CN115306025A

CN115306025A - Tenon-and-mortise concrete combined section bar for water conservancy buildings and assembling method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN115306025A
Application number: CN202211207472.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 段志祥
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-09-30
Filing date: 2022-09-30
Publication date: 2022-11-08

Abstract

The invention discloses a tenon-and-mortise concrete combined section bar for a water conservancy building and an assembling method thereof, wherein the tenon-and-mortise concrete combined section bar comprises a main body and tenon-and-mortise joints, the main body is in a fixed-length strip shape, the tenon-and-mortise joints are arranged on one side or two sides of the main body, and the width of the main body is equal to or in a multiple relation with the width of the tenon-and-mortise joints; the tenon-and-mortise work is provided with a semicircular hole in the center of the length of the lock tenon arranged on one side or two side lines of the main body of the section bar, and an anchoring hole for inserting a special lock bolt is formed when the tenon-and-mortise work of the two section bars are interlocked and assembled. The invention can be used for assembling culverts, tunnels, pipe galleries, ditches, mountain slope protection and river channels in water conservancy traffic, and can form a compact interlocking assembly structure in all directions from top to bottom and from left to right through interlocking assembly methods in various forms such as corresponding intersection, dislocation, symmetry, overlapping and the like, thereby thoroughly solving the problem of cracking and leakage of the canals and canals.

Description

Tenon-and-mortise concrete combined section bar for water conservancy buildings and assembling method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to water conservancy and traffic foundation engineering construction, in particular to a mortise and tenon concrete combined section for water conservancy buildings and an assembling method thereof.

Background

With the technology development of the economic construction of China which is changing day by day, the water conservancy and traffic construction across cities and villages, for another building field after the real estate development of China, in the field, how to convert the successful technologies in the house building, such as the high-strength, anti-seismic, anti-cracking and waterproof technical products of the masonry structure, into the hydraulic engineering construction of the traffic of culverts, tunnels, pipe galleries, ditches and river channels by combining the characteristics of the hydraulic engineering so as to change the problems that the cement products of the culvert and the masonry structure are generated in the hydraulic engineering, the cement products of the culvert and the masonry structure are subjected to high peripheral pressure, the erosion of external acid and alkali materials is strong, the masonry structure is cracked and leaked, the river water pollution is caused, the cracking and leakage phenomena commonly occur around some river channels, suspended aqueducts, river channels and river beds, and the serious construction projects of national investment in terms are brought about very tricky, and the reasons are roughly analyzed as follows:

1. in the engineering design stage, the deep cause of general cracking caused by dry shrinkage of a concrete product is not fully realized, so that the serious consequences are brought, or the traditional, simple and uncompleted process method is realized, so that the serious leakage phenomenon caused by the uncontrollable dry shrinkage cracking of the product at the later stage is caused.

2. The internal compactness and the compressive strength of the component product are not high enough, which reflects that on one hand, the quality of the component product is not too hard due to the fact that the process for selecting materials for the formula is not strict or the production means and equipment are lagged behind.

3. The two slope surfaces of the canal are built by concrete blocks or rocks, the two slope surfaces are bonded by cement mortar, or large blocks of plates are processed, mechanical extrusion is avoided, fibers are not added in ingredients, the thickness proportion of some large-area components to products is not proper, the internal compactness of the products is seriously insufficient due to the conventional manufacturing process, the expansion joint treatment width of the plate body is increased, the length, the width and the thickness proportion are unbalanced, the concrete products have large dry contractibility and specific anti-cracking effective measures are not taken, the products are difficult to be affected by external environment and are slightly dynamic and static, the phenomenon of stress concentration and damage is generated, and irregular cracks are caused.

4. The not firing of the interior wall body reform of country that emerges clones red brick, building block, blindly imitate red brick and build and use mortar for building, masonry material with use the inside quality of mortar seriously not match, cause the condition ratio of brickwork fracture to be all the same, the problem that appears among the hydraulic engineering is more serious.

5. The domestic building waterproof is coated by organic waterproof materials with poor cost performance, the house leakage case is even overwhelmed, and the house leakage case also comprises domestic major hydraulic engineering construction, so that the use and maintenance period is short, the use and maintenance period is 5-6 years for most, and the maintenance and repair are needed for 2-3 years for less.

6. The modules of domestic building blocks and plate products are not uniform, the building blocks and the plate products cannot be flexible and universal, so that various wastes of dies are caused, and the forming machines are different, so that the waste of one-time investment and the increase of production and transportation costs are caused.

7. The traditional process method only can be used for intensive labor force construction, and can not be used for replacing the labor force by a robot, and the components have large field construction amount and are limited by environmental climate, so that the project progress is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to improve and innovate the problems in the background art, provides a traditional and novel concrete combined section bar with a mortise and tenon structure and an assembling method thereof, and solves the problems of cracking and leakage in the existing hydraulic engineering.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a tenon-and-mortise concrete combined section for water conservancy buildings comprises a main body and tenon-and-mortise parts, wherein the main body is in a fixed-length strip shape, the tenon-and-mortise parts are arranged on one side or two sides of the main body, and the width of the main body is equal to or in a multiple relation with the width of the tenon-and-mortise parts; the tenon-and-mortise work is provided with a semicircular hole in the center of the length of the lock tenon arranged on one side or two side lines of the main body of the section bar, and an anchoring hole for inserting a special lock bolt is formed when the tenon-and-mortise work of the two section bars are interlocked and assembled.

Furthermore, the main body is provided with through holes or blind holes with large and small intervals, wherein the large hole is triangular or circular and is positioned at the center of the lock tenon, and the small hole is circular and is positioned at the center of the two mortise holes on the main body.

Furthermore, the section bars are 3 groups in total, wherein the first group consists of S1 and S2, the mortise and tenon joint is arranged on one side of the main body, the width of the mortise and tenon joint is equal to that of the main body, and the height of the S1 is 1/2 of the height of the S2; the second group consists of S3 and S4, wherein tenon-and-mortise parts with the same width as the main body are arranged on two sides of the main body, and the height of the S3 is 1/2 of the height of the S4; the third group consists of S5 and S6, the tenon-and-mortise joints are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the main body, the width of the main body of the section bar is 2 times of the width of the tenon-and-mortise joint, and the height of S5 is 1/2 of the height of S6; the widths of all the mortise and tenon joints are equal to the lengths of the mortise and tenon joints, and the heights of the S1, S3 and S5 sectional materials are consistent.

Furthermore, the tenon-and-mortise is a dovetail-shaped tenon-and-mortise with the angle of 75-80 degrees.

Furthermore, before assembly, the tenon-and-mortise joint surface is coated or sprayed with graphene inorganic waterproof anticorrosive paint.

Furthermore, the special lock bolt is a round or square rod made of the same material as the section bar, and a layer of graphene inorganic waterproof anticorrosive paint is wrapped outside the lock bolt and is used after being solidified or being coated on site.

Furthermore, one or two convex lock tenons and concave lock grooves which are correspondingly interlocked and assembled are arranged on the two sides of the main body along the horizontal direction.

Furthermore, the length, width and height ratios of the combined section are matched with the modulus of 100mm carry.

The invention also discloses an assembling method of any one of the tenon-and-mortise concrete combined section bars for the water conservancy buildings, which at least comprises the steps that when the section bars S1 and S2 with the unidirectional tenon-and-mortise structures are assembled in a vertical interlocking manner, the adjacent two section bars are heightened or lengthened by interlocking assembly meshing of positive tenon-and-mortise dislocation 1/2; or

When the sections S3, S4, S5 or S6 of the bidirectional mortise and tenon structure are horizontally interlocked and assembled, the adjacent two sections are widened or lengthened by mortise and tenon staggered interlocking and assembling occlusion; or

When the profiles of the two-way mortise and tenon joint and the one-way mortise and tenon joint are assembled in a vertical interlocking mode, the profiles S1 and S2 of the one-way mortise and tenon joint are subjected to positive mortise and tenon joint dislocation 1/2 interlocking assembly occlusion sealing and flattening on one side or two sides of the outer sides of the profiles S3, S4, S5 or S6 of the two-way mortise and tenon joint;

and after assembling, hammering, pressing in and anchoring the round holes after tenon-and-mortise combination by using the lock bolt, cleaning and leveling by using plain concrete, and spraying the graphene inorganic waterproof anticorrosive paint.

Further, the assembling method of the tenon-and-mortise concrete combined section bar specifically comprises the following assembling steps: (1) The combined section assembly horizontal plane utilizes the S5 or S6 section as a core main body according to design requirements, longitudinally corresponds to staggered mortise and tenon engagement, can infinitely prolong assembly, the end head is supplemented with a cut block to be engaged and laid flat, the horizontally corresponding staggered mortise and tenon engagement can be infinitely widened, and S1 or S2 sections with equal height in marginal use are engaged, interlocked, assembled and leveled until the design length and width requirements are met; or

(2) The vertical surfaces are assembled by combining sectional materials, according to the specific design requirements, the lowest layer is assembled by horizontally staggering S1 and S2 sectional materials, symmetrical mortise and tenon interlocking assembly is realized, or S1 and S2 sectional materials are respectively horizontally staggered with S3, S4, S5 or S6 sectional materials, symmetrical mortise and tenon interlocking assembly is realized, stepped interlocking with high and low is realized, corresponding sectional materials are used for aligning the mortise and tenon joints at the dislocation position of the first layer after the second layer is carried out, vertical repeated upward cross interlocking masonry is realized, the height drop formed at the topmost end of the design height is reached, and the omnibearing interlocking assembly and height increase of the mortise and tenon joints are realized; or

(3) Assembling the cross parts of the vertical plane and the horizontal plane, assembling the cross parts of the vertical plane and the horizontal plane in a staggered interlocking manner by using S5 or S6 sectional materials in the plane direction according to the specific requirements of a designed body, assembling the cross parts of the vertical plane and the horizontal plane by using S1 or S2 sectional materials with the same height as S5 or S6 in the vertical direction, assembling the cross parts of the vertical plane and the horizontal plane upwards by using the S2 sectional materials with the same height in the first layer until the design height is reached, and building the step surface at the topmost end by using the S1 sectional materials to be flat, wherein the corresponding horizontal structure and the vertical structure are assembled in the same method; or

(4) Assembling the slope surface and a horizontal trapezoid at an angle, according to the specific requirements of a designed object, the method can be suitable for assembling a trapezoid ditch and a riverbed, an S5 or S6 high profile is used for assembling a bottom plane during assembling, S1 and S2 profiles are used for the trapezoid slope surface, the bottom layer is still in a high-low mode and corresponds to the bottom plane profile in a tenon-mortise staggered mode, the angle assembly of more than 90 degrees is formed according to the design gradient, an angle space formed by the upper part and the lower part of the bottom layer is filled with homogeneous concrete, and 1.5-2mm of graphene inorganic waterproof anticorrosive paint is sprayed on the inner layer surface; or

(5) Arc-shaped assembly, wherein the top end of a square gallery is an arc-shaped arch body according to the specific requirements of a designed object, and the assembly is characterized in that S5 or S6 sectional materials are used for staggered interlocking assembly, the assembly can be carried out indoors or in a field die-sleeving manner, the included angle space formed by the occlusion bodies with the reduced arc mortise and tenon joints is sealed and compacted by homogeneous concrete, and graphene inorganic waterproof anticorrosive paint with the thickness of 1.5-2mm is sprayed on the top surface and the inner layer surface respectively; or

(6) Assembling a circular pipe gallery, processing a detachable wood pattern tube with the same inner diameter as the pipe fitting according to the designed diameter of the pipe gallery, vertically fixing a first S5 or S6 section along the length direction of the wood pattern tube, then using the sections of the same type in sequence, assembling the fixed sections in a staggered interlocking manner, simultaneously rolling the wood pattern tube until the whole circular pipe fitting is assembled, filling and leveling the formed included angle space with fiber concrete, disassembling the wood pattern tube, assembling the next pipe fitting, assembling according to 100 percent of occlusion as parallel, taking the arc distances of the marginal arcs of the mortise and tenon section as 16 percent, 17 percent, 25 percent and 41 percent as the effective safety levels of the tenon structure, wherein the included angles formed by the arcs of the mortise and tenon section are respectively 176-177 degrees, 175-176 degrees, 173-174 degrees and 169-170 degrees, the diameters of the assembled circular pipe are respectively 5m, 4m, 3m and 2m in sequence, and wrapping the pipe body with films before and after assembly so as to facilitate natural maintenance. When the pipe fittings are assembled and connected in the later period, the short blocks of the section bars with the same number are used for supplementing and interlocking and assembling adjacent components, the adjacent components are connected in series to form a pipe gallery, concrete is supplemented inside and outside the well-assembled round pipe, and graphene inorganic waterproof anticorrosive paint with the thickness of 1.5-2mm is sprayed on the well-assembled round pipe; or

(7) In order to prevent assembly of the gate in special situations, when the riverbed is assembled, gate bolt openings for opening and closing the gate are arranged on two water retaining walls of the riverbed in an uninterrupted and symmetrical mode, the specific assembly method is that S3 or S4 sectional materials are used and assembled on two inner sides of a river and a canal in a symmetrical and staggered and interlocking mode, S1 or S2 sectional materials are used for being occluded with bottom plane S5 or S6 sectional materials in a tenon-and-mortise mode alternately in staggered layers to form an included angle or right angle omnibearing interlocking assembly structure body, and the water retaining walls on two sides of the riverbed and the bottom surface layer of the river are coated with 1.5-2mm of graphene inorganic waterproof anticorrosive paint.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. as the tenon-and-mortise structure building experiences weather erosion and strong earthquake damage for thousands of years in China, the tenon-and-mortise structure building is introduced into the concrete product building block and used in hydraulic engineering, and has great research and development significance and economic value.

2. The single sectional material with tenon-and-mortise structure has the same width as the length of the building block, proper length, width and height ratio, and is formed by pressing with a high-tonnage hydraulic press, the compressive strength reaches 25MPa under the condition of a hollow rate of 30 percent, which is 2 to 6 times that of the conventional product, and the elastic modulus is several times higher than that of the conventional product.

4. The tenon-and-mortise structure section bar has the same module with the domestic building blocks, is a strip section bar, can be cut into homomorphic building block bodies with different lengths, and has the advantages of universality, convenience and flexible application when being applied to combined assembly.

5. When the tenon-and-mortise work structural product is used for building various projects of a water conservancy traffic system, the module is uniform, the length is consistent, and the tenon-and-mortise work structural product can be vertically assembled in a staggered interlocking manner and can also be horizontally assembled in a staggered interlocking manner to form structural components required by water conservancy projects with different shapes and different application functions, and experiments prove that: under the conditions of outdoor wind and rain, frost freezing and high-temperature roasting, no crack occurs on the assembled parts, the good anti-cracking stable effect of the masonry is shown, and the reliability and the universality of the assembled parts are superior to those of similar products and structures at home and abroad.

6. When the section bar is used for assembling components, the section bar is suitable for manual assembling and also suitable for mechanical and robot assembling, the labor intensity of workers and the production cost can be effectively reduced, the construction period is shortened, and the benefit is obviously improved.

7. The graphene inorganic waterproof anticorrosive paint adopted by the invention is matched with the raw materials of mortise and tenon products because all the graphene inorganic waterproof anticorrosive paint is an inorganic material. Meanwhile, the most core material in the ingredients is graphene, and the flexibility, the elastoplasticity, the high-strength bonding stability and the durability and the wear resistance of the graphene are utilized. Meanwhile, the coating is water-soluble coating, is easy to use, is convenient to manually brush, is sprayed by a machine or a robot, has a coating thickness of 1-2mm, and is very consistent with the technological use requirements of the tenon-and-mortise structure.

No matter the assembly in the vertical direction and the assembly in the horizontal area or the assembly in other angle changes, before the assembly, the graphene inorganic waterproof and anticorrosive paint is manually coated on an assembly site, or is sprayed by mechanical equipment, or is sprayed on a mortise and tenon joint surface by a robot, and after the assembly is finished, the graphene inorganic waterproof and anticorrosive paint with the thickness of 1.5-2mm is sprayed on the surface of an object by cleaning the object plane, so that the assembled engineering forms a perfect whole which integrates a high-strength structure, high waterproof quality and high strength interconnection.

When the tenon-and-mortise structure combined section is applied to the existing hydraulic engineering, the tenon-and-mortise staggered assembly in various forms such as corresponding crossing, dislocation, symmetry, overlapping and the like is adopted, so that an omnibearing tightly interlocked assembled structure is formed between the whole structures, and the tenon-and-mortise structure combined section is formed by assembling all the same materials, so that the problem of cracking and leakage in the existing hydraulic engineering is solved, and the assembly is convenient.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the S1 section bar in the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the S2 profile of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the S3 section bar in the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the S4 profile of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the S5 section bar in the invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the S6 profile of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the large holes in 7-1 are triangular through holes or blind holes, and the large holes in 7-2 are circular through holes or blind holes;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic representation of the profile of the present invention at different lengths;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the assembly level of a composite profile of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of assembled vertical planes of the composite section of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the assembled trapezoidal channel and riverbed of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a square assembled from composite profiles according to the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the square arc arched canopy assembled by the composite profiles of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the assembled circular pipe rack of the composite profiles of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a river bed with gates assembled by the combined section bar of the invention;

in the figure, 1 is a main body, 2 is a lock tenon, 3 is a mortise hole, 4 is a lifting hole, 5 is an anchoring hole, 6 is a large through hole or a large blind hole, 7 is a small through hole, 8 is a convex lock tenon, 9 is a concave lock groove, 10 is a gate, and 11 is a special lock bolt.

Detailed Description

To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. However, the invention may be implemented in many different lengths and in different numbers with different geometrical dimensions and different angles, and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

The combined section bars in the figures 1 to 6 are solid section bars in the tenon-and-mortise combined section bars, and are composed of six section bars S1 to S6, all the section bars are long, the six section bars are divided into 3 groups, and each group is provided with 2 section bars with different heights. The first group consists of S1 and S2, as shown in figures 1 and 2, the first group is divided into a main body 1, a locking tenon 2, a mortise hole 3, an anchoring hole 5 and a lifting hole 4, the tenon and mortise are arranged on one side of the main body 1, the width of the tenon and mortise is equal to that of the main body, and the height of the S1 is 1/2 of the height of the S2;

the group 2 consists of S3 and S4, as shown in the figures 3 and 4, the main body is 1, the locking tenon is 2, the mortise hole is 3, the anchoring hole is 5, the lifting hole is 4, the tenon-mortise parts arranged on the two sides of the main body 1 are as wide as the main body, and the height of the S3 is 1/2 of the height of the S4;

the 3 rd group is composed of S5 and S6, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the two sides of the main body 1 are provided with universal mortise and tenon joints which can be assembled in an interlocking way, the main body is 1, the lock tenon is 2, the mortise hole is 3, the anchoring hole is 5, the lifting hole is 4, the width of the main body is 1 time of the width of the lock tenon, and the height of the S5 is 1/2 of the height of the S6.

And the centers of the lengths of the locking tenons arranged on the side lines or two side lines of the main body of the section bar are provided with semicircular holes, and an anchoring hole for inserting a special locking bolt is formed when the tenon-and-mortise parts of the two section bars are interlocked and assembled. The mortise and tenon structure has mortise and tenon shape corresponding to the single side line or the double side line of the main body or with opening angle of 75-80 deg, and has mortise and tenon shape identical to the shape, length and width of the mortise and tenon, S1, S3 and S5 sections, length, width and height of the combined sections matching the module of 100mm carry, and the module is identical to that of traditional building block.

In order to reduce the unit weight of the main body of the mortise and tenon combined section bar, in another embodiment of the invention, the main body of the S1-S6 section bar is provided with holes with large and small intervals, wherein the large hole is a triangular or circular through hole or blind hole and is positioned at the center of the lock tenon, and the small hole is a circular through hole or blind hole and is positioned at the centers of the mortise holes on the two main bodies, as shown in figure 7.

In order to increase the anti-leakage effect of the mortise and tenon combined section bar, in another embodiment of the invention, one or two convex lock tenons are arranged on the front surface of the main body of the S1-S6 section bar in the horizontal direction, and the back surface is provided with a concave lock groove which is correspondingly interlocked and assembled with the convex lock tenons in the horizontal direction, as shown in figure 8. Thus, when the combined section is horizontally assembled in a concave-convex interlocking manner, the anti-leakage effect can be increased.

In order to facilitate the processing of the mortise and tenon combined section bar, various section bars in the above embodiments are uniformly produced into standard section bars with the length of 2000mm by adopting a high-tonnage hydraulic press for press forming, and then the section bars with the lengths of 200mm, 400mm, 600mm, 800mm, 1000mm, 1200mm, 1400mm, 1600mm, 1800mm and 2000mm are obtained by cutting according to different requirements, as shown in figure 9. The method can also be used for producing 1000mm, 1200mm, 1400mm, 1600mm or 1800mm section bars according to the size of the existing equipment die.

The tenon-and-mortise combined section bar is assembled into structural parts required by hydraulic engineering with different shapes and different application functions, such as three types of assembled ditches and riverways, one type of ditch, ditch and riverway formed by flat ground, one type of culvert, tunnel or riverway under the ground, and one type of open-air erected aqueduct and overhead riverway. In overhead riverways, supporting reinforcing meshes or frames must be prefabricated in the section bars to safely support suspended loads and ensure the quality safety of projects. The composite material can be assembled into square, circular arch and circular components, and can be widely applied to rural areas, urban ditches, underground rivers, grain storage bins, fishponds, enclosing walls, highway revetments, highway sound barriers, bridges, curbstones, tunnels, culverts, pipe galleries, urban roads, squares, playgrounds, swimming pools, building walls, ring beams, floors and structural columns.

The specific assembling method of the tenon-and-mortise combined section bar comprises the following steps:

such as the sectional assembly level of the composite profile in fig. 10. Taking S5 or S6 section bar, according to the thickness requirement of area design, or using S5 or S6 alone, using interlocking splicing mortise and tenon joints designed in the direction of two sides of the main body of the section bar, taking a block body in the same shape to the center of the main body of the section bar or any position which can be interlocked under at least 2 mortise holes, splicing mortise and tenon joints after corresponding dislocation along the longitudinal direction, being infinitely long, using cut block bodies to supplement, interlock and build the end head, using horizontally corresponding dislocated mortise and tenon joints to widen infinitely, using S1 or S2 section bars with equal height to interlock, splice and flush until reaching the requirement of the design length and width, after plane splicing, using graphene inorganic waterproof and anticorrosive paint, in order to further strengthen the whole plane, using standby homogeneous material to plug, anchoring into the hole formed by the mortise and tenon joint, cleaning the leveling plane, using machinery or robot to spray the graphene inorganic waterproof and anticorrosive paint with strong fluidity on the assembly site for 1-2 times, and enabling the surface of the spliced plate to form a full-covering coating with thickness of 1.5-2 mm.

According to the designed specific requirements, the lowest layer is horizontally staggered by using S1 and S2 sectional materials, the combined sectional materials are symmetrically assembled in a mortise-tenon interlocking manner and are in stepped interlocking, the corresponding mortise and tenon joints of the S2 sectional materials are aligned to the staggered position of the first layer after the second layer, and the staggered positions are vertically and repeatedly overlapped upwards in an interlocking manner to build the combined sectional materials in a crossed manner, so that the highest height formed by the highest end of the designed height is achieved, and the omnibearing interlocking assembly and height increase of the mortise and tenon joints are realized. The lowest layer can be horizontally staggered by S3, S4, S5 or S6 sectional materials, symmetrically interlocked and spliced in mortise and tenon joints, then the S1 and S2 sectional materials are used for supplementing at two sides to present stepped interlocking in height, corresponding tenon and mortise joints of the second layer are aligned to the staggered position of the first layer by the corresponding sectional materials, and the staggered position is vertically and repeatedly interlocked and built upwards in a crossing way, so that the highest height difference formed at the top of the designed height is achieved, and the omnibearing interlocked, splicing and heightening of the mortise and tenon joints are realized.

As shown in fig. 12, the method can be adapted to the assembly of a trapezoidal ditch and a riverbed according to the specific requirements of designed objects, the bottom plane is assembled by using S5 or S6 high sectional materials, the trapezoidal slope surface uses S1 and S2 sectional materials, the bottom layer is still in mortise-tenon dislocation correspondence with the sectional materials of the bottom plane, the bottom layer is assembled according to the designed gradient at an angle larger than 90 degrees, the angle space formed by the upper and lower parts of the bottom layer is filled with homogeneous concrete, and the inner layer surface is sprayed with 1.5-2mm of graphene inorganic waterproof anticorrosive paint.

As shown in fig. 13, a square body is assembled, according to the specific requirements of the designed body, S5 or S6 sectional materials are used for staggered interlocking assembly in the plane direction, S1 or S2 sectional materials with the same height as S5 or S6 are used in the vertical direction, the first layer is also formed with height drop, the S2 sectional materials with high height are assembled upwards in a positive-negative mode until the designed height is reached, the step surface at the topmost end is laid flat by the S1 sectional materials, and the corresponding horizontal and vertical structure assembling method is the same, so that the omnibearing interlocking assembly of the square pipe body is realized.

The square arc arched top cover is assembled as shown in fig. 14, the top end of the square gallery is an arc arched body, and the assembly is characterized in that S5 or S6 section bars are used for staggered interlocking assembly, the assembly can be carried out indoors or on-site die sleeving, the included angle space formed by the occlusion bodies with the arc mortise and tenon reduced is sealed and built by homogeneous concrete, and graphene inorganic waterproof anticorrosive paint with the thickness of 1.5-2mm is sprayed on the top surface and the inner layer surface respectively.

Assembling a circular pipe gallery as shown in fig. 15, processing a mountable and dismountable wood pattern tube with the same inner diameter as the pipe fitting according to the designed diameter of the pipe gallery, vertically fixing a first S5 or S6 section along the length direction of the wood pattern tube, using the sections of the same type in sequence, assembling the fixed sections in a staggered interlocking manner, rolling the wood pattern tube until the whole circular pipe fitting is assembled, filling and leveling the formed included angle space with fiber concrete, disassembling the wood pattern tube, assembling the next pipe fitting, wherein the tenon and mortise are parallel according to 100% occlusion during assembling, the arc and circle distances of the locking tenon and mortise leaving marginal section along the arc and circle are respectively 16%, 17%, 25% and 41% as the effective safety level of the tenon and mortise structure, the included angles formed by the arcs are respectively 176-177 degrees, 175-176 degrees, 173-174 degrees and 169-170 degrees, the diameters of the assembled circular pipe are respectively 5m, 4m, 3m and 2m, and wrapping the pipe body with films in sequence for square assembly and natural maintenance. And when the later-stage pipe fitting is assembled and connected with the pipe fitting, the short blocks of the section bars with the same number are used for supplementing and interlocking and assembling adjacent parts, the adjacent parts are connected in series to form a pipe gallery, concrete is supplemented inside and outside the assembled round pipe, and the graphene inorganic waterproof anticorrosive paint with the thickness of 1.5-2mm is sprayed on the assembled round pipe.

As shown in fig. 16, in order to prevent the assembly of the gate in special situations, when the riverbed is assembled, gate plug openings for opening and closing the gate are arranged on two water retaining walls of the riverbed uninterruptedly and symmetrically, the concrete assembly method is that S3 or S4 sectional materials are used and are assembled on two inner sides of a river or a canal in a staggered and interlocking manner symmetrically, S1 or S2 sectional materials are used for interlocking and mortise interlocking with a bottom plane S5 or S6 sectional material in an alternate staggered manner to form an included angle or right angle omnibearing interlocking assembly structure, and graphene inorganic waterproof anticorrosive paint with the thickness of 1.5-2mm is coated on the water retaining walls on two sides of the riverbed and the bottom surface layer of the river.

The embodiments of the present invention are described only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not for the limitation of the concept and scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the design concept of the present invention shall fall into the protection scope of the present invention, and the technical content of the present invention which is claimed is fully set forth in the claims.

Claims

1. A tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches concrete combination section bar for water conservancy building which characterized in that: the tenon-and-mortise combined type mortise and tenon joint comprises a main body and tenon-and-mortise joints, wherein the main body is in a fixed-length strip shape, the tenon-and-mortise joints are arranged on one side or two sides of the main body, and the width of the main body is equal to or in a multiple relation with the width of the tenon-and-mortise joints; the tenon-and-mortise work is provided with a semicircular hole in the center of the length of the lock tenon arranged on one side or two side lines of the main body of the section bar, and an anchoring hole for inserting a special lock bolt is formed when the tenon-and-mortise work of the two section bars are interlocked and assembled.

2. The tenon-and-mortise concrete combined section bar for water conservancy buildings according to claim 1, wherein the tenon-and-mortise concrete combined section bar comprises: the main body is provided with large and small spaced through holes or blind holes, wherein the large hole is triangular or circular and is positioned in the center of the lock tenon, and the small hole is circular and is positioned in the centers of the two mortise holes on the main body.

3. The tenon-and-mortise concrete combined section bar for the water conservancy buildings according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tenon-and-mortise concrete combined section bar comprises: the section bars are 3 groups in total, wherein the first group consists of S1 and S2, the mortise and tenon joint is arranged on one side of the main body, the width of the mortise and tenon joint is equal to that of the main body, and the height of S1 is 1/2 of the height of S2; the second group consists of S3 and S4, tenon-and-mortise parts with the same width as the main body are arranged on two sides of the main body, and the height of the S3 is 1/2 of the height of the S4; the third group consists of S5 and S6, the tenon-and-mortise joints are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the main body, the width of the main body of the section bar is 2 times of the width of the tenon-and-mortise joint, and the height of S5 is 1/2 of the height of S6; the widths of all the mortise and tenon joints are equal to the lengths of the mortise and tenon joints, and the heights of the S1, S3 and S5 sectional materials are consistent.

4. The tenon-and-mortise concrete combined section bar for water conservancy buildings according to claim 1, wherein the tenon-and-mortise concrete combined section bar comprises: the tenon-and-mortise work is a dovetail-shaped tenon-and-mortise work with the angle of 75-80 degrees.

5. The tenon-and-mortise concrete combined section bar for water conservancy buildings according to claim 1, wherein the tenon-and-mortise concrete combined section bar comprises: before assembly, the tenon-and-mortise joint surface is coated or sprayed with graphene inorganic waterproof anticorrosive paint.

6. The tenon-and-mortise concrete combined section bar for water conservancy buildings according to claim 1, wherein the tenon-and-mortise concrete combined section bar comprises: the special lock bolt is a round or square rod made of the same material as the section bar, and a layer of graphene inorganic waterproof anticorrosive paint is wrapped outside the lock bolt and is used after being solidified or being coated on site.

7. The mortise and tenon concrete combined section bar for the water conservancy buildings according to claim 1, wherein the mortise and tenon concrete combined section bar comprises: and one or two convex lock tenons and concave lock grooves which are correspondingly interlocked and assembled are arranged on the two sides of the main body along the horizontal direction.

8. The tenon-and-mortise concrete combined section bar for water conservancy buildings according to claim 1, wherein the tenon-and-mortise concrete combined section bar comprises: the length, width and height ratios of the combined section are consistent with the module of 100mm carry.

9. The assembling method of any one of the tenon-and-mortise concrete combined section bars for water conservancy buildings according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that when the section bars S1 and S2 at least comprising the unidirectional tenon-and-mortise structures are assembled in a vertical interlocking manner, the adjacent two section bars are heightened or lengthened by positive tenon-and-mortise dislocation 1/2 interlocking assembly occlusion; or

10. The assembling method of the mortise and tenon concrete combined section bar for the water conservancy buildings according to claim 9, wherein the assembling method comprises the following steps: (1) The combined section bar is assembled on a horizontal plane, the S5 or S6 section bar is used as a core main body according to design requirements, the longitudinal corresponding staggered mortise and tenon engagement can be used for infinitely prolonging the assembly, the end head is complemented with a cut block for engagement and leveling, the horizontal corresponding staggered mortise and tenon engagement can be infinitely widened, the S1 or S2 section bars with equal height in marginal use are engaged, interlocked, assembled and leveled, and the requirements on the design length and width are met; or

(2) The vertical surfaces are assembled by combining sectional materials, according to the specific design requirements, the lowest layer is assembled by horizontally staggering S1 and S2 sectional materials, symmetrical mortise and tenon interlocking assembly is realized, or S1 and S2 sectional materials are respectively horizontally staggered with S3, S4, S5 or S6 sectional materials, symmetrical mortise and tenon interlocking assembly is realized, stepped interlocking at high and low is realized, corresponding sectional materials are used for aligning the mortise and tenon at the staggered position of the first layer after the second layer, vertical repeated upward cross interlocking masonry is realized, the height drop formed at the topmost end of the design height is reached, and the omnibearing interlocking assembly and height increase of the mortise and tenon is realized; or

(3) Assembling the vertical plane and the horizontal plane at the intersection, according to the specific requirements of a designed body, assembling S5 or S6 sectional materials in a staggered interlocking manner in the plane direction, using S1 or S2 sectional materials with the same height as S5 or S6 in the vertical direction, and under the condition that the height difference is formed in the first layer, assembling the S2 sectional materials in a positive-negative upward manner until the designed height is reached, and building the step surface at the topmost end by using the S1 sectional materials to be flat, wherein the corresponding horizontal structure and the vertical structure are assembled in the same way; or

(4) The slope surface is assembled with a horizontal trapezoid at an angle, the method can adapt to the assembly of a trapezoid ditch and a riverbed according to the specific requirements of a designed object, a bottom plane is assembled by using S5 or S6 high sectional materials, the trapezoid slope surface uses S1 and S2 sectional materials, the bottom layer is still in a high-low mode and corresponds to the bottom plane sectional material in a mortise-tenon dislocation mode, the angle assembly larger than 90 degrees is formed according to the design gradient, an angle space formed by the upper part and the lower part of the bottom layer is filled with homogeneous concrete, and the inner layer surface is sprayed with 1.5-2mm of graphene inorganic waterproof anticorrosive paint; or

(6) Assembling a circular pipe gallery, namely processing a detachable wood pattern tire pipe which is consistent with the inner diameter of a pipe fitting according to the diameter of a designed pipe gallery, vertically fixing a first S5 or S6 sectional material along the length direction of the wood pattern tire pipe, then using the sectional materials of the same type in sequence, assembling the first fixed sectional material in a staggered interlocking manner, simultaneously rolling the wood pattern tire pipe until the whole circular pipe fitting is assembled, filling and leveling the formed included angle space with fiber concrete, disassembling the wood pattern tire pipe, assembling the next pipe fitting, wherein when assembling is carried out according to 100 percent of occlusion as parallel, the arc distances of the lock tenon leaving the marginal section bar of the mortise hole along the arc and the circle are respectively 16 percent, 17 percent, 25 percent and 41 percent, which are effective safety levels of a tenon-mortise structure, the included angles formed by the arcs are respectively 176-177 degrees, 175-176 degrees, 173-174 degrees and 169-170 degrees, the diameters of the assembled circular pipes are respectively 5m, 4m, 3m and 2m in sequence, and the pipe body is wrapped by films in sequence to facilitate natural maintenance; when the pipe fittings are assembled and connected in the later period, the short blocks of the section bars with the same number are used for filling and interlocking to assemble adjacent parts, the adjacent parts are connected in series to form a pipe gallery, concrete is filled inside and outside the assembled round pipe, and the inorganic graphene waterproof anticorrosive paint with the thickness of 1.5-2mm is sprayed on the assembled round pipe; or

(7) In order to prevent the assembly of the gate in special situations, when the riverbed is assembled, gate bolt openings for closing and opening the gate are arranged on two water retaining walls of the riverbed in an uninterrupted and symmetrical mode, the specific assembly method is that S3 or S4 sectional materials are used and are assembled on two inner sides of a river and a canal in a symmetrical and staggered interlocking mode, S1 or S2 sectional materials are used for being alternatively staggered and engaged with bottom planes S5 or S6 sectional materials in a mortise and tenon mode to form an included angle or right angle omnibearing interlocking assembly structure body, and graphene inorganic waterproof anticorrosive paint with the thickness of 1.5-2mm is coated on the water retaining walls on two sides of the riverbed and the bottom surface layer of the river.