CN115305863A - Slope-bank zone-water body integrated water ecological comprehensive treatment mode for small watershed - Google Patents
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- CN115305863A CN115305863A CN202210988704.9A CN202210988704A CN115305863A CN 115305863 A CN115305863 A CN 115305863A CN 202210988704 A CN202210988704 A CN 202210988704A CN 115305863 A CN115305863 A CN 115305863A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000000035 biogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008436 biogenesis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001116389 Aloe Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000586291 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000233805 Phoenix Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010659 Phoenix dactylifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011399 aloe vera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
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Abstract
The invention discloses a slope-bank zone-water body integrated water ecological comprehensive treatment mode of a small river basin, which is used for synchronously managing the slope, the bank zone and the water body of a river basin, and specifically comprises the following steps: the slope surface adopts a water source conservation-erosion and sand reduction-source reduction regulation and control technology to reduce the loss of silt and source elements on the scale of the watershed; the bank zone adopts the technology of biogenic source absorption, bank zone purification and water sand regulation to reduce the amount of the silt and biogenic source elements which are converged into the river channel along with runoff; the water body takes the fishes as indicator organisms, adopts conservation measures, and increases and maintains the diversity of the fishes; the method of water conservation includes restoring vegetation. According to the small watershed slope-bank zone-water body integrated water ecological comprehensive treatment mode, the water conservation-erosion and sand reduction-biogenesis decrement control technology is adopted on the slope, so that the loss of silt and biogenesis elements on the watershed scale is reduced, the integrity of the ecological environment is ensured, the ecological watershed can be quickly repaired when the ecological environment changes, and the ecological watershed slope-bank zone-water body integrated water ecological comprehensive treatment mode has better self-regulation capacity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological management, in particular to a slope-bank zone-water body integrated water ecological comprehensive management mode of a small watershed.
Background
China has huge land area and various climatic environments, coastal areas have sufficient water sources and are humid by air, while western inland areas have a large number of desert wall areas with little precipitation, and the desert areas are more and more concerned by people with the attention of people to environmental protection in recent years.
A small amount of rivers and lakes are distributed in the gobi area of the desert, animals and plants in the area live through the rivers and lakes and are influenced by human activities and water and soil loss, and the ecological environment of the rivers and lakes is increasingly severe;
the diversity of aquatic organisms in rivers or lakes is reduced, the reason can not be directly attributed to the change of physical and chemical factors of water bodies, people need to trace the source to find the root cause of the water quality change, finally, the conclusion that the appearance is in rivers and the root is on the shore is obtained, and a slope-bank zone-water body integrated water ecological comprehensive treatment mode is provided
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that the ecological environment of rivers and lakes is more and more severe, the invention aims to provide a slope-bank zone-water body integrated water ecological comprehensive treatment mode of a small watershed, and radically solves the problem that the ecological environment of rivers and lakes becomes severe.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the technical purpose: a slope surface-bank zone-water body integrated water ecological comprehensive treatment mode of a small watershed synchronously manages the slope surface, the bank zone and the water body of a river basin, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the slope surface adopts a water source conservation-erosion and sand reduction-source reduction regulation and control technology to reduce the loss of silt and source elements on the scale of the watershed;
the bank zone adopts the technology of biogenic source absorption, bank zone purification and water sand regulation to reduce the amount of the silt and biogenic source elements which are converged into the river channel along with runoff;
the water body takes the fishes as indicator organisms, adopts conservation measures, and increases and maintains the diversity of the fishes.
As optimization, the water source conservation method comprises the steps of recovering vegetation and constructing a water source conservation area;
the method for reducing erosion and sand comprises the following steps of sand soil reformation: improving sandy land and land by chemical reagents and a method of adding biological fertilizer;
tamping the ground: the ground is more compact by beating and rolling the heavy objects;
laying a dustproof net: laying a cloth net with the aperture of 1-3mm in a region with sparse vegetation;
the method for reducing the biogenesis comprises the steps of monitoring the biological species in the ecological region, preventing foreign animals from invading, and preventing a single species from expanding to influence the proliferation of other species.
As optimization, the biogenic absorption specifically comprises patrolling the vegetation of the bank zone and removing plants which can affect ecological balance and cannot lock water and fix soil;
the purification of the bank specifically comprises removing pollutants which influence the growth of vegetation on the bank;
the water and sand regulation specifically comprises the steps of monitoring the silt deposition and water and soil loss conditions of each flow section and each branch of the river channel, and uniformly scheduling the incoming water and the incoming sand according to the actual conditions.
As optimization, the aquatic plants are added, the food chain is perfected, and the ecological environment is kept complete.
As optimization, the method for respectively surveying and governing the slope surface, the bank zone and the water body only aims at the natural small watershed with little human activity in the arid region.
As optimization, the plants planted on the bank belt and the slope surface have the characteristic of developed root systems, and the plant coverage area is not less than 85%;
the plant comprises: herba Selaginellae, aloe, herba Aglaiae Odoratae, date palm, ammopiptanthus mongolicus, and fructus Toosendan.
As optimization, after the small watershed water ecology is recovered to a healthy whole, manual intervention is gradually reduced, so that the self-regulation function is perfected.
As an optimization, the water source containment needs to limit human activities.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the integrated water ecological comprehensive treatment mode of the slope surface, the bank zone and the water body of the small watershed reduces the loss of silt and biogenic factors on the scale of the watershed by adopting a water source conservation-erosion and sand reduction-biogenic source decrement regulation and control technology on the slope surface, ensures the integrity of the ecological environment, can quickly restore the small watershed when facing environmental change and has better self-regulation capability.
2. The integrated water ecological comprehensive treatment mode of the slope surface, the bank zone and the water body of the small watershed reduces the amount of silt and biogenic factors which are converged into a river channel along with runoff by adopting the technology of biogenic source absorption, bank zone purification and water sand regulation on the bank zone, ensures the stability of ecological environment,
3. according to the integrated water ecological comprehensive treatment mode of the slope surface, the bank zone and the water body of the small watershed, when the water body is treated, fishes are used as indicator organisms, and the conservation measures are adopted, so that the diversity of the fishes is increased and maintained, and the self-regulation capability of an ecological area is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a frame diagram of a slope-bank zone-water body integrated water ecological comprehensive treatment mode of the small watershed.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A slope surface-bank zone-water body integrated water ecological comprehensive treatment mode of a small watershed synchronously manages the slope surface, the bank zone and the water body of a river basin, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the slope surface adopts a water source conservation-erosion and sand reduction-source reduction regulation and control technology to reduce the loss of silt and source elements on the scale of the watershed;
the bank zone adopts the technology of biogenic source absorption, bank zone purification and water sand regulation to reduce the amount of the silt and biogenic source elements which are converged into the river channel along with runoff;
the water body takes the fishes as indicator organisms, adopts conservation measures, and increases and maintains the diversity of the fishes.
The method for water conservation comprises the steps of recovering vegetation and constructing a water conservation area; the water source conservation area needs to limit human activities, and the protection standard of the water source conservation is set differently according to the use requirements.
The method for reducing erosion and sand comprises the following steps of sand soil modification: improving sandy land and land by chemical reagents and a method of adding biological fertilizer;
tamping the ground: the ground is more compact by beating and rolling the heavy objects;
laying a dustproof net: laying a cloth net with the aperture of 1-3mm in a region with sparse vegetation;
therefore, the silt on the slope surface can be effectively prevented from being carried away by the river water;
the method for reducing the biogenesis comprises the steps of monitoring the biological species in the ecological region, preventing foreign animals from invading, preventing the expansion of a single species from influencing the reproduction of other species, and ensuring the ecological balance of the ecological region.
The biogenic absorption specifically comprises the steps of patrolling vegetation on the bank zone, removing plants which can affect ecological balance and cannot lock water and fix soil, and providing a larger living space for plants which can lock water and fix soil, resist impact and drought and have stable growth;
the purification of the bank zone specifically comprises the steps of removing pollutants which influence the growth of vegetation of the bank zone, protecting solid pollutants and chemical pollutants by the pollutants, cleaning the solid pollutants in a salvaging mode, and cleaning the chemical pollutants in a neutralization method;
the water and sand regulation specifically comprises the steps of monitoring silt deposition and water and soil loss conditions of each flow section and each branch of the river channel, and uniformly scheduling incoming water and incoming sand according to actual conditions.
Increasing aquatic plants, perfecting food chain and keeping ecological environment complete.
The method for respectively surveying and treating the slope, the bank zone and the water body only aims at the natural small watershed with little human activity in the arid region.
Plants planted on the bank zone and the slope have the characteristic of developed root systems, and the plant coverage area is not less than 85%;
the plant comprises: herba Selaginellae, aloe, herba Aglaiae Odoratae, date palm, ammopiptanthus mongolicus, and fructus Toosendan;
therefore, water and soil can be better locked and fixed, and water and soil loss is reduced.
After the small watershed water ecology is recovered to a healthy whole, manual intervention is gradually reduced, so that the self-regulation function is perfected.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A slope-bank zone-water body integrated water ecological comprehensive treatment mode of a small watershed is characterized in that the slope, the bank zone and the water body of a river basin are synchronously managed, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the slope surface adopts the water conservation-erosion and sand reduction-biogenesis reduction regulation and control technology to reduce the loss of silt and biogenesis elements on the watershed scale;
the bank zone adopts the technology of biogenic source absorption, bank zone purification and water sand regulation to reduce the amount of the silt and biogenic source elements which are converged into the river channel along with runoff;
the water body takes the fishes as indicator organisms, adopts the conservation measures and increases and maintains the diversity of the fishes.
2. The integrated water ecological comprehensive treatment mode of the slope-bank belt-water body of the small watershed as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water source conservation method comprises the steps of recovering vegetation and building a water source conservation area;
the method for reducing erosion and sand comprises the following steps of sand soil reformation: improving sandy land and land by chemical reagents and a method of adding biological fertilizer;
tamping the ground: the ground is more compact by beating and rolling the heavy objects;
laying a dustproof net: laying a cloth net with the aperture of 1-3mm in a region with sparse vegetation;
the method for reducing the biogenesis comprises the steps of monitoring the biological species in the ecological region, preventing foreign animals from invading, and preventing a single species from expanding to influence the proliferation of other species.
3. The integrated water ecological comprehensive treatment mode for the slope, the bank zone and the water body of the small watershed as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the biogenic consumption specifically comprises the steps of patrolling the vegetation of the bank zone and removing plants which can affect ecological balance and cannot lock water and fix soil;
the purification of the bank specifically comprises removing pollutants which influence the growth of vegetation on the bank;
the water and sand regulation specifically comprises the steps of monitoring the silt deposition and water and soil loss conditions of each flow section and each branch of the river channel, and uniformly scheduling the incoming water and the incoming sand according to the actual conditions.
4. The integrated water ecological comprehensive treatment mode of the slope-bank belt-water body of the small watershed as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the aquatic plants are added, the food chain is perfected, and the ecological environment is kept complete.
5. The integrated water ecological comprehensive treatment mode for the slope, the bank zone and the water body of the small watershed as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the method for respectively surveying and treating the slope, the bank zone and the water body only aims at the natural small watershed with little human activity in the arid region.
6. The integrated water ecological comprehensive treatment mode for the slope, the bank zone and the water body of the small watershed as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the plants planted on the bank belt and the slope surface have the characteristic of developed root systems, and the plant coverage area is not less than 85%;
the plant comprises: herba Selaginellae, aloe, herba Aglaiae Odoratae, date palm, ammopiptanthus mongolicus, and fructus Toosendan.
7. The integrated water ecological comprehensive treatment mode of the slope-bank belt-water body of the small watershed as claimed in claim 1, wherein: after the small watershed water ecology is recovered to a healthy whole, manual intervention is gradually reduced, so that the self-regulation function is perfected.
8. The integrated water ecological comprehensive treatment mode for the slope, the bank zone and the water body of the small watershed as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the water source containment area needs to limit human activities.
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| CN202210988704.9A CN115305863A (en) | 2022-08-17 | 2022-08-17 | Slope-bank zone-water body integrated water ecological comprehensive treatment mode for small watershed |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117185376A (en) * | 2023-09-12 | 2023-12-08 | 河北省水利工程局集团有限公司 | River course's treatment system |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110835166A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-02-25 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Systematic shallow water artificial lake ecological restoration method |
| CN111172943A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2020-05-19 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Ecological construction method for river bank side band in northern low mountain and hilly area |
| FR3105978A1 (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2021-07-09 | PlanetFuturum s.r.o. | RAINWATER FLOW RETENTION SYSTEM, DRAINAGE ZONE REVITALIZATION AND BIODIVERSITY REBUILDING |
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- 2022-08-17 CN CN202210988704.9A patent/CN115305863A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110835166A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-02-25 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Systematic shallow water artificial lake ecological restoration method |
| FR3105978A1 (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2021-07-09 | PlanetFuturum s.r.o. | RAINWATER FLOW RETENTION SYSTEM, DRAINAGE ZONE REVITALIZATION AND BIODIVERSITY REBUILDING |
| CN111172943A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2020-05-19 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Ecological construction method for river bank side band in northern low mountain and hilly area |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 中国工程院等: "城市双修视阈下河道景观的有机更新理论、路径、案例", 上海交通大学出版社 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117185376A (en) * | 2023-09-12 | 2023-12-08 | 河北省水利工程局集团有限公司 | River course's treatment system |
| CN117185376B (en) * | 2023-09-12 | 2024-04-26 | 河北省水利工程局集团有限公司 | River course's treatment system |
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Application publication date: 20221108 |