CN115308051A - Drop hammer impact test system - Google Patents
Drop hammer impact test system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115308051A CN115308051A CN202210973026.9A CN202210973026A CN115308051A CN 115308051 A CN115308051 A CN 115308051A CN 202210973026 A CN202210973026 A CN 202210973026A CN 115308051 A CN115308051 A CN 115308051A
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- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010073 coating (rubber) Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011089 mechanical engineering Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006351 engineering plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/317—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated by electromagnetic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/08—Shock-testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/303—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated only by free-falling weight
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/005—Electromagnetic means
Abstract
The invention provides a drop hammer impact test system, which belongs to the technical field of mechanical engineering and comprises an upper cross beam, a left upright post, a height scale, a left slide rail, a slide rule, a secondary impact prevention left mechanism, a photoelectric door, a left bottom supporting beam, a left bottom longitudinal beam, a left base angle beam, an objective table upright post, a bottom plate, a lower cross beam, a right base angle beam, a right bottom longitudinal beam, a right bottom supporting beam, a secondary impact prevention right mechanism, a right upright post, a right slide rail, a hammer frame upper plate, a balancing weight, a screw rod, a hammer frame lower plate, a hammer head support, a sensor, a hammer head, a fixing clamp, an objective table surface, a controller, a data acquisition system, a data storage system and a data processing and displaying system. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of convenience in operation, easiness in manufacturing, mounting and dismounting, low cost, low energy consumption and the like, and has a wide engineering application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a system for testing impact performance of a material or a structure, in particular to a drop hammer impact test system, and belongs to the technical field of mechanical engineering.
Background
New materials such as composite materials, aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, fiber-metal hybrid laminates (FML) and the like are increasingly applied to equipment such as airplanes, high-speed rails, automobiles, engineering machinery and the like. Dynamic impact loading is a condition that must be considered when designing the components of these devices, and therefore impact resistance becomes a mechanical property that must be tested. At present, the dynamic impact performance test methods of materials and structures mainly comprise pendulum impact, drop hammer impact, drop impact and the like. The drop hammer impact method has the advantages that the impact energy is easy to control, and the sample is convenient to place, so that the drop hammer impact method is widely applied to engineering. However, present drop hammer impact test platform exists that the structure is complicated, bulky, the cost is high scheduling problem, and when the sample was not run through, the tup probably took place the resilience phenomenon, and the tup of resilience can fall once more because of action of gravity, if on striking the sample, can cause uncontrollable overload, seriously influences the accuracy of test result, consequently need to develop and prevent secondary impact device, avoids the sample by secondary or impact many times. For example, patent publication No. CN112834155A discloses a magnetic suspension clamping support and method for preventing secondary impact in an impact test, by controlling the power of a magnetic suspension control system, a permanent magnet drives a test piece in a test piece fixing member to suspend for a certain distance without contacting with the bottom surface, and when a hammer head impacts the test piece, a data sensor acquires data which is fed back to the magnetic suspension control system, the magnetic force of an electromagnet is instantly reduced to the minimum, so that the test piece falls down, and the secondary impact of the test piece is avoided; the device needs to be additionally provided with a permanent magnet, an electromagnet, a magnetic suspension control system and the like, the system is complex in composition and high in cost, large electric energy needs to be consumed, and the device is not energy-saving and environment-friendly; in addition, the system stability is easily influenced by the interference of electromagnetic waves, and the maintenance is difficult; in addition, it should be noted that the testing device is obviously different from the practical engineering application environment of the parts, and the lower parts of the general engineering parts cannot be supported by magnetic suspension, so that the testing result is difficult to compare with the actual engineering working condition.
Disclosure of Invention
1. The purpose of the invention is as follows:
the invention aims to solve the problems in the background art, and provides a drop hammer impact test system which can be used for impact performance tests of various materials or structures and can prevent secondary impact caused by drop of a hammer after rebound.
2. The technical scheme is as follows:
the invention relates to a drop hammer impact test system, which comprises the following parts: the device comprises an upper cross beam, a left upright post, a height scale, a left slide rail, a slide rule, a secondary impact prevention left mechanism, a photoelectric door, a left bottom support beam, a left bottom longitudinal beam, a left base angle beam, an objective table upright post, a bottom plate, a lower cross beam, a right base angle beam, a right bottom longitudinal beam, a right bottom support beam, a secondary impact prevention right mechanism, a right upright post, a right slide rail, a hammer frame upper plate, a balancing weight, a screw rod, a hammer frame lower plate, a hammer head support, a sensor, a hammer head, a fixing clamp, an objective table top, a controller, a data acquisition system, a data storage system and a data processing and displaying system; the secondary impact prevention left mechanism consists of a coaming, an outer shaft sleeve, an upper baffle block, an inner shaft sleeve, a rotating shaft, a baffle plate and a lower baffle block; the relationship between them is: the upper cross beam, the left upright post, the left bottom longitudinal beam, the right bottom longitudinal beam and the right upright post are fixedly connected through bolts, and a main body frame structure of the drop hammer impact testing machine is formed together; the two left bottom supporting beams are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the left upright post, are fixedly connected to the left upright post and the left bottom longitudinal beam through bolts and are in the form of diagonal draw bars; the two right bottom support beams are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the right upright post, are fixedly connected with the right upright post and the right bottom longitudinal beam through bolts and are in a diagonal draw bar form; the lower cross beam is fixedly connected between the left bottom longitudinal beam and the right bottom longitudinal beam through bolts; the two photoelectric doors are symmetrically arranged on the left and right upright posts and are positioned below the secondary impact left mechanism and the secondary impact right prevention mechanism, and the height from the carrying table top is the sum of the distance between the upper surface of the upper plate of the hammer frame and the lower end point of the hammer head and the width of a sliding ruler which is twice of the distance; the upper end and the lower end of the left sliding rail and the right sliding rail are provided with threads and are arranged between the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam, and the upper end and the lower end are screwed and positioned through nuts; the hammer frame upper plate and the hammer frame lower plate are arranged on the left sliding rail and the right sliding rail through flange ball bearings and can freely slide on the two sliding rails; the hammer head support is positioned on the lower surface of the lower plate of the hammer frame, and the sensor is rotationally fixed on the hammer head support through threads and then connected with the hammer head through threads; the counter weight block is positioned between the upper plate of the hammer frame and the lower plate of the hammer frame, and the weight of the drop hammer is changed by increasing or decreasing the number of the configuration blocks; the hammer frame upper plate and the hammer frame lower plate are connected through a screw rod; the left base corner beam is fixedly connected with the left bottom longitudinal beam and the objective table upright post through bolts; the right base corner beam is fixedly connected with the right bottom longitudinal beam and the objective table upright post through bolts; the sliding ruler is fixedly connected to the left side and the right side of the upper plate of the hammer frame; the height scale is fixedly connected with the inner side of the left upright post; the secondary impact prevention left mechanism is fixedly connected to the left upright post; the secondary impact prevention right mechanism is fixedly connected to the right upright post;
during impact test, firstly, a test sample piece is placed on a carrying table top, and the sample piece is fixed through four fixing clamps; then, electromagnets in the secondary impact prevention left mechanism and the secondary impact prevention right mechanism are electrified, the baffle is pushed to stand, and the baffle is sucked by the baffle block; calculating the gravitational potential energy of the drop hammer according to the impact energy, further obtaining the drop height and the weight of the drop hammer, and installing a balancing weight; lifting the drop hammer to a specified height, releasing the drop hammer, and then falling along the slide rail to move in a free falling body manner so as to perform impact test on a sample on the surface of the objective table; when the sliding ruler passes through the photoelectric door, laser is blocked, the test system is triggered, the controller sends a power-off control signal to an electromagnetic field in the stop block, the electromagnet loses power and loses magnetism, the stop block falls down, meanwhile, the data acquisition system receives the trigger signal, calculates the speed of the falling hammer according to the time length of the blocked laser, starts to acquire the impact force and the impact acceleration data of the sensor on the hammer head, transmits the impact force and the impact acceleration data to the data storage system for storage, and obtains and displays an impact force-time curve, an impact force peak value, impact kinetic energy and impact speed through the filtering processing of the data processing and display system; if the sample is pierced or penetrated by the hammer head, the hammer head cannot bounce, and the test is finished; if the sample is not broken, the hammer rebounds, the sliding ruler jacks the baffle plates, and the sliding ruler is blocked by the two baffle plates in the secondary impact prevention left mechanism and the secondary impact prevention right mechanism when the drop hammer falls again, so that the secondary impact is avoided; finally, opening the fixing clamp and taking down the sample;
the upper cross beam, the left upright post, the left bottom supporting beam, the left bottom longitudinal beam, the right bottom supporting beam and the right upright post are concave channel steel, and anti-skidding vibration-damping rubber pads are arranged on the bottom surfaces of the left bottom longitudinal beam and the right bottom longitudinal beam;
the lower cross beam is of a box-shaped structure, the lower surface of the lower cross beam is open, the upper surface of the lower cross beam is closed, through holes for connecting the left end and the right end with the left bottom longitudinal beam and the right bottom longitudinal beam are formed in the left end and the right end of the lower cross beam, and through holes for mounting the left guide rail and the right guide rail are formed in the upper surface of the lower cross beam;
the secondary impact prevention left mechanism is the same as the secondary impact prevention right mechanism in structure, is symmetrically arranged on a left stand column and a right stand column of the drop hammer impact tester in a left-right mode, is welded or fixed on the stand columns through a coaming, and is provided with an outer shaft sleeve at the lower edge; the rotating shaft penetrates through the outer shaft sleeve and the inner shaft sleeve; the inner shaft sleeve is positioned at the edge of the baffle plate; the baffle rotates around the rotating shaft, and the upper stop block and the lower stop block limit the position of the baffle; the upper stop block is an electromagnet and is controlled by the controller, and the upper stop block adsorbs the baffle when the electromagnet is electrified, so that the baffle is kept in a standing state, and a hammer head can smoothly pass through the baffle; when the electromagnet is powered off, the baffle plate rotates around the rotating shaft to fall down and is in a falling state, and the lower baffle plate limits the baffle plate to continue to rotate downwards; when the hammer rebounds, the sliding ruler jacks the baffle, and when the hammer falls down again, the sliding ruler can be blocked by the baffle, so that secondary impact on the sample is avoided; the baffle is formed by compounding rubber and a steel plate, and the upper surface of the baffle except the contact area with the upper baffle is provided with a rubber coating, so that the impact of the slide ruler on the baffle can be buffered, and the drop hammer stops vibrating as soon as possible;
the photoelectric door is a laser sensor and serves as a trigger of the invention, the sliding ruler passes through the photoelectric door, a laser beam is blocked, the timer starts to work, and the impact speed of the drop hammer is calculated according to the width of the sliding ruler and the light blocking time; when the laser of the photoelectric door is blocked, the controller sends a power-off signal to the electromagnet of the upper stop block;
the fixing clamps are fixed on the object carrying table top through screws, the four fixing clamps clamp one sample plate to enable the sample plate to be fixed on the object carrying table top, and the clamping surfaces of the fixing clamps are provided with patterns or coated with anti-skid materials so as to improve the friction force during clamping and fixing;
the object carrying table top is made of a high-strength steel plate, is quenched to improve rigidity and strength and prevent deformation after multiple impacts, the middle of the object carrying table top is provided with a rectangular hole serving as a drop hammer impact area, the lower part of the object carrying table top is supported by four object carrying table upright columns, a bottom plate is positioned below the four object carrying table upright columns, and the four object carrying table upright columns are connected through welding; an antiskid vibration-damping rubber pad is arranged under the bottom plate.
3. The invention provides a drop hammer impact test system, which has the following progress and advantages compared with the prior art:
(1) The test system is simple in composition, convenient to operate, low in cost, convenient to install and disassemble and convenient to transport.
(2) The impact energy is convenient to adjust, the energy consumption of the test system is low, the structure is firm, and the service life is long.
(3) The test device has the advantages of preventing secondary impact, having high response speed, avoiding the sample from being impacted for many times, and improving the accuracy of test.
In a word, the invention is a drop hammer impact test system which is convenient to operate, easy to manufacture, install and disassemble, low in cost and low in energy consumption, and can be used for impact performance tests of various materials or structures such as engineering plastics, fiber reinforced composites, aluminum alloys and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional axial schematic view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the secondary impact prevention device of the present invention in a standing state.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the secondary impact prevention device of the present invention in a laid-down state.
The symbols in the figures are as follows:
1-upper beam, 2-left column, 3-height scale, 4-left slide rail, 5-slide rule, 6-secondary impact prevention left mechanism, 7-photoelectric door, 8-left bottom support beam, 9-left bottom longitudinal beam, 10-left base angle beam, 11-objective table column, 12-bottom plate, 13-lower beam, 14-right base angle beam, 15-right bottom longitudinal beam, 16-right bottom support beam, 17-secondary impact prevention right mechanism, 18-right column, 19-right slide rail, 20-upper hammer frame plate, 21-counterweight, 22-screw, 23-lower hammer frame plate, 24-hammer head support, 25-sensor, 26-hammer head, 27-fixing clamp, 28-objective table surface, 29-controller, 30-data acquisition system, 31-data storage system, 32-data processing and display system, 601-controller, 602-outer shaft sleeve, 603-upper baffle, 604-inner shaft sleeve, 606-rotation shaft sleeve, 606-baffle, 605-lower baffle.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in the attached drawings, the drop hammer impact test system comprises the following parts: the device comprises an upper cross beam 1, a left upright post 2, a height scale 3, a left slide rail 4, a slide rule 5, a secondary impact prevention left mechanism 6, a photoelectric door 7, a left bottom support beam 8, a left bottom longitudinal beam 9, a left base corner beam 10, an objective table upright post 11, a bottom plate 12, a lower cross beam 13, a right base corner beam 14, a right bottom longitudinal beam 15, a right bottom support beam 16, a secondary impact prevention right mechanism 17, a right upright post 18, a right slide rail 19, a hammer frame upper plate 20, a balancing weight 21, a screw rod 22, a hammer frame lower plate 23, a hammer head support 24, a sensor 25, a hammer head 26, a fixing clamp 27, an objective table top 28, a controller 29, a data acquisition system 30, a data storage system 31 and a data processing and displaying system 32; the secondary impact prevention left mechanism 6 comprises a coaming 601, an outer shaft sleeve 602, an upper stop block 603, an inner shaft sleeve 604, a rotating shaft 605, a stop block 606 and a lower stop block 607; the relationship between them is: the upper cross beam 1, the left upright post 2, the left bottom longitudinal beam 9, the right bottom longitudinal beam 15 and the right upright post 18 are fixedly connected through bolts, and a main body frame structure of the drop hammer impact testing machine is formed together; the two left bottom supporting beams 8 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the left upright post 2, are fixedly connected to the left upright post 2 and the left bottom longitudinal beam 9 through bolts and are in the form of diagonal braces; the two right bottom support beams 16 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the right upright post 18, are fixedly connected with the right upright post 18 and the right bottom longitudinal beam 15 through bolts and are in the form of diagonal draw bars; the lower cross beam 13 is fixedly connected between the left bottom longitudinal beam 9 and the right bottom longitudinal beam 15 through bolts; the two photoelectric doors 7 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right upright posts and are positioned below the secondary impact left mechanism 6 and the secondary impact right prevention mechanism 17, and the height from the carrying table top 28 is the distance between the upper surface of the upper plate 20 of the hammer frame and the lower end point of the hammer head 26 plus two times of the width of the slide rule 5; the upper end and the lower end of the left sliding rail 4 and the right sliding rail 19 are provided with threads and are arranged between the upper cross beam 1 and the lower cross beam 13, and the upper end and the lower end are screwed and positioned through nuts; the hammer frame upper plate 20 and the hammer frame lower plate 23 are arranged on the left slide rail 4 and the right slide rail 19 through flange ball bearings and can freely slide on the two slide rails; the hammer head support 24 is positioned on the lower surface of the hammer frame lower plate 23, and the sensor 25 is rotationally fixed on the hammer head support 24 through threads and then connected with the hammer head 26 through threads; the counter weight 21 is positioned between the hammer frame upper plate 20 and the hammer frame lower plate 23, and the weight of the drop hammer is changed by increasing or decreasing the number of the configuration blocks; the hammer frame upper plate 20 and the hammer frame lower plate 23 are connected through a screw 22; the left base corner beam 10 is fixedly connected with the left bottom longitudinal beam 9 and the objective table upright post 11 through bolts; the right base angle beam 14 is fixedly connected with the right bottom longitudinal beam 15 and the objective table upright post 11 through bolts; the sliding ruler 5 is fixedly connected to the left side and the right side of the hammer frame upper plate 20; the height scale 3 is fixedly connected with the inner side of the left upright post 2; the secondary impact prevention left mechanism 6 is fixedly connected to the left upright post 2; the secondary impact prevention right mechanism 17 is fixedly connected to the right upright post 18;
the upper cross beam 1, the left upright post 2, the left bottom support beam 8, the left bottom longitudinal beam 9, the right bottom longitudinal beam 15, the right bottom support beam 16 and the right upright post 18 are concave channel steel, and anti-skidding vibration-damping rubber pads are arranged on the bottom surfaces of the left bottom longitudinal beam 9 and the right bottom longitudinal beam 15;
the lower cross beam 13 is of a box-shaped structure, the lower surface of the lower cross beam is open, the upper surface of the lower cross beam is closed, through holes for connecting the left and right bottom longitudinal beams are formed in the left and right ends of the lower cross beam, and through holes for mounting the left and right guide rails are formed in the upper surface of the lower cross beam;
the secondary impact prevention left mechanism 6 is the same as the secondary impact prevention right mechanism 17 in structure, is symmetrically arranged on left and right upright posts of the drop hammer impact tester in a left-right mode, is welded or fixed on the upright posts through a coaming 601 through bolts, and is provided with an outer shaft sleeve 602 at the lower edge of the coaming 601; the rotating shaft 605 passes through the outer sleeve 602 and the inner sleeve 604; the inner sleeve 604 is located at the edge of the baffle 606; the baffle 606 rotates around the rotating shaft 605, and the upper stop block 603 and the lower stop block 607 limit the position of the baffle 606; the upper stop block 603 is an electromagnet and is controlled by the controller 29, when the electromagnet is electrified, the upper stop block 603 adsorbs the baffle 606, so that the baffle 606 is kept in a standing state, and a hammer head can smoothly pass through; when the electromagnet is powered off, the baffle 606 rotates around the rotating shaft 605 to fall down and is in a falling state, and the lower baffle 607 limits the baffle 606 to continue to rotate downwards; when the hammer rebounds, the sliding ruler 5 pushes the baffle 606 open, and when the hammer falls down again, the sliding ruler 5 can be blocked by the baffle 606, so that secondary impact on the sample is avoided; the baffle 606 is formed by compounding rubber and a steel plate, and the upper surface except the contact area with the upper baffle 603 is provided with a rubber coating, so that the impact of the slide rule 5 on the baffle can be buffered, and the drop hammer stops vibrating as soon as possible;
the photoelectric door 7 is a laser sensor and serves as a trigger of the invention, the sliding ruler 5 passes through the photoelectric door 7, a laser beam is blocked, the timer starts to work, and the impact speed of the drop hammer is calculated according to the width of the sliding ruler 5 and the light blocking time; when the laser of the photoelectric door 7 is blocked, the controller 29 sends a power-off signal to the electromagnet of the upper stopper 603;
the fixing clamps 27 are fixed on the object carrying table top 28 through screws, the four fixing clamps 27 clamp one sample plate to enable the sample plate to be fixed on the object carrying table top 28, and the clamping surfaces of the fixing clamps 27 are provided with patterns or coated with anti-skid materials so as to improve the friction force during clamping and fixing;
the object carrying table top 28 is made of a high-strength steel plate, is quenched to improve rigidity and strength and prevent deformation after multiple impacts, is provided with a rectangular hole in the middle as a drop hammer impact area, is supported by four object carrying table upright columns 11 at the lower part, and is connected with a bottom plate 12 below the four object carrying table upright columns 11 through welding; an antiskid vibration-damping rubber pad is arranged below the bottom plate 12;
when the invention is used for testing, firstly, a test sample piece is placed on the carrying table top 28, and the sample piece is fixed through four fixing clamps 27; then, the electromagnets in the secondary impact prevention left mechanism 6 and the secondary impact prevention right mechanism 17 are electrified, the baffle 606 is shifted to be upright, and the baffle 606 is sucked by the stop block 603; calculating the gravitational potential energy of the drop hammer according to the impact energy, further obtaining the drop height and the weight of the drop hammer, and installing a balancing weight 21; lifting the drop hammer to a specified height, releasing the drop hammer, and then falling along the slide rail in a free-falling motion manner to perform impact test on the sample on the stage surface 28; when the slide rule 5 passes through the photoelectric door 7, laser is blocked, the test system is triggered, the controller sends a power-off control signal to an electromagnetic field in the stop block 603, the electromagnet loses power and loses magnetism, the stop 606 falls, meanwhile, the data acquisition system 30 receives the trigger signal, calculates the speed of a falling hammer according to the time length of the laser blocking, starts to acquire the impact force and the impact acceleration data of the sensor 25 on the hammer head, transmits the impact force and the impact acceleration data to the data storage system 31 for storage, and obtains and displays an impact force-time curve, an impact force peak value, impact kinetic energy and impact speed through the filtering processing of the data processing and display system 32; if the sample is pierced or penetrated by the hammer head, the hammer head cannot bounce, and the test is finished; if the sample is not broken, the hammer rebounds, the slide rule 5 pushes the baffle 606 open, and when the drop hammer falls again, the slide rule 5 is blocked by the two baffles 606 in the secondary impact prevention left mechanism 6 and the secondary impact prevention right mechanism 17, so that the occurrence of secondary impact is avoided; finally, the fixing clip 27 is opened and the sample is taken off.
The present invention has been described in terms of specific embodiments, but is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions obtained by using similar structures and alternative materials according to the idea of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a drop hammer impact test system which characterized in that: the device comprises an upper cross beam, a left upright post, a height scale, a left slide rail, a slide rule, a secondary impact prevention left mechanism, a photoelectric door, a left bottom supporting beam, a left bottom longitudinal beam, a left base angle beam, an objective table upright post, a bottom plate, a lower cross beam, a right base angle beam, a right bottom longitudinal beam, a right bottom supporting beam, a secondary impact prevention right mechanism, a right upright post, a right slide rail, a hammer frame upper plate, a balancing weight, a screw rod, a hammer frame lower plate, a hammer head support, a sensor, a hammer head, a fixing clamp, an objective table top, a controller, a data acquisition system, a data storage system and a data processing and displaying system; the secondary impact prevention left mechanism consists of a coaming, an outer shaft sleeve, an upper baffle, an inner shaft sleeve, a rotating shaft, a baffle and a lower baffle; the relationship between them is: the upper cross beam, the left upright post, the left bottom longitudinal beam, the right bottom longitudinal beam and the right upright post are fixedly connected through bolts, and a main body frame structure of the drop hammer impact testing machine is formed together; the two left bottom supporting beams are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the left upright post, are fixedly connected to the left upright post and the left bottom longitudinal beam through bolts and are in the form of diagonal draw bars; the two right bottom support beams are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the right upright post, are fixedly connected with the right upright post and the right bottom longitudinal beam through bolts and are in a diagonal draw bar form; the lower cross beam is fixedly connected between the left bottom longitudinal beam and the right bottom longitudinal beam through bolts; the two photoelectric doors are symmetrically arranged on the left and right upright posts and are positioned below the secondary impact left mechanism and the secondary impact right prevention mechanism, and the height from the carrying table top is the sum of the distance between the upper surface of the upper plate of the hammer frame and the lower end point of the hammer head and the width of a sliding ruler which is twice of the distance; the upper end and the lower end of the left sliding rail and the right sliding rail are provided with threads and are arranged between the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam, and the upper end and the lower end are screwed and positioned through nuts; the hammer frame upper plate and the hammer frame lower plate are arranged on the left sliding rail and the right sliding rail through flange ball bearings and can freely slide on the two sliding rails; the hammer head support is positioned on the lower surface of the lower plate of the hammer frame, and the sensor is rotationally fixed on the hammer head support through threads and then connected with the hammer head through threads; the counter weight block is positioned between the upper plate of the hammer frame and the lower plate of the hammer frame, and the weight of the drop hammer is changed by increasing or decreasing the number of the configuration blocks; the upper plate of the hammer frame and the lower plate of the hammer frame are connected through a screw; the left base corner beam is fixedly connected with the left bottom longitudinal beam and the objective table upright post through bolts; the right base corner beam is fixedly connected with the right bottom longitudinal beam and the objective table upright post through bolts; the sliding ruler is fixedly connected to the left side and the right side of the upper plate of the hammer frame; the height scale is fixedly connected to the inner side of the left upright post; the secondary impact prevention left mechanism is fixedly connected to the left upright post; the secondary impact prevention right mechanism is fixedly connected to the right upright post;
the upper cross beam, the left upright post, the left bottom supporting beam, the left bottom longitudinal beam, the right bottom supporting beam and the right upright post are concave channel steel, and anti-skidding vibration-damping rubber pads are arranged on the bottom surfaces of the left bottom longitudinal beam and the right bottom longitudinal beam;
the lower cross beam is of a box-shaped structure, the lower surface of the lower cross beam is open, the upper surface of the lower cross beam is closed, through holes for connecting the left and right bottom longitudinal beams are formed in the left and right ends of the lower cross beam, and through holes for mounting the left and right guide rails are formed in the upper surface of the lower cross beam;
the secondary impact prevention left mechanism is the same as the secondary impact prevention right mechanism in structure, is symmetrically arranged on a left stand column and a right stand column of the drop hammer impact tester in a left-right mode, is welded or fixed on the stand columns through a coaming, and is provided with an outer shaft sleeve at the lower edge; the rotating shaft penetrates through the outer shaft sleeve and the inner shaft sleeve; the inner shaft sleeve is positioned at the edge of the baffle plate; the baffle rotates around the rotating shaft, and the upper stop block and the lower stop block limit the position of the baffle; the upper stop block is an electromagnet and is controlled by the controller, and the upper stop block adsorbs the baffle when the electromagnet is electrified, so that the baffle is kept in a standing state, and a hammer head can smoothly pass through the baffle; when the electromagnet is powered off, the baffle plate rotates around the rotating shaft to fall down and is in a falling state, and the lower baffle plate limits the baffle plate to continue to rotate downwards; when the hammer rebounds, the slide rule props the baffle open, and when the hammer falls down again, the slide rule can be blocked by the baffle, so that secondary impact on the sample is avoided; the baffle is formed by compounding rubber and a steel plate, and the rubber coating is arranged on the upper surface except the contact area of the upper baffle and the upper baffle, so that the impact of the slide ruler on the baffle can be buffered, and the drop hammer stops vibrating as soon as possible;
the object carrying table top is made of a high-strength steel plate, is quenched to improve rigidity and strength and prevent deformation after multiple impacts, the middle of the object carrying table top is provided with a rectangular hole serving as a drop hammer impact area, the lower part of the object carrying table top is supported by four object carrying table stand columns, a bottom plate is positioned below the four object carrying table stand columns, and the four object carrying table stand columns are connected through welding; an antiskid vibration-damping rubber pad is arranged under the bottom plate.
2. The drop hammer impact test system of claim 1, wherein: during impact test, firstly, a test sample piece is placed on a carrying table top, and the sample piece is fixed through four fixing clamps; then, electromagnets in the secondary impact prevention left mechanism and the secondary impact prevention right mechanism are electrified, the baffle plate is stirred to be upright, and the baffle plate is sucked by the baffle block; calculating the gravitational potential energy of the drop hammer according to the impact energy, further obtaining the drop height and the weight of the drop hammer, and installing a balancing weight; lifting the drop hammer to a specified height, releasing the drop hammer, and then falling along the slide rail to move in a free falling body manner so as to perform impact test on a sample on the surface of the objective table; when the sliding ruler passes through the photoelectric door, laser is blocked, the test system is triggered, the controller sends a power-off control signal to an electromagnetic field in the stop block, the electromagnet loses power and loses magnetism, the stop block falls down, meanwhile, the data acquisition system receives the trigger signal, calculates the speed of the falling hammer according to the time length of the blocked laser, starts to acquire the impact force and the impact acceleration data of the sensor on the hammer head, transmits the impact force and the impact acceleration data to the data storage system for storage, and obtains and displays an impact force-time curve, an impact force peak value, impact kinetic energy and impact speed through the filtering processing of the data processing and display system; if the sample is pierced or penetrated by the hammer head, the hammer head cannot bounce, and the test is finished; if the sample is not broken, the hammer rebounds, the sliding ruler jacks the baffle plates, and the sliding ruler is blocked by the two baffle plates in the secondary impact prevention left mechanism and the secondary impact prevention right mechanism when the drop hammer falls again, so that the secondary impact is avoided; finally, the fixing clamp is opened, and the sample is taken down.
3. The drop hammer impact test system of claim 1, wherein: the photoelectric door is a laser sensor and serves as a trigger of the invention, the sliding ruler passes through the photoelectric door, the laser beam is blocked, the timer starts to work, and the impact speed of the drop hammer is calculated according to the width of the sliding ruler and the light blocking time; when the laser of the photoelectric door is blocked, the controller sends a power-off signal to the electromagnet of the upper stop block.
4. The drop hammer impact test system of claim 1, wherein: the fixing clamps are fixed on the surface of the object carrying table through screws, the four fixing clamps clamp a sample plate to enable the sample plate to be fixed on the surface of the object carrying table, and the clamping surfaces of the fixing clamps are provided with patterns or coated with anti-skid materials so as to improve the friction force during clamping and fixing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210973026.9A CN115308051B (en) | 2022-08-15 | Drop hammer impact test system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210973026.9A CN115308051B (en) | 2022-08-15 | Drop hammer impact test system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115308051A true CN115308051A (en) | 2022-11-08 |
| CN115308051B CN115308051B (en) | 2024-04-26 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115824846A (en) * | 2022-11-18 | 2023-03-21 | 邹平正伟铝业科技有限公司 | Testing arrangement for aluminum product impact resistance |
| CN116429603A (en) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-07-14 | 四川恒迪新材料集团有限公司 | SPC floor free falling impact resistance detection device and method |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115824846A (en) * | 2022-11-18 | 2023-03-21 | 邹平正伟铝业科技有限公司 | Testing arrangement for aluminum product impact resistance |
| CN116429603A (en) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-07-14 | 四川恒迪新材料集团有限公司 | SPC floor free falling impact resistance detection device and method |
| CN116429603B (en) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-08-29 | 四川恒迪新材料集团有限公司 | SPC floor free falling impact resistance detection device and method |
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