CN113686032B - Calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor and energy storage method thereof - Google Patents
Calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor and energy storage method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
- F24S60/20—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors using chemical reactions, e.g. thermochemical reactions or isomerisation reactions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
- F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
- F03G6/065—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means having a Rankine cycle
- F03G6/067—Binary cycle plants where the fluid from the solar collector heats the working fluid via a heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/028—Steam generation using heat accumulators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
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- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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Abstract
The invention discloses a calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor and an energy storage method thereof, wherein the thermochemical energy storage reactor comprises a groove type solar heat supply unit, a rotary ball milling energy storage unit and an organic Rankine power generation unit; the rotary ball milling energy storage unit comprises a CaO storage tank, Ca (OH)2The device comprises a storage tank, a rotary ball-milling reactor, an energy storage condenser, a water tank, a water feeding pump and a water vapor heating device; the groove type solar heat supply unit comprises a heat exchange fluid pump and a groove type solar heat collector; the organic Rankine power generation unit comprises an organic Rankine turbine, a power generation condenser, an organic working medium pump, a first power generation heat exchanger and a second power generation heat exchanger. The invention has the characteristics of high energy storage density, high cycle efficiency, environmental friendliness, simple structure, flexible control of variable working conditions and reliable application, can ensure that a solar thermal power station continuously and efficiently operates, can be widely applied to the field of solar thermal power generation, and is also suitable for the storage and regeneration of the medium thermal energy of other types of power stations.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of solar power generation, relates to a thermochemical energy storage reactor, and particularly relates to a calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor and an energy storage method thereof.
Background
Solar power generation has the advantages of wide source, no environmental pollution and the like, and is an ideal clean energy source capable of replacing fossil fuels. However, solar energy has intermittent and unstable characteristics, making it difficult to sustain energyAnd (4) stable supply. Therefore, research in the field of energy storage science is urgently needed, wherein high-temperature energy storage is an efficient and potential technology for solving the problems of intermittency and instability of renewable energy sources. Among three main heat storage modes of sensible heat energy storage, latent heat energy storage and thermochemical energy storage, the thermochemical energy storage stores heat energy by utilizing reversible heat absorption and release reaction, has the remarkable advantages of high energy storage density, high reaction temperature, small long-term heat storage loss and the like, makes up the defects of other energy storage modes, and can effectively solve the problems of energy conversion, storage and regeneration. Several thermochemical energy storage systems currently under investigation include: CaCO3CaO system, NH3Synthetic decomposition System, CH4/CO2And CH4/H2O reforming System, Ca (OH)2CaO system, Co3O4The system of/CoO, MgH2/H2Systems, and the like. Wherein Ca (OH)2the/CaO system is an ideal thermochemical energy storage system and has high energy storage density (437 kWh/m)3) Has the obvious advantages of no toxicity, good safety, wide and cheap raw material source, no side reaction and higher reaction temperature (450 ℃ -600 ℃), so that Ca (OH)2The CaO system is used for the medium-high temperature thermochemical energy storage of solar energy, can well solve the problem of continuous and efficient operation of power generation of a medium-high temperature thermal power station of solar energy, but at present, Ca (OH)2The research of the/CaO system for thermochemical energy storage is in the initial stage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor and an energy storage method thereof, which utilize a rotary ball milling energy storage unit and a corresponding high-temperature organic Rankine power generation unit to ensure continuous and stable operation and effectively solve the problems of energy conversion, storage and regeneration.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor, having the following features: the system comprises a groove type solar heat supply unit, a rotary ball milling energy storage unit and an organic Rankine power generation unit;
the rotary ball milling energy storage unit comprises a CaO storage tank, Ca (OH)2A storage tank and a rotary ball milling reactor;
the groove type solar heat supply unit comprises a heat exchange fluid pump and a groove type solar heat collector;
the rotary ball milling reactor comprises a reaction channel with a solid particle feeding hole, a solid particle discharging hole, a steam inlet and a steam outlet, and a heat exchange channel with a lower end lower inlet, a lower end upper inlet, an upper end lower outlet and an upper end upper outlet;
the lower ends and lower inlets of the heat exchange fluid pump, the groove type solar heat collector and the rotary ball-milling reactor are sequentially connected through a pipeline to form a solar heat supply path; ca (OH)2The storage tank is connected with a solid particle feeding port of the rotary ball-milling reactor through a pipeline, and a solid particle discharging port is connected with the CaO storage tank through a pipeline to form an energy storage path;
the organic Rankine power generation unit comprises an organic Rankine turbine, a power generation condenser, an organic working medium pump, a first power generation heat exchanger and a second power generation heat exchanger; the organic Rankine turbine, the power generation condenser and the organic working medium pump are sequentially connected through pipelines, the organic working medium pump is respectively connected with the first power generation heat exchanger and the second power generation heat exchanger through two pipelines, and the first power generation heat exchanger and the second power generation heat exchanger are connected and are both connected with the organic Rankine turbine through pipelines; a first power generation gate valve is arranged between the organic working medium pump and the first power generation heat exchanger, and a second power generation gate valve is arranged between the organic working medium pump and the second power generation heat exchanger;
an upper outlet at the upper end of the rotary ball-milling reactor is connected with a first power generation heat exchanger through a pipeline; the groove type solar heat collector is also connected with the second power generation heat exchanger through a pipeline; a heating gate valve is arranged between the trough type solar thermal collector and the lower inlet of the lower end of the rotary ball-milling reactor, and a direct power generation gate valve is arranged between the trough type solar thermal collector and the second power generation heat exchanger;
the rotary ball-milling energy storage unit also comprises an energy storage condenser and a water tank; a steam outlet of the rotary ball-milling reactor, an energy storage condenser and a water tank are sequentially connected through a pipeline to form a water storage path;
the rotary ball milling energy storage unit also comprises a water feeding pump and a water vapor heating device; the water tank, the water feeding pump, the water vapor heating device and the steam inlet of the rotary ball-milling reactor are sequentially connected through a pipeline to form a steam generation path; a water supply gate valve is arranged between the water tank and the water supply pump;
the CaO storage tank is connected with a solid particle feed inlet of the rotary ball milling reactor through a pipeline, and a solid particle discharge outlet is connected with Ca (OH) through a pipeline2The storage tanks are connected to form an energy release path;
the heat exchange fluid pump is connected with an upper inlet at the lower end of the rotary ball-milling reactor through a pipeline, and a lower outlet at the upper end of the rotary ball-milling reactor is connected with the first power generation heat exchanger through a pipeline;
an energy storage gate valve is arranged between the heat exchange fluid pump and the groove type solar heat collector, and an energy release gate valve is arranged between the heat exchange fluid pump and an upper inlet at the lower end of the rotary ball-milling reactor.
Further, the present invention provides a calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor, which can also have the following characteristics: the rotary ball milling energy storage unit also comprises an energy storage heat exchanger; the energy storage heat exchanger is a powder heat exchanger; the energy-storage heat exchanger is arranged at Ca (OH)2Between the storage tank and the solid particle feeding port of the rotary ball-milling reactor, and between the solid particle discharging port and the CaO storage tank.
Further, the present invention provides a calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor, which can also have the following characteristics: the rotary ball milling energy storage unit also comprises an energy releasing heat exchanger; the energy releasing heat exchanger is a powder heat exchanger; the energy-releasing heat exchanger is arranged between the CaO storage tank and the solid particle feed inlet of the rotary ball-milling reactor, and between the solid particle discharge outlet and Ca (OH)2Between the storage tanks.
Further, the present invention provides a calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor, which can also have the following characteristics: the rotary ball milling energy storage unit also comprises a cyclone separator; the cyclone separator is arranged between a steam outlet of the rotary ball-milling reactor and the energy storage condenser; the steam outlet, the energy storage heat exchanger, the cyclone separator and the energy storage condenser are sequentially connected through a pipeline, and the cyclone separator is connected with the CaO storage tank through a pipeline.
Further, the present invention provides a calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor, which can also have the following characteristics: the rotary ball-milling energy storage unit also comprises a water preheating heat exchanger; the water preheating heat exchanger is arranged between the water feeding pump and the water vapor heating device and on the discharge pipeline of the first power generation heat exchanger.
Further, the present invention provides a calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor, which can also have the following characteristics: wherein, Ca (OH)2The conveying of the solid particles and the CaO solid particles adopts a spiral feeding mode.
Further, the present invention provides a calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor, which can also have the following characteristics: wherein, a plurality of steel balls are arranged in the rotary ball-milling reactor and are made of 314 stainless steel materials.
The invention also provides an energy storage method of the calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor, which is characterized in that: comprises an energy storage stage and an energy release stage; the energy storage stage comprises a solar heat supply path, an energy storage path and a water storage path, and the waste heat of the energy storage path and the heat of the solar heat supply path are used for the organic Rankine power generation unit to generate power; the energy release stage comprises a steam generation path and an energy release path, and heat released by the energy release path is used for generating electricity by the organic Rankine power generation unit.
Further, the invention provides an energy storage method of a calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor, which can also have the following characteristics: wherein the energy storage phase: when the solar irradiation is sufficient, the energy storage gate valve is opened, and the solar radiation energy is converted into the heat energy of the heat exchange fluid through the groove type solar heat collector; the heat exchange fluid heated by solar energy enters a rotary ball milling reactor in a countercurrent way through a heating gate valve, and is heated by Ca (OH)2Ca (OH) of the tank charge2Solid particles are subjected to decomposition reaction; along with the deepening of the decomposition reaction, the decomposition product CaO solid particles enter a CaO storage tank; decomposition product H2Condensing the O into liquid water through an energy storage condenser, and storing the liquid water in a water tank at normal temperature; meanwhile, the heat exchange fluid flowing out of the rotary ball-milling reactor heats the organic Rankine cycle working medium through a first power generation heat exchanger to generate power; and the heat exchange fluid passing through the groove type solar heat collector can also pass through the direct power generation gate valve and directly pass through the second power generation heat exchanger to heat the organic Rankine cycle working mediumAnd generating power.
Further, the invention provides an energy storage method of a calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor, which can also have the following characteristics: wherein, the energy releasing stage: when the solar radiation is insufficient and the energy is released for the first time to generate electricity, the water supply gate valve is opened, H2O passes through a water feeding pump and a water vapor heating device to generate water vapor, the water vapor enters a rotary ball milling reactor and is subjected to synthetic reaction with CaO solid particles flowing into the reactor from a CaO storage tank, and a large amount of heat is released; and opening the energy release gate valve, allowing the heat exchange fluid to flow through the rotary ball milling reactor and enter the first power generation heat exchanger, and heating the organic Rankine cycle working medium to generate power.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention utilizes thermochemical reversible reaction Ca (OH)2CaO system to realize heat energy regeneration. The water vapor is used as a heat exchange medium and a reaction medium in the process. Ca (OH)2The CaO thermochemical energy storage system is combined with the organic Rankine power generation device to realize continuous power supply of electric energy in the absence of sunlight and smooth a power curve of the solar thermal power station. Simultaneously, Ca (OH) is effectively utilized2Decomposition reaction product H2And O reaction waste heat is recovered, heat energy in the system is recycled by using the heat exchanger, comprehensive cascade utilization of energy is realized, and the efficiency of the energy storage reactor is obviously improved.
The invention provides a novel calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor, which is driven by solar heat collection
Reversible reaction, the received energy is stored in the form of chemical energy in the decomposition products CaO and H2And (O). The device has the characteristics of high energy storage density, high cycle efficiency, environmental friendliness, simple structure, flexible control of variable working conditions and reliable application, can solve the problem of continuous and efficient operation of power generation of a solar high-temperature thermal power station, can be widely applied to the field of solar medium-high temperature power generation, and is also suitable for high-temperature heat energy storage and regeneration of other types of power stations.
The invention provides a method for regulating and controlling storage and release by combining a high-temperature organic Rankine power generation unit and regulating and controlling the temperature and pressure of steam entering a reactorCan, namely Ca (OH)2CaO solid particle decomposition/synthesis reaction; the heat energy released by the reaction is more efficiently utilized by matching the level of the released heat energy. The low energy utilization rate caused by mismatching and nonuniformity of heat utilization caused by time or place is solved by the energy conversion utilization concept of thermal energy-chemical energy-thermal energy.
The rotary ball-milling reactor provided by the invention can solve the problems of sintering and inactivation of the energy storage material after high-temperature reaction, and the reaction material is crushed and ground by the movement of the steel ball in the rotary cavity, so that the mixing and reaction of gas-solid reactants are promoted, the reaction efficiency is improved, and the cycle life of the reactants is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general schematic of a reactor and its work flow scheme according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the energy storage phase of the reactor workflow of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the energy release stage of the reactor work flow of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides a calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor, which comprises a groove type solar heat supply unit, a rotary ball milling energy storage unit and an organic Rankine power generation unit.
The rotary ball milling energy storage unit comprises a CaO storage tank 8, Ca (OH)2A storage tank 7 and a rotary ball milling reactor 11.
The trough solar heat supply unit comprises a heat exchange fluid pump 1 and a trough solar heat collector 4.
The rotary ball milling reactor 11 includes a reaction channel having a solid particle feed inlet, a solid particle discharge outlet, a steam inlet and a steam outlet, and a heat exchange channel having a lower end lower inlet, a lower end upper inlet, an upper end lower outlet and an upper end upper outlet. A plurality of steel balls are arranged in the rotary ball-milling reactor 11 to prevent agglomeration and sintering; and 314 stainless steel material is adopted.
The heat exchange fluid pump 1, the groove type solar heat collector 4 and the lower inlet of the lower end of the rotary ball-milling reactor 11 are connected in sequence through pipelines to form a solar heat supply path.
Ca(OH)2The storage tank 7 is connected with a solid particle feeding hole of the rotary ball-milling reactor 11 through a pipeline; the solid particle discharge port is connected with the CaO storage tank 8 through a pipeline to form an energy storage path.
The rotary ball milling energy storage unit further comprises an energy storage heat exchanger 10. The energy storage heat exchanger 10 is a powder heat exchanger. Energy storage heat exchanger 10 is arranged at Ca (OH)2Between the storage tank 7 and the solid particle inlet of the rotary ball milling reactor 11, and between the solid particle outlet and the CaO storage tank 8, the CaO is discharged as Ca (OH)2The feed is preheated.
The organic Rankine power generation unit comprises an organic Rankine turbine 20, a power generation condenser 21, an organic working medium pump 22, a first power generation heat exchanger 19 and a second power generation heat exchanger 25. The organic rankine power generation unit is divided into two power generation circulation paths: the organic Rankine turbine 20, the power generation condenser 21 and the organic working medium pump 22 are sequentially connected through pipelines, the organic working medium pump 22 is respectively connected with the first power generation heat exchanger 19 and the second power generation heat exchanger 25 through two pipelines, and the first power generation heat exchanger 19 and the second power generation heat exchanger 25 are connected and are both connected with the organic Rankine turbine 20 through pipelines. A first power generation gate valve 23 is arranged between the organic working medium pump 22 and the first power generation heat exchanger 19, and a second power generation gate valve 24 is arranged between the organic working medium pump 22 and the second power generation heat exchanger 25.
An upper outlet at the upper end of the rotary ball-milling reactor 11 is connected with a first power generation heat exchanger 19 through a pipeline; the trough solar collector 4 is also connected to a second electricity generating heat exchanger 25 via piping to provide energy for both paths of electricity generation. A heating gate valve 5 is arranged between the groove type solar heat collector 4 and the lower inlet of the lower end of the rotary ball-milling reactor 11, and a direct power generation gate valve 6 is arranged between the groove type solar heat collector 4 and the second power generation heat exchanger 25.
The rotary ball milling energy storage unit also comprises an energy storage condenser 13 and a water tank 14. The steam outlet of the rotary ball milling reactor 11, the energy storage condenser 13 and the water tank 14 are connected in sequence through pipelines to form a water storage path.
Wherein, the rotary ball milling energy storage unit also comprises a cyclone separator 12. Cyclonic separationThe vessel 12 is arranged between the steam outlet of the rotary ball mill reactor 11 and the energy storage condenser 13. Specifically, the steam outlet, the energy storage heat exchanger 10, the cyclone separator 12 and the energy storage condenser 13 are sequentially connected through a pipeline, the cyclone separator 12 is connected with the CaO storage tank 8 through a pipeline, namely, the decomposition product H2Ca (OH) fed after preheating O by energy storage heat exchanger 102The solid particle stream is then passed through a cyclone 12 to remove H2Solid particles possibly contained in the O are separated and condensed into liquid water through an energy storage condenser 13 to be stored at normal temperature, and meanwhile, the solid particles separated by the cyclone separator 12 are recycled into the CaO storage tank 8.
The rotary ball milling energy storage unit also comprises a water feeding pump 16 and a water vapor heating device 18. The water tank 14, the water feed pump 16, the steam heating device 18 and the steam inlet of the rotary ball-milling reactor 11 are connected in sequence through pipelines to form a steam generation path. A water supply gate valve 15 is provided between the water tank 14 and the water supply pump 16.
Wherein, the rotary ball milling energy storage unit also comprises a water preheating heat exchanger 17. The water preheating heat exchanger 17 is provided between the feed water pump 16 and the steam heating device 18 and on the discharge line of the first power generation heat exchanger 19, even if the power generation waste heat preheats the water before it is used for generating the steam.
The CaO storage tank 8 is connected with a solid particle feed inlet of the rotary ball milling reactor 11 through a pipeline, and a solid particle discharge outlet is connected with Ca (OH) through a pipeline2The tanks 7 are connected to form a power release path.
The heat exchange fluid pump 1 is connected with an upper inlet at the lower end of the rotary ball-milling reactor 11 through a pipeline, and a lower outlet at the upper end of the rotary ball-milling reactor 11 is connected with the first power generation heat exchanger 19 through a pipeline, so as to provide energy for the power generation device.
An energy storage gate valve 2 is arranged between the heat exchange fluid pump 1 and the groove type solar heat collector 4, and an energy release gate valve 3 is arranged between the heat exchange fluid pump 1 and an upper inlet at the lower end of the rotary ball-milling reactor 11.
Wherein, the rotary ball milling energy storage unit also comprises an energy releasing heat exchanger 9. The energy releasing heat exchanger 9 is a powder heat exchanger. The energy releasing heat exchanger 9 is arranged between the CaO storage tank 8 and the solid particle inlet of the rotary ball milling reactor 11, and between the solid particle outlet and the rotary ball milling reactorCa(OH)2Between tanks 7, so that Ca (OH)2And discharging, namely preheating CaO feeding.
In the thermal chemical energy storage reactor of calcium hydroxide, Ca (OH)2The solid particles and the CaO solid particles are conveyed in a spiral feeding mode, so that gas leakage is prevented.
The energy storage method of the calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor comprises an energy storage stage and an energy release stage.
The energy storage stage comprises a solar heat supply path, an energy storage path and a water storage path, and waste heat of the energy storage path and heat of the solar heat supply path are used for power generation of the organic Rankine power generation unit. The energy release stage comprises a steam generation path and an energy release path, and heat released by the energy release path is used for generating electricity by the organic Rankine power generation unit.
In particular, the thermochemical energy storage system is Ca (OH)2CaO, energy is stored through interconversion between heat energy and chemical energy, and the energy storage chemical reaction process and the energy release chemical reaction process are realized in the rotary ball milling reactor 11. When the sun irradiation is sufficient, Ca (OH)2The solid particles are subjected to wall heating by a heat exchange fluid heated by solar energy to generate endothermic decomposition reaction, and the received heat is stored in the form of chemical energy in decomposition products CaO and H2And (4) in O. When heat is required, CaO and H2O is subjected to reverse thermochemical reaction to react CaO and H2The chemical energy stored in the O is reversed into heat energy and released. And the thermochemical energy storage power generation is realized by combining a high-temperature organic Rankine power generation technology.
As shown in fig. 2, the energy storage phase: when the solar irradiation is sufficient, the energy storage gate valve 2 is opened, and the solar radiation energy is converted into heat exchange fluid (HTF) heat energy through the groove type solar heat collector 4. The heat exchange fluid heated by solar energy enters a rotary ball milling reactor 11 in a countercurrent way through a heating gate valve 5, and is heated by Ca (OH)2Ca (OH) fed from storage tank 72Solid particles are subjected to decomposition reaction at the temperature of 450-600 ℃. As the decomposition reaction proceeds, the decomposition product CaO solid particles react with the Ca (OH) fed later in the energy storage heat exchanger 102The solid particle flow fully exchanges heat and finally enters the CaO storage tank 8. In order to fully utilize the reaction waste heatDecomposition product H2O preheating the feed Ca (OH) through the accumulator Heat exchanger 102A stream of solid particles, followed by a cyclone 12 to remove H2Solid particles possibly contained in the O are separated and condensed into liquid water through the energy storage condenser 13 to be stored in the water tank 14 at normal temperature, so that the heat is fully utilized. Meanwhile, the heat exchange fluid flowing out of the rotary ball milling reactor 11 heats the organic Rankine cycle working medium through the first power generation heat exchanger 19 to generate power. And the heat exchange fluid passing through the groove type solar heat collector 4 can also pass through the direct power generation gate valve 6, and directly passes through the second power generation heat exchanger 25 to heat the organic Rankine cycle working medium for power generation. By controlling the heating gate valve 5 and the direct power generation gate valve 6, two modes of energy storage and organic Rankine power generation can exist simultaneously or can be operated independently.
As shown in fig. 3, the energy release phase: when the solar radiation is insufficient and the energy is released for the first time to generate electricity, the water supply gate valve 15 is opened, H2O passes through a water feeding pump 16, a water preheating heat exchanger 17 and a water vapor heating device 18 to generate water vapor, the water vapor enters the rotary ball milling reactor 11 and reacts with CaO solid particles flowing into the reactor from the CaO storage tank 8 to release a large amount of heat. And opening the energy release gate valve 3, allowing the heat exchange fluid to flow through the rotary ball-milling reactor 11 and enter the first power generation heat exchanger 19, and heating the organic Rankine cycle working medium to generate power. After the power generation by the initial energy release, the synthetic product Ca (OH) is utilized2The CaO solid particle flow fed after the solid particle reaction waste heat is heated by the energy release heat exchanger 9 does not waste the reaction waste heat, so that the heat is fully utilized.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor, characterized by:
the system comprises a groove type solar heat supply unit, a rotary ball milling energy storage unit and an organic Rankine power generation unit;
the rotary ball milling energy storage unit comprises a CaO storage tank, Ca (OH)2A storage tank and a rotary ball milling reactor;
the groove type solar heat supply unit comprises a heat exchange fluid pump and a groove type solar heat collector;
the rotary ball milling reactor comprises a reaction channel with a solid particle feeding hole, a solid particle discharging hole, a steam inlet and a steam outlet, and a heat exchange channel with a lower end lower inlet, a lower end upper inlet, an upper end lower outlet and an upper end upper outlet;
the lower ends and lower inlets of the heat exchange fluid pump, the groove type solar heat collector and the rotary ball-milling reactor are sequentially connected through a pipeline to form a solar heat supply path;
Ca(OH)2the storage tank is connected with a solid particle feeding port of the rotary ball milling reactor through a pipeline, and a solid particle discharging port is connected with a CaO storage tank through a pipeline to form an energy storage path;
the organic Rankine power generation unit comprises an organic Rankine turbine, a power generation condenser, an organic working medium pump, a first power generation heat exchanger and a second power generation heat exchanger;
the organic Rankine turbine, the power generation condenser and the organic working medium pump are sequentially connected through pipelines, the organic working medium pump is respectively connected with the first power generation heat exchanger and the second power generation heat exchanger through two pipelines, and the first power generation heat exchanger and the second power generation heat exchanger are connected and are both connected with the organic Rankine turbine through pipelines; a first power generation gate valve is arranged between the organic working medium pump and the first power generation heat exchanger, and a second power generation gate valve is arranged between the organic working medium pump and the second power generation heat exchanger;
an upper outlet at the upper end of the rotary ball-milling reactor is connected with a first power generation heat exchanger through a pipeline; the groove type solar heat collector is also connected with the second power generation heat exchanger through a pipeline; a heating gate valve is arranged between the trough type solar thermal collector and the lower inlet of the lower end of the rotary ball-milling reactor, and a direct power generation gate valve is arranged between the trough type solar thermal collector and the second power generation heat exchanger;
the rotary ball-milling energy storage unit also comprises an energy storage condenser and a water tank;
a steam outlet of the rotary ball-milling reactor, an energy storage condenser and a water tank are sequentially connected through a pipeline to form a water storage path;
the rotary ball milling energy storage unit also comprises a water feeding pump and a water vapor heating device;
the water tank, the water feeding pump, the water vapor heating device and the steam inlet of the rotary ball-milling reactor are sequentially connected through a pipeline to form a steam generation path; a water supply gate valve is arranged between the water tank and the water supply pump;
the CaO storage tank is connected with a solid particle feed inlet of the rotary ball milling reactor through a pipeline, and a solid particle discharge outlet is connected with Ca (OH) through a pipeline2The storage tanks are connected to form an energy release path;
the heat exchange fluid pump is connected with an upper inlet at the lower end of the rotary ball-milling reactor through a pipeline, and a lower outlet at the upper end of the rotary ball-milling reactor is connected with the first power generation heat exchanger through a pipeline;
an energy storage gate valve is arranged between the heat exchange fluid pump and the groove type solar heat collector, and an energy release gate valve is arranged between the heat exchange fluid pump and an upper inlet at the lower end of the rotary ball-milling reactor.
2. Calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the rotary ball milling energy storage unit also comprises an energy storage heat exchanger;
the energy storage heat exchanger is a powder heat exchanger;
the energy-storage heat exchanger is arranged at Ca (OH)2Between the storage tank and the solid particle feeding port of the rotary ball-milling reactor, and between the solid particle discharging port and the CaO storage tank.
3. The calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor of claim 1 wherein:
the rotary ball milling energy storage unit also comprises an energy release heat exchanger;
the energy releasing heat exchanger is a powder heat exchanger;
the energy releasing heat exchanger is arranged between the CaO storage tank and the solid particle inlet of the rotary ball milling reactor, and between the solid particle outlet and Ca (OH)2Between the storage tanks.
4. The calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor of claim 2 wherein:
the rotary ball milling energy storage unit also comprises a cyclone separator;
the cyclone separator is arranged between a steam outlet of the rotary ball milling reactor and the energy storage condenser; the steam outlet, the energy storage heat exchanger, the cyclone separator and the energy storage condenser are sequentially connected through a pipeline, and the cyclone separator is connected with the CaO storage tank through a pipeline.
5. The calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor of claim 1 wherein:
the rotary ball-milling energy storage unit also comprises a water preheating heat exchanger;
the water preheating heat exchanger is arranged between the water feeding pump and the water vapor heating device and on the discharge pipeline of the first power generation heat exchanger.
6. The calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor of claim 1 wherein:
wherein, Ca (OH)2The conveying of the solid particles and the CaO solid particles adopts a spiral feeding mode.
7. The calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor of claim 1 wherein:
wherein, a plurality of steel balls are arranged in the rotary ball-milling reactor and are made of 314 stainless steel materials.
8. The method for storing energy in a calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that:
comprises an energy storage stage and an energy release stage;
the energy storage stage comprises a solar heat supply path, an energy storage path and a water storage path, and the waste heat of the energy storage path and the heat of the solar heat supply path are used for the organic Rankine power generation unit to generate power;
the energy release stage comprises a steam generation path and an energy release path, and heat released by the energy release path is used for generating electricity by the organic Rankine power generation unit.
9. The method for storing energy in a calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor of claim 8 wherein:
wherein the energy storage phase: when the solar irradiation is sufficient, the energy storage gate valve is opened, and the solar radiation energy is converted into the heat energy of the heat exchange fluid through the groove type solar heat collector; the heat exchange fluid heated by solar energy enters a rotary ball milling reactor in a countercurrent way through a heating gate valve, and is heated by Ca (OH)2Ca (OH) of the tank charge2Solid particles are subjected to decomposition reaction; along with the deepening of the decomposition reaction, the decomposition product CaO solid particles enter a CaO storage tank; decomposition product H2Condensing the O into liquid water through an energy storage condenser, and storing the liquid water in a water tank at normal temperature; meanwhile, the heat exchange fluid flowing out of the rotary ball-milling reactor heats the organic Rankine cycle working medium through a first power generation heat exchanger to generate power; and the heat exchange fluid passing through the groove type solar heat collector can also pass through the direct power generation gate valve, and the organic Rankine cycle working medium is directly heated by the second power generation heat exchanger to generate power.
10. The method for storing energy in a calcium hydroxide thermochemical energy storage reactor of claim 8 wherein:
wherein, the energy releasing stage: when the solar radiation is insufficient and the energy is released for power generation for the first time, a water supply gate valve is opened, H2O passes through a water feeding pump and a water vapor heating device to generate water vapor, the water vapor enters a rotary ball milling reactor and is subjected to synthetic reaction with CaO solid particles flowing into the reactor from a CaO storage tank, and a large amount of heat is released; and opening the energy release gate valve, allowing the heat exchange fluid to flow through the rotary ball milling reactor and enter the first power generation heat exchanger, and heating the organic Rankine cycle working medium to generate power.
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