CN115304064A - Production method and application of physical activated carbon - Google Patents
Production method and application of physical activated carbon Download PDFInfo
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- CN115304064A CN115304064A CN202210963221.3A CN202210963221A CN115304064A CN 115304064 A CN115304064 A CN 115304064A CN 202210963221 A CN202210963221 A CN 202210963221A CN 115304064 A CN115304064 A CN 115304064A
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- activated carbon
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- carbon
- roller
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 244000132059 Carica parviflora Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000758789 Juglans Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013058 crude material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous acid Chemical compound ON=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052705 radium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- HCWPIIXVSYCSAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N radium atom Chemical compound [Ra] HCWPIIXVSYCSAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012847 fine chemical Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/336—Preparation characterised by gaseous activating agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/318—Preparation characterised by the starting materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a production method and application of physically-processed activated carbon, and belongs to the technical field of fine chemical engineering. The production method of the physical activated carbon provided by the invention comprises the following steps: 1) raw material pretreatment, 2) cleaning, 3) pore forming, 4) carbonization, 5) activation and 7) collection. The invention adopts a physical method to produce the activated carbon, the raw materials of the activated carbon are mixed by the porous coral, walnut shells, blue algae and the like and the coal slag and the wood dust which are commonly used as the raw materials for producing the activated carbon, the cost of the raw materials is lower, the production process is simple, zero emission is realized in the whole production process, and the environmental pollution is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fine chemical engineering, and particularly relates to a production method and application of physically-processed activated carbon.
Background
The activated carbon material is amorphous carbon obtained by processing treatment, has a large specific surface area, and has good adsorption capacity on gases, inorganic or organic substances in a solution, colloidal particles and the like. The active carbon material mainly comprises active carbon, active carbon fiber and the like. The activated carbon material is used as an adsorbent with excellent performance, which is mainly determined by the unique adsorption surface structure characteristic and surface chemical property. The activated carbon material has stable chemical properties, high mechanical strength, acid resistance, alkali resistance and heat resistance, is insoluble in water and organic solvents, can be recycled, and is widely applied to various fields of chemical industry, environmental protection, food processing, metallurgy, medicine refining, military chemical protection and the like.
At present, the production method of activated carbon mainly comprises a physical method and a chemical method, wherein the physical method has high requirements on reaction conditions and raw materials, so that the cost is high and the applicability is not strong.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a production method of physically activated carbon, which comprises the following steps:
1) Pore-forming: mixing the acid-washed raw materials with a pore-forming agent for pore-forming;
2) Carbonizing: carbonizing for 1-20h in a high-temperature sintering furnace in the atmosphere of introducing nitrogen to form a carbon crude material;
3) And (3) activation: introducing water vapor into an activation furnace for activation at the temperature of 800-900 ℃;
4) And (3) cooling: adding the activated carbon coarse material in the step 3) into a roller, continuously turning over the carbon coarse material along with the rolling of the roller, flushing cooling water outside the roller, and cooling the carbon coarse material in the roller;
5) Collecting: and (4) performing laser grinding on the cooled carbon coarse material, removing impurities and collecting to obtain the active carbon.
Preferably, the step 1) of pore forming further comprises 2 steps of: a. pretreatment of raw materials: preparing and pretreating coral, walnut shells, blue algae, coal slag and wood chips according to the mass ratio of (2-5); b. cleaning: and (b) pickling the raw material pretreated in the step a for 2-5 hours by using oxidizing acid, washing the raw material for a plurality of times by using distilled water until the raw material is neutral, and drying the raw material until the water content is lower than 20-30%.
More preferably, in the step a, the pretreatment process is as follows: placing coral into a dryer, drying at 100-500 deg.C until the water content is less than 30%, naturally drying blue algae until the water content is less than 20%, placing the dried coral, walnut shell, blue algae, coal slag and wood dust into a strip extruding machine, and extruding into column shape.
More preferably, in the step b, the oxidizing acid is nitrous acid.
More preferably, the pore-forming agent in step 1) is a mixture of polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol, wherein the mass ratio of polyethylene glycol to polyvinyl alcohol is 2-5: 40-50.
More preferably, in the step 3), the temperature is increased by 20 ℃ every time from 800 ℃ to 900 ℃, and the temperature is maintained for 1h, and finally is maintained for 1.5 h when the temperature is increased to 900 ℃.
More preferably, in the step 5), the radium mill is used for grinding, and the mode of alternating positive rotation and negative rotation is adopted.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the production method in the preparation of activated carbon.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts a physical method to produce the activated carbon, the raw materials of the activated carbon are mixed by the porous coral, walnut shells, blue algae and the like and the coal slag and the wood dust which are commonly used as the raw materials for producing the activated carbon, the cost of the raw materials is lower, the production process is simple, zero emission is realized in the whole production process, and the environmental pollution is avoided.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A method for producing activated carbon by a physical method comprises the following steps:
1) Pretreatment of raw materials: preparing coral, walnut shells, blue algae, coal slag and wood chips according to a mass ratio of 2.2;
2) Pickling the raw materials pretreated in the step 1) for 2 hours by using oxidizing acid, washing the raw materials by using distilled water for a plurality of times until the raw materials are neutral, and drying the raw materials until the water content is lower than 20%;
3) Pore-forming: mixing the acid-washed raw materials into a pore-forming agent for pore-forming, wherein in the embodiment, the pore-forming agent is a mixture of polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol, the mass ratio of the polyethylene glycol to the polyvinyl alcohol is 2-5: 40-50;
4) Carbonizing: carbonizing for 1h in a high-temperature sintering furnace under the atmosphere of introducing nitrogen to form a carbon crude material;
5) Activation: introducing water vapor into an activation furnace for activation, and controlling the temperature to be 800 ℃; starting from 800 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1h every time the temperature rises to 20 ℃, and keeping for 1.5 h when the temperature rises to 900 ℃ finally;
6) And (3) cooling: adding the activated carbon coarse material in the step 5) into a roller, continuously turning over the carbon coarse material along with the rolling of the roller, flushing cooling water outside the roller, cooling the carbon coarse material in the roller, and better grinding the material by adopting forward and reverse rotation of a laser grinder;
7) Collecting: and (4) carrying out laser grinding on the cooled carbon coarse material, removing impurities and collecting to obtain the carbon coarse material.
Example 2
A production method of physically activated carbon comprises the following steps:
1) Pretreatment of raw materials: preparing coral, walnut shells, blue algae, coal slag and wood chips according to a mass ratio of 5;
2) Pickling the raw material pretreated in the step 1) for 4 hours by using nitrous acid, washing the raw material for a plurality of times by using distilled water until the raw material is neutral, and drying the raw material until the water content is lower than 30%;
3) Pore-forming: mixing the acid-washed raw materials into a pore-forming agent for pore-forming, wherein the pore-forming agent is a mixture of polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol, the mass ratio of the polyethylene glycol to the polyvinyl alcohol is 5: 50;
4) Carbonizing: carbonizing for 20 hours in a high-temperature sintering furnace under the atmosphere of introducing nitrogen to form a carbon crude material;
5) And (3) activation: introducing water vapor into an activation furnace for activation, controlling the temperature to be 900 ℃, starting from 800 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1 hour every time the temperature is increased by 20 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1.5 hours when the temperature is increased to 900 ℃ finally;
6) And (3) cooling: adding the activated carbon coarse material in the step 5) into a roller, continuously turning over the carbon coarse material along with the rolling of the roller, flushing cooling water outside the roller, and cooling the carbon coarse material in the roller;
7) Collecting: and (3) carrying out laser grinding on the cooled carbon coarse material, carrying out forward and backward alternate repeated grinding, removing impurities and collecting to obtain the carbon coarse material.
Example 3
A production method of physically activated carbon comprises the following steps:
1) Pretreatment of raw materials: preparing coral, walnut shells, blue algae, coal slag and wood chips according to a mass ratio of 5.
2) Pickling the raw material pretreated in the step 1) for 4 hours by using nitrous acid, washing the raw material for a plurality of times by using distilled water until the raw material is neutral, and drying the raw material until the water content is lower than 25%;
3) Pore-forming: mixing the acid-washed raw materials into a pore-forming agent for pore-forming, wherein the pore-forming agent is a mixture of polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol, the mass ratio of the polyethylene glycol to the polyvinyl alcohol is 2: 50;
4) Carbonizing: carbonizing for 16 hours in a high-temperature sintering furnace under the atmosphere of introducing nitrogen to form a carbon crude material;
5) And (3) activation: introducing water vapor into an activation furnace for activation, controlling the temperature to be 850 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1h when the temperature rises to 20 ℃ from 800 ℃ and finally keeping the temperature for 1.5 h when the temperature rises to 900 ℃ within the temperature range of 800-900 ℃;
6) And (3) cooling: adding the activated carbon coarse material in the step 5) into a roller, continuously turning over the carbon coarse material along with the rolling of the roller, flushing cooling water outside the roller, and cooling the carbon coarse material in the roller;
7) Collecting: and (4) performing laser grinding positive and negative crushing on the cooled carbon coarse material, removing impurities and collecting to obtain the carbon coarse material.
The invention does not need to adopt an activating agent, avoids the problems of overlarge consumption of the activating agent and environmental pollution, and can reduce the activating temperature and shorten the activating time compared with the prior art, and the produced activated carbon has dense gaps and stronger adsorption performance.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A production method of physically activated carbon is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Pore-forming: mixing the acid-washed raw materials with a pore-forming agent to perform pore-forming;
2) Carbonizing: carbonizing for 1-20h in a high-temperature sintering furnace in the atmosphere of introducing nitrogen to form a carbon crude material;
3) And (3) activation: introducing water vapor into an activation furnace for activation at the temperature of 800-900 ℃;
4) And (3) cooling: adding the activated carbon coarse material in the step 3) into a roller, continuously turning over the carbon coarse material along with the rolling of the roller, flushing cooling water outside the roller, and cooling the carbon coarse material in the roller;
5) Collecting: and (4) carrying out laser grinding on the cooled carbon coarse material, removing impurities and collecting to obtain the active carbon.
2. The method for producing physically activated carbon according to claim 1, wherein the step 1) of pore formation further comprises 2 steps of: a. pretreatment of raw materials: preparing and pretreating coral, walnut shells, blue algae, coal slag and wood chips according to the mass ratio of (2-5); b. cleaning: and (b) pickling the raw material pretreated in the step a for 2-5 hours by using oxidizing acid, washing the raw material for a plurality of times by using distilled water until the raw material is neutral, and drying the raw material until the water content is lower than 20-30%.
3. The method for producing physically activated carbon according to claim 2, wherein in the step a, the pretreatment process comprises: placing coral into a dryer, drying at 100-500 deg.C until the water content is less than 30%, naturally drying blue algae until the water content is less than 20%, placing the dried coral, walnut shell, blue algae, coal slag and wood dust into a strip extruding machine, and extruding into column shape.
4. The method for producing physically activated carbon according to claim 3, wherein in the step b, the oxidizing acid is nitrous acid.
5. The method for producing physically activated carbon according to claim 4, wherein the pore-forming agent in step 1) is a mixture of polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol, wherein the mass ratio of polyethylene glycol to polyvinyl alcohol is 2-5 to 10-12, and the pore-forming agent is dissolved in a methanol solvent, and the mass ratio of the pore-forming agent to carbon is 1:40-50.
6. The method for producing physically activated carbon according to claim 5, wherein in the step 3), the temperature is raised by 20 ℃ for 1 hour from 800 ℃ and is finally raised to 900 ℃ for 1.5 hours in the temperature interval of 800-900 ℃.
7. The method for producing physically activated carbon as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step 5), the radium mill is used for pulverization in a mode of alternating forward rotation and reverse rotation.
8. Use of the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 for producing activated carbon.
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| CN202210963221.3A CN115304064A (en) | 2019-07-10 | 2019-07-10 | Production method and application of physical activated carbon |
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| CN201910617494.0A CN110357098A (en) | 2019-07-10 | 2019-07-10 | A kind of production method of active carbon by physical |
| CN202210963221.3A CN115304064A (en) | 2019-07-10 | 2019-07-10 | Production method and application of physical activated carbon |
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| CN111204817B (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2021-06-01 | 李立欣 | Magnetic composite carbon prepared from harmful algal bloom and plastic and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20221108 |
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