CN115304218A

CN115304218A - Anti-blocking subsurface flow constructed wetland equipment

Info

Publication number: CN115304218A
Application number: CN202210947321.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李召旭; 崔玉炎; 黄伟杰; 王建国; 朱小平; 张心凤
Original assignee: Pearl River Hydraulic Research Institute of PRWRC
Current assignee: Pearl River Hydraulic Research Institute of PRWRC
Priority date: 2022-08-09
Filing date: 2022-08-09
Publication date: 2022-11-08
Anticipated expiration: 2042-08-09
Also published as: CN115304218B

Abstract

The invention discloses anti-blocking subsurface flow constructed wetland equipment, which comprises a water inlet hopper and a water outlet hopper, wherein pebbles and gabions are arranged inside the water inlet hopper and the water outlet hopper, the pebbles are arranged on the inner side of the water inlet hopper through the gabions, a treatment hopper is arranged between the water inlet hopper and the water outlet hopper, and sewage is collected and guided by a guide plate and a drainage wall which are connected with the outer side end of the water inlet hopper, and meanwhile, the drainage wall plays a role in stopping and buffering the sewage, so that the flow speed of the sewage is reduced, and the sewage is prevented from directly entering the upper layer of a matrix layer without directly passing through the side wall of the water inlet hopper close to the treatment hopper; conveying the sewage into a treatment hopper through a first guide port, and performing split drainage on the sewage by using a perforated pipe laid between a non-woven fabric and small cobbles to accelerate the permeation and purification speed of the sewage from bottom to top; the pebbles are placed on the inner sides of the water inlet hopper and the sedimentation hopper through the gabion, so that the pebbles are convenient to clean and maintain.

Description

Anti-blocking subsurface flow constructed wetland equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of artificial wetlands, in particular to anti-clogging subsurface flow constructed wetland equipment.

Background

The subsurface flow wetland is a more adopted artificial wetland type; the subsurface flow wetland is an artificial landscape which takes hydrophilic plants as surface greening materials and sandstone soil as fillers and leads water to permeate and filter naturally, and is characterized by no surface water, small occupied area, high utilization rate and convenient maintenance.

The existing anti-blocking subsurface flow constructed wetland equipment cannot solve the problem of blocking inside a sewage treatment area, cannot provide sufficient attachment and living space for microorganisms, and cannot perform split drainage on sewage.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides anti-blocking subsurface flow constructed wetland equipment which comprises a water inlet hopper and a water outlet hopper, wherein pebbles and gabions are arranged inside the water inlet hopper and the water outlet hopper, the pebbles are arranged on the inner side of the water inlet hopper through the gabions, a treatment hopper is arranged between the water inlet hopper and the water outlet hopper, a sedimentation hopper is arranged at one side of the bottom end of the treatment hopper close to the water outlet hopper, an anti-blocking component is arranged at the joint of the treatment hopper and the side wall of the water outlet hopper, a mud pump is arranged on the surface of one side of the water outlet hopper far away from the treatment hopper, a first guide port is formed in the bottom of one side of the water inlet hopper close to the treatment hopper, and a second guide port is formed in the middle of one side of the water inlet hopper close to the treatment hopper;

the treatment hopper comprises an outer shell, the outer shell is fixedly connected between the water inlet hopper and the water outlet hopper, a communicating layer is arranged on the inner side of the outer shell and positioned at the lower end of the matrix layer, a sandstone layer is laid at the lower end of the communicating layer, non-woven fabric is laid at the lower end of the sandstone layer, and an air guide pipe is arranged in the communicating layer;

the anti-blocking assembly comprises an air pump and an air duct, the air pump is installed at the position where the treatment bucket is attached to the side wall of the water outlet bucket, a matrix layer is arranged on the inner side of the treatment bucket close to the upper portion, a perforated pipe is arranged between the water inlet bucket and the treatment bucket, and one end, away from the water inlet bucket, of the perforated pipe is in threaded connection with a one-way air valve.

Preferably, the equal fixedly connected with guide board of one end that the bucket was fought to the bucket of intaking and going out water was fought and is kept away from the processing, install the drainage wall on the guide board of fighting outer end connection of intaking, and set up the peg on the lateral wall of fighting of intaking.

Preferably, the drainage wall is including perforating the wall, perforation wall lower extreme fixedly connected with inserted block, the semicircle orifice has been seted up on the perforation wall surface, it installs on the guide board to perforate the wall and insert through the inserted block.

Preferably, a sludge port is formed in the bottom of one side, close to the water outlet hopper, of the outer shell, the sludge port is used for dredging sludge, two groups of water outlet grooves are formed in one side, close to the water outlet hopper, of the outer shell, and filter screens are installed on the inner sides of the water outlet grooves in an embedded mode and used for blocking soil and sand loss in the matrix layer.

Preferably, the matrix layer comprises soil, sand and cobblestones, the soil, the sand and the cobblestones are sequentially paved on the upper layer of the outer shell from top to bottom, the communicating layer is provided with ceramsite and volcanic rock, and the ceramsite is tightly paved at the bottom of the matrix layer.

Preferably, a coarse sand layer is laid between the outer shell and the original soil base layer and comprises large cobblestones, and the air guide pipe is located on the inner side of the volcanic rocks.

Preferably, a switching tube is connected between the air pump and the air guide tube in a flange mode, the switching tube penetrates through the side wall of the outer shell and is connected with the air guide tube in a flange mode, one end, close to the water outlet hopper, of the air guide tube is fixedly connected with a lower connecting tube, and the lower connecting tube is used for being connected with the one-way air valve.

Preferably, the side opening has been seted up on perforated pipe surface, just perforated pipe passes through one-way pneumatic valve and lower casing cooperation and air duct threaded connection, perforated pipe sets up between non-woven fabrics and cobblestone for carry out diffusion guide with sewage on the barrier layer upper strata, accelerate sewage by supreme infiltration purification down.

Preferably, the gabion avris is provided with the link plate, the gabion is located the inboard installation of intaking the fill through the hanging groove cooperation peg that the link plate surface was seted up, it leads the mud pipe to be connected with between mud pump and the sediment fill, the inboard water conservancy slope of shell body is 1.0% for when sewage is fought to play the outflow by intaking for the plug that is filtered in the shell body inboard is collected in the sediment fill through the mud mouth.

The invention provides an anti-clogging subsurface flow constructed wetland device. The method has the following beneficial effects:

1. the anti-clogging subsurface flow constructed wetland equipment collects and guides sewage through the guide plate and the drainage wall which are connected with the outer side end of the water inlet hopper, and simultaneously, the drainage wall plays a role in stopping and buffering the sewage, so that the flow velocity of the sewage is reduced, and the sewage is prevented from directly submerging the side wall of the water inlet hopper close to the treatment hopper and being directly input into the upper layer of the matrix layer; conveying the sewage into a treatment hopper through a first guide port, and performing split drainage on the sewage by using a perforated pipe laid between the non-woven fabric and the small cobblestones to accelerate the permeation and purification speed of the sewage from bottom to top; the pebbles are placed on the inner sides of the water inlet hopper and the sediment hopper through the gabions, so that the pebbles are convenient to clean and maintain.

2. The anti-blocking subsurface flow constructed wetland equipment forms an impermeable layer through the non-woven fabric, the backfill soil, the bottom waterproof blanket, the coarse sand layer and the original soil base layer, so that sewage input to the upper side of coarse sand cannot permeate downwards, but slowly permeates upwards to a water outlet groove through the sand layer, the communication layer and the matrix layer in sequence, is conveyed into pebbles on the inner side of the water outlet bucket through the water outlet groove, and finally slowly flows out through the guide plate connected to the outer side of the water outlet bucket.

3. According to the anti-blocking subsurface flow constructed wetland equipment, the ceramsite and the volcanic rock are laid on the bottom layer of the matrix layer, the porous structures on the surfaces of the ceramsite and the volcanic rock are utilized to provide an attachment space for microorganisms capable of purifying sewage, and the matrix layer provides a planting platform for planting green plants, so that the microorganisms combine the degradation and biological solidification effects generated by the root system of plants to thoroughly purify the sewage.

4. According to the anti-blocking subsurface flow constructed wetland equipment, airflow is conveyed to the inner side of the air guide pipe through the air pump, so that blockages accumulated on one side close to the water inlet hopper can be effectively flushed away, the blockage on the inner side of the outer shell is timely dredged to the inner side of the sedimentation hopper, the normal sewage purification function of the constructed wetland is ensured, and the complicated process of manually cleaning the blockages is avoided; wherein, through one-way pneumatic valve and lower connecting pipe cooperation with perforated pipe and air duct threaded connection, can send the air current one-way into the air duct inboard, utilize the impulsive force that air current and sewage convection current produced, will pile up the jam at perforated pipe inboard and clear away, prevent that perforated pipe from blockking up.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic external structural view of an anti-clogging subsurface flow constructed wetland equipment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the internal structure of the water inlet hopper according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the water inlet hopper of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the outer casing of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the perforated pipe of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the construction of the anti-clogging assembly and the treatment bucket of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention showing the assembly of the water outlet funnel and the outer casing;

fig. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the outer housing of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a water inlet hopper; 2. a treatment hopper; 21. an outer housing; 22. a communicating layer; 23. a sandstone layer; 24. a sludge port; 25. filtering with a screen; 26. a water outlet groove; 27. a coarse sand layer; 3. a water outlet hopper; 4. a settling hopper; 5. an anti-clogging component; 51. an air pump; 52. a transfer tube; 53. an air duct; 6. a mud pump; 7. a drainage wall; 71. perforating the wall; 72. inserting a block; 73. a semicircular hole; 8. pebbles; 9. a substrate layer; 10. a guide plate; 11. a gabion; 12. hanging the plate; 13. a hanging rod; 14. a first guide port; 15. a second guide port; 16. a perforated pipe; 17. side holes; 18. a one-way air valve; 19. a mud guide pipe.

Detailed Description

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 6, the present invention provides a technical solution: the anti-blocking subsurface flow constructed wetland equipment comprises a water inlet hopper 1 and a water outlet hopper 3, pebbles 8 and gabions 11 are arranged inside the water inlet hopper 1 and the water outlet hopper 3, the pebbles 8 are arranged on the inner side of the water inlet hopper 1 through the gabions 11, a treatment hopper 2 is arranged between the water inlet hopper 1 and the water outlet hopper 3, a sedimentation hopper 4 is arranged on one side, close to the water outlet hopper 3, of the bottom end of the treatment hopper 2, an anti-blocking assembly 5 is arranged at the joint of the side wall of the treatment hopper 2 and the side wall of the water outlet hopper 3, a sludge pump 6 is arranged on the surface of one side, far away from the treatment hopper 2, of the water outlet hopper 3, sludge deposited on the inner side of the sedimentation hopper 4 can be conveniently pumped out through a sludge guide pipe 19, a first guide port 14 is formed in the bottom of one side, close to the treatment hopper 2, a second guide port 15 is formed in the middle of one side, close to the treatment hopper 2, a second circulation window is provided for conveying sewage, and when the first guide port 14 is blocked, the section flow of the sewage cannot be guaranteed; guide plates 10 are fixedly connected to the ends, far away from the treatment bucket 2, of the water inlet bucket 1 and the water outlet bucket 3, guide plates 10 connected to the outer end of the water inlet bucket 1 are provided with a drainage wall 7 and hanging rods 13 arranged on the outer side wall of the water inlet bucket 1, so that the side of the gabion 11 can be conveniently subjected to limiting hook hanging and taking; the drainage wall 7 comprises a perforated wall 71, an insert block 72 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the perforated wall 71, a semicircular hole 73 is formed in the surface of the perforated wall 71, sewage is conveyed in a split mode, the phenomenon that the sewage is conveyed in a split mode and directly rushes into the upper layer of the matrix layer 9 due to the fact that the conveying capacity of the sewage is too large is avoided, and the perforated wall 71 is inserted into the insert block 72 and installed on the guide plate 10.

When the device is used, the guide plate 10 and the drainage wall 7 which are connected with the outer side end of the water inlet hopper 1 collect and guide sewage, and the drainage wall 7 plays a role in stopping and buffering the sewage, so that the flow velocity of the sewage is reduced, and the sewage is prevented from directly flowing through the side wall of the water inlet hopper 1 close to the treatment hopper 2 and being directly input to the upper layer of the substrate layer 9;

conveying the sewage into a treatment hopper through a first guide port 14, and performing split drainage on the sewage by using a perforated pipe 16 laid between non-woven fabrics and small cobblestones to accelerate the permeation purification speed of the sewage from bottom to top; pebbles 8 are placed on the inner sides of the water inlet hopper 1 and the sedimentation hopper 4 through a gabion 11, so that cleaning and maintenance are facilitated.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 4, 6, 7 and 8, the treatment bucket 2 comprises an outer shell 21, the outer shell 21 is fixedly connected between the water inlet bucket 1 and the water outlet bucket 3, a communicating layer 22 is arranged at the lower end of the substrate layer 9 and inside the outer shell 21, a sandstone layer 23 is laid at the lower end of the communicating layer 22, a non-woven fabric is laid at the lower end of the sandstone layer 23, and a gas-guide tube 53 is arranged inside the communicating layer 22; a sludge port 24 is formed in the bottom of one side, close to the water outlet bucket 3, of the outer shell 21, the sludge port 24 is used for dredging sludge, two groups of water outlet grooves 26 are formed in one side, close to the water outlet bucket 3, of the outer shell 21, and a filter screen 25 is embedded and mounted on the inner sides of the water outlet grooves 26 and used for preventing soil and sand in the matrix layer 9 from losing; the substrate layer 9 comprises soil, sand and cobblestones, the soil, the sand and the cobblestones are sequentially laid on the upper layer of the outer shell 21 from top to bottom, the communicating layer 22 is provided with ceramsite and volcanic rock, the ceramsite is laid at the bottom of the substrate layer 9 in a clinging manner, a coarse sand layer 27 is laid between the outer shell 21 and an original soil base layer, the gravel layer 23 comprises cobblestones, and the air duct 53 is arranged on the inner side of the volcanic rock.

When the gravel-sand-based water outlet bucket is used, an impermeable layer is formed by the non-woven fabric, the backfilled soil, the bottom waterproof blanket, the coarse sand layer and the original soil base layer together, so that sewage input to the upper side of coarse sand cannot permeate downwards, slowly permeates to the upper layer from the gravel layer 23, the communicating layer 22 and the matrix layer 9 to the water outlet groove 26 in sequence, is conveyed into pebbles 8 on the inner side of the water outlet bucket 3 through the water outlet groove 26, and finally slowly flows out through the guide plate 10 connected to the outer side of the water outlet bucket 3;

the ceramsite and the volcanic rock are paved on the bottom layer of the matrix layer 9, and the porous structures on the surfaces of the ceramsite and the volcanic rock are utilized to provide an attachment space for microorganisms capable of purifying sewage, so that the matrix layer 9 provides a planting platform for planting green plants, and simultaneously, the microorganisms combine the degradation and biological solidification effects generated by the root system of plants to thoroughly purify the sewage.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 5, the anti-blocking assembly 5 comprises an air pump 51 and an air duct 53, the air pump 51 is installed at the joint of the side walls of the treatment bucket 2 and the water outlet bucket 3, a matrix layer 9 is arranged at the inner side of the treatment bucket 2 close to the upper part, a perforated pipe 16 is arranged between the water inlet bucket 1 and the treatment bucket 2, and one end of the perforated pipe 16 far away from the water inlet bucket 1 is in threaded connection with a one-way air valve 18; an adapter tube 52 is connected between the air pump 51 and the air duct 53 in a flange manner, the adapter tube 52 penetrates through the side wall of the outer shell 21 and is connected with the air duct 53 in a flange manner, one end of the air duct 53, which is close to the water outlet hopper 3, is fixedly connected with a lower adapter tube, and the lower adapter tube is used for being connected with the one-way air valve 18; a side hole 17 is arranged on the surface of the perforated pipe 16, the perforated pipe 16 is matched with the lower connecting pipe through a one-way air valve 18 and is in threaded connection with the air duct 53, and the perforated pipe 16 is arranged between the non-woven fabric and the small cobblestones; the hanging plate 12 is arranged on the side of the gabion 11, the gabion 11 is installed on the inner side of the water inlet hopper 1 through the hanging groove matched hanging rod 13 arranged on the surface of the hanging plate 12, the mud guide pipe 19 is connected between the mud pump 6 and the sedimentation hopper 4, and the hydraulic gradient of the inner side of the outer shell 21 is 1.0%.

When the artificial wetland is used, the air pump 51 is used for conveying air flow to the inner side of the air guide pipe 53, so that blockages accumulated on one side close to the water inlet hopper 1 can be effectively washed away, the blockage on the inner side of the outer shell 21 is prevented and is timely led to the inner side of the sedimentation hopper 4, the normal purification function of the artificial wetland on sewage is ensured, and the complicated process of manually cleaning the blockages is avoided; wherein, through one-way air valve 18 and lower connecting pipe cooperation with perforation pipe 16 and air duct 53 threaded connection, can be with the one-way air current of carrying into the inboard of air duct 53, utilize the impulsive force that air current and sewage convection current produced, will pile up the jam at the inboard of perforation pipe 16 and clear away, prevent that perforation pipe 16 from blockking up.

It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by one of ordinary skill in this and related arts based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Structures, devices, and methods of operation not specifically described or illustrated herein are generally practiced in the art without specific recitation or limitation.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an anti-clogging subsurface flow constructed wetland equipment, specifically includes into water fill (1) and play water fill (3), the inside of intaking fill (1) and play water fill (3) all installs cobble (8) and gabion (11), just cobble (8) set up in intaking fill (1) inboard through gabion (11), its characterized in that: a treatment hopper (2) is arranged between the water inlet hopper (1) and the water outlet hopper (3), a precipitation hopper (4) is arranged at one side of the bottom end of the treatment hopper (2) close to the water outlet hopper (3), an anti-blocking component (5) is arranged at the joint of the side walls of the treatment hopper (2) and the water outlet hopper (3), a sludge pump (6) is arranged on the surface of one side of the water outlet hopper (3) far away from the treatment hopper (2), a first guide port (14) is formed in the bottom of one side of the water inlet hopper (1) close to the treatment hopper (2), and a second guide port (15) is formed in the middle of one side of the water inlet hopper (1) close to the treatment hopper (2);

the treatment hopper (2) comprises an outer shell (21), the outer shell (21) is fixedly connected between the water inlet hopper (1) and the water outlet hopper (3), a communicating layer (22) is arranged on the inner side of the outer shell (21) and is positioned at the lower end of the matrix layer (9), a sandstone layer (23) is laid at the lower end of the communicating layer (22), non-woven fabrics are laid at the lower end of the sandstone layer (23), and a gas guide pipe (53) is arranged in the communicating layer (22);

prevent stifled subassembly (5) including air pump (51) and air duct (53), air pump (51) are installed and are being handled the lateral wall laminating department of fighting (2) and play water fill (3), it is provided with matrix layer (9) to handle fill (2) inboard to be close to upper portion, it is provided with perforated pipe (16) to intake fill (1) and handle between fighting (2), one end threaded connection that perforated pipe (16) kept away from into water fill (1) has one-way pneumatic valve (18).

2. The anti-clogging subsurface flow constructed wetland equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the utility model discloses a water treatment bucket, including intaking fill (1) and go out water fill (3) and keep away from the equal fixedly connected with guide board (10) of one end that handles fill (2), install drainage wall (7) on guide board (10) that intake fill (1) outer end is connected, and set up and be in peg (13) on the fill lateral wall of intaking (1).

3. The anti-clogging subsurface flow constructed wetland equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: drainage wall (7) are including perforating wall (71), perforation wall (71) lower extreme fixedly connected with inserted block (72), semicircle orifice (73) have been seted up on perforation wall (71) surface, it installs on guide board (10) to perforate wall (71) and insert through inserted block (72).

4. The anti-clogging subsurface flow constructed wetland equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: mud mouth (24) have been seted up to one side bottom that shell body (21) are close to out water fill (3), mud mouth (24) are used for dredging mud, two sets of play basin (26) have been seted up to one side that shell body (21) are close to out water fill (3), filter screen (25) are installed to play basin (26) inboard gomphosis.

5. The anti-clogging subsurface flow constructed wetland equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: the utility model discloses a marine external shell, including casing (21), communicating layer (22), communicating layer (9) are equipped with haydite and volcanic rock, the matrix layer (9) include soil, sand and big cobblestone, just soil, sand and big cobblestone are laid in proper order from top to bottom on casing (21) upper strata, the haydite hugs closely and lays in the bottom of matrix layer (9).

6. The anti-clogging subsurface flow constructed wetland equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: coarse sand layer (27) have been laid between shell body (21) and the former soil basic unit, gravel layer (23) are including big cobblestone, air duct (53) are located the inboard setting of volcanic rock.

7. The anti-clogging subsurface flow constructed wetland equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: the air pump is characterized in that an adapter tube (52) is connected between the air pump (51) and the air guide tube (53) in a flange mode, the adapter tube (52) penetrates through the side wall of the outer shell (21) and is connected with the air guide tube (53) in a flange mode, one end, close to the water outlet hopper (3), of the air guide tube (53) is fixedly connected with a lower adapter tube, and the lower adapter tube is used for being connected with the one-way air valve (18).

8. The anti-clogging subsurface flow constructed wetland equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: side opening (17) have been seted up on perforated pipe (16) surface, just perforated pipe (16) are through one-way pneumatic valve (18) and lower pipe cooperation and air duct (53) threaded connection, perforated pipe (16) set up between non-woven fabrics and cobblestone.

9. The anti-clogging subsurface flow constructed wetland equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: gabion (11) avris is provided with link plate (12), gabion (11) are located the inboard installation of intaking fill (1) through hanging groove cooperation peg (13) that link plate (12) surface was seted up, dredge pump (6) and deposit and be connected with between fighting (4) and lead mud pipe (19), the inboard water conservancy slope of shell body (21) is 1.0%.