CN115308284B - Cadmium ion detection electrode based on electrochemiluminescence, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Cadmium ion detection electrode based on electrochemiluminescence, preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN115308284B
CN115308284B CN202210954089.XA CN202210954089A CN115308284B CN 115308284 B CN115308284 B CN 115308284B CN 202210954089 A CN202210954089 A CN 202210954089A CN 115308284 B CN115308284 B CN 115308284B
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electrode
zinc
electrochemiluminescence
ion detection
cadmium
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CN115308284A (en
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陈珊
柳军
皮杰
徐磊
郑玉皓
钱明艳
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Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/28Electrolytic cell components
    • G01N27/30Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
    • G01N27/308Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells at least partially made of carbon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D3/00Electroplating: Baths therefor
    • C25D3/02Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
    • C25D3/22Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of zinc
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/75Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
    • G01N21/76Chemiluminescence; Bioluminescence
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/28Electrolytic cell components
    • G01N27/30Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
    • G01N27/301Reference electrodes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/416Systems
    • G01N27/48Systems using polarography, i.e. measuring changes in current under a slowly-varying voltage

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Abstract

The invention provides a cadmium ion detection electrode based on electrochemiluminescence, which comprises the following steps: polishing the glassy carbon electrode by using alumina suspension, cleaning by using ultrapure water, and drying to obtain a substrate electrode; after zinc is deposited on the surface of a substrate electrode through electrodeposition, standing in air, and oxidizing the zinc deposited on the surface of the electrode into zinc oxide by oxygen in the air to obtain a zinc oxide modified electrode; placing the zinc oxide modified electrode in a sulfur ion solution for standing to obtain a zinc sulfide modified electrode, namely a working electrode; the detection electrode comprises the working electrode, a reference electrode and a counter electrode. The invention also provides an electrochemiluminescence type cadmium ion detection method. The preparation of the detection electrode and the detection of cadmium ions thereof have the characteristics of simple operation, no harm, no easy interference by other ions and the like.

Description

Cadmium ion detection electrode based on electrochemiluminescence, preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of testing or analyzing materials by utilizing an optical means, and particularly relates to a cadmium ion detection electrode based on electrochemiluminescence, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The existing analysis methods for cadmium ions (Cd 2+) mainly comprise atomic absorption spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, spectrophotometry and the like. The method has the advantages of mature technology, low detection limit, high sensitivity and the like, but still requires expensive large-scale instruments, and limits the wide application of the method. In contrast, fluorescence and electrochemical methods have received much attention for their convenience, low cost and high sensitivity characteristics. However, fluorescence methods are often limited by noisy backgrounds, limiting the detection sensitivity of fluorescence methods and their applications. The electrochemical method has the advantages of being quick, sensitive, low in cost and the like, and toxic heavy metals such as Hg 2+、Bi3+、Sb3+ are often used as a substrate in detection, so that Cd 2+ is effectively deposited on the electrode to realize detection, and popularization and application of the method are limited.
In view of the foregoing, there is a need to develop a method for detecting cadmium ion Cd 2+ that is simple and harmless to operate and is not susceptible to interference from other ions.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention aims to overcome the technical drawbacks of the prior art, such as complex detection operation, low sensitivity, and high component of Cd 2+;
The invention also aims to solve the technical problem that the prior art needs to use toxic heavy metals such as Hg 2+、Bi3+ or Sb 3+ as a substrate to bring secondary pollution when detecting Cd 2+;
to achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a method for preparing a cadmium ion detection electrode based on electrochemiluminescence, comprising the steps of:
Step 1, preparing a substrate electrode: polishing the glassy carbon electrode by using alumina suspension, cleaning by using ultrapure water, and drying to obtain a substrate electrode;
Step 2, zinc deposition: after zinc is deposited on the surface of a substrate electrode through electrodeposition, standing in air, and oxidizing the zinc deposited on the surface of the electrode into zinc oxide by oxygen in the air to obtain a zinc oxide modified electrode;
Step 3, vulcanization modification: and placing the zinc oxide modified electrode in a sulfur ion solution for standing to obtain a zinc sulfide modified electrode, namely a working electrode, wherein the detection electrode comprises the working electrode, a reference electrode and a counter electrode.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, preparing a substrate electrode: polishing the glassy carbon electrode by using alumina suspension with the particle size of 0.5 mu m, cleaning by using ultrapure water, and drying to obtain the substrate electrode
Step 2, zinc deposition: immersing a substrate electrode into a Zn 2+ solution with the concentration of 1-5 mmol/L, depositing for 10s under the voltage of-1.4V, depositing zinc on the surface of the substrate electrode through electrodeposition, standing in the air for 6-10 min, and oxidizing the zinc deposited on the surface of the electrode into zinc oxide by oxygen in the air to obtain a zinc oxide modified electrode;
Step 3, vulcanization modification: placing the zinc oxide modified electrode in 5-20 mmol/L Na 2 S solution, standing for 5-15 min to obtain a zinc sulfide modified electrode, namely a working electrode; the detection electrode comprises the working electrode, a reference electrode and a counter electrode.
Preferably, the reference electrode is a silver chloride electrode, and the counter electrode is a platinum sheet electrode.
Preferably, the particle size of the zinc nano-particles on the surface of the zinc oxide modified electrode is 10-20 nm.
The cadmium ion detection electrode based on electrochemiluminescence is prepared by adopting the preparation method.
The application of the cadmium ion detection electrode is that the cadmium ion detection electrode is placed in a solution to be detected containing cadmium ions, an electrochemiluminescence signal of the cadmium ions is obtained through electrochemical scanning, and the concentration of the cadmium ions in the solution to be detected is obtained through conversion calculation of the intensity of the electrochemiluminescence signal obtained through measurement.
Preferably, the cadmium ion detection electrode is placed in a solution to be detected containing cadmium ions for 20-30 min, an electrochemiluminescence signal of the cadmium ions is obtained through electrochemical scanning, and the concentration of the cadmium ions in the solution to be detected is obtained through conversion calculation of the intensity of the electrochemiluminescence signal obtained through measurement.
Preferably, the electrochemical scanning mode is cyclic voltammetry, the scanning range is 0-1.5V, and the scanning speed is 0.05V/s.
Preferably, the components of the solution to be detected containing cadmium ions comprise H 2O2、NaClO4 and Cd 2+.
Preferably, the components of the solution to be detected containing cadmium ions comprise 2-5 mmol/L H 2O2、0.1~0.5mol/L NaClO4 and Cd 2+ with different concentrations.
The cadmium ion detection electrode based on electrochemiluminescence, the preparation method and the detection method have the following beneficial effects:
1) According to the invention, the Cd 2+ in the solution is rapidly detected by preparing the zinc sulfide nanoparticle modified electrode and generating a strong ECL (electrogenerated chemilumines electrochemiluminescence) signal by utilizing the displacement reaction of Cd 2+ and the surface of the zinc sulfide modified electrode, and compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of simple operation, high sensitivity and almost zero background interference, and can realize rapid and sensitive detection of Cd 2+ in water;
2) The method does not need to introduce Hg 2+、Bi3+ or Sb 3+ and other toxic heavy metals as a substrate to prepare the electrode, and does not cause secondary pollution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of detection electrode preparation and detection of Cd 2+;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of zinc sulfide nanoparticles modified on the surface of the working electrode in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of electrochemiluminescence signals of a test solution with and without Cd 2+ added to a detection electrode according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of electrochemiluminescence signals of the detection electrode pair of the present invention at different concentrations Cd 2+;
FIG. 5 is a graph of electrochemiluminescence signals of the detection electrode pair of the present invention for different metal ions.
Detailed Description
Further advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention, which is described by the following specific examples.
Example 1:
the preparation method of the cadmium ion detection electrode based on electrochemiluminescence comprises the following steps:
Step 1, preparing a substrate electrode: polishing the glassy carbon electrode by using alumina suspension with the particle size of 0.5 mu m, cleaning by using ultrapure water, and drying to obtain a substrate electrode;
step 2, zinc deposition: immersing a substrate electrode into a Zn 2+ solution with the concentration of 1-5 mmol/L, depositing for 10s under the voltage of-1.4V, depositing zinc on the surface of the substrate electrode through electrodeposition, standing in the air for 6-10 min, and oxidizing the zinc deposited on the surface of the electrode into zinc oxide by oxygen in the air to obtain a zinc oxide modified electrode;
Step 3, vulcanization modification: placing the zinc oxide modified electrode in a 10mmol/L Na 2 S solution and standing for 5-15 min to obtain a zinc sulfide modified electrode, namely a working electrode; the detection electrode comprises the working electrode, a reference electrode and a counter electrode; as shown in fig. 1 and 2. The reference electrode is a silver chloride electrode, and the counter electrode is a platinum sheet electrode.
Example 2:
the detection electrode (using silver-silver chloride electrode as reference electrode and platinum sheet electrode as counter electrode) in example 1 was placed in a solution containing Cd 2+ and not containing Cd 2+, and the electrochemiluminescence signal of Cd 2+ was monitored by electrochemical scanning, wherein the electrochemical scanning was cyclic voltammetry, the scanning range was 0-1.5V, the scanning speed was 0.05V/s, and the cycle was two; the composition of the solution to be detected containing Cd 2+ is 2mmol/L H 2O2、0.1mol/L NaClO4 and Cd 2+ of 5X10 -7 mol/L, and the control group is as follows: the composition of the solution to be tested, which does not contain Cd 2+, is 2mmol/L H 2O2、0.1mol/LNaClO4.
In the solution to be detected containing Cd 2+, because CdS of a strong electrochemiluminescence signal is generated on the surface of the electrode (working electrode) modified by the zinc sulfide nano particles, the obvious electrochemiluminescence signal is obtained; in the test solution containing no Cd 2+, no CdS was generated, so no obvious electrochemiluminescence signal could be obtained, as shown in fig. 3.
Example 3:
The detection electrode (silver-silver chloride electrode is used as a reference electrode, a platinum sheet electrode is used as a counter electrode) in the embodiment 1 is placed in a solution to be detected containing Cd 2+ with different concentrations, and electrochemiluminescence signals are monitored through electrochemical scanning, as shown in fig. 4, wherein the electrochemical scanning is cyclic voltammetry, the scanning range is 0-1.5V, the scanning speed is 0.05V/s, the solution to be detected containing Cd 2+ with different concentrations is circulated for two circles, and the composition of the solution to be detected containing Cd 2+ with different concentrations is 2mmol/L H 2O2、0.1mol/L NaClO4 and Cd 2+ with different concentrations.
Example 4:
placing the detection electrode (silver-silver chloride electrode is used as a reference electrode and a platinum sheet electrode is used as a counter electrode) in the embodiment 1 in a plurality of solutions to be detected containing different metal ions, and monitoring electrochemiluminescence signals through electrochemical scanning, as shown in fig. 5, wherein the electrochemical scanning is cyclic voltammetry, the scanning range is 0-1.5V, the scanning speed is 0.05V/s, and the two circles are circulated; as can be seen from the test chart of FIG. 5, the method has electrochemiluminescence signals only for the solution to be tested containing Cd 2+; the electrochemiluminescence signal is not detected for the solution to be detected containing other kinds of metal ions, so that the interference of the other kinds of metal ions to the method is avoided, and the detection method has good selectivity to Cd 2+.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. The preparation method of the cadmium ion detection electrode based on electrochemiluminescence is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Step 1, preparing a substrate electrode: polishing the glassy carbon electrode by using alumina suspension, cleaning by using ultrapure water, and drying to obtain a substrate electrode;
Step 2, zinc deposition: after zinc is deposited on the surface of a substrate electrode through electrodeposition, standing in air, and oxidizing the zinc deposited on the surface of the electrode into zinc oxide by oxygen in the air to obtain a zinc oxide modified electrode;
Step 3, vulcanization modification: placing the zinc oxide modified electrode in a sulfur ion solution for standing to obtain a zinc sulfide modified electrode, namely a working electrode; the detection electrode comprises the working electrode, a reference electrode and a counter electrode.
2. The method for preparing the cadmium ion detection electrode based on electrochemiluminescence according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, preparing a substrate electrode: polishing the glassy carbon electrode by using alumina suspension with the particle size of 0.5 mu m, cleaning by using ultrapure water, and drying to obtain a substrate electrode;
step 2, zinc deposition: immersing a substrate electrode into a Zn 2+ solution with the concentration of 1-5 mmol/L, depositing for 10s under the voltage of-1.4V, depositing zinc on the surface of the substrate electrode through electrodeposition, standing in the air for 6-10 min, and oxidizing the zinc deposited on the surface of the electrode into zinc oxide by oxygen in the air to obtain a zinc oxide modified electrode;
Step 3, vulcanization modification: placing the zinc oxide modified electrode in 5-20 mmol/L Na 2 S solution, standing for 5-15 min to obtain a zinc sulfide modified electrode, namely a working electrode; the detection electrode comprises the working electrode, a reference electrode and a counter electrode.
3. The method for preparing a cadmium ion detection electrode based on electrochemiluminescence according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the reference electrode is a silver chloride electrode and the counter electrode is a platinum sheet electrode.
4. The method for preparing a cadmium ion detection electrode based on electrochemiluminescence according to claim 3, wherein the particle size of the zinc nanoparticle on the surface of the zinc oxide modified electrode is 10-20 nm.
5. A cadmium ion detection electrode based on electrochemiluminescence, characterized in that the cadmium ion detection electrode is prepared by the preparation method of claim 4.
6. The application of the cadmium ion detection electrode is characterized in that the cadmium ion detection electrode in claim 5 is placed in a solution to be detected containing cadmium ions, and an electrochemiluminescence signal of the cadmium ions is obtained through electrochemical scanning.
7. The use according to claim 6, wherein the cadmium ion detection electrode is placed in a solution to be detected containing cadmium ions for 20-30 min, and the electrochemiluminescence signal of the cadmium ions is obtained by electrochemical scanning.
8. The use according to claim 7, wherein the electrochemical scanning mode is cyclic voltammetry, the scanning range is 0-1.5V, and the scanning speed is 0.05V/s.
9. The use of claim 8, wherein the components of the solution to be tested containing cadmium ions include H 2O2、NaClO4 and Cd 2+.
10. The use according to claim 9, wherein the components of the solution to be measured containing cadmium ions comprise 2-5 mmol/L H 2O2、0.1~0.5mol/L NaClO4 and different concentrations of Cd 2+.
CN202210954089.XA 2022-08-10 2022-08-10 Cadmium ion detection electrode based on electrochemiluminescence, preparation method and application thereof Active CN115308284B (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102331448A (en) * 2011-10-14 2012-01-25 北京工业大学 Method for preparing electrochemical luminescence electrode by directly electrodepositing CdS modified glassy carbon
CN105251513A (en) * 2015-09-18 2016-01-20 温州大学 Electrodeposition preparation method of carbon nanotube/transition metal compound composite material
WO2017065395A1 (en) * 2015-10-13 2017-04-20 (주)썬텍엔지니어링 Real-time multiple-item heavy metal analysis apparatus, real-time multiple-item heavy metal analysis method, and method for producing sensor of heavy metal analysis apparatus
CN109187507A (en) * 2018-06-26 2019-01-11 宁波大学 A kind of Electrochemiluminescsensor sensor and its preparation method and application for detecting bisphenol-A
KR20190103730A (en) * 2018-02-28 2019-09-05 부산대학교 산학협력단 Preparation method for detecting arsenic ion and detection method of arsenic ion using the same
CN110470722A (en) * 2019-08-23 2019-11-19 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 A kind of method and device thereof carrying out potential change detection using PhotoelectrochemicalMethod Method
CN110596220A (en) * 2019-09-25 2019-12-20 武汉理工大学 Preparation method of quantum dot electrode for simultaneously carrying out fluorescence and electrochemical detection on metal ions

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102331448A (en) * 2011-10-14 2012-01-25 北京工业大学 Method for preparing electrochemical luminescence electrode by directly electrodepositing CdS modified glassy carbon
CN105251513A (en) * 2015-09-18 2016-01-20 温州大学 Electrodeposition preparation method of carbon nanotube/transition metal compound composite material
WO2017065395A1 (en) * 2015-10-13 2017-04-20 (주)썬텍엔지니어링 Real-time multiple-item heavy metal analysis apparatus, real-time multiple-item heavy metal analysis method, and method for producing sensor of heavy metal analysis apparatus
KR20190103730A (en) * 2018-02-28 2019-09-05 부산대학교 산학협력단 Preparation method for detecting arsenic ion and detection method of arsenic ion using the same
CN109187507A (en) * 2018-06-26 2019-01-11 宁波大学 A kind of Electrochemiluminescsensor sensor and its preparation method and application for detecting bisphenol-A
CN110470722A (en) * 2019-08-23 2019-11-19 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 A kind of method and device thereof carrying out potential change detection using PhotoelectrochemicalMethod Method
CN110596220A (en) * 2019-09-25 2019-12-20 武汉理工大学 Preparation method of quantum dot electrode for simultaneously carrying out fluorescence and electrochemical detection on metal ions

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