CN115305871A - 堤坝道路护坡的生态环境修复施工方法 - Google Patents

堤坝道路护坡的生态环境修复施工方法 Download PDF

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CN115305871A
CN115305871A CN202211020773.7A CN202211020773A CN115305871A CN 115305871 A CN115305871 A CN 115305871A CN 202211020773 A CN202211020773 A CN 202211020773A CN 115305871 A CN115305871 A CN 115305871A
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杨少武
王天野
杨昊
李小刚
张超
宋成亮
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China MCC20 Group Corp Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种堤坝道路护坡的生态环境修复施工方法，本方法分别在坡底和坡顶浇筑坡脚和设置砼站石封边，分层进行路基填筑、压实，间隔设置土工格栅并用U型钉进行固定；在边坡铺设砂砾垫层和第一层无纺土工布；坡面打设方木桩和玻璃钢锚钎；铺设雷诺护垫或格宾网，内部石料中间设置排水管，排水管管壁间隔交错打孔后外包土工布；依次铺设第二层无纺土工布和蜂巢格室；在蜂巢格室表面稳固回填土并撒播绿化种子。本方法克服传统堤坝道路护坡结构的缺陷，在进行堤坝道路护坡防护加固的同时实现生态环境修复，既能满足堤坝道路护坡的防护要求，又能恢复施工造成的生态环境破坏，减少水土流失，达到生态环境修复的目的。

Description

堤坝道路护坡的生态环境修复施工方法
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑施工技术领域，尤其涉及一种堤坝道路护坡的生态环境修复施工方法。
背景技术
生态环境是人类社会经济可持续发展的基础，良好的生态环境是人类生存和生活的必要条件之一。
生态环境退化问题已经成为维持人类生存和社会经济可持续发展的严重威胁，如何整治日趋恶化的生态环境，防止生态环境的退化，有效处理和解决全球生态环境退化问题，恢复和重建已经受损的生态环境的原有结构和功能，是改善生态环境、提高区域生产力、实现可持续发展的关键，已经成为全人类面临的共同课题。
传统堤坝道路护坡大都为浆砌或干砌块石、现浇混凝土、预制混凝土块体结构，很少考虑堤坝与周边生态环境及景观的统一，因此在不同程度上，对景观、环境和生态产生了不良的影响，以至于护坡建筑物割裂了土壤与水体的关系，使水体与土地及其生物环境相分离，破坏了自然水系的生态。生态型护坡工程，其内涵是利用植物或植物与其他工程材料的结合，在堤坝护坡上构建具有生态功能的防护系统，实现岸坡的抗冲蚀、抗滑动和生态恢复，以达到维持河岸稳定，提高坡面植物生态环境，营造生物多样性，增强河流自净能力，改善人居环境等目的。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种堤坝道路护坡的生态环境修复施工方法，本方法克服传统堤坝道路护坡结构的缺陷，在进行堤坝道路护坡防护加固的同时实现生态环境修复，既能满足堤坝道路护坡的防护要求，又能恢复施工造成的生态环境破坏，减少水土流失，达到生态环境修复的目的。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明堤坝道路护坡的生态环境修复施工方法包括如下步骤：
步骤一、坡底采用C20素混凝土浇筑坡脚，坡脚尺寸为1×1.5m，坡顶采用C15砼站石封边，砼站石的尺寸为20×65cm；
步骤二、分层进行路基填筑、压实，间隔60cm设置土工格栅，土工格栅对边坡进行反包，反包长度不小于2m，并用U型钉进行固定；
步骤三、在边坡依次铺设10cm厚的砂砾垫层和第一层无纺土工布，第一层无纺土工布采用缝合接头或搭接，第一层无纺土工布松弛铺设；
步骤四、在距离坡顶和坡脚50cm位置分别间隔打设方木桩，坡顶和坡脚的方木桩之间间隔打设玻璃钢锚钎，玻璃钢锚钎间距按1m布置；
步骤五、在砂砾垫层表面铺设雷诺护垫或格宾网，雷诺护垫或格宾网内填充的石料粒径为100～150mm，石料中间沿坡面设置排水管，排水管管壁间隔交错打孔后外包200g/m2的土工布；
步骤六、在雷诺护垫或格宾网表面铺设第二层无纺土工布，第二层无纺土工布采用缝合接头或搭接，第二层无纺土工布松弛铺设；
步骤七、在第二层无纺土工布表面铺设蜂巢格室，并安装蜂巢格室的限位帽；
步骤八、在蜂巢格室表面稳固回填土并撒播绿化种子。
进一步，所述步骤三和步骤六中，第一层无纺土工布和第二层无纺土工布采用缝合接头时，缝合接头的缝合宽度不小于5cm，采用搭接时，搭接宽度不小于50cm。
进一步，所述步骤五中，石料的平均粒径为125mm，排水管是管径为75mm的 PVC管，管壁打孔的孔径为6mm、间距为100mm。
进一步，所述步骤七中，相邻蜂巢格室之间侧边互搭、槽孔对齐后采用连键插入槽孔连接，相邻蜂巢格室之间端部互搭后采用连键插入槽孔连接。
由于本发明堤坝道路护坡的生态环境修复施工方法采用了上述技术方案，即本方法分别在坡底和坡顶浇筑坡脚和设置砼站石封边，分层进行路基填筑、压实，间隔设置土工格栅并用U型钉进行固定；在边坡铺设砂砾垫层和第一层无纺土工布；坡面打设方木桩和玻璃钢锚钎；铺设雷诺护垫或格宾网，内部石料中间设置排水管，排水管管壁间隔交错打孔后外包土工布；依次铺设第二层无纺土工布和蜂巢格室；在蜂巢格室表面稳固回填土并撒播绿化种子。本方法克服传统堤坝道路护坡结构的缺陷，在进行堤坝道路护坡防护加固的同时实现生态环境修复，既能满足堤坝道路护坡的防护要求，又能恢复施工造成的生态环境破坏，减少水土流失，达到生态环境修复的目的。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细说明：
图1为本发明堤坝道路护坡的生态环境修复施工方法示意图；
图2图1中A部放大示意图；
图3为本方法中相邻蜂巢格室之间侧边连接示意图；
图4为本方法中相邻蜂巢格室之间端部连接示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例如图1和图2所示，本发明堤坝道路护坡的生态环境修复施工方法包括如下步骤：
步骤一、坡底采用C20素混凝土浇筑坡脚1，坡脚1尺寸为1×1.5m，坡顶采用C15砼站石2封边，砼站石2的尺寸为20×65cm；
步骤二、分层进行路基填筑、压实，间隔60cm设置土工格栅3，土工格栅3对边坡进行反包，反包长度不小于2m，并用U型钉进行固定；
步骤三、在边坡依次铺设10cm厚的砂砾垫层4和第一层无纺土工布5，第一层无纺土工布5采用缝合接头或搭接，第一层无纺土工布5松弛铺设；
步骤四、在距离坡顶和坡脚50cm位置分别间隔打设方木桩6，坡顶和坡脚的方木桩6之间间隔打设玻璃钢锚钎7，玻璃钢锚钎7间距按1m布置；
步骤五、在砂砾垫层4表面铺设雷诺护垫8或格宾网，雷诺护垫8或格宾网内填充的石料粒径为100～150mm，石料中间沿坡面设置排水管81，排水管81管壁间隔交错打孔后外包200g/m2的土工布；
步骤六、在雷诺护垫8或格宾网表面铺设第二层无纺土工布9，第二层无纺土工布9采用缝合接头或搭接，第二层无纺土工布9松弛铺设；
步骤七、在第二层无纺土工布9表面铺设蜂巢格室10，并安装蜂巢格室10的限位帽；
步骤八、在蜂巢格室10表面稳固回填土并撒播绿化种子。
优选的，所述步骤三和步骤六中，第一层无纺土工布5和第二层无纺土工布9采用缝合接头时，缝合接头的缝合宽度不小于5cm，采用搭接时，搭接宽度不小于50cm。
优选的，所述步骤五中，石料的平均粒径为125mm，排水管81是管径为75mm的 PVC管，管壁打孔的孔径为6mm、间距为100mm。
如图3和图4所示，优选的，所述步骤七中，相邻蜂巢格室10之间侧边互搭、槽孔对齐后采用连键11插入槽孔连接，相邻蜂巢格室10之间端部互搭后采用连键11插入槽孔连接。
本施工方法中砂垫层的作用为找平层兼排水层；无纺土工布主要起到保护作用，防止泥土或砂垫层伴随强降雨入侵至下一结构层；雷诺护垫或格宾网用于提高河床边坡的稳定性，保护河床边坡防止冲刷；蜂巢格室用于减缓流速，消减水流能量，涣散水流，从而减小水流对边坡的侵蚀，蜂巢格室对土体具有杰出的附着效果；方木桩的主要作用起到张开蜂巢格室；玻璃钢锚钎嵌固至土体，避免蜂巢格式整体滑移；排水管用于疏散强降雨雨水侵入结构层后迅速排放，减少雨水对土体边坡的影响。
本方法施工作业简单方便，安全可靠，可有效进行路基边坡加固，雷诺护垫或格宾网与蜂巢格室组合的边坡更稳固，实现边坡的生态环境修复，减少水土流失。有效提高堤坝路基加固的同时与周边景观、环境相融合，在河道岸坡上构建具有生态功能的防护系统，实现岸坡的抗冲蚀、抗滑动和生态环境修复，达到维持堤坝稳定、提高坡面植物生态环境、营造生物多样性、增强河流自净能力、改善人居环境的目的。

Claims (4)

1.一种堤坝道路护坡的生态环境修复施工方法，其特征在于本方法包括如下步骤：
步骤一、坡底采用C20素混凝土浇筑坡脚，坡脚尺寸为1×1.5m，坡顶采用C15砼站石封边，砼站石的尺寸为20×65cm；
步骤二、分层进行路基填筑、压实，间隔60cm设置土工格栅，土工格栅对边坡进行反包，反包长度不小于2m，并用U型钉进行固定；
步骤三、在边坡依次铺设10cm厚的砂砾垫层和第一层无纺土工布，第一层无纺土工布采用缝合接头或搭接，第一层无纺土工布松弛铺设；
步骤四、在距离坡顶和坡脚50cm位置分别间隔打设方木桩，坡顶和坡脚的方木桩之间间隔打设玻璃钢锚钎，玻璃钢锚钎间距按1m布置；
步骤五、在砂砾垫层表面铺设雷诺护垫或格宾网，雷诺护垫或格宾网内填充的石料粒径为100～150mm，石料中间沿坡面设置排水管，排水管管壁间隔交错打孔后外包200g/m2的土工布；
步骤六、在雷诺护垫或格宾网表面铺设第二层无纺土工布，第二层无纺土工布采用缝合接头或搭接，第二层无纺土工布松弛铺设；
步骤七、在第二层无纺土工布表面铺设蜂巢格室，并安装蜂巢格室的限位帽；
步骤八、在蜂巢格室表面稳固回填土并撒播绿化种子。
2.根据权利要求1所述的堤坝道路护坡的生态环境修复施工方法，其特征在于：所述步骤三和步骤六中，第一层无纺土工布和第二层无纺土工布采用缝合接头时，缝合接头的缝合宽度不小于5cm，采用搭接时，搭接宽度不小于50cm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的堤坝道路护坡的生态环境修复施工方法，其特征在于：所述步骤五中，石料的平均粒径为125mm，排水管是管径为75mm的 PVC管，管壁打孔的孔径为6mm、间距为100mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的堤坝道路护坡的生态环境修复施工方法，其特征在于：所述步骤七中，相邻蜂巢格室之间侧边互搭、槽孔对齐后采用连键插入槽孔连接，相邻蜂巢格室之间端部互搭后采用连键插入槽孔连接。
CN202211020773.7A 2022-08-24 2022-08-24 堤坝道路护坡的生态环境修复施工方法 Pending CN115305871A (zh)

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