CN115308234A - Method for measuring and analyzing air entraining fresh concrete bubbles - Google Patents
Method for measuring and analyzing air entraining fresh concrete bubbles Download PDFInfo
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- CN115308234A CN115308234A CN202210948073.8A CN202210948073A CN115308234A CN 115308234 A CN115308234 A CN 115308234A CN 202210948073 A CN202210948073 A CN 202210948073A CN 115308234 A CN115308234 A CN 115308234A
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- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring and analyzing air entraining fresh concrete bubbles, which comprises the following steps: s1, scanning and observing bubble characteristics; placing the mining wet-spraying concrete in a temperature and humidity control environment, controlling the temperature and humidity of the concrete to be stable, and scanning the mining wet-spraying concrete by CT in 15 seconds, 1 minute, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 30 minutes, 24 hours, 10 days and 28 days after the air entraining agent is doped; s2, scanning and observing bubble characteristics under various environments; adjusting the temperature and humidity of the installation environment of the wet sprayed concrete for the mine, and repeating the step S1; s3, microscopically observing dynamic changes of bubbles; and the state change of the bubbles on the surface layer is obtained by observing through a microscope in 15 seconds, 1 minute, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 30 minutes, 24 hours, 10 days and 28 days after the air entraining agent is mixed, and the method has the advantages of accurate and reliable research result, comprehensive analysis, visual understanding of the characteristics and the state change of the bubbles and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete bubble detection, and particularly relates to a method for determining and analyzing air entraining fresh concrete bubbles.
Background
After the mining wet-spraying concrete is doped with the air entraining agent, tiny bubbles are filled and accumulated in a cross-scale particle system in a soft aggregate mode, and the working performance of the concrete is influenced by the change of the performance of the bubbles.
At present, scholars at home and abroad mainly study the change rule of air content of concrete after air bubbles are introduced, the air content of the concrete is changed quickly after the air entrainment, so that fresh concrete needs to be scanned quickly, and the whole period change process of the mining wet-sprayed concrete from fresh mixing to hardening of the air bubbles is difficult to clarify due to the lack of internal air bubble characteristics and dynamic air bubble changes of the concrete in a short time after the air entraining agent is doped into the concrete.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for measuring and analyzing air entraining fresh concrete bubbles, which can comprehensively analyze the characteristics of the air entraining concrete bubbles, accurately analyze the dynamic change process of the bubbles and solve the problem of lack of research on the whole period process from fresh mixing to hardening of the characteristics and the dynamic change of the concrete bubbles.
Therefore, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for measuring and analyzing air entraining fresh concrete bubbles comprises the following steps:
s1, scanning and observing bubble characteristics; placing the mining wet sprayed concrete in a temperature and humidity control environment, controlling the temperature and humidity of the concrete to be stable, setting a time period, then doping an air entraining agent, scanning the mining wet sprayed concrete through CT in the time periods of 15 seconds, 1 minute, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 30 minutes, 24 hours, 10 days and 28 days after the air entraining agent is doped, and obtaining bubble characteristic data of the whole period from fresh mixing to hardening of concrete bubbles, wherein the bubble characteristic data comprises bubble volume, bubble diameter, bubble quantity in different diameter ranges and bubble quantity ratio in different diameter ranges;
s2, scanning and observing bubble characteristics under various environments; adjusting the temperature and humidity of the installation environment of the wet sprayed concrete for the mine, setting the first-grade 0 ℃ temperature, 40% RH humidity, the second-grade 20 ℃ temperature, 50% RH humidity and the third-grade 40 ℃ temperature, 60% RH humidity, repeating the step S1 in the temperature and humidity environment of each grade, and simulating different seasonal environments to obtain the characteristic data of the bubbles in the whole period from the new mixing to the hardening of the concrete bubbles;
s3, microscopically observing dynamic changes of bubbles; placing the mining wet-sprayed concrete in a concrete bubble observation vessel, then doping an air entraining agent, setting a time period, and observing through a microscope in 15 seconds, 1 minute, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 30 minutes, 24 hours, 10 days and 28 days after the air entraining agent is doped to obtain the state change of bubbles on the surface layer, wherein the state change of the bubbles comprises the change of the size and the shape of the bubbles and an ablation process;
and step S2 and step S3 are not in sequence and are respectively carried out separately.
As the optimization of the scheme, the method is carried out on the basis of an air entraining fresh concrete bubble determination all-in-one machine consisting of a test box, a scanning module, a data acquisition and processing module, an observation module and a data analysis module, can comprehensively analyze air entraining fresh concrete bubbles, research bubble ablation and bubble volume change, integrate the scanning concrete bubbles and a device for microscopically observing concrete surface layer bubbles and improve the bubble detection efficiency, and can be used for researching the bubble characteristics under the interaction influence of cross-scale particles and bubbles;
the testing box comprises a box body with an opening at the top and a concrete temperature and humidity control box which is arranged in the box body and moves horizontally along the opening, a guide rail for the concrete temperature and humidity control box to slide and an automatic push-pull rod for pushing the concrete temperature and humidity control box to slide along the guide rail are arranged in the box body, the scanning module comprises an annular shell with a lower half part arranged in the box body, and a high-voltage generator, an X-ray tube, a wire filter, a front collimator, a detector front collimator and a detector which are arranged in the annular shell from top to bottom, the internal structure of the scanning module is delicate, the high-voltage generator can generate direct current high voltage required by the X-ray tube, the X-ray tube emits X-rays, the wire filter improves the quality of an X-ray film, the front collimator adjusts the thickness of a CT scanning layer, the detector front collimator is used for collimating rays and removing scattering rays, the detector receives the X-rays and can record electric signals, and acquires the electric signals through a data acquisition device, so that the characteristics of newly mixed concrete bubbles can be accurately known;
the data acquisition processing module comprises a data acquisition device positioned in the annular shell and a computer processing device positioned in the test box, when the automatic push-pull rod pushes the concrete temperature and humidity control box to the center of the annular shell, the air entraining fresh concrete in the concrete temperature and humidity control box is scanned by X-rays, and the detector can generate an electric signal and perform acquisition processing through the data acquisition processing module;
the observation module includes two-dimensional moving platform, is located the concrete bubble observation ware on two-dimensional moving platform and passes through the microscope main part that the data line is connected with data analysis module, data analysis module can the analysis concrete air entrainment fresh concrete bubble characteristic data in the wet box of accuse control by temperature change, also can take notes the dynamic change of bubble in the concrete bubble observation ware, can adjust the position that the microscope main part aims at the concrete bubble observation ware through two-dimensional moving platform, just can observe the concrete bubble observation ware center department comprehensively and the bubble dynamic change of border department.
Preferably, the data acquisition device comprises a data acquisition unit, a preamplifier, an analog-to-digital converter and a digital signal transmitter, wherein the data acquisition unit can acquire an electric signal converted by the detector and amplify the electric signal by the preamplifier, the analog-to-digital converter can convert the analog signal into a digital signal and transmit the digital signal to the computer processing device by the digital signal transmitter, the structural design is ingenious, and the CT image result of the air-entrained fresh concrete scanned by the X-ray is transmitted to the computer processing device for processing, so that the bubble characteristic data can be accurately known; the computer processing device comprises a computer, an array processor, a convolver and a back projection device, wherein the array processor is used for image reconstruction, and the convolver is used for improving the operation speed and clearly reconstructing a scanning result.
Further preferably, the two-dimensional moving platform includes two longitudinal rail and a transverse rail of putting up on longitudinal rail that control parallel, and transverse rail can follow the longitudinal rail translation and be equipped with fixed transverse rail's positioning fixture block, concrete bubble observation ware is settled on transverse rail to can follow transverse rail and remove, through violently indulging the guide rail, realize the two-dimensional movement of concrete bubble observation ware, conveniently adjust its position and aim at microscope main part, the change and the ablation change of bubble size, shape in the observation concrete bubble observation ware that can be better.
Further preferably, an indicator light and a manual control panel are arranged outside the annular shell of the scanning module, so that manual control can be performed through the manual control panel when the data analysis module is in failure.
Further preferably, the moving speed of the automatic push-pull rod is less than 0.05m/s, so that the influence of too high speed on bubbles is avoided, and the side surface of the concrete temperature control wet box is detachably connected with the end of the automatic push-pull rod, so that the concrete temperature control wet box can be conveniently taken out and placed in.
More preferably, the microscope body adopts a Lecia microscope, and has a high-quality optical system and a clear image.
Further preferably, the data analysis module comprises a computer, the computer is provided with Avizo software for analyzing characteristic data of bubbles, lecia microscope system software for presenting Lecia microscope shooting pictures, and screen recording software for recording the variation process of the bubbles in the Lecia microscope system software, so that the volume, diameter, number of bubbles in different diameter ranges and the proportion of bubbles in different diameter ranges of concrete bubbles can be accurately obtained, and the dynamic variation process of the size, shape and melting of the bubbles can be obtained.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) For the characteristics (volume, shape and quantity) of the bubbles under the interaction effect of the cross-scale particles and the bubbles, the bubbles in the concrete are scanned by CT and the bubbles on the surface layer of the concrete are observed by a microscope, so that the concrete can be thoroughly researched from inside to outside, and the bubble characteristic research result is accurate and reliable.
(2) Scanning the mining wet-spraying concrete by CT in 15 seconds, 1 minute, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 30 minutes, 24 hours, 10 days and 28 days after the air entraining agent is mixed, observing the bubble state change of the surface layer in 15 seconds, 1 minute, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 30 minutes, 24 hours, 10 days and 28 days after the air entraining agent is mixed, and obtaining the bubble characteristics and the dynamic change data of the bubbles of the mining wet-spraying concrete in the whole period from fresh mixing to hardening, thereby better filling the blank of lacking the field of comprehensively analyzing the bubble characteristics and the state change of the air entraining fresh-mixing concrete in the whole period on the market, and comprehensively analyzing the change of the size and the shape of the bubbles and the ablation process.
(3) The method is characterized in that the first-grade temperature of 0 ℃ and the first-grade RH humidity of 40 percent are set, the second-grade temperature of 20 ℃ and the second-grade RH humidity of 50 percent are set, the third-grade temperature of 40 ℃ and the third-grade RH humidity of 60 percent are set, different seasonal environments are simulated to obtain characteristic data of the bubbles of the concrete in the whole period from the new mixing to the hardening, the bubble observation is more comprehensive, and the characteristics and the state change of the bubbles of the wet-sprayed concrete for mining under the conditions of various temperatures and humidities can be intuitively known.
In conclusion, the method has the advantages of accurate and reliable research result, comprehensive analysis, visual understanding of the characteristics and the state change of the bubbles and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front half sectional view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the test chamber.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the scanning module.
Fig. 4 is a front view of the internal structure of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the observation module and the data analysis module.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1 to 5, a method for measuring and analyzing air bubbles in air-entrained fresh concrete comprises the following specific steps:
s1, scanning and observing bubble characteristics; the mining wet-spraying concrete is placed in a temperature and humidity control environment, the temperature and the humidity of the concrete are controlled to be stable, a time period is set, then the air entraining agent is doped, and the mining wet-spraying concrete is scanned through CT in the time periods of 15 seconds, 1 minute, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 30 minutes, 24 hours, 10 days and 28 days after the air entraining agent is doped, so that the characteristic data of the air bubbles in the whole period from fresh mixing to hardening of the concrete air bubbles are obtained.
The bubble characteristic data comprises bubble volume, bubble diameter, the number of bubbles in different diameter ranges and the ratio of the number of bubbles in different diameter ranges.
S2, scanning and observing bubble characteristics under various environments; adjusting the temperature and humidity of the installation environment of the wet sprayed concrete for the mine, setting a first grade of 0 ℃ temperature, 40% RH humidity, a second grade of 20 ℃ temperature, 50% RH humidity, and a third grade of 40 ℃ temperature, 60% RH humidity, and repeating the step S1 in the temperature and humidity environment of each grade.
Simulating different seasonal environments to obtain the characteristic data of the bubbles in the whole period from the new mixing to the hardening of the concrete bubbles.
S3, microscopically observing dynamic changes of bubbles; the mining wet-sprayed concrete is placed in a concrete bubble observation vessel, then the air entraining agent is doped, the time period is set, and the state change of the bubbles on the surface layer is obtained by observing through a microscope in the time periods of 15 seconds, 1 minute, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 30 minutes, 24 hours, 10 days and 28 days after the air entraining agent is doped.
The bubble state change comprises the change of the size and the shape of the bubble and an ablation process.
And step S2 and step S3 are not in sequence and are respectively carried out separately.
The method is carried out on the basis of an air entraining fresh concrete bubble determination all-in-one machine consisting of a test box 1, a scanning module 2, a data acquisition and processing module, an observation module 3 and a data analysis module 4,
the test box 1 is composed of a box body 11 with an opening at the top and a concrete temperature control wet box 12 which is arranged in the box body 11 and translates along the opening.
The box body 11 is provided with a guide rail 111 for the concrete temperature and humidity control box 12 to slide and an automatic push-pull rod 112 for pushing the concrete temperature and humidity control box 12 to slide along the guide rail 111.
The moving speed of the automatic push-pull rod 112 is less than 0.05m/s, and the side surface of the concrete temperature and humidity control box 12 is detachably connected with the end head of the automatic push-pull rod 112.
The scanning module 2 is composed of an annular housing with a lower half part arranged in the box body 11, and a high voltage generator 21, an X-ray tube 22, a wire filter 23, a front collimator 24, a front collimator 25 and a detector 26 which are arranged in the annular housing from top to bottom.
An indicator light and a manual control panel are arranged outside the annular shell of the scanning module 2.
The high voltage generator 21 generates the DC high voltage needed by the X-ray tube, the X-ray tube 22 emits X-ray, the filter 23 improves the quality of X-ray film, the front collimator 24 adjusts the CT scanning layer thickness, the detector front collimator 25 collimates the ray and removes scattered ray, the detector 26 receives the X-ray and converts it into recordable electric signal,
the data acquisition and processing module consists of a data acquisition device 5 positioned in the annular shell and a computer processing device 6 positioned in the test box 1.
The data acquisition device 5 consists of a data acquisition unit, a preamplifier, an analog-to-digital converter and a digital signal transmitter.
The data acquisition unit is capable of acquiring the electrical signal converted by the detector 26 and amplifying it by the preamplifier, and the analog-to-digital converter is capable of converting the analog signal to a digital signal and transmitting the digital signal to the computer processing device by the digital signal transmitter.
The computer processing device 6 is composed of a computer, an array processor, a convolution device and a back projection device.
The array processor is used for image reconstruction, and the convolution device is used for improving the operation speed and clearly reconstructing the CT image of the scanning result.
When the automatic push-pull rod 112 pushes the concrete temperature and humidity control box 12 to the center of the annular shell, the bleed air fresh concrete in the concrete temperature and humidity control box 12 is scanned by X-rays, and the detector 26 can generate an electric signal and perform acquisition processing through the data acquisition processing module.
The observation module 3 is composed of a two-dimensional moving platform 31, a concrete bubble observation vessel 32 positioned on the two-dimensional moving platform 31 and a microscope main body 33 connected with the data analysis module 4 through a data line.
The two-dimensional moving platform 31 is composed of two longitudinal guide rails 311 arranged side by side on the left and right and a transverse guide rail 312 built on the longitudinal guide rails 311.
The cross-rail 312 is able to translate along the longitudinal rail 311 and is equipped with a positioning latch 313 that secures the cross-rail 312.
The concrete bubble observation boat 32 is placed on the cross rail 312 and can move along the cross rail 312.
The microscope body 33 is a Lecia microscope.
The data analysis module 4 can analyze the characteristic data of the air-entraining fresh concrete bubbles in the concrete temperature and humidity control box 12 and also can record the dynamic changes of the bubbles in the concrete bubble observation vessel 32.
The data analysis module 4 is mainly composed of a computer.
The computer is provided with Avizo software for analyzing the characteristic data of the bubbles, lecia microscope system software for presenting a Lecia microscope shooting picture and screen recording software for recording the change process of the bubbles in the Lecia microscope system software.
When the automatic push-pull rod 112 pushes the concrete temperature and humidity control box 12 to the center of the annular shell, the data analysis module 4 controls the scanning module 3 to operate, the air-entraining fresh concrete in the concrete temperature and humidity control box 12 is scanned by X-rays, and CT images are obtained through Avizo software, so that bubble characteristic data about the volume of bubbles, the diameter of the bubbles, the number of the bubbles in different diameter ranges and the ratio of the number of the bubbles in the different diameter ranges are obtained.
The two-dimensional moving platform 31 is adjusted to enable the concrete bubble observation vessel 32 to be aligned to the position right below the microscope main body, and the data analysis module 4 observes the state change of the bubbles in the fresh concrete through Lecia microsystem software.
Claims (8)
1. The method for measuring and analyzing the air entraining fresh concrete bubbles is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, scanning and observing bubble characteristics; placing the mining wet sprayed concrete in a temperature and humidity control environment, controlling the temperature and humidity of the concrete to be stable, setting a time period, then doping an air entraining agent, scanning the mining wet sprayed concrete through CT in the time periods of 15 seconds, 1 minute, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 30 minutes, 24 hours, 10 days and 28 days after the air entraining agent is doped, and obtaining bubble characteristic data of the whole period from fresh mixing to hardening of concrete bubbles, wherein the bubble characteristic data comprises bubble volume, bubble diameter, bubble quantity in different diameter ranges and bubble quantity ratio in different diameter ranges;
s2, scanning and observing the characteristics of bubbles in various environments; adjusting the temperature and humidity of the installation environment of the wet sprayed concrete for the mine, setting the first-grade 0 ℃ temperature, 40% RH humidity, the second-grade 20 ℃ temperature, 50% RH humidity and the third-grade 40 ℃ temperature, 60% RH humidity, repeating the step S1 in the temperature and humidity environment of each grade, and simulating different seasonal environments to obtain the characteristic data of the bubbles in the whole period from the new mixing to the hardening of the concrete bubbles;
s3, microscopically observing dynamic changes of bubbles; placing the mining wet-sprayed concrete in a concrete bubble observation vessel, then doping an air entraining agent, setting a time period, and observing the state change of bubbles on the surface layer through a microscope in 15 seconds, 1 minute, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 30 minutes, 24 hours, 10 days and 28 days after the air entraining agent is doped, wherein the state change of the bubbles comprises the change of the size and the shape of the bubbles and an ablation process;
and step S2 and step S3 are not in sequence and are respectively carried out separately.
2. The determination and analysis method for air entraining fresh concrete bubbles according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method is carried out on the basis of an air entraining fresh concrete bubble determination all-in-one machine which consists of a test box (1), a scanning module (2), a data acquisition and processing module, an observation module (3) and a data analysis module (4), the test box (1) comprises a box body (11) with an opening at the top and a concrete temperature control wet box (12) which is arranged in the box body (11) and translates along the opening, a guide rail (111) for the concrete temperature and humidity control box (12) to slide and an automatic push-pull rod (112) for pushing the concrete temperature and humidity control box (12) to slide along the guide rail (111) are arranged in the box body (11), the scanning module (2) comprises a ring-shaped shell with a lower half part arranged in the box body (11), and a high voltage generator (21), an X-ray tube (22), a wire filter (23), a front collimator (24), a detector front collimator (25) and a detector (26) which are arranged from top to bottom in the annular shell, the data acquisition processing module comprises a data acquisition device (5) positioned in the annular shell and a computer processing device (6) positioned in the test box (1), when the automatic push-pull rod (112) pushes the concrete temperature control humidity control box (12) to the center of the annular shell, the air-entraining fresh concrete in the concrete temperature and humidity control box (12) is scanned by X-rays, and a detector (26) can generate an electric signal and carry out acquisition processing through a data acquisition processing module; observation module (3) include two-dimensional moving platform (31), be located concrete bubble observation ware (32) on two-dimensional moving platform (31) and with data analysis module (4) through microscope main part (33) that the data line is connected, data analysis module (4) can analyze the bleed air fresh concrete bubble characteristic data in concrete accuse temperature and humidity box (12), also can record the interior bubble dynamic change of concrete bubble observation ware (32).
3. The air entraining fresh concrete air bubble determination analysis method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the data acquisition device (5) comprises a data acquisition unit, a preamplifier, an analog-to-digital converter and a digital signal transmitter, wherein the data acquisition unit can acquire the electric signal converted by the detector (26) and amplify the electric signal by the preamplifier, and the analog-to-digital converter can convert the analog signal into a digital signal and transmit the digital signal to the computer processing device by the digital signal transmitter; the computer processing device (6) comprises a computer, an array processor, a convolver and a back projection device.
4. The determination and analysis method for air entraining fresh concrete bubbles according to claim 2, characterized in that: the two-dimensional moving platform (31) comprises two longitudinal guide rails (311) which are arranged in parallel left and right and a transverse guide rail (312) which is built on the longitudinal guide rails (311), the transverse guide rail (312) can translate along the longitudinal guide rails (311) and is provided with a positioning fixture block (313) for fixing the transverse guide rails (312), and the concrete bubble observation vessel (32) is arranged on the transverse guide rails (312) and can move along the transverse guide rails (312).
5. The determination and analysis method for air entraining fresh concrete bubbles according to claim 2, characterized in that: an indicator light and a manual control panel are arranged outside the annular shell of the scanning module (2).
6. The air entraining fresh concrete air bubble determination analysis method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the moving speed of the automatic push-pull rod (112) is less than 0.05m/s, and the side surface of the concrete temperature control and humidity control box (12) is detachably connected with the end head of the automatic push-pull rod (112).
7. The air entraining fresh concrete air bubble determination analysis method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the microscope body (33) adopts a Lecia microscope.
8. The air entraining fresh concrete air bubble determination analysis method according to claim 7, characterized in that: the data analysis module (4) comprises a computer, and the computer is provided with Avizo software for analyzing bubble characteristic data, lecia microscope system software for presenting Lecia microscope shooting pictures and screen recording software for recording the changing process of bubbles in the Lecia microscope system software.
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