CN115303460A - Cargo hold unloading and substitute inert gas supply system for ammonia power super oil tanker - Google Patents
Cargo hold unloading and substitute inert gas supply system for ammonia power super oil tanker Download PDFInfo
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- CN115303460A CN115303460A CN202211078316.3A CN202211078316A CN115303460A CN 115303460 A CN115303460 A CN 115303460A CN 202211078316 A CN202211078316 A CN 202211078316A CN 115303460 A CN115303460 A CN 115303460A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
- B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
- B63H21/14—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven relating to internal-combustion engines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures
- B63B27/34—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures using pipe-lines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
- B63J3/00—Driving of auxiliaries
Abstract
The invention has proposed a kind of ammonia power super oil tanker cargo hold unloads and replaces the inert gas supply system, this system includes ammonia fuel supply system, ammonia gas burns and uses the system, unloads and three subsystems of the gas supply system, when the super oil tanker transports the crude oil from cargo hold to the shore-based oil depot through the unloading pump in the unloading port, the invention adopts and unloads and the gas supply system, this system can substitute the inert gas with the ammonia after the ammonia fuel vaporization on the vessel and let in the cargo hold, adopt the prime mover to be the electric motor and connect the method of shore electricity at the same time, has improved the energy utilization efficiency of the prime mover, and then has improved the efficiency of the whole unloading device, has solved the problem that the prime mover adopts the thermal efficiency of the steam turbine mode low; in addition, the system does not generate waste gas in the process of conveying crude oil at the unloading port, so that the port environment is not polluted, and the development concept of green ports and green ships is met, therefore, the system has excellent practical application value and economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ships, in particular to an ammonia power super oil tanker cargo hold unloading and substitute inert gas supply system.
Background
The super tanker, abbreviated as VLCC, is a vessel dedicated to carrying crude oil, and because of the huge crude oil carrying capacity, the carrying capacity of the tanker can reach about 30 ten thousand tons, the super tanker becomes a main vessel for transporting crude oil. The super tanker is provided with a plurality of longitudinal bulkheads for increasing the stability of the ship; in addition, in order to increase the sinking resistance, a plurality of transverse bulkheads are arranged, so that the number of cargo holds of the super tanker is large, and can reach more than 20.
After a super tanker for transporting crude oil arrives at a discharge port, liquid cargos stored in a cargo hold need to be unloaded, the liquid cargos in the cargo hold are conveyed to an oil depot of a wharf through a discharge pump in the existing unloading process, wherein 10000 tons of cargos can be unloaded within 1 hour based on the extremely large flow of the discharge pump, so that the power of the discharge pump is relatively high, the discharge pump is generally driven to operate by a steam turbine, steam required by the steam turbine is derived from steam generated by a ship fuel auxiliary boiler, and meanwhile, waste gas generated by the combustion of the fuel oil by the ship auxiliary boiler is changed into inert gas to be introduced into each cargo hold after being washed by seawater, so that the problem that the cargo hold is difficult to suck due to a certain vacuum degree is avoided; if outside air is directly introduced above the cargo hold in the unloading process, the outside air can be mixed with liquid cargo oil and gas in the cargo hold to cause explosion. This is why the tanker is being unloaded with inert gas.
The above-mentioned unloading process has the following problem at present: first, it is known that the steam turbine heat engine efficiency during the unloading process is low, about 29%, so that the auxiliary boiler fuel consumption is relatively high during the unloading process; secondly, the ship fuel auxiliary boiler burns fuel to generate more waste gas, but the capacity of the cargo hold of the super tanker is limited, so that only part of the waste gas is filled into the cargo hold, and in addition, a large amount of residual waste gas is discharged into the atmosphere, which causes certain pollution to the port environment with higher discharge requirement; thirdly, in the process that the waste gas generated by burning the fuel oil by the auxiliary boiler is washed by the seawater and then is introduced into the cargo hold, the seawater washing waste gas is washed by the seawater near the port, so that certain pollution to the port environment is inevitably caused, and the method is different from the current concepts of green ports and green ships. It can be seen that there are significant shortages and deficiencies in the way that the auxiliary vessel boilers burn fuel to power the discharge pumps and provide inert gas to the cargo holds.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an ammonia power super tanker cargo hold unloading and alternative inert gas supply system which can replace inert gas with ammonia gas obtained by vaporizing ammonia fuel per se and adopt a prime motor as a motor and access shore power.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cargo hold unloading and gas supply system of an ammonia power super-tanker, which can introduce ammonia gas vaporized from ammonia fuel on a ship into a cargo hold when the super-tanker conveys crude oil from the cargo hold to a shore-based oil depot through an unloading pump in an unloading port, and simultaneously adopts a prime motor as an electric motor, and the electric motor is connected to shore power to drive the unloading pump; in addition, the system can supply the ammonia gas stored in the cargo hold to the combustion of the main diesel engine of the ship in the sailing process after the super tanker is unloaded. The system does not produce waste gas in the process of conveying crude oil at the unloading port, further does not pollute the port environment, and accords with the development concepts of green ports and green ships, so the system has extremely good practical application value and economic benefit.
The system comprises three subsystems, namely an ammonia fuel supply system, an ammonia gas burning system and an unloading and gas supply system. Wherein the ammonia fuel supply system includes: the system comprises an ammonia fuel cabin, a lightering pump, a primary booster pump, a secondary booster pump, a cylinder liner water heater and a main diesel engine of a ship. The ammonia gas combustion system comprises: the device comprises a cargo hold, an ammonia outlet valve, an air extraction pump, a compressor, a secondary booster pump, a cylinder sleeve water heater, a main diesel engine of the ship, a fan, an exhaust gas washing unit and an inert gas supply valve. The unloading and gas supply system comprises: the system comprises an ammonia fuel cabin, a lightering pump, a vaporization heat exchanger, an ammonia gas inlet valve, a cargo hold, a liquid cargo outlet valve, a discharge pump, a shore-based oil depot, a motor and a shore-based power supply station.
In the ammonia fuel supply system, the ammonia fuel cabin is connected with the lightering pump through a pipeline; the lightering pump is connected with the first-stage booster pump through a pipeline; the first-stage booster pump is connected with the cylinder sleeve water heater through a pipeline; and the cylinder sleeve water heater is connected with a main diesel engine of a ship through a pipeline.
In the ammonia gas combustion system, the cargo hold is connected with an ammonia gas outlet valve at the top through a pipeline; the ammonia outlet valve is connected with the air pump through a pipeline; the air pump is connected with the compressor through a pipeline; the compressor is connected with the secondary booster pump through a pipeline; the secondary booster pump is connected with the cylinder sleeve water heater through a pipeline; the cylinder sleeve water heater is connected with a main diesel engine of the ship through a pipeline; the exhaust gas discharge port of the ship main diesel engine is connected with a fan through a pipeline; the fan is connected with the waste gas washing unit through a pipeline; the waste gas washing unit is connected with an inert gas supply valve through a pipeline; the inert gas supply valve is connected to the top of the cargo compartment through a pipeline.
In the unloading and gas supply system, the ammonia fuel tank stores liquid ammonia fuel and is connected with the lightering pump through a pipeline; the lightering pump is connected with the vaporization heat exchanger through a pipeline; the vaporization heat exchanger is connected with an ammonia gas inlet valve through a pipeline; the ammonia gas inlet valve is connected with the top of the cargo hold through a pipeline; the cargo hold is connected with a liquid cargo outlet valve at the bottom through a pipeline; the liquid cargo outlet valve is connected with a discharge pump through a pipeline, the discharge pump is driven by a motor, a power source of the motor is provided by a shore-based power supply station, and the discharge pump is connected with a shore-based oil depot through a pipeline.
Further, the system defines n cargo holds, C1, C2, \8230;, and Cn cargo holds, respectively, on the super tanker, and the connection is based on the connection process of one cargo hold, and the connection process of the cargo holds of C1, C2, \8230;, and Cn is the same.
During a voyage of a supertanker from a loading port loading crude oil to a unloading port: boats and ships adopt ammonia fuel feed system, refute the liquid ammonia fuel in the pump with the ammonia fuel cabin and refute and transport out, flow through the pipeline and reach the one-level booster pump, carry out the pressure boost through the one-level booster pump and handle, the back flow through the second grade booster pump and carry out the pressure boost again and handle, the rethread pipeline flows through cylinder liner water heater and utilizes cylinder liner water to carry out final intensification, satisfies the supply temperature of boats and ships main diesel engine, supplies boats and ships main diesel engine to use.
When the supertanker arrives at the port of unloading: the unloading and gas supply system is adopted for the ship, when the ship stops at an unloading port and is about to unload, an ammonia gas inlet valve and a liquid cargo outlet valve corresponding to the C1 cargo hold are opened, at the moment, an unloading pump starts to convey crude oil in the C1 cargo hold to a shore-based oil depot under the drive of a motor, wherein the power of the motor is sourced from a shore-based power supply station; when the unloading pump conveys crude oil, in order to avoid the pressure inconsistency between the inside and the outside of the C1 cargo hold, the liquid ammonia fuel in the ammonia fuel hold is unloaded by the unloading pump, flows to the vaporization heat exchanger through the pipeline, is subjected to temperature rise treatment by the vaporization heat exchanger to be changed into ammonia gas, and then the ammonia gas is filled into the C1 cargo hold through the pipeline to balance the pressure.
After the cargo hold C1 is unloaded, the corresponding ammonia gas inlet valve and the corresponding liquid cargo outlet valve are closed, then the ammonia gas inlet valve and the corresponding liquid cargo outlet valve of the cargo hold C2 are opened, at the moment, the unloading pump starts to convey the crude oil in the cargo hold C2 to the shore-based oil depot under the drive of the motor, in order to avoid the inconsistency of the internal pressure and the external pressure of the cargo hold C2, therefore, the liquid ammonia fuel in the ammonia fuel tank is unloaded by the unloading pump, flows to the vaporization heat exchanger through a pipeline, the liquid ammonia is heated by the vaporization heat exchanger to be changed into ammonia, the ammonia is filled into the cargo hold C2 through the pipeline to balance the pressure, and the like, the cargo holds C3, C4, 8230, and the unloading and air supply processes of the cargo holds Cn are the same as those of the cargo holds C1 and C2. Wherein, in the unloading and air supply process, C1, C2, \8230 `, and the ammonia gas outlet valve and the inert gas supply valve corresponding to the Cn cargo hold are both in a closed state.
During the voyage of the supertanker with its cargo compartments filled with ammonia from the unloading port to the loading port: as the cargo holds C1, C2, \8230 \ Cn and Cn are filled with a large amount of ammonia gas at the unloading port, the ship simultaneously adopts an ammonia gas combustion system and an ammonia fuel supply system to respectively convey mixed fuel of ammonia gas and liquid ammonia to the main diesel engine for combustion. In the process, the ammonia outlet valve corresponding to the C1 cargo hold is opened, and the ammonia in the C1 cargo hold is conveyed out from the pipeline to the compressor under the action of the air suction pump to carry out preliminary pressurization. And simultaneously when the ammonia gas in the C1 cargo hold is conveyed to the main diesel engine for combustion, the ship also adopts an ammonia fuel supply system to convey the liquid ammonia fuel to the main diesel engine for combustion. At the moment, liquid ammonia in the ammonia fuel cabin is lighted by using a lightering pump, then is mixed with ammonia compressed by a compressor after being pressurized by a primary booster pump, the compressed ammonia is liquefied by means of cold energy of liquid ammonia fuel lightered out of the ammonia fuel cabin, and enters a secondary booster pump together for pressurization, and then is heated by using a cylinder sleeve water heater, so that the supply temperature of the main diesel engine of the ship is met, and the main diesel engine of the ship is combusted.
In the process of pumping ammonia from the C1 cargo hold through the air suction pump, when the ammonia vacuum degree in the C1 cargo hold is 95%, the ammonia outlet valve corresponding to the C1 cargo hold is closed, the inert gas supply valve corresponding to the C1 cargo hold is opened, meanwhile, the ammonia outlet valve corresponding to the C2 cargo hold is opened, part of exhaust gas discharged by the ship main diesel engine is blown into the exhaust gas washing unit through the fan, the exhaust gas is subjected to dust removal, water vapor removal and other treatment through the exhaust gas washing unit and then is changed into inert gas, the inert gas is introduced into the C1 cargo hold, the pressure in the cargo hold is normal pressure, the pressure inside and outside the cargo hold is consistent, explosion after the outside air enters the cargo hold is avoided, and after the required inert gas is filled into the C1 cargo hold, the inert gas supply valve corresponding to the C1 cargo hold is closed. The above is the ammonia gas transportation process of the C1 cargo hold and the process of the main diesel engine generating inert gas to the C1 cargo hold.
Similarly, the ammonia gas transportation process of the C2, C3, C4, \8230:, the Cn cargo holds, and the process of introducing the inert gas generated by the main diesel engine into the C2, C3, C4, \8230:, the Cn cargo holds are the same as the C1 cargo holds.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a discharging system and an original inert gas supply system for replacing the discharging system in the discharging process of a super oil tanker, and the discharging system does not discharge waste gas into the atmosphere in a port in the discharging process and does not need to wash the waste gas by using seawater, so that the discharging system does not pollute the environment of the port and accords with the development concept of green ports and green ships.
2. The system adopts the method that the prime motor is the electric motor and is connected with shore power in parallel, so that the energy utilization efficiency of the prime motor is improved, the efficiency of the whole unloading device is further improved, and the problem of low heat efficiency of the mode that the steam turbine is adopted by the prime motor is solved.
3. The system ingeniously introduces ammonia gas into the cargo hold instead of inert gas in the unloading port, and supplies the ammonia gas to the main diesel engine of the ship for combustion in the ship sailing process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system selected for use during unloading of a vessel in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a system used in the process of sailing a ship from an unloading port to a loading port in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a system selected for use in connection with the arrival of a ship at a port of discharge and the navigation of various routes;
in the drawings: 1. an ammonia fuel compartment; 2. a lightering pump; 3. a vaporizing heat exchanger; 4. an ammonia gas inlet valve; 5. a cargo compartment; 6. a liquid cargo outlet valve; 7. a discharge pump; 8. a shore-based oil depot; 9. an electric motor; 10. a shore-based power supply station; 11. an ammonia gas outlet valve; 12. an air pump; 13. a compressor; 14. a secondary booster pump; 15. a cylinder liner water heater; 16. a marine main diesel engine; 17. an inert gas supply valve; 18. a fan; 19. an exhaust gas scrubbing unit; 20. a first-stage booster pump.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
An ammonia power super oil tanker cargo hold unloading and alternative inert gas supply system is shown in figures 1 and 2 and comprises an ammonia fuel supply system, an ammonia gas combustion system and an unloading and gas supply system. Wherein the discharge and gas supply system comprises: the system comprises an ammonia fuel cabin 1, a lightering pump 2, a vaporization heat exchanger 3, an ammonia gas inlet valve 4, a cargo hold 5, a liquid cargo outlet valve 6, a discharge pump 7, a shore-based oil depot 8, a motor 9 and a shore-based power supply station 10. The ammonia gas combustion system comprises: the system comprises a cargo hold 5, an ammonia outlet valve 11, an air suction pump 12, a compressor 13, a secondary booster pump 14, a cylinder liner water heater 15, a main marine diesel engine 16, a fan 18, an exhaust gas scrubbing unit 19 and an inert gas supply valve 17. The ammonia fuel supply system includes: the system comprises an ammonia fuel tank 1, a lightering pump 2, a primary booster pump 20, a secondary booster pump 14, a cylinder liner water heater 15 and a marine main diesel engine 16.
As shown in fig. 3, in the present system: when the super tanker unloads in the unloading port, the unloading and gas supply system is adopted; an ammonia fuel supply system is adopted during the sailing process of the super tanker for loading crude oil from a loading port to a unloading port; the ammonia gas burning system and the ammonia fuel supply system are simultaneously used during the voyage of the supertanker from the unloading port to the loading port. The super tanker has n cargo holds, C1, C2, \8230; cn cargo holds.
In the unloading and gas supply system, the ammonia fuel tank 1 is used for storing liquid ammonia fuel and is connected with a lightering pump 2 through a pipeline; the lightering pump 2 is connected with the vaporization heat exchanger 3 through a pipeline; the vaporization heat exchanger 3 is connected with an ammonia gas inlet valve 4 through a pipeline; the ammonia gas inlet valve 4 is connected with the top of the cargo hold 5 through a pipeline; the cargo hold 5 is connected with a liquid cargo outlet valve 6 at the bottom through a pipeline; the liquid cargo outlet valve 6 is connected with a discharge pump 7 through a pipeline, wherein the discharge pump 7 is driven by a motor 9, the power source of the motor 9 is provided by a shore-based power supply station 10, and the discharge pump 7 is connected with a shore-based oil depot 8 through a pipeline.
In the ammonia fuel supply system, the ammonia fuel tank 1 stores liquid ammonia fuel and is connected with a lightering pump 2 through a pipeline; the lightering pump 2 is connected with the first-stage booster pump 20 through a pipeline; the primary booster pump 20 is connected with the secondary booster pump 14 through a pipeline; the secondary booster pump 14 is connected with a cylinder liner water heater 15 through a pipeline; the cylinder liner water heater 15 is connected with a main diesel engine 16 of the ship through a pipeline.
In the ammonia gas combustion system, the cargo hold 5 is connected with an ammonia gas outlet valve 11 at the top through a pipeline; the ammonia outlet valve 11 is connected with the air pump 12 through a pipeline; the air pump 12 is connected with the compressor 13 through a pipeline; the compressor 13 is connected with a secondary booster pump 14 through a pipeline; the secondary booster pump 14 is connected with a cylinder liner water heater 15 through a pipeline; the cylinder sleeve water heater 15 is connected with a main diesel engine 16 of the ship through a pipeline; the exhaust gas discharge port of the marine main diesel engine 16 is connected with a fan 18 through a pipeline; the fan 18 is connected with an exhaust gas washing unit 19 through a pipeline; the waste gas washing unit 19 is connected with an inert gas supply valve 17 through a pipeline; the inert gas supply valve 17 is connected to the top of the cargo compartment 5 by a pipeline.
During a voyage of a supertanker from a loading port loading crude oil to a unloading port: the ammonia fuel supply system is adopted for the ship, the liquid ammonia fuel in the ammonia fuel cabin 1 is transferred out through the transfer pump 2, flows through a pipeline to reach the primary booster pump 20, is subjected to boosting treatment through the primary booster pump 20, then flows through the secondary booster pump 14 to be subjected to re-boosting treatment, and finally is heated through the pipeline, flows through the cylinder sleeve water heater 15 and utilizes the cylinder sleeve water to meet the supply temperature of the main diesel engine 16 of the ship, so that the main diesel engine 16 of the ship can be combusted.
When the supertanker arrives at the port of unloading: the unloading and gas supply system is adopted for the ship, when the ship stops at an unloading port and is about to unload, the ammonia gas inlet valve 4 and the liquid cargo outlet valve 6 corresponding to the C1 cargo hold are opened, at the moment, the unloading pump 7 starts to convey crude oil in the C1 cargo hold into the shore-based oil depot 8 under the drive of the motor 9, wherein the power of the motor 9 is sourced from a shore-based power supply station; in order to avoid the pressure inconsistency between the inside and the outside of the C1 cargo hold while the unloading pump 7 conveys the crude oil, the liquid ammonia fuel in the ammonia fuel hold 1 is unloaded by the unloading pump 2 and flows to the vaporization heat exchanger 3 through the pipeline, the liquid ammonia is heated by the vaporization heat exchanger 3 to be changed into ammonia gas, and the ammonia gas is filled into the C1 cargo hold through the pipeline to balance the pressure.
After the cargo hold C1 is unloaded, the corresponding ammonia gas inlet valve 4 and the corresponding liquid cargo outlet valve 6 are closed, the ammonia gas inlet valve 4 and the corresponding liquid cargo outlet valve 6 of the cargo hold C2 are opened, at the moment, the unloading pump 7 starts to convey the crude oil in the cargo hold C2 into the shore-based oil depot 8 under the drive of the motor 9, in order to avoid the inconsistency of the internal pressure and the external pressure of the cargo hold C2, therefore, the liquid ammonia fuel in the ammonia fuel hold 1 is unloaded by the lightering pump 2 and flows to the vaporizing heat exchanger 3 through the pipeline, the liquid ammonia is changed into ammonia gas through the temperature rise treatment of the vaporizing heat exchanger 3, the ammonia gas is filled into the cargo hold C2 through the pipeline to balance the pressure, and so on, the cargo holds C3, C4, C8230, cn are unloaded and supplied with the gas in the cargo hold C1 and C2. Wherein, during unloading and gas supply, C1, C2, \8230:, the ammonia gas outlet valve 11 and the inert gas supply valve 17 corresponding to the Cn cargo holds are both in a closed state.
During the voyage of the supertanker with the cargo holds filled with ammonia gas from the unloading port to the loading port: as the cargo holds C1, C2, 8230A and Cn are filled with a large amount of ammonia gas in the port of unloading, the mixed fuel of ammonia gas and liquid ammonia at (-33 ℃) is respectively conveyed by an ammonia gas combustion system and an ammonia fuel supply system for the ship to be used for the main diesel engine. In the process, the ammonia gas outlet valve 11 corresponding to the C1 cargo hold is opened, and the ammonia gas in the C1 cargo hold is conveyed out from the pipeline to the compressor 13 under the action of the air suction pump 12 to carry out preliminary pressurization. And simultaneously when the ammonia gas in the C1 cargo hold is conveyed to the main diesel engine for combustion, the ship also adopts an ammonia fuel supply system to convey the liquid ammonia fuel to the main diesel engine for combustion. At the moment, liquid ammonia in the ammonia fuel tank 1 is lighted by the lightering pump 2, then is mixed with ammonia compressed by the compressor 13 after being pressurized by the primary booster pump, the compressed ammonia is liquefied by means of cold energy of liquid ammonia fuel in the ammonia fuel tank 1, and enters the secondary booster pump together for pressurization, and then is heated by the cylinder liner water heater, so that the supply temperature of the ship main diesel engine 16 is met, and the ship main diesel engine 16 can be combusted.
In the process of pumping ammonia gas from the C1 cargo hold through the air pump 12, when the ammonia gas vacuum degree in the C1 cargo hold is 95%, the ammonia gas outlet valve 11 corresponding to the C1 cargo hold is closed, the inert gas supply valve 17 corresponding to the C1 cargo hold is opened, the ammonia gas outlet valve 11 corresponding to the C2 cargo hold is opened at the same time, the ship main diesel engine 16 introduces part of the discharged waste gas into the waste gas collection unit, the waste gas in the waste gas collection unit is blown into the waste gas washing unit 19 through the fan 18, the waste gas is subjected to dust removal, water vapor removal and other treatment through the waste gas washing unit 19 and then is changed into inert gas to be introduced into the C1 cargo hold, the pressure in the C1 cargo hold is normal pressure, the pressure inside and outside the C1 cargo hold is consistent, and explosion after the outside air enters the C1 cargo hold is avoided. After the C1 cargo tank is filled with the required inert gas, the corresponding inert gas supply valve 17 of the C1 cargo tank is closed.
Similarly, the ammonia gas transportation process of the cargo holds of Cn, C2, C3, C4, 8230, inert gas generated by the main diesel engine is introduced into the cargo holds of C2, C3, C4, 8230, cn, and the like, which are the same as the cargo holds of C1.
In the process of burning the ammonia gas in each cargo hold, the ammonia gas in the C2 cargo hold is burned only after the ammonia gas in the C1 cargo hold is used up, and so on, the C3, C4, \ 8230; \8230, cn cargo holds are used up in sequence.
The ammonia gas pressurized by the compressor 13 is liquefied by using cold energy of liquid ammonia in the ammonia fuel tank 1, so that the compressor 13 can realize liquefaction without pressurizing the ammonia gas to a higher pressure, and the power consumption of the compressor 13 is reduced.
In the sailing process of the super tanker from the unloading port to the loading port, because the power consumption required for liquefying the ammonia gas in the cargo hold 5 by using the compressor 13 is very high, in order to optimize the scheme, the mixed fuel of the ammonia gas in each cargo hold and the liquid ammonia in the ammonia fuel tank 1 is delivered to the ship main diesel engine 16 for combustion, wherein the mixing ratio of the ammonia gas to the liquid ammonia is 1. Because the calorific value of ammonia is relatively small, the daily consumption of ammonia fuel of a super oil tanker is about 150 tons, and the total volume of ammonia gas stored in each cargo hold of the system is 300000m under the normal temperature and pressure state 3 And the total mass is 227 tons, and if the ammonia gas and the liquid ammonia are mixed according to the proportion of 1The ammonia gas in the tanks is completely consumed, and since the supertanker usually spends a long time, mostly more than half a month, empty from the loading port to the unloading port, the ammonia gas in each cargo tank is completely consumed during the empty voyage, and after the ammonia gas is completely consumed, the ammonia fuel for the remaining voyage of the supertanker is supplied from the ammonia fuel tanks 1.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the specific examples described herein are intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof. It should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. An ammonia powered super tanker cargo hold unloading and alternative inert gas supply system characterized in that: the system comprises three subsystems, namely an ammonia fuel supply system, an ammonia gas combustion system and a discharging and gas supply system, wherein the discharging and gas supply system is adopted in the discharging process of the super tanker at a discharging port; an ammonia fuel supply system is adopted during the sailing process when the super tanker loads crude oil from a loading port to a unloading port; when the super tanker uses both the ammonia gas combustion system and the ammonia fuel supply system during the voyage from the unloading port to the loading port,
the unloading and gas supply system comprises: the system comprises an ammonia fuel cabin (1), a lightering pump (2), a vaporization heat exchanger (3), an ammonia gas inlet valve (4), a cargo hold (5), a liquid cargo outlet valve (6), a discharge pump (7), a shore-based oil depot (8), a motor (9) and a shore-based power supply station (10), wherein the number of the cargo holds (5) is n, and the cargo holds are respectively C1, C2, 8230, 8230and Cn,
in the unloading and gas supply system, the ammonia fuel tank (1) is used for storing liquid ammonia fuel and is connected with a lightering pump (2) through a pipeline; the lightering pump (2) is connected with the vaporization heat exchanger (3) through a pipeline; the vaporization heat exchanger (3) is connected with an ammonia gas inlet valve (4) through a pipeline; the ammonia gas inlet valve (4) is connected with the top of the cargo hold (5) through a pipeline; the bottom of the cargo hold (5) is connected with a liquid cargo outlet valve (6) through a pipeline; the liquid cargo outlet valve (6) is connected with a discharge pump (7) through a pipeline, wherein the discharge pump (7) is driven by a motor (9), the power source of the motor (9) is provided by a shore-based power supply station (10), and the discharge pump (7) is connected with a shore-based oil depot (8) through a pipeline.
2. The ammonia-powered supertanker cargo hold offloading and alternative inert gas supply system of claim 1, wherein: the ammonia gas burning system comprises a cargo hold (5), an ammonia gas inlet valve (4), an air suction pump (12), a compressor (13), a secondary booster pump (14), a cylinder liner water heater (15), a ship main diesel engine (16), a fan (18), an exhaust gas washing unit (19) and an inert gas supply valve (17),
in the ammonia gas combustion system, the cargo hold (5) is connected with an ammonia gas outlet valve (11) at the top through a pipeline; the ammonia outlet valve (11) is connected with the air pump (12) through a pipeline; the air pump (12) is connected with the compressor (13) through a pipeline; the compressor (13) is connected with the secondary booster pump (14) through a pipeline; the secondary booster pump (14) is connected with the cylinder sleeve water heater (15) through a pipeline; the cylinder sleeve water heater (15) is connected with a main diesel engine (16) of the ship through a pipeline; the exhaust gas discharge port of the ship main diesel engine (16) is connected with a fan (18) through a pipeline; the fan (18) is connected with an exhaust gas washing unit (19) through a pipeline; the waste gas washing unit (19) is connected with an inert gas supply valve (17) through a pipeline; the inert gas supply valve (17) is connected to the top of the cargo hold (5) through a pipeline.
3. The ammonia-powered supertanker cargo hold offloading and alternative inert gas supply system of claim 1, wherein: the ammonia fuel supply system includes: an ammonia fuel tank (1), a lightering pump (2), a primary booster pump (20), a secondary booster pump (14), a cylinder liner water heater (15) and a ship main diesel engine (16),
in the ammonia fuel supply system, the ammonia fuel tank (1) stores liquid ammonia fuel and is connected with a lightering pump (2) through a pipeline; the lightering pump (2) is connected with the first-stage booster pump (20) through a pipeline; the primary booster pump (20) is connected with the secondary booster pump (14) through a pipeline; the secondary booster pump (14) is connected with the cylinder sleeve water heater (15) through a pipeline; and the cylinder sleeve water heater (15) is connected with a main marine diesel engine (16) through a pipeline.
4. The ammonia-powered supertanker cargo hold offloading and alternative inert gas supply system according to claim 1, wherein: the main diesel engine (16) of the ship leads part of the discharged waste gas into the waste gas collecting unit, and then the waste gas in the waste gas collecting unit is blown into the waste gas washing unit (19) through the fan (18).
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN202211078316.3A CN115303460A (en) | 2022-09-05 | 2022-09-05 | Cargo hold unloading and substitute inert gas supply system for ammonia power super oil tanker |
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| CN202211078316.3A CN115303460A (en) | 2022-09-05 | 2022-09-05 | Cargo hold unloading and substitute inert gas supply system for ammonia power super oil tanker |
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| CN202211078316.3A Pending CN115303460A (en) | 2022-09-05 | 2022-09-05 | Cargo hold unloading and substitute inert gas supply system for ammonia power super oil tanker |
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