CN115307472A - Air heating type calcium circulation energy storage system and application method thereof - Google Patents
Air heating type calcium circulation energy storage system and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115307472A CN115307472A CN202210902237.3A CN202210902237A CN115307472A CN 115307472 A CN115307472 A CN 115307472A CN 202210902237 A CN202210902237 A CN 202210902237A CN 115307472 A CN115307472 A CN 115307472A
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/003—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using thermochemical reactions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/28—Moving reactors, e.g. rotary drums
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
- F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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Abstract
The invention provides an air heating type calcium circulation energy storage system and an application method thereof, wherein the air heating type calcium circulation energy storage system comprises an air heating device, a rotary ball milling energy storage device, a water circulation device and a steam Rankine power generation device; the air heating device comprises an air filter, a fan, an air preheater and a heater; the rotary ball-milling energy storage device comprises a CaO storage tank and Ca (OH) 2 A storage tank, a rotary ball milling reactor and a cyclone separator; the rotary ball milling reactor is provided with a solid particle feeding hole, a solid particle discharging hole, an air inlet and an air outlet; the circulating water device comprises a condensate pump, a water tank, a circulating water pump and a water processor; steaming foodThe steam Rankine power generation device comprises a steam Rankine turbine, a steam power generation heat exchanger, a steam power generation condenser, a steam power generation water pump and a steam power generation heater. The invention adopts air as the heating medium in the energy storage process, has low cost, easy acquisition and simple and convenient operation, improves the energy utilization rate and can solve the problem that the solar photo-thermal power station can not continuously and efficiently run for power generation.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of thermochemical energy storage, and particularly relates to an air heating type calcium circulation energy storage system and an application method thereof.
Background art:
under the background of carbon neutralization and carbon peak, the large-scale popularization of the utilization of renewable energy sources is urgent. Solar energy and wind energy are the fastest growing renewable energy sources in recent years, wherein solar energy is always leading in renewable energy power generation. However, most renewable energy sources such as solar energy and wind energy have intermittent and unstable characteristics, which make it difficult to supply energy continuously and stably. Therefore, research in the field of energy storage science is urgently needed, wherein high-temperature energy storage is an efficient and potential technology for solving the problems of intermittency and instability of renewable energy sources. The existing molten salt energy storage system has the defects of high cost, heat tracing, large volume and the like, and the thermochemical energy storage stores heat energy through reversible heat absorption and release reaction, so that the system has the remarkable advantages of high energy storage density, high reaction temperature, small long-term heat storage loss and the like, makes up the defects of other energy storage modes, and can effectively solve the problems of energy conversion, storage and regeneration. In many thermochemical energy storage systems, ca (OH) is used 2 The CaO material has the advantages of non-toxic calcium circulation, good safety, wide and cheap raw material sources, no side reaction and high reaction temperature (450-600 ℃), and has obvious advantages. Therefore, the calcium circulation system has very obvious advantages when being used in the field of medium-high temperature energy storage, and in addition, the calcium circulation energy storage system can be used for solar power generation and energy storage and can also be used in the fields of other renewable energy sources or peak clipping and valley filling. At present, the research on the energy storage of a calcium circulation system is still in a starting stage, and the coupling mode and the operation process of the calcium circulation energy storage and power generation system need further research so as to really realize commercial application and large-scale popularization of the calcium circulation energy storage and power generation system.
The invention content is as follows:
aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention combines a calcium cycle energy storage system and a steam Rankine power generation system, provides an air heating type calcium cycle energy storage system capable of continuously and stably operating, and effectively solves the problems of continuous solar power generation, peak clipping and valley filling and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the air heating type calcium circulation energy storage system comprises an air heating device, a rotary ball milling energy storage device, a circulating water device and a steam Rankine power generation device; the air heating device comprises an air filter, a fan, an air preheater and a heater; the rotary ball-milling energy storage device comprises a CaO storage tank and Ca (OH) 2 A storage tank, a rotary ball milling reactor and a cyclone separator; the rotary ball milling reactor is provided with a solid particle feeding hole, a solid particle discharging hole, an air inlet and an air outlet; the circulating water device comprises a condensate pump, a water tank, a circulating water pump and a water processor; the steam Rankine power generation device comprises a steam Rankine turbine, a steam power generation heat exchanger, a steam power generation condenser, a steam power generation water pump and a steam power generation heater; the air filter, the fan, the air preheater, the heater and the air inlet of the rotary ball-milling reactor are sequentially connected to form an air heating path; the air preheater comprises a first air preheater and a second air preheater which are connected in parallel, and the first air preheater and the second air preheater are respectively connected with the fan on one hand and the heater on the other hand; the air outlet of the rotary ball milling reactor, the cyclone separator, the second air preheater, the condensate pump and the water tank are sequentially connected through a pipeline, and the discharge port of the rotary ball milling reactor, the first air preheater and the CaO storage tank are sequentially connected to form an air preheating path; the Ca (OH) 2 The storage tank is connected with a feed inlet of the rotary ball-milling reactor, and a discharge outlet of the rotary ball-milling reactor is connected with the CaO storage tank to form an energy storage path; the CaO storage tank is connected with the feed inlet of the rotary ball-milling reactor, and the discharge outlet of the rotary ball-milling reactor is connected with Ca (OH) 2 The storage tanks are connected to form an energy release path; the water tank, the circulating water pump, the steam power generation heat exchanger, the heater and the air inlet of the rotary ball-milling reactor are sequentially connected to form a steam heating path; the gas outlet of the rotary ball milling reactor, the steam power generation heater, the water treatment device and the water tank are sequentially connected to form an energy-releasing power generation heat source path; the steam Rankine turbine, the steam power generation heat exchanger, the steam power generation condenser,The steam power generation water pump and the steam power generation heater are circularly and sequentially connected to form a power generation circulating path.
Furthermore, the rotary ball-milling energy storage device also comprises an energy storage heat exchanger; the energy storage heat exchanger is distributed between the CaO storage tank and the feed inlet of the rotary ball-milling reactor and is respectively connected with the CaO storage tank and the feed inlet pipeline of the rotary ball-milling reactor, and is distributed on the other hand on Ca (OH) 2 Between the storage tank and the discharge port of the rotary ball-milling reactor, ca (OH) is respectively mixed with 2 The storage tank is connected with a discharge port pipeline of the rotary ball-milling reactor; the energy storage heat exchanger is a powder heat exchanger.
Further, an air inlet of the cyclone separator is connected with an air outlet pipeline of the rotary ball-milling reactor; the air outlet of the cyclone separator is respectively connected with the second air preheater and the steam power generation heater through pipelines; the solid outlet of the cyclone separator, the first air preheater and Ca (OH) 2 The storage tanks are respectively connected by pipelines.
Furthermore, the rotary ball milling reactor is obliquely arranged, a reaction cavity is arranged in the rotary ball milling reactor, and a plurality of steel balls are arranged in the reaction cavity.
Further, the material of the rotary ball milling reactor is 314 stainless steel.
Further, ca (OH) 2 And feeding the solid particles and the CaO solid particles by adopting a screw conveying method.
The invention also provides an application method of the air heating type calcium circulation energy storage system, which comprises an energy storage stage and an energy release stage; the energy storage stage comprises an air heating path and an energy storage path; the energy release stage includes an energy release path, a steam heating path, an energy release power generation heat source path, and a power generation circulation path.
Further, the energy storage phase process is as follows: ca (OH) 2 Entering a rotary ball milling reactor for energy storage reaction; opening a fan, removing impurities from air through an air filter, entering a first air preheater and a second air preheater, and respectively preheating by high-temperature CaO from a discharge port of the rotary ball milling reactor and high-temperature gas from an air outlet of the rotary ball milling reactor; subsequently, the preheated air enters a heater to be heated to the reaction requirementTemperature, high temperature air enters the rotary ball milling reactor through the air inlet to heat Ca (OH) 2 So that the decomposition reaction is carried out to convert the heat energy into chemical energy; discharging a decomposition product CaO from a discharge hole, cooling the decomposition product CaO by a first air preheater, and then feeding the decomposition product CaO into a CaO storage tank; high-temperature gas is discharged from the gas outlet, solid impurities (CaO solid particles) in the high-temperature gas are separated through the cyclone separator, the separated CaO enters the CaO storage tank, the separated high-temperature gas enters the second air preheater for cooling, water vapor is condensed into liquid water, the liquid water enters the water tank under the action of the condensed water pump, and cold air is directly discharged.
Further, the energy release stage process comprises the following steps: caO enters a rotary ball milling reactor to carry out energy release reaction; water in the water tank enters a steam power generation heat exchanger through a circulating water pump, is preheated by exhaust steam from a steam Rankine turbine, and then enters a heater to be heated to the temperature required by energy release reaction; high-temperature water vapor enters the rotary ball milling reactor through the air inlet and reacts with CaO to generate Ca (OH) 2 Converting chemical energy into heat energy for release; high temperature Ca (OH) formed 2 Preheating CaO solid particles in an energy storage heat exchanger, cooling, and adding Ca (OH) 2 A storage tank; the high temperature water vapor carries the heat released by the reaction into a cyclone separator to remove the solid impurities (Ca (OH) 2 Solid particles), separated Ca (OH) 2 Into Ca (OH) 2 And the separated high-temperature gas enters a steam power generation heater to provide a heat source for power generation circulation, and finally the obtained purified water is stored in a water tank through a water processor.
Further, the energy is released for the first time to generate electricity, and the heat required for heating the water is completely provided by the heater when the steam Rankine turbine does not operate.
Further, the heater is not limited to a single heat source, and can be a plurality of sources such as electric heating and solar heat.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention utilizes a calcium circulation system to realize the storage and release of heat energy through reversible decomposition/synthesis reaction, air is taken as a heat exchange medium in an energy storage stage in the process, water vapor is taken as the heat exchange medium and a reaction medium in an energy release stage, and the used reactionThe reaction substance and various working media are materials which are low in cost and easy to obtain, and have the advantages of high energy storage density, small required space, small heat loss and the like; the calcium cycle energy storage system can realize continuous power supply by combining with a steam Rankine power generation device, and can be applied to renewable energy power generation energy storage or peak clipping and valley filling; simultaneously effective use of Ca (OH) 2 Decomposition reaction product H 2 Reaction waste heat carried by O, air and CaO particles is recycled by utilizing an air preheater, a heat exchanger and the like to recycle heat energy of each stage in the system, so that comprehensive graded utilization of the energy is realized, and the efficiency of an energy storage system is obviously improved;
2. the invention provides an air heating type calcium circulation energy storage method and hot air driving
Reversible reaction, the energy received being stored in the form of chemical energy in its decomposition products CaO and H 2 And (4) in O. The system has the characteristics of high energy storage density, high cycle efficiency, environmental friendliness, simple structure, flexible control of variable working conditions and reliable application, and can solve the problem that the solar thermal power station cannot continuously and efficiently operate for power generation;
3. according to the air heating type calcium circulation energy storage application system, the heat source of the adopted air heating device is not limited to a single heat source, and can be various heat sources such as electric heating and solar heat, so that the flexibility and the practicability of the system are improved;
4. the air heating type calcium circulation energy storage application system provided by the invention can regulate and control the energy storage and release by regulating and controlling the temperature and pressure of water vapor entering a reactor, namely Ca (OH) 2 CaO solid particle decomposition/synthesis reaction; the grade of the released heat energy is matched, and the heat energy released by the reaction is more efficiently utilized; the problem of low energy utilization rate caused by mismatching and nonuniformity of heat utilization caused by time or places is solved by the energy conversion utilization concept of thermal energy-chemical energy-thermal energy.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a general schematic diagram of the system workflow of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the energy storage phase of the system working process of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the energy release stage of the system workflow of the present invention.
The labels in the figures are:
1、Ca(OH) 2 a storage tank; 2. a CaO storage tank; 3. an energy storage heat exchanger; 4. a rotary ball milling reactor; 5. an air filter; 6. a fan; 7. a first air preheater; 8. a second air preheater; 9. a heater; 10. a cyclone separator; 11. a condensate pump; 12. a water tank; 13. the circulating water pump; 14. a steam power generation heat exchanger; 15. a steam power generation condenser; 16. a steam power generation water pump; 17. a water treatment device; 18. a steam power generation heater; 19. a steam Rankine turbine.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an embodiment of the invention provides an air heating type calcium circulation energy storage system, which comprises an air heating device, a rotary ball milling energy storage device, a circulating water device and a steam rankine power generation device.
The air heating device comprises an air filter 5, a fan 6, an air preheater and a heater 9; the air preheater comprises a first air preheater 7 and a second air preheater 8 which are connected in parallel, and the first air preheater 7 and the second air preheater 8 are respectively connected with the fan 6 on one hand and the heater 9 on the other hand; the circulating water device comprises a condensate pump 11, a water tank 12, a circulating water pump 13 and a water processor 17. The steam Rankine power generation device comprises a steam Rankine turbine 19, a steam power generation heat exchanger 14, a steam power generation condenser 15, a steam power generation water pump 16 and a steam Rankine power generation deviceA steam-electric power-generating heater 18; the rotary ball-milling energy storage device comprises a CaO storage tank 2 and Ca (OH) 2 A storage tank 1, a rotary ball-milling reactor 4 and a cyclone separator 10; the rotary ball milling reactor 4 is provided with a solid particle feeding hole, a solid particle discharging hole, an air inlet and an air outlet, and the rotary ball milling reactor 4 adopts a ball milling rotary mode to ensure that solid particles fully move and uniformly heat in the reactor; a plurality of steel balls are arranged in the rotary ball-milling reactor 4, and the function of the rotary ball-milling reactor is to crush particle groups possibly existing after high-temperature reaction, reduce agglomeration and sintering and fully react solid particles; the rotary ball-milling reactor 4 is made of 314 stainless steel materials so as to meet the requirements of the particularity of medium-high temperature energy storage on the safety, reliability, maintainability, manufacturability and the like of the system.
Wherein, the air filter 5, the fan 6, the air preheater, the heater 9 and the air inlet of the rotary ball-milling reactor 4 are connected in sequence to form an air heating path.
The air outlet of the rotary ball milling reactor 4, the cyclone separator 10, the second air preheater 8, the condensate pump 11 and the water tank 12 are sequentially connected through pipelines, and the discharge port of the rotary ball milling reactor 4, the first air preheater 7 and the CaO storage tank 2 are sequentially connected through pipelines to form an air preheating path.
The Ca (OH) 2 The storage tank 1 is connected with a feed inlet of the rotary ball-milling reactor 4, and a discharge outlet of the rotary ball-milling reactor 4 is connected with the CaO storage tank 2 to form an energy storage path.
Preferably, the rotary ball-milling energy storage device further comprises an energy storage heat exchanger 3, the energy storage heat exchanger 3 is a powder heat exchanger, the energy storage heat exchanger 3 is distributed between the feed inlets of the CaO storage tank 2 and the rotary ball-milling reactor 4 on one hand, and is respectively connected with the feed inlets of the CaO storage tank 2 and the rotary ball-milling reactor 4 through pipelines, and is distributed on the other hand at Ca (OH) 2 Between the storage tank 1 and the discharge port of the rotary ball-milling reactor 4, ca (OH) is respectively connected 2 The storage tank 1 is connected with a discharge port pipeline of the rotary ball-milling reactor 4 to discharge CaO and preheat Ca (OH) 2 Feeding and recycling reaction waste heat.
The energy storage mode provides required heat for the reaction through the air preheating path and the air heating path and stores the heat in the reactants.
The CaO storage tank 2 is connected with a feed inlet of the rotary ball-milling reactor 4, and a discharge outlet of the rotary ball-milling reactor 4 is connected with Ca (OH) 2 The tanks 1 are connected to form a discharge path.
The water tank 12, the circulating water pump 13, the steam power generation heat exchanger 14, the heater 9 and the air inlet of the rotary ball-milling reactor 4 are sequentially connected to form a steam heating path.
The gas outlet of the rotary ball milling reactor 4, the steam power generation heater 18, the water treater 17 and the water tank 12 are connected in sequence to form an energy-releasing power generation heat source path.
The steam rankine turbine 19, the steam power generation heat exchanger 14, the steam power generation condenser 15, the steam power generation water pump 16, and the steam power generation heater 18 are connected in this order to form a power generation circulation path.
The energy release mode provides reaction temperature for the reactor through a steam heating path and provides a heat source required by power generation for a power generation cycle through an energy release power generation heat source path.
Preferably, the air inlet of the cyclone separator 10 is connected with the air outlet pipeline of the rotary ball-milling reactor 4; the air outlet of the cyclone separator 10 is respectively connected with the second air preheater 8 and the steam power generation heater 18 through pipelines; the solids outlet of the cyclone 10 is connected to a first air preheater 7 and Ca (OH) 2 The storage tanks 1 are respectively connected with pipelines to separate gas and solid particles at a reaction outlet.
In this system, ca (OH) 2 And feeding the solid particles and the CaO solid particles by adopting a spiral conveying method.
The principle and the application method of the invention are as follows:
the working process of the invention comprises an energy storage stage and an energy release stage, wherein the energy storage stage comprises an air heating path, an air preheating path and an energy storage path; the energy release stage includes a steam heating path, an energy release power generation heat source path, and a power generation circulation path.
Specifically, the material selected by the calcium circulation energy storage system of the system is Ca (OH) 2 CaO storing and releasing energy through mutual conversion between heat energy and chemical energy, wherein the energy storing chemical reaction process and the energy releasing chemical reaction process returnIs realized in a rotary ball mill reactor 4. Operating the energy storage mode, ca (OH), when electrical energy or other heat sources are abundant 2 The solid particles and the preheated and heated high-temperature air are subjected to decomposition reaction in the rotary ball-milling reactor 4, heat is absorbed in the process, and the heat is stored in decomposition products CaO and H in the form of chemical energy 2 And (4) in O. When power generation is required, caO and H 2 O is subjected to synthetic reaction, caO and H are reacted 2 The chemical energy stored in the O is converted into heat energy and released to drive the power generation cycle.
The energy storage stage:
referring to FIG. 2, ca (OH) 2 The waste gas enters a rotary ball milling reactor 4 for energy storage reaction, a fan 6 is turned on, air enters an air filter under the action of the fan 6 to remove impurities, and then enters a first air preheater 7 and a second air preheater 8 to be respectively preheated by high-temperature CaO at a discharge port of the rotary ball milling reactor 4 and high-temperature gas at an air outlet of the rotary ball milling reactor 4, so that the heat is fully utilized; subsequently, the preheated air is heated to the temperature required for the reaction by entering the heater 9. The heater 9 is not limited to a single heat source, and may be a plurality of sources such as electric heating and solar heat. High-temperature air enters the rotary ball milling reactor 4 through the air inlet to heat Ca (OH) 2 So that the decomposition reaction is carried out to convert the heat energy into chemical energy; discharging a decomposition product CaO from a discharge hole, cooling the decomposition product CaO by a first air preheater 7, and then entering a CaO storage tank 2; the high-temperature gas is discharged from the gas outlet, solid impurities (CaO solid particles) in the high-temperature gas are separated through the cyclone separator 10, the separated CaO enters the CaO storage tank 2, the separated high-temperature gas enters the second air preheater 8 for cooling, the water vapor is condensed into liquid water, the liquid water enters the water tank 12 under the action of the condensed water pump 11, and the cold air is directly discharged.
(II) energy release stage:
referring to FIG. 3, caO enters a rotary ball milling reactor 4 to carry out energy release reaction; the water in the water tank 12 enters a steam power generation heat exchanger 14 through a circulating water pump 13, is preheated by exhaust steam from a steam Rankine turbine 19, and then enters a heater 9 to be heated to the temperature required by the energy release reaction; the primary energy release power generation, and the heat required for heating water can be completely provided by the heater 9 when the steam Rankine device is not operated. Height ofThe warm water vapor enters the rotary ball milling reactor 4 through the air inlet and reacts with CaO to generate Ca (OH) 2 Converting chemical energy into heat energy for release; high temperature Ca (OH) generated 2 Enters an energy storage heat exchanger 3 to preheat CaO solid particles, and enters Ca (OH) after being cooled 2 A storage tank 1; the high temperature water vapor carries the heat released by the reaction into the cyclone 10, which removes the solid impurities (Ca (OH) therein 2 Solid particles), separated Ca (OH) 2 Into Ca (OH) 2 The separated high-temperature gas enters the steam power generation heater 18 in the storage tank 1 to provide a heat source for power generation circulation, and finally the obtained purified water is stored in the water tank 12 through the water processor 17.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and decorations without departing from the principle of the present invention should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An air heating type calcium circulation energy storage system is characterized in that,
the system comprises an air heating device, a rotary ball-milling energy storage device, a circulating water device and a steam Rankine power generation device;
the air heating device comprises an air filter (5), a fan (6), an air preheater and a heater (9);
the rotary ball-milling energy storage device comprises a CaO storage tank (2) and Ca (OH) 2 A storage tank (1), a rotary ball milling reactor (4) and a cyclone separator (10); the rotary ball milling reactor (4) is provided with a solid particle feeding hole, a solid particle discharging hole, an air inlet and an air outlet;
the circulating water device comprises a condensed water pump (11), a water tank (12), a circulating water pump (13) and a water processor (17);
the steam Rankine power generation device comprises a steam Rankine turbine (19), a steam power generation heat exchanger (14), a steam power generation condenser (15), a steam power generation water pump (16) and a steam power generation heater (18);
the air filter (5), the fan (6), the air preheater, the heater (9) and an air inlet of the rotary ball-milling reactor (4) are sequentially connected to form an air heating path; the air preheater comprises a first air preheater (7) and a second air preheater (8) which are connected in parallel, wherein the first air preheater (7) and the second air preheater (8) are respectively connected with the fan (6) on one hand and the heater (9) on the other hand;
the air outlet of the rotary ball milling reactor (4), the cyclone separator (10), the second air preheater (8), the condensate pump (11) and the water tank (12) are sequentially connected through a pipeline, and the discharge hole of the rotary ball milling reactor (4), the first air preheater (7) and the CaO storage tank (2) are sequentially connected to form an air preheating path;
the Ca (OH) 2 The storage tank (1) is connected with a feed inlet of the rotary ball milling reactor (4), and a discharge outlet of the rotary ball milling reactor (4) is connected with the CaO storage tank (2) to form an energy storage path; the CaO storage tank (2) is connected with the feed inlet of the rotary ball-milling reactor (4), the discharge outlet of the rotary ball-milling reactor (4) is connected with Ca (OH) 2 The storage tanks (1) are connected to form an energy release path;
the water tank (12), the circulating water pump (13), the steam power generation heat exchanger (14), the heater (9) and the air inlet of the rotary ball-milling reactor (4) are sequentially connected to form a steam heating path;
the gas outlet of the rotary ball milling reactor (4), the steam power generation heater (18), the water treater (17) and the water tank (12) are sequentially connected to form an energy-releasing power generation heat source path;
the steam Rankine turbine (19), the steam power generation heat exchanger (14), the steam power generation condenser (15), the steam power generation water pump (16) and the steam power generation heater (18) are circularly and sequentially connected to form a power generation circulation path.
2. An air heating type calcium cycle energy storage system according to claim 1,
the rotary ball-milling energy storage device also comprises an energy storage heat exchanger (3);
the energy storage heat exchanger (3) is distributed between the CaO storage tank (2) and the feed inlet of the rotary ball-milling reactor (4) on the one hand and is respectively communicated with the CaO storage tank (2) and the feed inlet pipe of the rotary ball-milling reactor (4)The channels are connected, and on the other hand are distributed in Ca (OH) 2 Between the storage tank (1) and the discharge port of the rotary ball milling reactor (4), ca (OH) is respectively connected 2 The storage tank (1) is connected with a discharge port pipeline of the rotary ball-milling reactor (4); the energy storage heat exchanger (3) is a powder heat exchanger.
3. An air heating type calcium circulation energy storage system according to claim 1,
the air inlet of the cyclone separator (10) is connected with the air outlet pipeline of the rotary ball-milling reactor (4); the air outlet of the cyclone separator (10) is respectively connected with the second air preheater (8) and the steam power generation heater (18) through pipelines; the solid outlet of the cyclone separator (10) is connected with the first air preheater (7) and Ca (OH) 2 The storage tanks (1) are respectively connected by pipelines.
4. An air heating type calcium circulation energy storage system according to claim 1,
the rotary ball-milling reactor (4) is obliquely arranged, a reaction cavity is arranged in the rotary ball-milling reactor, and a plurality of steel balls are arranged in the reaction cavity.
5. An air heating type calcium circulation energy storage system according to claim 1,
the material of the rotary ball milling reactor (4) is 314 stainless steel.
6. An air heating type calcium circulation energy storage system according to claim 1,
Ca(OH) 2 and feeding the solid particles and the CaO solid particles by adopting a screw conveying method.
7. The method for using an air-heated calcium cycle energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
comprises an energy storage stage and an energy release stage;
the energy storage stage comprises an air heating path and an energy storage path;
the energy release stage comprises an energy release path, a steam heating path, an energy release and power generation heat source path and a power generation circulation path.
8. The method of using an air heated calcium cycle energy storage system of claim 7,
an energy storage stage: ca (OH) 2 Entering a rotary ball milling reactor (4) for energy storage reaction; opening a fan (6), removing impurities from air through an air filter, entering a first air preheater (7) and a second air preheater (8), and respectively preheating by high-temperature CaO from a discharge hole of the rotary ball-milling reactor (4) and high-temperature gas at an air outlet of the rotary ball-milling reactor (4); then, preheated air enters a heater (9) to be heated to the temperature required by the reaction, and high-temperature air enters a rotary ball milling reactor (4) through an air inlet to heat Ca (OH) 2 So that the decomposition reaction is carried out, and the heat energy is converted into chemical energy; discharging a decomposition product CaO from a discharge hole, cooling the decomposition product CaO by a first air preheater (7), and then entering a CaO storage tank (2); high-temperature gas is discharged from the gas outlet, solid impurities in the high-temperature gas are separated through the cyclone separator (10), the separated high-temperature gas enters the second air preheater (8) for cooling, water vapor is condensed into liquid water, the liquid water enters the water tank (12) under the action of the condensate pump (11), and cold air is directly discharged.
9. The method of using an air heated calcium cycle energy storage system of claim 7,
energy release stage: caO enters a rotary ball milling reactor (4) for energy release reaction; water in a water tank (12) enters a steam power generation heat exchanger (14) through a circulating water pump (13), is preheated by exhaust steam from a steam Rankine turbine (19), and then enters a heater (9) to be heated to the temperature required by energy release reaction; high-temperature water vapor enters the rotary ball milling reactor (4) through the air inlet to react with CaO to generate Ca (OH) 2 Converting chemical energy into heat energy for release; high temperature Ca (OH) generated 2 Enters an energy storage heat exchanger (3) to preheat CaO solid particles, and enters Ca (OH) after being cooled 2 A tank (1); the high-temperature water vapor carries heat released by the reaction to enter a cyclone separator (10) to separate solid impurities in the high-temperature water vapor, and the separated high-temperature gas entersEnters a steam power generation heater (18) to provide a heat source for power generation circulation, and finally, obtained purified water is stored in a water tank (12) through a water processor (17).
10. The method for using an air heated calcium cycle energy storage system according to claim 9,
the primary energy release power generation is carried out, and the heat required by heating water is provided by the heater (9) when the steam Rankine turbine (19) is not operated.
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