CN115306619A

CN115306619A - Combustion system and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN115306619A
Application number: CN202210916040.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 纪雷; 胡佳佳; 于鹏飞; 马京卫; 叶娜
Original assignee: Great Wall Motor Co Ltd
Current assignee: Great Wall Motor Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-08-01
Filing date: 2022-08-01
Publication date: 2022-11-08
Anticipated expiration: 2042-08-01

Abstract

The invention discloses a combustion system and a vehicle, wherein the combustion system comprises: the piston is movably arranged in the cylinder, a combustion chamber is defined between the piston and the cylinder cover and between the piston and the cylinder, the inlet valve is arranged on the cylinder cover and used for opening and closing the air inlet channel, and the exhaust valve is arranged on the cylinder cover and used for opening and closing the exhaust channel; the spark plug is arranged on the cylinder cover and extends into the combustion chamber to ignite fuel mixture in the combustion chamber, the diameter of the spark plug is d1, the distance between the axis of the spark plug and the axis of the cylinder is d2, and d2 is less than 0.6d1 between d1 and d 2. Therefore, the transmission distance of the electric sparks can be reduced, the electric sparks are generated at the position or area with higher flow energy, the combustion efficiency can be effectively improved, the probability of spontaneous combustion, detonation and fire catching is reduced, and the working stability is improved.

Description

Combustion system and vehicle

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a combustion system and a vehicle.

Background

In the prior art, the combustion speed of the main flow is raised by raising the turbulent kinetic energy of the fuel mixture in the combustion chamber at the moment of ignition, and the improvement is generally achieved by increasing the tumble ratio of an air inlet passage or optimizing the form of the combustion chamber.

However, the structural space of the cylinder head is limited, the tumble ratio of the intake passage is difficult to lift, and even if the tumble ratio is lifted to the limit, the fresh air flows to the limit and the problems of intake noise, fire and knock are caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a combustion system having a higher combustion speed and a higher combustion efficiency and having a lower probability of generating misfire and knocking.

The invention further provides a vehicle adopting the combustion system.

The combustion system according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention includes: the engine comprises a cylinder cover, a cylinder, a piston, an inlet valve, an exhaust valve and an ignition plug, wherein the piston is movably arranged in the cylinder, a combustion chamber is defined between the piston and the cylinder cover and between the piston and the cylinder, the inlet valve is arranged on the cylinder cover and used for opening and closing an inlet passage, and the exhaust valve is arranged on the cylinder cover and used for opening and closing an exhaust passage; the spark plug is arranged on the cylinder cover and extends into the combustion chamber to ignite fuel mixture in the combustion chamber, the diameter of the spark plug is d1, the distance between the axis of the spark plug and the axis of the cylinder is d2, and d2 is less than 0.6d1 between d1 and d 2.

According to the combustion system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the distance d2 between the axis of the spark plug and the axis of the cylinder is enabled to meet the requirement that d2 is less than 0.6d1, namely the axis distance between the spark plug and the cylinder is more reasonable, so that the transfer distance of electric sparks is reduced, the electric sparks are generated at a position or an area with higher process energy, the combustion efficiency can be effectively improved, the probability of spontaneous combustion, detonation and fire catching is reduced, and the working stability is improved.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the spark plug has an electrode center, a distance between the electrode center and the bottom surface of the cylinder head is h1, and d2 ≦ h1 < d1 is satisfied between h1 and d1, d 2.

In some embodiments, the piston comprises: the cylinder cover is provided with a cylinder cover air inlet squeezing surface corresponding to the piston air inlet squeezing surface and a cylinder cover air outlet squeezing surface corresponding to the piston air outlet squeezing surface; the included angle between the cylinder cover air inlet squeezing surface and the bottom surface of the cylinder cover is the same as the included angle between the piston air inlet squeezing surface and the piston top surface; and/or the included angle between the exhaust and squeezing surface of the cylinder cover and the bottom surface of the cylinder cover is the same as the included angle between the exhaust and squeezing surface of the piston and the top surface of the piston.

Further, the piston further includes: the piston comprises a piston bottom surface far away from the cylinder cover, a middle arc surface between the piston top surface and the piston bottom surface, an exhaust side arc surface between the piston exhaust squeezing surface and the middle arc surface, and an air inlet side arc surface between the piston air inlet squeezing surface and the middle arc surface.

Furthermore, the fillet of the exhaust side cambered surface is r1, the fillet of the middle cambered surface is r2, the fillet of the intake side cambered surface is r3, and r1, r2 and r3 meet the condition that r1 is not less than r3 and not more than r2 is not less than 2r1.

Further, the spark plug is provided with an electrode center, when the piston is positioned at a top dead center, the distance between the intersection edge of the top surface of the piston and the arc surface of the air inlet side and the electrode center is d3, and 2d1 is larger than or equal to d3 and smaller than or equal to 4d1 is satisfied between d3 and d1.

Further, when the piston is positioned at a top dead center, the distance between the edge where the top surface of the piston and the exhaust side arc surface intersect and the center of the electrode is d4, d4 is more than or equal to 2d1 and less than or equal to d4 and less than or equal to 4d1, and d4 is more than or equal to d3, and the distance between d4 and the centers of the electrode is d 4.

Further, when the piston is at the top dead center, the middle arc surface intersects with the piston top surface at two sides, the distance between one side edge and the electrode center is d5, the distance between the other side edge and the electrode center is d6, and d5 and d6 satisfy d5= d6.

In some embodiments, when the piston is at the top dead center, the distance between the piston bottom surface of the piston and the electrode center is h2, and h1 is larger than or equal to h2 and smaller than or equal to 3h1 between h2 and h1.

A vehicle according to an embodiment of a second aspect of the invention includes: the combustion system described in the above embodiments.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a combustion system according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 isbase:Sub>A schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of line B-B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of line C-C of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is another schematic illustration of a combustion system according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the area encircled as D in FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the area circled E in FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of a piston of a combustion system according to an embodiment of the invention.

Reference numerals:

a combustion system 100;

a cylinder head 10; an air inlet duct 11; an exhaust passage 12; a cylinder head intake squish face 13; a cylinder head exhaust squish face 14;

a cylinder 20;

a piston 30; a piston intake squish face 31; a piston exhaust squish face 32; a piston top surface 33; a piston bottom surface 34; a middle arc surface 35; an exhaust side arc surface 36; an intake side arc surface 37;

an intake valve 40; an exhaust valve 50;

a spark plug 60; an electrode center 61;

a combustion chamber P.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

A combustion system 100 and a vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention are described below with reference to fig. 1 to 8.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, a combustion system 100 according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention includes: cylinder head 10 and cylinder 20, piston 30, intake valve 40, exhaust valve 50, and spark plug 60.

Wherein the ignition plug 60 is disposed on the area between the exhaust valve 50 and the intake valve 40 near the center of the cylinder head 10, and the ignition plug 60 is preferably disposed perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cylinder head 10, which facilitates the utilization of the ignition energy of the ignition plug 60 and facilitates the transfer of the electric spark generated by the electrode of the ignition plug 60 into the combustion chamber P.

A piston 30 is movably disposed in the cylinder 20, and a combustion chamber P is defined between the piston 30 and the cylinder head 10 and between the piston and the cylinder 20, an intake valve 40 may be disposed in the cylinder head 10 through an intake valve guide for opening and closing the intake passage 11, and an exhaust valve 50 may be disposed in the cylinder head 10 through an exhaust valve guide for opening and closing the exhaust passage 12; the ignition plug 60 is provided in the cylinder head 10 and extends into the combustion chamber P to ignite the fuel mixture in the combustion chamber P, the diameter of the ignition plug 60 is d1, the distance between the axis of the ignition plug 60 and the axis of the cylinder 20 is d2, and d2 < 0.6d1 is satisfied between d1 and d 2.

Specifically, the spark plug 60 moves between the top dead center and the bottom dead center, and moves between four strokes of intake, compression, power, and exhaust in cooperation with the opening and closing of the intake valve 40, the ignition of the spark plug 60, and the opening and closing of the exhaust valve 50, and in the power stroke, the piston 30 is at or near the top dead center position, and the spark plug 60 generates an electric spark to ignite the fuel mixture in the combustion chamber P, so that the axis of the spark plug 60 and the axis of the cylinder 20 satisfy the above proportional relationship, it is possible to ensure that the electrode of the spark plug 60 is disposed in a position or region where the energy of the fuel flow field is higher in the cylinder 20, so that the spark plug 60 generates the fuel mixture with higher ignition energy, so that the formation of a flame is facilitated, and the flame can be caused to rapidly propagate around the spark plug 60 to improve the combustion efficiency of the fuel mixture, and the electric spark propagation distance of the spark plug 60 is effectively controlled, so that the probability of spontaneous combustion knocking and the probability of misfiring can be reduced.

Illustratively, the diameter of the spark plug 60 is 10mm, corresponding to a spark plug 60 within 6mm of the axis of the cylinder 20.

According to the combustion system 100 of the embodiment of the invention, the distance d2 between the axis of the spark plug 60 and the axis of the cylinder 20 is enabled to meet the requirement that d2 is less than 0.6d1, namely the axis distance between the two is more reasonable, so that the transmission distance of electric sparks is reduced, the electric sparks are generated at a position or a region with higher process energy, the combustion efficiency can be effectively improved, the probability of spontaneous combustion, detonation and fire catching is reduced, and the working stability is improved.

It is noted that the combustion system 100 is applied to an engine, and a single cylinder engine has one combustion system 100 of the present invention, and two cylinders have two, whereas the engine has the number of combustion systems 100 corresponding to the number of cylinders of the engine.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the spark plug 60 has an electrode center 61, the distance between the electrode center 61 and the bottom surface of the cylinder head 10 is h1, and d2 ≦ h1 < d1 between h1 and d1, d 2.

It is to be noted that the electrode of the spark plug 60 protrudes into the partial combustion chamber P defined by the cylinder head 10, the midpoint of the center electrode and the ground electrode of the spark plug 60 on the axis is defined as an electrode center 61, and the initial ignition region of the spark plug 60 is within a virtual sphere having the electrode center 61 as the center.

Furthermore, by making the axis of the ignition plug 60 and the axis of the cylinder 20 satisfy the above-mentioned distance relationship, and further defining the positional relationship between the electrode center 61 and the bottom surface of the cylinder head 10, it is possible to ensure that the ignition plug 60 is located at a high position, and in a position or region adjacent to or in a high energy region of the fuel mixture flow field, so as to effectively promote the propagation of flame around the ignition plug 60, and improve the combustion efficiency of the fuel mixture.

As shown in fig. 6, in some embodiments, the piston 30 includes: a piston intake squish surface 31 corresponding to the intake port 11, a piston exhaust squish surface 32 corresponding to the exhaust port 12, and a piston top surface 33 adjacent to the cylinder head 10, the cylinder head 10 having a head intake squish surface 13 corresponding to the piston intake squish surface 31, a head exhaust squish surface 14 corresponding to the piston exhaust squish surface 32; wherein, the included angle between the cylinder cover air inlet squeezing surface 13 and the bottom surface of the cylinder cover 10 is the same as the included angle between the piston air inlet squeezing surface 31 and the piston top surface 33; and/or the angle between the cylinder head exhaust squish face 14 and the bottom surface of the cylinder head 10 is the same as the angle between the piston exhaust squish face 32 and the piston top surface 33.

Therefore, after the piston 30 moves to the top dead center, the fuel mixture can be acted by the cylinder cover air inlet squeezing surface 13 and the piston air inlet squeezing surface 31; and/or the cylinder cover exhaust squeezing surface 14 and the piston exhaust squeezing surface 32, so that fuel mixture in the cylinder 20 can be gathered around the spark plug 60, a high-energy flow field is ensured to be positioned in the area of the spark plug 60, and the combustion efficiency is effectively improved.

As shown in fig. 4 and 7, further, the piston 30 further includes: the piston is characterized in that the piston is arranged on the piston bottom surface 34 far away from the cylinder cover 10, the middle arc surface 35 between the piston top surface 33 and the piston bottom surface 34, the air inlet side arc surface 37 between the piston air inlet squeezing surface 31 and the middle arc surface 35, and the air outlet side arc surface 36 between the piston air outlet squeezing surface 32 and the middle arc surface 35 (see figure 8), the round angle of the air outlet side arc surface 36 is r1, the round angle of the middle arc surface 35 is r2, and the round angle of the air inlet side arc surface 37 is r3, wherein r1, r2 and r3 meet the condition that r1 is not less than r3 and not more than r2 is not less than 2r1.

Therefore, the piston top surface 33 part between the middle arc surface 35 and the piston air inlet squeezing surface 31, the piston top surface 33 part between the middle arc surface 35 and the piston air outlet squeezing surface 32 and the piston top surface 33 part on the peripheral side of the middle arc surface 35 define a middle cavity, fuel mixture can be concentrated in the middle cavity to be positioned around the spark plug 60, combustion efficiency is improved, air flow movement of the piston top surface 33 can be guided, and gas energy loss caused by wall surface collision and the like is reduced.

Preferably, R1 is between R30 and R90 and is selected according to the specification of the engine, and R2 and R3 are reasonably arranged according to the proportional relation.

As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, further, when the piston 30 is at the top dead center, the distance between the edge where the top surface 33 of the piston and the arc surface 37 on the air inlet side intersects with the center 61 of the electrode is d3, and 2d1 is greater than or equal to d3 and less than or equal to 4d1 is satisfied between d3 and d1; the distance between the intersected edge of the piston top surface 33 and the exhaust side cambered surface 36 and the electrode center 61 is d4, d4 is more than or equal to 2d1 and less than or equal to 4d1 between d4 and d1 and d3, and d4 is more than or equal to d3.

Thus, on the premise of ensuring that the electric spark generated by the spark plug 60 ignites the fuel mixture in the air inlet side arc surface 37, the path from the electric spark to the exhaust side arc surface 36 can be further reduced, the probability that the fuel mixture with higher temperature in the exhaust side arc surface 36 area generates spontaneous combustion and detonation when the electric spark is not transferred to the exhaust side arc surface 36 is reduced, the electric spark generated by the spark plug 60 can rapidly ignite surrounding high-concentration fuel mixture, the fuel mixture in the cylinder 20 can be rapidly ignited, and the combustion rate of the fuel mixture is improved.

Further, the intermediate arc surface 35 intersects the piston crown surface 33 at both sides, and a distance between one side edge and the electrode center 61 is d5, a distance between the other side edge and the electrode center 61 is d6, and d5= d6 is satisfied between d5 and d6, so that the times from the electrode center 61 of the ignition plug 60 to the intermediate arc surfaces 35 at both sides of the combustion chamber P are close.

In some embodiments, the distance between the piston bottom surface 34 of the piston 30 and the electrode center 61 is h2 when the piston 30 is at the top dead center, and h1 ≦ h2 ≦ 3h1 between h2 and h1. Therefore, the distance between the electrode center 61 of the spark plug 60 and the lowest point of the combustion chamber P can be effectively ensured when the piston 30 runs to the top dead center, electric sparks generated by the electrode of the spark plug 60 can be rapidly and directly transmitted to the vicinity of the lowest point of the combustion chamber P, high-turbulence-energy fuel mixed gas on the wall surface of the combustion chamber P can be conveniently and rapidly ignited, the combustion speed is improved, the combustion efficiency of the fuel mixed gas is effectively improved, and the heat efficiency of an engine is effectively improved.

To sum up, the invention guides the trend of the air flow by optimizing the structure of the air-squeezing surface on the piston 20 and the structure of the combustion chamber P, guides the flow of the fuel mixture in the cylinder 20, reasonably configures the relative position of the spark plug 60 and the combustion chamber P, effectively improves the turbulent kinetic energy in the cylinder 20 under the cooperation of the air inlet channel 11, realizes the requirement of high turbulent kinetic energy, effectively leads the fuel mixture to gather around the spark plug 60, effectively controls the transmission distance of the electric spark generated by the spark plug 60, reduces the possibility of spontaneous combustion knocking, effectively improves the utilization efficiency of the electric spark, effectively improves the combustion speed of the fuel mixture, effectively improves the combustion efficiency of the fuel mixture, effectively improves the thermal efficiency of the engine, and effectively improves the economy of the engine.

A vehicle according to an embodiment of a second aspect of the invention includes: the combustion system 100 in the above embodiment can improve ride comfort and driving stability of the vehicle, and improve fuel economy of the vehicle.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, "the first feature" and "the second feature" may include one or more of the features.

In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more.

In the description of the present invention, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, and may also include the first and second features being in contact with each other not directly but through another feature therebetween.

In the description of the invention, "above", "over" and "above" a first feature in a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A combustion system, comprising:

a cylinder head (10) and a cylinder (20);

a piston (30), wherein the piston (30) is movably arranged in the cylinder (20), and a combustion chamber (P) is defined between the piston (30) and the cylinder cover (10) and the cylinder (20);

an intake valve (40) and an exhaust valve (50), the intake valve (40) being provided to the cylinder head (10) and configured to open and close an intake passage (11), the exhaust valve (50) being provided to the cylinder head (10) and configured to open and close an exhaust passage (12);

the ignition plug (60) is arranged on the cylinder cover (10) and extends into the combustion chamber (P) to ignite fuel mixture in the combustion chamber (P), the diameter of the ignition plug (60) is d1, the distance between the axis of the ignition plug (60) and the axis of the cylinder (20) is d2, and d2 is less than 0.6d1 between d1 and d 2.

2. The combustion system according to claim 1, wherein the ignition plug (60) has an electrode center (61), a distance between the electrode center (61) and the bottom surface of the cylinder head (10) is h1, and d2 ≦ h1 < d1 is satisfied between h1 and d1, d 2.

3. The combustion system of claim 1, wherein the piston (30) comprises: a piston intake squish surface (31) corresponding to the intake port (11), a piston exhaust squish surface (32) corresponding to the exhaust port (12), and a piston top surface (33) adjacent to the cylinder head (10), the cylinder head (10) having a head intake squish surface (13) corresponding to the piston intake squish surface (31), a head exhaust squish surface (14) corresponding to the piston exhaust squish surface (32); the included angle between the cylinder cover air inlet squeezing surface (13) and the bottom surface of the cylinder cover (10) is the same as the included angle between the piston air inlet squeezing surface (31) and the piston top surface (33); and/or the included angle between the cylinder cover exhaust gas squeezing surface (14) and the bottom surface of the cylinder cover (10) is the same as the included angle between the piston exhaust gas squeezing surface (32) and the piston top surface (33).

4. The combustion system of claim 3, wherein the piston (30) further comprises: a piston bottom surface (34) far away from the cylinder cover (10), a middle arc surface (35) between the piston top surface (33) and the piston bottom surface (34), an exhaust side arc surface (36) between the piston exhaust squish surface (32) and the middle arc surface (35), and an intake side arc surface (37) between the piston intake squish surface (31) and the middle arc surface (35).

5. The combustion system as set forth in claim 4, characterized in that the exhaust side arc surface (36) has a rounded corner r1, the intermediate arc surface (35) has a rounded corner r2, the intake side arc surface (37) has a rounded corner r3, and r1, r2, r3 satisfy r1 ≦ r3 ≦ r2 ≦ 2r1.

6. The combustion system according to claim 4, wherein the ignition plug (60) has an electrode center (61), and a distance d3 is provided between an edge where the piston top surface (33) and the intake side arc surface (37) meet and the electrode center (61) when the piston (30) is at top dead center, and d1 is 2d 1. Ltoreq. D3. Ltoreq.4d1 between d3 and d1.

7. The combustion system as set forth in claim 6, wherein an edge at which the piston top face (33) and the exhaust side arc face (36) intersect when the piston (30) is at top dead center is at a distance d4 from the electrode center (61), and 2d 1. Ltoreq. D4. Ltoreq. D1 and 2d 4. Ltoreq. D3 are satisfied between d4 and d1, d3.

8. The combustion system according to claim 6, wherein the intermediate curved surface (35) intersects the piston crown surface (33) on both sides when the piston (30) is at top dead center, and a distance between one side edge and the electrode center (61) is d5 and a distance between the other side edge and the electrode center (61) is d6, d5= d6 being satisfied between d5 and d6.

9. The combustion system according to claim 2, wherein a distance between a piston bottom surface (34) of the piston (30) and the electrode center (61) is h2 when the piston (30) is at top dead center, and h1 ≦ h2 ≦ 3h1 is satisfied between h2 and h1.

10. A vehicle, characterized by comprising: the combustion system of any one of claims 1-9.