CN115306374A - Visual simulation experiment device of controllable exploitation of temperature - Google Patents
Visual simulation experiment device of controllable exploitation of temperature Download PDFInfo
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- CN115306374A CN115306374A CN202210942887.0A CN202210942887A CN115306374A CN 115306374 A CN115306374 A CN 115306374A CN 202210942887 A CN202210942887 A CN 202210942887A CN 115306374 A CN115306374 A CN 115306374A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/002—Survey of boreholes or wells by visual inspection
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/295—Gasification of minerals, e.g. for producing mixtures of combustible gases
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
- E21B47/07—Temperature
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of mine engineering mechanics and mining engineering, in particular to a temperature-controllable visual mining simulation experiment device, which comprises a computer terminal and an experiment device box, wherein a physical simulation model is filled in the experiment device box, the physical simulation model comprises a mining target layer for simulating a reservoir to be mined and a simulation top plate for simulating the top plate of the reservoir to be mined, the front plate is made of transparent material, a plurality of electric heating elements are also arranged on the surface of the back plate, which is positioned in the experiment device box, and the computer terminal is used for: and controlling a power supply to electrify each electric heating element so as to carry out a temperature-controllable mining visual simulation experiment. Under the condition of a laboratory, the process of mining underground mineral deposits such as a coal reservoir and the like is simulated, the deformation damage evolution law of the reservoir to be mined is more accurately determined, and more accurate data support is provided for the mining of the underground mineral deposits such as the coal reservoir and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of mine engineering mechanics and mining engineering, in particular to a temperature-controllable visual mining simulation experiment device.
Background
Different from the traditional solid mineral/coal resource exploitation mode, the top and bottom plate rock stratum near the solid mineral/coal underground gasification stope is subjected to high temperature (the highest temperature can reach 1200 ℃), so that the movement, deformation and damage of the top and bottom plate rock stratum are not only influenced by the actions of mining and rock covering, but also are influenced by multiple thermal stress generated by dynamically changing temperature. When the temperature field of the rock body changes, the thermophysical properties such as strength, elastic modulus, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity and the like are no longer constants but functions related to the temperature. The temperature rise causes thermal expansion of the top and bottom plates, which induces thermal stresses within the top plate and creates thermal stress fields.
At present, a lot of researches are carried out in many countries in the world aiming at the problems of fluidized mining and surrounding rock stability, and a plurality of related technical personnel successively carry out similar simulation experiments of in-situ conversion fluidized mining of mineral resources, thereby providing reference and verification for on-site engineering practice.
However, the existing research technology can only carry out related simulation research on the change of a coal seam and the expansion rule of a combustion control area in the underground coal gasification process, but has less research on stability problems such as thermal cracking of a top plate and a bottom plate, and has the problems of single monitoring means, uncontrollable combustion temperature and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a temperature-controllable visual mining simulation experiment device aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The invention discloses a temperature-controllable visual mining simulation experiment device, which adopts the technical scheme as follows:
including computer terminal to and the experimental apparatus case that forms is enclosed by upper plate, hypoplastron, backplate, front bezel, left board and right board, the experimental apparatus incasement is filled with the physical simulation model, the physical simulation model is including being used for simulating the exploitation target layer of treating the exploitation reservoir, being used for simulating the simulation roof of treating the roof of exploiting the reservoir to and be used for simulating the simulation bottom plate of treating the bottom plate of exploiting the reservoir, the hypoplastron the simulation bottom plate the exploitation target layer with the simulation roof sets up range upon range of in proper order, the material of front bezel is transparent material, be located on the backplate the experimental apparatus incasement still has arranged a plurality of electric heating element on the surface, computer terminal is used for: and controlling a power supply to electrify each electric heating element so as to carry out a temperature-controlled visual mining simulation experiment.
The temperature-controllable visual mining simulation experiment device has the following beneficial effects:
the limit of physical simulation models of traditional underground coal mining and the like is overcome, the temperature is controlled by adjusting the electric heating elements arranged on the back plate, the process of mining underground mineral deposits such as coal reservoirs and the like is simulated under laboratory conditions, the deformation damage evolution law of the reservoirs to be mined is more accurately determined, and more accurate data support is provided for mining underground mineral deposits such as the coal reservoirs and the like.
On the basis of the scheme, the temperature-controllable visual mining simulation experiment device can be further improved as follows.
Further, the system also comprises a digital speckle monitoring system, wherein the digital speckle monitoring system is used for: and in the process of the simulation experiment, shooting deformation images of the physical simulation model at different temperatures from the front plate.
The experimental device further comprises an acoustic emission monitoring system and a plurality of acoustic emission probes, wherein the acoustic emission monitoring system is connected with each acoustic emission probe, and the acoustic emission probes are arranged in the experimental device box.
Further, a plurality of acoustic emission probes are symmetrically disposed on the upper plate and the lower plate, and symmetrically disposed on the left plate and the right plate.
Further, still include infrared thermometer, infrared thermometer is used for: and monitoring the temperature of a preset position in the process of the simulation experiment.
Further, still include strain acquisition instrument and a plurality of foil gage, strain acquisition instrument all is connected with every foil gage, and a plurality of foil gages are arranged in the experimental apparatus case, strain acquisition instrument acquires the strain data that every foil gage returned.
Furthermore, strain gauges are arranged on the simulation top plate, the simulation bottom plate and the mining target layer coal seam of the physical simulation model.
The temperature monitoring system further comprises a plurality of temperature thermocouples, wherein the plurality of temperature thermocouples are arranged in the physical simulation model to monitor the temperature distribution characteristics in the physical simulation model.
Further, displacement sensors are arranged on the simulation top plate and the simulation bottom plate of the physical simulation model to monitor the displacement of the simulation top plate and the simulation bottom plate of the physical simulation model.
Further, the transparent material is glass.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a temperature-controllable visual simulation experiment apparatus for mining according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a physical simulation model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the temperature field of the back plate;
in the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1. an upper plate; 2. a lower plate; 3. a back plate; 4. a front plate; 5. a left panel; 6. a right plate; 7. an electric heating element; 8. an acoustic emission probe; 9. simulating a top plate; 10. mining a target layer; 11. a simulation backplane.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a temperature-controllable visual mining simulation experiment device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a computer terminal, and an experiment device box surrounded by an upper plate 1, a lower plate 2, a back plate 3, a front plate 4, a left plate 5, and a right plate 6, where the experiment device box is filled with a physical simulation model, the physical simulation model includes a mining target layer 10 for simulating a reservoir to be mined, a simulation top plate 9 for simulating a top plate of the reservoir to be mined, and a simulation bottom plate 11 for simulating a bottom plate of the reservoir to be mined, as shown in fig. 2, the lower plate 2, the simulation bottom plate 11, the mining target layer 10, and the simulation top plate 9 are sequentially stacked, the front plate 4 is made of a transparent material, a plurality of electric heating elements 7 are further disposed on a surface of the back plate 3, which is located in the experiment device box, and the computer terminal is configured to: the power supply is controlled to apply power to each electrical heating element 7 to perform a simulation experiment for temperature controlled mining visualization.
Wherein, the power is the current source or voltage source, and computer terminal can accurately apply the electric current to every electric heating element 7 through current source or voltage source, makes every electric heating element 7 generate heat to carry out the visual simulation experiment of controllable exploitation of temperature, electric heating element 7 specifically is heating wire or thermistor etc..
Wherein, the transparent material of front bezel 4 is glass like high temperature resistant glass etc. to carry out visual observation to the physical simulation model through front bezel 4, more directly perceived, the material of upper plate 1, hypoplastron 2, backplate 3, left side board 5 and right side board 6 is the stainless steel, and the equal nickel plating on the surface of upper plate 1, hypoplastron 2, backplate 3, left side board 5 and right side board 6 handles, in order to prevent to rust, and upper plate 1, hypoplastron 2, backplate 3, front bezel 4, left side board 5 and right side board 6 are detachable connection each other.
Wherein, still arranged a plurality of electric heating element 7 on the surface that is located the experimental apparatus incasement on backplate 3, specific arrangement mode can be: array arrangement or staggered arrangement, etc.
The invention realizes the accurate control of the temperature fields of the top plate, the mining target layer 10 and the bottom plate by heating the electric heating element 7, utilizes a temperature-sound wave-deformation multi-physical-field monitoring means to collect data, studies the engineering response characteristics of the top plate, the mining target layer 10 and the bottom plate caused by mining in a high-temperature environment, realizes the visual simulation of mining under a laboratory scale, overcomes the limitation of physical simulation models of traditional underground coal mining and the like, controls the temperature by adjusting the electric heating element 7 arranged on the back plate 3, simulates the mining process of underground mineral layers such as coal reservoirs and the like under a laboratory condition, more accurately determines the deformation damage evolution law of the reservoir to be mined, and provides more accurate data support for the mining of the underground mineral layers such as the coal reservoirs and the like.
Optionally, in the above technical solution, the system further includes a digital speckle monitoring system, and the digital speckle monitoring system is configured to: in the course of the simulation experiment, deformation images of the physical simulation model at different temperatures are taken from the front plate 4.
Wherein, digital speckle monitoring system includes collection system and image processing system, specifically:
1) The acquisition system comprises a camera, a light source and a tripod. The video camera is responsible for collecting speckle images, namely deformation images, specifically, an MV-VD500SM or CCD video camera can be adopted, the resolution is 2560 × 1920pixels, the actual size resolution is 0.0715mm/pixels, the experimental sampling frequency of the video camera is 6.12Hz, and the focal length and the aperture of the camera are adjusted to collect the deformation images under the condition of sufficient light source.
2) The image processing system is a host and a display for processing the shot speckle images, the acquisition system transmits the acquired speckle images to the image workstation through a data transmission line, and then the image workstation performs correlation processing calculation on the digital images.
Optionally, in the above technical solution, the crack monitoring device further includes an acoustic emission monitoring system and a plurality of acoustic emission probes 8, the acoustic emission monitoring system is connected to each acoustic emission probe 8, the plurality of acoustic emission probes 8 are arranged in the experimental device box, any acoustic emission probe 8 can collect the sound signal of the position where the acoustic emission probe 8 is located, and send the sound signal to the acoustic emission monitoring system, the acoustic emission monitoring system obtains the sound signal returned by each acoustic emission probe 8, can monitor the change of the sound signal in the experimental device box, and is favorable for tracking the crack initiation and propagation conditions. An acoustic emission monitoring system of the type DS5-16, equipped with a plurality of acoustic emission probes 8, may be used. The acoustic emission monitoring system recommends acquisition of more than 16 channels, synchronous acquisition rate of 2.5-10 MHz (sampling of 10MHz at 4-channel synchronous sampling rate) and 8-channel external parameters (highest sampling rate of 50 kHz), and can continuously acquire full waveform signals released by micro-fracture, extract time information and perform three-dimensional positioning analysis. The acoustic emission monitoring system comprises an acoustic emission probe 8, an acoustic emission signal amplifier, a data acquisition instrument and the like.
Alternatively, in the above technical solution, a plurality of acoustic emission probes 8 are symmetrically arranged on the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 2, and symmetrically arranged on the left plate 5 and the right plate 6, that is, all the acoustic emission probes 8 are on the surface of the upper plate 1 located inside the experimental device box, on the surface of the lower plate 2 located inside the experimental device box, on the surface of the left plate 5 located inside the experimental device box, and on the surface of the right plate 6 located inside the experimental device box.
Optionally, in the above technical solution, the mobile terminal further includes an infrared thermometer, and the infrared thermometer is configured to: and in the process of the simulation experiment, monitoring the temperature of the preset position. The preset position can be set according to actual conditions, a plurality of preset positions can also be set, whether the experiment temperature meets the design requirements or not can be monitored through the infrared thermometer, the whole-field temperature change on the front plate 4 can be acquired, and uneven temperature in the simulation experiment device caused by heat dissipation is avoided.
Optionally, in the above technical solution, the testing device further includes a strain acquisition instrument and a plurality of strain gauges, the strain acquisition instrument is connected to each strain gauge, the plurality of strain gauges are disposed in the experimental device box, the strain acquisition instrument acquires strain data returned by each strain gauge, and the strain data returned by each strain gauge includes: the vertical direction strain and the two horizontal directions strain at the position of each strain gauge.
Any strain gauge can collect strain data of the position of the strain gauge and send the strain data to the acoustic emission monitoring system, and the acoustic emission monitoring system sends the received strain data of the position of each strain gauge to the computer terminal.
Optionally, in the above technical solution, strain gauges are provided on the simulation roof 9, the simulation floor 11, and the mining target layer 10 of the physical simulation model. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
according to the experimental test requirement, strain gauges can be selected below 100 ℃ and arranged on the simulation top plate 9, the simulation bottom plate 11 and the mining target layer 10 of the physical simulation model so as to test the local deformation of the simulation top plate 9, the simulation bottom plate 11 and the mining target layer 10 of the physical simulation model.
Optionally, in the above technical solution, the temperature measurement device further includes a plurality of temperature measurement thermocouples, and the plurality of temperature measurement thermocouples are arranged in the physical simulation model to monitor a temperature distribution characteristic inside the physical simulation model. Temperature thermocouples can be arranged on the simulation top plate 9, the simulation bottom plate 11 and the mining target layer 10 of the physical simulation model according to the experimental requirements.
Optionally, in the above technical solution, displacement sensors are further disposed on the simulation top plate 9 and the simulation bottom plate 11 of the physical simulation model to monitor displacements of the top plate and the bottom plate of the physical simulation model.
The material of the physical simulation model mainly comprises two components, which are respectively: aggregate and cementitious materials. The aggregate mainly comprises fine sand, quartz sand, rock powder and the like, and the commonly used cementing materials mainly comprise gypsum, cement, calcium carbonate, lime, kaolin, paraffin, sawdust and the like. The preparation process of the physical simulation model comprises the following steps:
determining the material similarity ratio of a mining target layer 10 according to the physical property and the mechanical property of a reservoir to be mined, determining the material similarity ratio of a simulation top plate 9 according to the physical property and the mechanical property of a top plate of the reservoir to be mined, determining the material similarity ratio of a simulation bottom plate 11 according to the physical property and the mechanical property of a bottom plate of the reservoir to be mined, then respectively allocating the mining target layer 10, the simulation top plate 9 and the simulation bottom plate 11 of a physical simulation model according to the three material ratios, and filling the mining target layer 10, the simulation top plate 11, the mining target layer 10 and the simulation top plate 9 of the physical simulation model into an experimental device box according to the sequence that the lower plate 2, the simulation bottom plate 11, the mining target layer 10 and the simulation bottom plate 11 of the physical simulation model are sequentially stacked, wherein the simulation top plate 9 of the physical simulation model is used for simulating the top plate of the reservoir to be mined, the mining target layer 10 of the physical simulation model is used for simulating the bottom plate of the reservoir to be mined. Taking a physical simulation model for mining a coal mine close-distance coal seam as an example, respectively determining physical properties and mechanical properties of a top plate, a mining target layer and a bottom plate of the physical simulation model according to a similar theory, and preparing materials, wherein the physical simulation model material takes river sand and mica as aggregates, calcium carbonate and gypsum as cementing materials, and a certain proportion of fly ash is added into the mining target layer simulation material of the physical simulation model, and the fly ash can be selected from the following materials: lime: the material ratio (mass ratio) of gypsum =9: lime: the material ratio (mass ratio) of gypsum =10: lime: gypsum =3, 0.7. The thickness of a mining target layer is 4.0m, the thickness of a top plate is 15m, and the thickness of a bottom plate is 1.4m.
The experimental process of the temperature-controllable visual exploitation simulation experimental device provided by the invention is explained by taking a coal reservoir as a reservoir to be exploited as follows:
s1, determining a material similarity ratio of an exploitation target layer 10 of a physical simulation model according to the physical property and the mechanical property of a coal reservoir, determining a material similarity ratio of a simulation top plate 9 of the physical simulation model according to the physical property and the mechanical property of a top plate of the coal reservoir, and determining a material similarity ratio of a simulation bottom plate 11 of the physical simulation model according to the physical property and the mechanical property of a bottom plate of the coal reservoir;
s2, according to the material similarity ratio of a simulation top plate 9, the material similarity ratio of a mining target layer 10 and the material similarity ratio of a simulation bottom plate 11 of the physical simulation model, manufacturing of the simulation top plate 9, the mining target layer 10 and the simulation bottom plate 11 of the physical simulation model is completed, according to the sequence from the simulation bottom to the simulation top plate 9 in the physical simulation model, the simulation bottom plate 11 of the physical simulation model, the mining target layer 10 of the physical simulation model and the simulation top plate 9 of the physical simulation model are laid in an experimental device box layer by layer, and in the laying process, strain gauges, temperature thermocouples and displacement sensors are arranged at corresponding positions according to experimental conditions. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
1) Strain gauges are arranged on a simulation top plate 9, a simulation bottom plate 11 and a mining target layer 10 of the physical simulation model;
2) The plurality of temperature thermocouples are arranged in the physical simulation model, and particularly can be arranged in a simulation top plate 9, a simulation bottom plate 11 and a mining target layer 10 of the physical simulation model to monitor the temperature distribution characteristics in the physical simulation model.
3) The displacement sensors are arranged on the simulation top plate 9 and the simulation bottom plate 11 of the physical simulation model and are respectively provided with displacement sensors to monitor the displacement of the simulation top plate 9 and the simulation bottom plate 11 of the physical simulation model.
And S3, after the physical simulation model is arranged, detaching the visual front plate 4, spraying white matte paint on an observation surface of the experiment, namely the surface of the physical simulation model which can be directly seen through the visual front plate 4, spraying black matte paint, enabling the observation surface of the physical model to present randomly distributed and uniform black spots, evaluating the quality of the spots, preparing for a digital speckle test, and then installing the visual front plate 4.
S4, detaching the upper plate 1 of the experimental device box, applying a preset load on a simulation top plate 9 of the physical simulation model by using a loading device, controlling a power supply to heat each electric heating element 7 through a computer terminal, enabling the physical simulation model at the preset load to reach a preset temperature, acquiring the visual distribution condition of the temperature field of the front plate 4 through an infrared thermometer, and comparing the visual distribution condition with the distribution condition of the temperature field formed by the back plate 3, specifically:
when the average temperature of the visual front plate 4 and the average temperature of the back plate 3 are smaller than the preset temperature difference, and the temperature change amplitude of the visual front plate 4 and the temperature change amplitude of the back plate 3 are smaller than the preset temperature change amplitude, the experiment can be started, wherein the preset temperature difference can be 1 ℃ and 2 ℃, the temperature can be set according to the actual situation, the preset temperature change amplitude can be 5 ℃ and 10 ℃, and the temperature can also be set according to the actual situation.
The distribution of the temperature field formed by the back plate 3 is shown in fig. 3.
And S5, adjusting the temperature of the electric heating element 7 according to the experiment requirement so as to control the change of the temperature field of the physical simulation model. The method comprises the steps of acquiring the evolution process of a surface and an internal temperature field and a deformation field of a physical model and the whole process of deformation and damage of a simulation top plate 9, a simulation bottom plate 11 and a target mining target layer 10 in the physical simulation model through a strain gauge, a displacement sensor, a temperature thermocouple, an acoustic emission monitoring system, an infrared thermometer and a digital speckle monitoring system, and collecting all related data by a computer terminal.
The embodiment of the invention combines a controllable temperature field and a multi-physical-field monitoring means, and breaks through the limitation of the existing physical simulation experiment through the visual similar simulation of laboratory scale. The temperature is controlled by adjusting the electrical heating elements 7 arranged on the back plate 3. For example: the method can adopt a single-point source heating mode or a multi-point source common heating mode for mining, and also can adopt a column-direction heating (single column, multiple columns), a row-direction heating (single row, multiple rows) or a column-row combined heating mode for mining, thereby achieving the purposes of autonomous control and flexible setting of experiment temperature. A user independently designs the heating mode of the electric heating element 7 according to the experimental requirements, and simulates different stages of the underground coal gasification and mining process under the laboratory condition. The evolution law of temperature-sound wave-deformation multi-physical fields of the top plate, the mining target layer 10 and the bottom plate in the experimental process is monitored by combining the strain gauge, the displacement sensor, the infrared thermometer, the digital speckle monitoring system and the acoustic emission monitoring system, and detailed experimental data are provided for green mining of coal resources.
According to the temperature-controllable visual mining simulation experiment device, the fluidized mining process of solid mineral products/coal resources is simulated similarly, the combustion space area is simulated to gradually expand along with the thermal cracking and gas/liquefaction processes of the coal walls on two sides by combining a controllable back injection point (CRIP) process, and the thermal damage cracking and stability problems of the surrounding rock of the top plate and the bottom plate in the gas/liquefaction process are observed and researched by controlling the temperature of the surrounding rock and monitoring the stress of the coal rock layer in a test space. The method is suitable for similar simulation experiments aiming at fluidized mining of various solid minerals/coal in indoor experiments, provides data reference for developing the actual in-situ conversion engineering of deep solid mineral resources, and particularly relates to the fluidized mining of the deep solid mineral resources/coal resources.
In another embodiment, the present invention provides a simulation experiment apparatus suitable for a laboratory and for simulating temperature-controlled mining visualization of underground mining of coal resources (including underground coal gasification mining), comprising: the device comprises an experimental device box, an electric heating element, a digital speckle monitoring system, an acoustic emission monitoring system, an infrared thermometer, a strain acquisition instrument, a strain gauge, a temperature thermocouple, a displacement sensor, a similar simulation material, namely a physical simulation model, and a computer terminal.
The electric heating element, the strain gauge, the physical simulation model and the temperature thermocouple are arranged in the experimental device box;
the electric heating elements are electric heating wires and thermistors made of alloy materials (achieving the purpose of 1200 ℃ experiment requirement), are placed on a back plate of the device in a point arrangement mode, and realize independent and accurate temperature control in the mining process;
the experimental device box is made of stainless steel high-temperature-resistant materials, wherein the side surface with a large surface area is selected to be provided with glass, the glass can be disassembled according to experimental requirements, the visual exploitation purpose is achieved, and the surfaces of the other side surfaces are plated with nickel;
the digital speckle monitoring system is placed in front of a visual window of an experimental device and is mainly used for acquiring strain, deformation, displacement and other information of a top plate, a bottom plate and a reservoir under the action of different temperatures in the experimental process.
The infrared thermometer is placed in front of a visual window of the experimental device and is mainly used for monitoring whether the experimental temperature meets the design requirements and acquiring the temperature change of the whole field, and the phenomenon that the temperature in the device is uneven due to heat dissipation is avoided.
The acoustic emission monitoring system is connected with a computer terminal, acoustic emission probes are arranged in spiral holes reserved in a visual window and the side surface, and each probe can monitor changes of acoustic emission signals of surrounding rock masses, so that tracking of crack initiation and expansion conditions is facilitated.
The strain acquisition instrument is connected with the strain gauge and is used for acquiring a deformation value of the top and bottom plates under the combined action of an external load and temperature in the mining process and sending the deformation value to the computer terminal;
the thermocouple is connected with a reservoir to be exploited, records the temperature change of the reservoir in the underground gasification exploitation process, and realizes accurate temperature control in the device together with the infrared thermometer;
the displacement sensor is connected with the top plate and the bottom plate of the reservoir and is used for measuring deformation and damage rules of the top plate and the bottom plate after the mining under the dual effects of load and temperature;
the similar material for simulating the solid mineral takes paraffin as a main body, different proportioning schemes are designed according to the mechanical properties of a reservoir, and the temperature in the device is automatically and accurately controlled through a computer terminal, so that the gasification-containing exploitation state of underground coal resource exploitation is realized.
The computer terminal is used for recording and displaying the collected strain value and the collected load value in real time and the rock mass deformation value collected by the displacement pressure sensor, calculating mechanical characteristic parameters of a rock mass according to the measured stress, the strain and the displacement, analyzing the damage and destruction evolution law of the coal rock mass, controlling the heating process in the mining process according to different design schemes of the electric heating element, and realizing the precise and visual mining of underground coal resources.
Furthermore, a plurality of groups of strain gauges are adhered in each test, and a plurality of groups of cross-shaped strain gauges are symmetrically adhered to the top and bottom plates respectively; through pasting multiunit foil gage at roof, bottom plate to when preventing wherein foil gage from breaking down, utilize other groups to carry out accurate survey, thereby guarantee good measuring effect.
Further, the reservoir roof and floor in the experiment can simulate rock masses with various lithologies by using similar materials, including: sandstone, mudstone, granite, shale, etc.; the purpose of simulating any lithologic rock mass by controlling the similarity ratio can be achieved, and meanwhile, the stress state of the rock mass under different burial depths can be simulated by controlling the applied load.
Furthermore, the computer terminal regulates and controls the electric heating element in the experiment, so that parameters such as heating temperature, heating rate, mining position and the like can be changed; different mining efficiencies are realized by adjusting the number of the electric heating elements, the heating scheme and other parameters, and the optimal mining scheme can be found.
Furthermore, a multi-layer top and bottom plate can be designed according to actual conditions in experiments; the experiment is designed by the method, so that the method is more suitable for the real underground mineral reservoir condition.
The specific test steps are as follows:
s10, determining similar materials of the simulated coal rock mass according to the selected coal rock reservoir characteristics;
s11, determining the similarity ratio of each part of the top plate, the coal rock mass and the bottom plate based on a similarity principle according to the physical and mechanical characteristics of the coal rock mass.
And S12, symmetrically pasting a plurality of groups of cross-shaped strain gauges on the top plate and the bottom plate in the experimental device, connecting the strain gauges with a strain acquisition instrument, and acquiring deformation rules of the top plate and the bottom plate and sending the deformation rules to a computer terminal.
And S13, temperature thermocouples are respectively placed on the top plate and the bottom plate of the experimental device, so that real-time temperature monitoring of the coal rock layer in the experimental space is realized.
And S14, completing the manufacture of similar materials of the bottom plate, and paving the bottom plate material at the bottom of the experimental device to model the actual rock stratum bottom plate.
And S15, obtaining the similarity ratio of the mining target layer according to calculation, and paving similar materials on the bottom plate.
And S16, finishing the manufacture of similar materials of the top plate, and paving the top plate on the top of the experimental device to model the actual rock stratum top plate.
S17, sealing the experimental device, injecting reservoir gas, communicating a power supply, selecting a proper heating condition at a computer terminal, simulating a gasification mining process of a mining target layer, and monitoring data such as temperature, stress, strain, displacement and the like in real time.
And S18, completing an experiment, and observing the characteristics of the simulated top plate, the simulated bottom plate and the combustion space area.
The experimental device overcomes the limitation of the traditional exploitation physical simulation model, the exploitation temperature is controlled by adjusting the electric heating element of the back plate, the deformation data of the coal rock mass is monitored, the gasification exploitation state of underground coal resource exploitation can be simulated under the laboratory condition, the deformation damage evolution rule of the coal rock mass is more accurately determined, more accurate data are provided for resource exploitation such as coal, coal bed gas and the like, and meanwhile, reference can be provided for the design schemes of underground coal gasification, underground coal gasification and common coal and gas exploitation. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
1) The user can independently select the conditions of the buried storage depth, the geological condition, the mineral content, the physical and mechanical parameters and the like of the coal rock reservoir to be mined. According to the similarity principle, the similarity proportion of the bottom plate and the top plate to the solid minerals is determined, and a similar model is manufactured by using gypsum, cement, paraffin, quartz sand and other raw materials for testing. Satisfy the demand of user's autonomy, diversified design, effectively avoided the coal rock body to bore and get the difficulty, the complicated loaded down with trivial details scheduling problem of test procedure promotes test efficiency and quality, improves measurement accuracy.
2) The electric heating element is arranged on the back plate of the device, the mining process of underground coal gasification is simulated, and a user autonomously selects parameters such as heating temperature and heating position and determines a heating scheme according to own experimental requirements at a computer terminal, so that the control of mining area and mining efficiency is realized. The operation is simple and convenient, the energy consumption is reduced, and the problem of environmental pollution caused by gas overflow is solved.
3) The experimental device effectively solves the problem that the projects such as coal underground gasification, geothermal heat and the like in the actual project are influenced by geological conditions, hydrographic conditions and the like. The difficult and heavy field test is accurately converted into an indoor test, and visual in-situ mining is really realized, so that the thermal damage and the fracture and the stability of the surrounding rock are visually observed and researched.
The experimental device simulates underground gasification exploitation temperature by adopting a point source heating mode of the electric heating element, a user carries out electric heating element arrangement by independently designing parameters such as the diameter, the distance and the like of the electric heating element, and controls the heating temperature of a single power supply through a computer so as to simulate a whole heating temperature field. Therefore, the reservoir gasification process is simulated, and data such as temperature, stress, strain, displacement and the like are monitored in real time.
The experimental device accurately converts difficult and serious field tests into indoor tests, and provides the visual experimental device and method for analog simulation of the controllable temperature field. The coal bed gas visual mining, the coal underground gasification and other simulations are really realized, so that the thermal cracking damage and the stability of the surrounding rock are visually observed and researched.
In the present invention, the terms "first", "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the description of the specification, reference to the description of "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, various embodiments or examples and features of various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without being mutually inconsistent.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a controllable visual simulation experiment device of exploitation of temperature, its characterized in that, includes computer terminal to and the experimental apparatus case that forms is enclosed by upper plate, hypoplastron, backplate, front bezel, left side board and right side board, the experimental apparatus incasement is filled with the physical simulation model, the physical simulation model is including being used for simulating the exploitation target layer of treating the exploitation reservoir, being used for simulating the simulation roof of treating the roof of exploiting the reservoir to and be used for simulating the simulation bottom plate of treating the bottom plate of exploiting the reservoir, the hypoplastron the simulation bottom plate the exploitation target layer with the simulation roof is range upon range of the setting in proper order, the material of front bezel is transparent material, be located on the backplate a plurality of electric heating element have still been arranged on the surface in the experimental apparatus case, computer terminal is used for: and controlling a power supply to electrify each electric heating element so as to carry out a temperature-controlled visual mining simulation experiment.
2. The controlled-temperature mining visualization simulation experiment device of claim 1, further comprising a digital speckle monitoring system configured to: and in the process of the simulation experiment, shooting deformation images of the physical simulation model at different temperatures from the front plate.
3. The temperature-controllable visual mining simulation experiment device according to claim 1, further comprising an acoustic emission monitoring system and a plurality of acoustic emission probes, wherein the acoustic emission monitoring system is connected with each acoustic emission probe, and the plurality of acoustic emission probes are arranged in the experiment device box.
4. The temperature-controlled mining visualization simulation experiment device according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of acoustic emission probes are symmetrically arranged on the upper plate and the lower plate, and symmetrically arranged on the left plate and the right plate.
5. The visual simulation experiment device for mining with controllable temperature according to claim 1, further comprising an infrared thermometer, wherein the infrared thermometer is used for: and monitoring the temperature of a preset position in the process of the simulation experiment.
6. The temperature-controlled mining visualization simulation experiment device according to claim 1, further comprising a strain acquisition instrument and a plurality of strain gauges, wherein the strain acquisition instrument is connected with each strain gauge, the plurality of strain gauges are arranged in the experiment device box, and the strain acquisition instrument acquires strain data returned by each strain gauge.
7. The temperature-controllable mining visualization simulation experiment device according to claim 6, wherein strain gauges are arranged on the simulation top plate, the simulation bottom plate and the mining target layer coal seam of the physical simulation model.
8. The controlled-temperature mining visual simulation experiment device according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of temperature thermocouples arranged within the physical simulation model to monitor temperature distribution characteristics within the physical simulation model.
9. The controlled-temperature mining visual simulation experiment device according to claim 1, wherein displacement sensors are arranged on the simulation top plate and the simulation bottom plate of the physical simulation model to monitor the displacement of the simulation top plate and the simulation bottom plate of the physical simulation model.
10. A temperature-controlled visual simulation experiment apparatus for mining according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the transparent material is glass.
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