CN115304431A - Method for preparing soil conditioner by using humus - Google Patents
Method for preparing soil conditioner by using humus Download PDFInfo
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- CN115304431A CN115304431A CN202210960280.5A CN202210960280A CN115304431A CN 115304431 A CN115304431 A CN 115304431A CN 202210960280 A CN202210960280 A CN 202210960280A CN 115304431 A CN115304431 A CN 115304431A
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- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000426 Microplastic Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000238876 Acari Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000254173 Coleoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003124 biologic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241001233061 earthworms Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
- C05F11/02—Other organic fertilisers from peat, brown coal, and similar vegetable deposits
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner by utilizing humus, and relates to the technical field of soil improvement. The method comprises the following steps: screening: finely screening the humus soil; grinding: grinding humus soil; fermentation treatment: and E, spraying EM compound microbial agent on the humus soil treated in the step II. According to the invention, the heavy metals in the humus soil are stably absorbed by the microbial inoculum, and finally the high-value organic fertilizer is formed, so that the soil can be improved, and the requirements of agriculture and forestry planting soil are met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil improvement, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a soil conditioner by using humus.
Background
Due to the fact that the harmless treatment technology of domestic garbage is generally carried out in China for a short time, existing garbage treatment projects such as irregular domestic garbage stacking points, substandard domestic garbage treatment facilities, landfill sites with saturated storage capacity and the like are relatively more. Because these waste control projects lack facilities such as leachate collection and drainage, landfill gas collection and drainage, and closing yard disposal, not only occupy scarce land resources for a long time, but also have great environmental pollution risk, and need to carry out remediation treatment urgently to realize the safe utilization of land resources.
In the process of managing the stored garbage, the key is how to reduce, recycle and innocent the screened garbage to the maximum extent; wherein the humus soil after the garbage excavation accounts for about 30-60% of the total garbage amount, and the problem that the humus soil is discharged is the key for recycling the stored garbage. Humus soil screened by the stored garbage has the characteristic of fertile soil in terms of chemical and biological characteristics, but the humus soil contains a large amount of glass chips, stones and micro plastics, and even has excessive heavy metals, so that the utilization of the humus soil is limited. If the humus soil can be finely screened and the heavy metals are stably treated by technical means, the humus soil can be used for improving the soil of agriculture and forestry, the problem of the out-of-road humus soil in the process of managing the stored garbage is solved, and high-quality organic fertilizer for improving the soil can be obtained, so that the method has important significance on the management of the ecological environment.
In the humus soil screening technology, multi-stage drum sieves with different particle sizes are generally adopted for screening at present, the process is long, and the effect that broken stones, glass residues and micro plastics in humus soil cannot be screened is not ideal.
In the aspect of soil heavy metal pollution remediation, the current remediation technology brings about some side effects to soil more or less, mainly as follows:
the chemical method comprises the following steps: the treatment speed is high, but the pollution elements are only converted in a form and are not removed at all, so that new pollution is easily brought to the soil;
a physical method comprises the following steps: the efficiency is high, but the cost is also high, and the soil system can be damaged to a certain extent after the remediation;
the plant method comprises the following steps: the repair time is long and the selectivity is high.
The broken stones, glass and micro plastics in the humus soil generated in the existing stock garbage screening process are difficult to remove completely.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner by using humus to solve the technical problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the method comprises the following steps:
step one, screening: finely screening the humus soil, wherein the content of plastics in the treated humus soil is not more than 1% of the total dry weight of the humus soil;
step two, grinding: grinding humus soil until the particle size is less than 2.8-3.2mm;
step three, fermentation treatment: spraying EM compound microbial agent on the humus soil treated in the step two, and performing fermentation treatment after fully mixing; finally, humus soil with improved characteristics is obtained.
Further, the screening device adopted in the step one is a positive pressure winnowing machine and an electrostatic separator which are used in combination.
And further, grinding by adopting a ball mill in the step two.
Furthermore, in the third step, EM compound biological bacteria are added in a proportion of 3-5% of the mass of the fermentation material, temperature rising and temperature control and mild ventilation treatment are carried out after uniform mixing, the fermentation stage is carried out, the moisture content of humus is controlled to be 45-55%, the temperature is controlled to be 55-60 ℃, the pH value is 6.5-8.5, and the composting time is 2-4 days.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, finely screening humus soil screened from garbage stocks, and removing micro plastics in the humus soil by adopting a positive pressure winnowing machine and an electrostatic separator to carry out combined screening; grinding the finely screened humus soil by a ball mill, and completely grinding stones and glass mixed in the humus soil; spraying and mixing EM composite biological agent into humus soil after screening and ball milling for fermentation treatment, and stably absorbing heavy metal in the humus soil through the agent to finally form high-value organic fertilizer, namely soil conditioner, wherein the organic matter content (calculated on a dry basis) of the organic fertilizer is more than or equal to 45%; the content of total nutrients (N + P2O5+ K2O) is more than or equal to 5 percent (calculated by dry basis); the content of water (free water) is less than or equal to 30 percent; the total arsenic content (calculated by dry basis) is less than or equal to 15mg/kg; the total mercury content (calculated by dry basis) is less than or equal to 2mg/kg; the total lead content (calculated by dry basis) is less than or equal to 50mg/kg; the total cadmium content (calculated by dry basis) is less than or equal to 3mg/kg; the total chromium content (calculated by dry basis) is less than or equal to 150mg/kg;
the organic fertilizer can improve soil, form a good environment suitable for the growth and development of crops, improve the soil structure, promote granulation, improve the soil fertility, enhance the water seepage, water retention and air permeability of the soil, and reduce the use amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides year by year. The decomposition of organic matters in the soil is accelerated, so that the content of available nutrients is obviously increased; so that the effective microorganisms in the soil can be rapidly propagated and continuously supplemented, and the invasion and development of pathogenic microorganisms in the soil are inhibited.
Detailed Description
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the preparation method of the embodiment is realized by the following steps:
step one, screening: finely screening the humus soil, wherein the content of plastics in the treated humus soil is not more than 1% of the total dry weight of the humus soil;
step two, grinding: grinding humus soil until the particle size is less than 2.8-3.2mm;
step three, fermentation treatment: spraying EM composite microbial agent on the humus soil treated in the second step, and fully mixing and then fermenting; finally obtaining the humus soil with high utilization value.
Wherein the screening device adopted in the first step is a positive pressure winnowing machine and an electrostatic separator which are used in combination;
grinding by adopting a ball mill in the second step;
adding EM composite biological bacteria in a proportion of 3-5% of the mass of the fermentation material, uniformly mixing, performing temperature rising and temperature control and ventilation treatment, entering a fermentation stage, controlling the moisture content of humus to be 45-55%, the temperature to be 55-60 ℃, the pH value to be 6.5-8.5 in the fermentation process, and composting for 2-4 days.
The combination of the winnowing machine and the electrostatic separator can thoroughly remove micro plastics in the humus; grinding the broken stones and glass in the humus by adopting a special middling ball mill, wherein the discharged particle size is less than 3mm; the special EM composite biological bacteria are sprayed on the humus soil, so that the heavy metal in the humus soil is stably adsorbed and used for agriculture and forestry soil, the soil structure is improved, and meanwhile, the soil fertility is provided.
Example one
Adopting a positive pressure winnowing machine and an electrostatic separator to carry out fine screening on the humus soil, and removing micro plastics in the humus soil; the content of plastics in the treated humus soil is not more than 1 percent of the total dry weight of the humus soil.
Grinding humus soil by a ball mill, and grinding large stones and glass until the particle size is less than 3mm;
spraying EM composite microbial agent on the finely ground humus soil, and performing fermentation treatment after fully mixing; finally obtaining the humus soil with high utilization value.
The adding proportion of the EM composite biological bacteria is 3-5% of the mass of the fermentation material, the temperature rise and control and the mild ventilation treatment are carried out after the EM composite biological bacteria are uniformly mixed, the fermentation stage is carried out, the moisture content of humus is controlled to be 45-55%, the temperature is 55-60 ℃, the pH value is 6.5-8.5, and the composting time is 2-4 days.
The humus soil of undersize after the garbage storage passes through the drum sieve enters a positive pressure winnowing machine through a conveyor belt, light matters (plastics and dust) in the humus soil are separated from heavy humus soil by controlling the air speed and the air quantity, the heavy matters enter a discharging hopper, the light matters enter an electrostatic separator, and the tiny plastics are adsorbed by the electrostatic action, so that the dust and the plastics are separated. After screened heavy materials and dust enter a ball mill together for milling treatment, EM composite biological bacteria (including five types of lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycetes, filamentous fungi, bacillus and photosynthetic bacteria) are added into the obtained fine humus soil, so that the fine humus soil has the capability of improving the soil structure, promoting granulation, improving the soil fertility, enhancing the water seepage, water retention and air permeability of the soil, and reducing the using amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides year by year. Can promote the increase of soil micro animals (such as beneficial mites, earthworms and beetles) feeding on microorganisms and decomposition products thereof, so that the composition of a microecological system of the whole soil is fundamentally changed, and the biological activity and the buffer capacity of the soil are improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for preparing a soil conditioner by using humus is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, screening: finely screening the humus soil, wherein the content of plastics in the treated humus soil is not more than 1% of the total dry weight of the humus soil;
step two, grinding: grinding humus soil until the particle size is smaller than 2.8-3.2mm;
step three, fermentation treatment: spraying EM compound microbial agent on the humus soil treated in the step two, and performing fermentation treatment after fully mixing; finally, humus soil with improved characteristics is obtained.
2. The method for preparing soil conditioner with humus soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the screening device used in the first step is a combination of a positive pressure winnowing machine and an electrostatic classifier.
3. A method for preparing soil conditioner with humic soil according to claim 1 or 2 wherein in step two, ball mill is used for milling.
4. The method for preparing the soil conditioner by using the humus soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the proportion of EM composite biological bacteria added in the third step is 3-5% of the mass of the fermented material, the EM composite biological bacteria is uniformly mixed and then subjected to temperature rise and temperature control and ventilation treatment, the fermentation stage is carried out, the moisture content of the humus soil is controlled to be 45-55% in the fermentation process, the temperature is 55-60 ℃, the pH value is 6.5-8.5, and the composting time is 2-4 days.
5. The method for preparing the soil conditioner by using the humus soil as claimed in claim 3, wherein the EM composite biological bacteria are added in the third step in a proportion of 3-5% of the mass of the fermentation material, the mixture is subjected to temperature rising and temperature control and ventilation treatment after being uniformly mixed, and then the fermentation stage is carried out, wherein the moisture content of the humus soil is controlled to be 45-55%, the temperature is 55-60 ℃, the pH value is 6.5-8.5, and the composting time is 2-4 days.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210960280.5A CN115304431A (en) | 2022-08-11 | 2022-08-11 | Method for preparing soil conditioner by using humus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210960280.5A CN115304431A (en) | 2022-08-11 | 2022-08-11 | Method for preparing soil conditioner by using humus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115304431A true CN115304431A (en) | 2022-11-08 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210960280.5A Pending CN115304431A (en) | 2022-08-11 | 2022-08-11 | Method for preparing soil conditioner by using humus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115304431A (en) |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1434003A (en) * | 2003-03-05 | 2003-08-06 | 湖南大学 | Biinoculating micvobial compound bacterium compost method |
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2022
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Application publication date: 20221108 |
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