CN115303916B - Braking device capable of braking with high precision for traction elevator and use method of braking device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a braking device for a traction elevator capable of braking with high precision and a use method thereof, relates to the technical field of elevator braking, and aims to solve the problems that the existing elevator braking is realized only by locking a traction rope, if the traction force of a motor is insufficient, a brake is invalid or the traction rope is overloaded to be broken, the elevator has a falling risk and the whole braking precision is low. The braking mechanisms are arranged on two sides of the outer wall of the car frame, and four braking mechanisms are arranged; the guide rails are arranged on two sides of the car frame and are in transmission connection with the braking mechanism, the lower ends of the guide rails on the two sides are connected with the positioning bottom plate through the positioning bottom plate, the two sides of the lower end of the guide rails are in welded connection with the positioning bottom plate through the triangular reinforcing parts, and racks are arranged on the outer walls of the guide rails; and the generators are arranged on two sides of the four braking mechanisms.

Description

Braking device capable of braking with high precision for traction elevator and use method of braking device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of elevator braking, in particular to a braking device for a traction elevator, which can brake with high precision and a use method thereof.

Background

Modern elevators mainly consist of traction machines, guide rails, counterweights, safety devices, signal handling systems, cars, hall doors, etc. These parts are installed in the hoistway and the machine room of the building, respectively; the operation principle is that the steel wire rope is in friction transmission, the steel wire rope bypasses a traction sheave, two ends of the steel wire rope are respectively connected with a car and a balance weight, a traction motor drives the traction sheave to rotate after the speed of the traction motor is changed through a speed reducer, and the lifting movement of the car and the balance weight is realized by the traction force generated by friction between the steel wire rope and the traction sheave, so that the lifting purpose is achieved, and a brake of the traction motor is integrated on the traction motor;

the invention discloses a traction elevator speed limiting braking device, which comprises a locking component, an elevator speed limiter and a driving component, wherein the locking component is used for setting an elevator rope and has a locking function, the locking component is linked with the elevator speed limiter, so that the locking component is driven by the rope to rotate and drive a rotating wheel of the elevator speed limiter to rotate, the elevator speed limiter adopts a bidirectional elevator speed limiter, and the speed limiting and braking integrated linkage device can effectively monitor and emergently brake under the condition that overspeed operation of an elevator occurs, and the clamping limiting block deflects and tightens an upper rope to the right side.

However, the existing elevator is braked only by locking the traction rope, if the traction force of the motor is insufficient, the brake is invalid or the traction rope is overloaded to be broken, the elevator has the falling risk, and the whole braking precision is low; therefore, we propose a braking device for traction elevator capable of braking with high precision and a using method thereof, so as to solve the problems mentioned above.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a braking device for a traction elevator capable of braking with high precision and a use method thereof, so as to solve the problems that the existing elevator braking in the prior art is realized only by locking a traction rope, if the traction force of a motor is insufficient, a brake is invalid or overload is caused to the traction rope to be broken, the elevator has a falling risk, and the whole braking precision is low.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the braking device for the traction elevator capable of braking with high precision comprises a traction machine, a control cabinet and a car frame, wherein the output end of the control cabinet is electrically connected with the input end of the traction machine, the traction machine is connected with the car frame through a traction rope, and an elevator car is installed in the car frame;

further comprises:

the braking mechanisms are arranged on two sides of the outer wall of the car frame, and four braking mechanisms are arranged;

the guide rails are arranged on two sides of the car frame and are in transmission connection with the braking mechanism, the lower ends of the guide rails on the two sides are connected with the positioning bottom plate through the positioning bottom plate, the two sides of the lower end of the guide rails are in welded connection with the positioning bottom plate through the triangular reinforcing parts, and racks are arranged on the outer walls of the guide rails;

and the generators are arranged on two sides of the four braking mechanisms.

Preferably, the braking mechanism comprises a braking chamber, a braking gear, a transmission shaft and an electromagnet, wherein a transmission cavity is formed in the braking chamber, the braking gear is arranged in the transmission cavity, the transmission shafts are provided with two transmission shafts, the two transmission shafts are respectively arranged on two sides of the braking gear, an L-shaped support is arranged on two sides of the braking chamber, one ends of the two transmission shafts penetrate through the braking chamber and extend to the inside of the L-shaped support, the electromagnet is arranged on the outer wall of the L-shaped support, the braking gear is connected with a rack on the outer wall of a guide rail in a transmission mode, and the braking mechanism can be driven with the rack on the guide rail through the braking gear in the braking mechanism.

Preferably, the rear end of the braking gear is provided with an accelerating gear, the braking gear is in transmission connection with the accelerating gear, high-speed shafts are arranged on two sides of the accelerating gear, one end of each high-speed shaft penetrates through and extends to the outside of the braking chamber and is in transmission connection with the input end of the generator, and the braking gear can be in transmission connection with the accelerating gear at the rear end to drive the high-speed shafts on two sides of the accelerating gear to rotate.

Preferably, a first bearing is arranged at the joint of the transmission shaft and the brake chamber, a second bearing is arranged at the joint of the high-speed shaft and the brake chamber, and the first bearing and the second bearing can improve the rotation precision of the transmission shaft and the high-speed shaft.

Preferably, the shaft sleeve is arranged at the joint of the transmission shaft and the electromagnet, a plurality of magnetic conduction balls are arranged in the shaft sleeve, the magnetic conduction balls can reduce the abrasion of the end face of the transmission shaft through sliding action, and when the electromagnet is started, the magnetic force can be rapidly transmitted to the magnetic conduction balls and can be adsorbed on the end part of the transmission shaft through magnetic force action.

Preferably, polytetrafluoroethylene coatings are arranged on the outer walls of the accelerating gear, the braking gear and the rack, the polytetrafluoroethylene coatings have good self-lubricating characteristics, the surfaces of the accelerating gear, the braking gear and the rack are not sticky to the coatings, dust is not easy to be sticky to the surfaces of the accelerating gear, the braking gear and the rack, and maintenance difficulty of the gear and the rack is reduced.

Preferably, a bar groove is formed in one side of the guide rail, a height positioning bar code is installed in the bar groove, a transparent shell cover is installed on the outer wall of the bar groove, a code reader is installed on one side of the braking mechanism, a code consistent with the height of an elevator shaft is arranged in the height positioning bar code, and the code reader can read the height of the elevator through code scanning identification on different positions of the height positioning bar code.

Preferably, the internally mounted of elevator car has stand-by power supply module, power module, circuit breaker, rectifier, elevator system, time-recorder, alarm module and controller, the output of generator passes through rectifier and stand-by power supply module's input electric connection, stand-by power supply module's output passes through power module and power module's input electric connection, power module passes through the circuit breaker and is connected with stand-by power module, and when the elevator was cut off the power, the circuit breaker can switch to stand-by power module operation, ensures elevator system infrastructure's minimum power supply demand.

Preferably, the output end of the standby power supply module is electrically connected with the elevator system, the timer, the alarm module, the code reader and the input end of the controller, and the output end of the controller is electrically connected with the input end of the electromagnet.

Preferably, the method for using the braking device for the traction elevator capable of braking with high precision comprises the following steps:

step one: when the elevator normally operates, a traction machine pulls a car frame through a traction rope to realize lifting of the elevator car, in the lifting process, four groups of braking mechanisms on two sides of the elevator car are driven by internal braking gears and racks on guide rails to ensure the stability of the lifting process, meanwhile, the braking gears are meshed with accelerating gears at the rear ends to drive high-speed shafts on two sides of the accelerating gears to rotate, so that rotors in generators on two sides rotate to cut magnetic induction lines to generate electricity, alternating current is rectified into direct current through a rectifier and then stored into a standby power supply module, and when the electric energy in the standby power supply module reaches the upper limit of energy storage, the redundant electric energy is supplied to the elevator power supply module by the power supply module to reduce the whole energy consumption;

step two: when the elevator car reaches a specified floor, a traction rope is locked by a built-in locking mechanism of a traction machine, after the locking, a control cabinet feeds back a signal to a controller to drive an electromagnet to operate, the electromagnet generates magnetic force and transmits the magnetic force to a plurality of magnetic conduction balls in a shaft sleeve, so that the magnetic conduction balls absorb transmission shafts on two sides of a brake gear after generating the magnetic force, and the brake gear is clamped on racks of a guide rail, thereby assisting the traction machine to strengthen a braking effect;

step three: after the electromagnet is adsorbed and fixed, the terminal continuously controls the elevator door to be opened, after the elevator door is closed, the terminal feeds back a signal to the controller again, the electromagnet is closed, and after the magnetic force on the magnetic conduction ball disappears, the elevator car is continuously pulled by the traction machine to lift;

step four: when the elevator breaks down, after the circuit breaker senses the breaking electric signal, the circuit breaker is switched to a standby power supply module, after the standby power supply module guarantees the minimum power supply requirement of an elevator system infrastructure, an electromagnet is driven by a controller to operate, so that magnetic force is generated by magnetic conduction balls, the transmission shafts on two sides of a braking gear are adsorbed, the braking gears in four groups of braking mechanisms are blocked with a guide rail, the braking gears and the guide rail are matched with a traction machine which is blocked due to the breaking action, the elevator car is stably braked, a code reader on the side edge of the braking mechanism confirms the stagnation height of the current elevator through scanning a guide rail side edge height positioning bar code, when the height information stays at a non-flat position for more than thirty seconds, a timer can automatically feed back information to a terminal, and an alarm module is connected to call rescue workers.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the elevator car, four groups of braking mechanisms are arranged on two sides of a car frame of the elevator car and are in transmission connection with two groups of guide rails on two sides respectively, when the elevator runs normally, a traction machine pulls the car frame through a traction rope to achieve lifting of the elevator car, in the lifting process, the four groups of braking mechanisms on two sides of the elevator car are in transmission with racks on the guide rails through internal braking gears, stability in the lifting process is guaranteed, when the elevator car reaches a specified floor, the traction rope is locked by the built-in locking mechanism of the traction machine, after the locking, a control cabinet feeds back a signal to a controller to drive an electromagnet to operate, the electromagnet generates magnetic force, the magnetic force is transmitted to a plurality of magnetic conduction balls in a shaft sleeve, transmission shafts on two sides of the braking gear are adsorbed after the magnetic force is generated, and the braking gears are clamped on the racks on the guide rails, so that the traction machine is assisted to strengthen braking effect and braking accuracy is improved; when the elevator fails and fails, the standby power supply module can ensure the minimum power supply requirement of the elevator system infrastructure, and the controller drives the electromagnet to operate, so that the braking gears in the four groups of braking mechanisms are blocked with the guide rail and matched with the traction machine which is locked due to the power failure, the elevator car is stably braked, the braking gears have the effect of positioning the car part and the guide rail, the braking burden of the traction rope is reduced, and the problems that the existing elevator is only realized by locking the traction rope, if the traction force of the motor is insufficient, the brake fails, or the elevator is overloaded until the traction rope is broken and the elevator has a falling risk are solved.

2. Through installing the generator in every brake mechanism both sides, elevator car lift in-process, brake gear can also with the acceleration gear meshing transmission of rear end when with guide rail rack transmission, drive the high-speed axle rotation of acceleration gear both sides, make the rotatory cutting magnetism induction line of rotor in the generator in both sides produce electricity to through rectifier with alternating current rectification to direct current after storage to reserve power module, after reserve power module internal electric energy reaches the energy storage upper limit, with unnecessary electric energy supply elevator power module by power module, reduce whole energy consumption.

3. Through setting up high location bar code on the guide rail to set up the code reader that is used for the scanning on brake mechanism, after elevator trouble, the code reader of brake mechanism side can confirm the stagnant height of current elevator through the scanning to guide rail side high location bar code, when high information stop in the position of non-flat layer more than thirty seconds, the time-recorder can automatic feedback information to terminal, switch on alarm module call rescue personnel, solved under the elevator outage circumstances, the inside personnel is in disorder, unable autonomous cool and quiet warning, influence rescue efficiency's problem.

4. Through the junction installation axle sleeve at transmission shaft and electro-magnet, the internally mounted of axle sleeve has a plurality of magnetic conduction balls, and magnetic conduction ball has outstanding magnetic conduction performance, and when normal use, magnetic conduction ball can reduce the wearing and tearing of transmission shaft terminal surface through the slip effect to improve transmission shaft precision to a certain extent, when the electro-magnet was opened, magnetic force can be conducted to magnetic conduction ball rapidly, relies on magnetic force effect to make it adsorb the transmission shaft tip, brakes spacingly.

5. Through all set up polytetrafluoroethylene coating on accelerating gear, brake gear and rack's outer wall, polytetrafluoroethylene coating has better self-lubricating characteristic, and is the non-stick coating, and the surface is difficult for being stained with the dust, has reduced the maintenance degree of difficulty of gear and rack for accelerating gear, brake gear and rack between the transmission more smooth, difficult card is dead.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a brake mechanism and elevator car mounting structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a brake mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the brake mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of a brake chamber according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at A of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a guide rail according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a system of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a traction machine; 2. a control cabinet; 3. a hoisting rope; 4. a car frame; 5. an elevator car; 6. a guide rail; 7. positioning a bottom plate; 8. triangular reinforcement; 9. a braking mechanism; 10. a generator; 11. a code reader; 12. a brake chamber; 13. a transmission cavity; 14. a brake gear; 15. a transmission shaft; 16. an L-shaped bracket; 17. an electromagnet; 18. a first bearing; 19. a high-speed shaft; 20. a second bearing; 21. a shaft sleeve; 22. magnetic conductive ball; 23. an acceleration gear; 24. a polytetrafluoroethylene coating; 25. a bar-shaped groove; 26. a height positioning bar code; 27. a transparent cover; 28. a rack; 29. a standby power module; 30. a power supply module; 31. a circuit breaker; 32. a rectifier; 33. an elevator system; 34. a timer; 35. an alarm module; 36. and a controller.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1-8, an embodiment of the present invention is provided: the braking device for the traction elevator capable of braking with high precision comprises a traction machine 1, a control cabinet 2 and a car frame 4, wherein the output end of the control cabinet 2 is electrically connected with the input end of the traction machine 1, the traction machine 1 is connected with the car frame 4 through a traction rope 3, and an elevator car 5 is arranged in the car frame 4;

further comprises:

brake mechanisms 9 provided on both sides on the outer wall of the car frame 4, and the brake mechanisms 9 are provided with four;

the guide rails 6 are arranged on two sides of the car frame 4, the guide rails 6 are in transmission connection with the braking mechanism 9, the lower ends of the guide rails 6 on the two sides are connected through the positioning bottom plate 7, two sides of the lower end of the guide rails 6 are welded with the positioning bottom plate 7 through the triangular reinforcing members 8, and racks 28 are arranged on the outer walls of the guide rails 6;

and a generator 10 provided on both sides of the four brake mechanisms 9.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the braking mechanism 9 includes a braking chamber 12, a braking gear 14, a transmission shaft 15 and an electromagnet 17, a transmission cavity 13 is disposed in the braking chamber 12, the braking gear 14 is disposed in the transmission cavity 13, the transmission shaft 15 is provided with two transmission shafts 15, the two transmission shafts 15 are respectively mounted on two sides of the braking gear 14, two sides of the braking chamber 12 are both mounted with L-shaped brackets 16, one ends of the two transmission shafts 15 penetrate through the braking chamber 12 and extend to the inside of the L-shaped brackets 16, the electromagnet 17 is mounted on the outer wall of the L-shaped brackets 16, the braking gear 14 is in transmission connection with a rack 28 on the outer wall of the guide rail 6, and in the process that the traction machine 1 pulls the car frame 4 to drive the elevator car 5 to lift through the traction rope 3, the four groups of braking mechanisms 9 can drive the rack 28 on the guide rail 6 through the internal braking gear 14, so that the lifting process is more stable.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5, an accelerating gear 23 is disposed at the rear end of the braking gear 14, the braking gear 14 is in transmission connection with the accelerating gear 23, high-speed shafts 19 are mounted on both sides of the accelerating gear 23, one end of the high-speed shaft 19 penetrates through and extends to the outside of the braking chamber 12 and is in transmission connection with the input end of the generator 10, and the braking gear 14 can be meshed with the accelerating gear 23 at the rear end while being in transmission with a rack 28 of the guide rail 6 to drive the high-speed shafts 19 on both sides of the accelerating gear 23 to rotate, so that the rotor in the generator 10 on both sides rotates to cut the magnetic induction line to generate electricity.

Referring to fig. 3, a first bearing 18 is installed at the connection between the transmission shaft 15 and the brake chamber 12, and a second bearing 20 is installed at the connection between the high-speed shaft 19 and the brake chamber 12, so that the rotation precision of the transmission shaft 15 and the high-speed shaft 19 can be improved by the first bearing 18 and the second bearing 20, and the structural operation stability can be enhanced.

Referring to fig. 4, a shaft sleeve 21 is installed at the connection between the transmission shaft 15 and the electromagnet 17, a plurality of magnetic conductive balls 22 are installed inside the shaft sleeve 21, the magnetic conductive balls 22 are made of a ferrosilicon alloy, and have excellent magnetic conductive performance, during normal use, the magnetic conductive balls 22 can reduce abrasion of the end face of the transmission shaft 15 through sliding action, improve the accuracy of the transmission shaft 15 to a certain extent, and when the electromagnet 17 is opened, magnetic force can be quickly transmitted to the magnetic conductive balls 22, and the end of the transmission shaft 15 is adsorbed by the magnetic force for braking and limiting.

Referring to fig. 6, polytetrafluoroethylene coating 24 is disposed on the outer walls of the accelerating gear 23, the braking gear 14 and the rack 28, and the polytetrafluoroethylene coating 24 has good self-lubricating property, is a non-sticky coating, is not easy to be stained with dust on the surface, reduces the maintenance difficulty of the gear and the rack 28, and ensures that the transmission among the accelerating gear 23, the braking gear 14 and the rack 28 is smoother and is not easy to be blocked.

Referring to fig. 7, a bar slot 25 is provided on a side of a side rail 6, a height positioning bar code 26 is installed in the bar slot 25, a transparent shell 27 is installed on an outer wall of the bar slot 25, a code reader 11 is installed on one side of a brake mechanism 9, a code consistent with the height of an elevator shaft is built in the height positioning bar code 26, the code reader 11 can identify the height of the elevator car 5 in the shaft through scanning codes at different positions of the height positioning bar code 26, and the transparent shell 27 on the outer wall of the bar slot 25 can play a good role in protecting the height positioning bar code 26.

Referring to fig. 8, a standby power module 29, a power supply module 30, a circuit breaker 31, a rectifier 32, an elevator system 33, a timer 34, an alarm module 35 and a controller 36 are installed in the elevator car 5, an output end of the generator 10 is electrically connected with an input end of the standby power module 29 through the rectifier 32, an output end of the standby power module 29 is electrically connected with an input end of the power module through the power supply module 30, the power module is connected with the standby power module 29 through the circuit breaker 31, and when the elevator is powered off, the circuit breaker 31 can be switched to the standby power module 29 to operate, so that a minimum power supply requirement of an infrastructure of the elevator system 33 is ensured, and electric energy required by the operation of the brake mechanism 9 is provided.

Referring to fig. 8, the output end of the standby power module 29 is electrically connected with the input ends of the elevator system 33, the timer 34, the alarm module 35, the code reader 11 and the controller 36, the output end of the controller 36 is electrically connected with the input end of the electromagnet 17, and when the elevator fails and is powered off, the standby power module 29 can supply power to the elevator system 33, the timer 34, the alarm module 35, the code reader 11 and the controller 36 to meet the emergency requirement of the elevator.

Referring to fig. 1 to 8, a method for using a braking device for a traction elevator capable of braking with high precision includes the steps of:

step one: when the elevator normally operates, the traction machine 1 pulls the car frame 4 through the traction rope 3 to realize lifting of the elevator car 5, in the lifting process, four groups of brake mechanisms 9 on two sides of the elevator car 5 are driven by the internal brake gears 14 and racks 28 on the guide rails 6 to ensure stability of the lifting process, meanwhile, the brake gears 14 are meshed with the accelerating gears 23 at the rear ends to drive the high-speed shafts 19 on two sides of the accelerating gears 23 to rotate, so that the rotors in the generators 10 on two sides rotate to cut magnetic induction lines to generate electricity, alternating current is rectified into direct current through the rectifier 32 and then stored into the standby power supply module 29, and when the electric energy in the standby power supply module 29 reaches the upper limit of energy storage, the power supply module 30 supplies redundant electric energy to the elevator power supply module to reduce the whole energy consumption;

step two: when the elevator car 5 reaches a specified floor, the hoisting rope 3 is locked by the built-in locking mechanism of the traction machine 1, after the hoisting rope is locked, a control cabinet 2 feeds back a signal to a controller 36, an electromagnet 17 is driven to operate, the electromagnet 17 generates magnetic force and is conducted to a plurality of magnetic conduction balls 22 in a shaft sleeve 21, so that the magnetic conduction balls 22 generate magnetic force and then adsorb transmission shafts 15 on two sides of a brake gear 14, and the brake gear 14 is clamped on a rack 28 of a guide rail 6, thereby assisting the traction machine 1 to strengthen the braking effect;

step three: after the electromagnet 17 is adsorbed and fixed, the terminal continuously controls the elevator door to be opened, after the elevator door is closed, the terminal feeds back a signal to the controller 36 again, the electromagnet 17 is closed, and after the magnetic force on the magnetic conduction ball 22 disappears, the elevator car 5 is continuously pulled by the traction machine 1 to lift;

step four: when the elevator fails and is powered off, the circuit breaker 31 is switched to the standby power module 29 after sensing the power-off signal, the standby power module 29 drives the electromagnet 17 to operate after guaranteeing the minimum power supply requirement of the infrastructure of the elevator system 33, the magnetic balls 22 generate magnetic force to absorb the transmission shafts 15 on two sides of the brake gear 14, the brake gear 14 in the four groups of brake mechanisms 9 is blocked with the guide rail 6, the elevator car 5 is stably braked by matching with the traction machine 1 locked due to the power-off effect, the code reader 11 on the side of the brake mechanism 9 confirms the stagnation height of the current elevator by scanning the height positioning bar code 26 on the side of the guide rail 6, and when the height information stays at the non-flat position for more than thirty seconds, the timer 34 automatically feeds back the information to the terminal to switch on the alarm module 35 to call a rescuer.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a but braking device for traction elevator of high accuracy braking, includes hauler (1), switch board (2) and car frame (4), the output of switch board (2) is connected with the input of hauler (1) electricity, hauler (1) are connected with car frame (4) through hauling rope (3), the internally mounted of car frame (4) has elevator car (5);

the method is characterized in that: further comprises:

brake mechanisms (9) which are arranged on two sides of the outer wall of the car frame (4), and the brake mechanisms (9) are provided with four brake mechanisms;

the guide rails (6) are arranged on two sides of the car frame (4), the guide rails (6) are in transmission connection with the braking mechanism (9), the lower ends of the guide rails (6) on two sides are connected through the positioning bottom plate (7), the two sides of the lower end of the guide rails (6) are in welded connection with the positioning bottom plate (7) through the triangular reinforcement (8), and racks (28) are arranged on the outer walls of the guide rails (6);

a generator (10) disposed on both sides of the four brake mechanisms (9);

the braking mechanism (9) comprises a braking chamber (12), a braking gear (14), a transmission shaft (15) and an electromagnet (17), wherein a transmission cavity (13) is formed in the braking chamber (12), the braking gear (14) is arranged in the transmission cavity (13), two transmission shafts (15) are arranged on two sides of the braking gear (14) respectively, L-shaped brackets (16) are arranged on two sides of the braking chamber (12), one ends of the two transmission shafts (15) penetrate through the braking chamber (12) and extend into the L-shaped brackets (16), the electromagnet (17) is arranged on the outer wall of the L-shaped brackets (16), and the braking gear (14) is in transmission connection with racks (28) on the outer wall of the guide rail (6);

the connecting part of the transmission shaft (15) and the electromagnet (17) is provided with a shaft sleeve (21), and a plurality of magnetic conduction balls (22) are arranged in the shaft sleeve (21).

2. The braking device for a traction elevator capable of braking with high precision according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rear end of the brake gear (14) is provided with an acceleration gear (23), the brake gear (14) is in transmission connection with the acceleration gear (23), high-speed shafts (19) are arranged on two sides of the acceleration gear (23), and one end of each high-speed shaft (19) penetrates through and extends to the outside of the brake chamber (12) and is in transmission connection with the input end of the generator (10).

3. The braking device for a traction elevator capable of braking with high precision according to claim 2, characterized in that: a first bearing (18) is arranged at the joint of the transmission shaft (15) and the braking chamber (12), and a second bearing (20) is arranged at the joint of the high-speed shaft (19) and the braking chamber (12).

4. The braking device for a traction elevator capable of braking with high precision according to claim 3, characterized in that: polytetrafluoroethylene coatings (24) are arranged on the outer walls of the accelerating gear (23), the braking gear (14) and the rack (28).

5. The braking device for a traction elevator capable of braking with high precision according to claim 4, characterized in that: the side of guide rail (6) is provided with bar groove (25) on one side, the internally mounted of bar groove (25) has high location bar code (26), install transparent shell cover (27) on the outer wall of bar groove (25), one side of brake mechanism (9) is installed and is read sign indicating number ware (11).

6. The braking device for a traction elevator capable of braking with high precision according to claim 5, characterized in that: the elevator car is characterized in that a standby power supply module (29), a power supply module (30), a circuit breaker (31), a rectifier (32), an elevator system (33), a timer (34), an alarm module (35) and a controller (36) are arranged in the elevator car (5), the output end of the generator (10) is electrically connected with the input end of the standby power supply module (29) through the rectifier (32), the output end of the standby power supply module (29) is electrically connected with the input end of the power supply module through the power supply module (30), and the power supply module is connected with the standby power supply module (29) through the circuit breaker (31).

7. The braking device for a traction elevator capable of braking with high precision according to claim 6, characterized in that: the output end of the standby power supply module (29) is electrically connected with the input ends of the elevator system (33), the timer (34), the alarm module (35), the code reader (11) and the controller (36), and the output end of the controller (36) is electrically connected with the input end of the electromagnet (17).

8. The method of using a braking device for a traction elevator capable of braking with high accuracy according to claim 7, comprising the steps of:

step one: when the elevator normally operates, the elevator car frame (4) is pulled by the traction machine (1) through the traction rope (3) to realize lifting of the elevator car (5), in the lifting process, four groups of brake mechanisms (9) on two sides of the elevator car (5) are driven by a rack (28) on a guide rail (6) through an internal brake gear (14), so that stability of the lifting process is ensured, meanwhile, the brake gear (14) is meshed with an acceleration gear (23) at the rear end to drive a high-speed shaft (19) on two sides of the acceleration gear (23) to rotate, so that rotors in the two-side generators (10) rotate to cut magnetic induction lines to generate electricity, alternating current is rectified into direct current through a rectifier (32) and then stored into a standby power supply module (29), and when the electric energy in the standby power supply module (29) reaches an upper energy storage limit, the redundant electric energy is supplied to the elevator power supply module through a power supply module (30), and the whole energy consumption is reduced;

step two: when the elevator car (5) reaches a specified floor, a traction rope (3) is locked by a built-in locking mechanism of the traction machine (1), after the locking, a feedback signal of the control cabinet (2) is sent to a controller (36), an electromagnet (17) is driven to operate, the electromagnet (17) generates magnetic force and is conducted to a plurality of magnetic conduction balls (22) in a shaft sleeve (21), the magnetic conduction balls (22) generate magnetic force and then adsorb transmission shafts (15) on two sides of a brake gear (14), and the brake gear (14) is clamped on racks (28) of a guide rail (6), so that the traction machine (1) is assisted to strengthen a braking effect;

step three: after the electromagnet (17) is adsorbed and fixed, the terminal continuously controls the elevator door to be opened, after the elevator door is closed, the terminal feeds back a signal to the controller (36) again, the electromagnet (17) is closed, and after the magnetic force on the magnetic conduction ball (22) disappears, the elevator car (5) is continuously pulled by the traction machine (1) to lift;

step four: when the elevator fails and is powered off, the circuit breaker (31) senses the power-off signal and then switches to the standby power supply module (29), the standby power supply module (29) ensures the minimum power supply requirement of the infrastructure of the elevator system (33), the controller (36) drives the electromagnet (17) to operate, the magnetic balls (22) generate magnetic force and then adsorb the transmission shafts (15) on two sides of the braking gear (14), the braking gear (14) in the four groups of braking mechanisms (9) are blocked with the guide rail (6), and the traction machine (1) locked by the power-off action is matched to stably brake the elevator car (5), and the braking mechanisms (9) are stably braked

The side code reader (11) scans the side height positioning bar code (26) of the guide rail (6),

confirming the stagnation height of the current elevator, when the height information stays at the non-flat floor position for more than thirty seconds,

the timer (34) can automatically feed back information to the terminal, and the alarm module (35) is connected to call rescue workers.

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