecting the heating speed T02 during the second preset heating as the heating speed of the graphitization furnace;
when A2 is not less than M0 and not more than A3, selecting the heating speed T03 during the third preset heating as the heating speed of the graphitization furnace;
and when the A3 is more than or equal to M0 and less than A4, selecting the heating speed T04 in the fourth preset heating as the heating speed of the graphitization furnace.
8. The method of controlling an ultra-high current graphitization furnace as claimed in claim 7,
the number M0 of the products in the graphitizing furnace is detected in real time through a detection unit, and the t of the surrounding environment is detected 0 The temperature difference W0 at the moment, the heat loss coefficient k in the heating process is calculated in real time through a control unit according to the temperature difference W0, and the heating time of the graphitization furnace is determined according to the heat loss coefficient k in the heating process;
a preset heat loss coefficient matrix K and a preset heating time matrix B of the graphitization furnace are also set in the control unit, and B (B1, B2, B3, B4) is set for the heating time matrix B of the graphitization furnace, wherein B1 is the heating time of a first preset graphitization furnace, B2 is the heating time of a second preset graphitization furnace, B3 is the heating time of a third preset graphitization furnace, B4 is the heating time of a fourth preset graphitization furnace, and B1 is more than B2 and less than B3 and less than B4; setting K (K1, K2, K3, K4) for the preset heat loss coefficient matrix K, wherein K1 is a first preset heat loss coefficient, K2 is a second preset heat loss coefficient, K3 is a third preset heat loss coefficient, K4 is a fourth preset heat loss coefficient, and K1 is more than K2 and more than K3 and more than K4;
the control unit is further used for selecting corresponding heating time as the heating time of the graphitization furnace according to the relation between the K and the preset heat loss coefficient matrix K;
when K is less than K1, selecting the heating time B1 of the first preset graphitization furnace as the heating time of the graphitization furnace;
when K is more than or equal to K1 and less than K2, selecting the heating time B2 of the second preset graphitization furnace as the heating time of the graphitization furnace;
when K2 is more than or equal to K and less than K3, selecting the heating time B3 of the third preset graphitization furnace as the heating time of the graphitization furnace;
and when the K3 is more than or equal to the K and less than the K4, selecting the heating time B4 of the fourth preset graphitization furnace as the heating time of the graphitization furnace.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the control of the ultrahigh-current graphitization furnace is performed by the following steps,
the detection unit is also used for detecting t within a preset time range in real time x Correcting the preset heating time of the graphitization furnace by the control unit according to the change value delta W of the temperature difference at the moment;
a change value matrix R of a preset temperature difference and a correction coefficient matrix L of the heating time of a preset graphitizing furnace are also set in the control unit, and L (L1, L2, L3, L4) is set for the correction coefficient matrix L of the heating time of the preset graphitizing furnace, wherein L1 is the correction coefficient of the heating time of a first preset graphitizing furnace, L2 is the correction coefficient of the heating time of a second preset graphitizing furnace, L3 is the correction coefficient of the heating time of a third preset graphitizing furnace, L4 is the correction coefficient of the heating time of a fourth preset graphitizing furnace, and L1 & lt, L2 & lt, L3 & lt, L4; setting R (R1, R2, R3, R4) for the change value matrix R of the preset temperature difference, wherein R1 is the change value of a first preset temperature difference, R2 is the change value of a second preset temperature difference, R3 is the change value of a third preset temperature difference, R4 is the change value of a fourth preset temperature difference, and R1 is more than R2 and more than R3 and more than R4;
the control unit is also used for selecting a correction coefficient of corresponding heating time according to the relation between the delta W and the change value matrix R of the preset temperature difference so as to correct the heating time of the preset graphitization furnace;
when the delta W is smaller than the R1, selecting a correction coefficient L1 of the heating time of the first preset graphitization furnace to correct the heating time B1 of the first preset graphitization furnace, wherein the corrected heating time is L1 x B1;
when R1 is not more than Δ W and less than R2, selecting a correction coefficient L2 of the heating time of the second preset graphitization furnace to correct the heating time B2 of the second preset graphitization furnace, wherein the corrected heating time is L2 × B2;
when R2 is not more than delta W and less than R3, selecting a correction coefficient L3 of the heating time of the third preset graphitization furnace to correct the heating time B3 of the third preset graphitization furnace, wherein the corrected heating time is L3 x B3;
and when R3 is not more than Δ W and less than R4, selecting a correction coefficient L4 of the heating time of the fourth preset graphitization furnace to correct the heating time B4 of the fourth preset graphitization furnace, wherein the corrected heating time is L4 × B4.
10. The method of controlling an ultra-high current graphitization furnace as claimed in claim 8,
detecting the thickness S0 of a heat insulation material layer in the graphitizing furnace in real time through a detection unit, and calculating a correction coefficient k of a heat loss coefficient k in the heating process through a control unit according to the thickness S0 of the heat insulation material layer i A correction coefficient k based on the heat loss coefficient k i Correcting the heating time of the preset graphitization furnace;
setting a thickness matrix Z of a preset heat insulation material layer and a correction coefficient matrix J of a preset heat loss coefficient in the control unit, and setting J (J1, J2, J3 and J4) for the correction coefficient matrix J of the preset heat loss coefficient, wherein J1 is a correction coefficient of a first preset heat loss coefficient, J2 is a correction coefficient of a second preset heat loss coefficient, J3 is a correction coefficient of a third preset heat loss coefficient, J4 is a correction coefficient of a fourth preset heat loss coefficient, and J1 & ltJ 2 & ltJ 3 & ltJ 4; setting Z (Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4) for the thickness matrix Z of the preset thermal insulation material layer, wherein Z1 is the thickness of a first preset thermal insulation material layer, Z2 is the thickness of a second preset thermal insulation material layer, Z3 is the thickness of a third preset thermal insulation material layer, Z4 is the thickness of a fourth preset thermal insulation material layer, and Z1 is more than Z2 and less than Z3 and less than Z4;
the control unit is also used for selecting a correction coefficient of a corresponding heat loss coefficient according to the relation between the S0 and the thickness matrix Z of the preset heat insulation material layer so as to correct a heat loss coefficient k in the heating process;
when S0 is less than Z1, selecting a correction coefficient J1 of the first preset heat loss coefficient to correct the first preset heat loss coefficient K1, wherein the corrected heat loss coefficient is J1X K1, and the heating time is B1X J1X K1;
when Z1 is not less than S0 and is less than Z2, selecting a correction coefficient J2 of the second preset heat loss coefficient to correct the second preset heat loss coefficient K2, wherein the corrected heat loss coefficient is J2X K2, and the heating time is B2X J2X K2;
when Z2 is not less than S0 and is less than Z3, selecting a correction coefficient J3 of the third preset heat loss coefficient to correct the third preset heat loss coefficient K3, wherein the corrected heat loss coefficient is J3X K3, and the heating time is B3X J3X K3;
and when the Z3 is not more than S0 and less than Z4, selecting a correction coefficient J4 of the fourth preset heat loss coefficient to correct the fourth preset heat loss coefficient K4, wherein the corrected heat loss coefficient is J4X K4, and the heating time is B4X J4X K4.
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