CN113716009A - System for ammonia power LPG ship utilizes fuel cold energy to handle cargo hold BOG - Google Patents

System for ammonia power LPG ship utilizes fuel cold energy to handle cargo hold BOG Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113716009A
CN113716009A CN202111176884.2A CN202111176884A CN113716009A CN 113716009 A CN113716009 A CN 113716009A CN 202111176884 A CN202111176884 A CN 202111176884A CN 113716009 A CN113716009 A CN 113716009A
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China
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
cargo hold
ammonia
cargo
fuel
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CN202111176884.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李博洋
林轶群
杨庆勇
岳荣芹
张荣秀
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Qingdao University of Science and Technology
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Qingdao University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN202111176884.2A priority Critical patent/CN113716009A/en
Publication of CN113716009A publication Critical patent/CN113716009A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63HMARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/38Apparatus or methods specially adapted for use on marine vessels, for handling power plant or unit liquids, e.g. lubricants, coolants, fuels or the like
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63JAUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
    • B63J2/00Arrangements of ventilation, heating, cooling, or air-conditioning
    • B63J2/12Heating; Cooling
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T70/00Maritime or waterways transport

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a system for processing cargo hold BOG of an ammonia-powered LPG ship, which comprises: the system comprises a first cargo hold, a second cargo hold, a third cargo hold, a fourth cargo hold, a full-cooling ammonia storage tank, a lightering pump, a cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger, an ammonia fuel booster pump, a ship host, a first cargo hold heat exchanger, a second cargo hold heat exchanger, a third cargo hold heat exchanger, a fourth cargo hold heat exchanger, an ammonia fuel input pipeline and an ammonia fuel output pipeline. The method fully utilizes the cold energy released by the ammonia fuel in the process of supplying the ammonia fuel to the main diesel engine of the ship to maintain the cargo hold of the LPG ship at a certain low temperature, thereby avoiding the generation of the BOG of the LPG cargo hold.

Description

System for ammonia power LPG ship utilizes fuel cold energy to handle cargo hold BOG
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ships, and particularly relates to a system for processing cargo hold BOG by using cold energy of fuel for an ammonia power LPG ship.
Background
With the continuous development of the shipping industry, ships powered by fuel oil cause more and more serious pollution problems. In order to protect the marine environment, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) requires that the emission of greenhouse gases from ships be reduced to half of that in 2008 by 2050, and that the carbon strength of international shipping be reduced by 40% by 2030. In order to achieve the goal of reducing marine environmental pollution, the international shipping industry is continuously strengthening the research and development efforts on zero-carbon emission ships and searching for clean energy to replace traditional fuels.
Ammonia is currently attracting much attention as a potential carbon-free fuel for ocean-going ship transportation, ammonia belongs to a nitrogen-hydrogen compound, and ammonia is an ideal fuel substitute as a marine fuel, can effectively reduce the emission of carbon oxides and sulfur oxides. The ammonia gas also has the characteristics of stable supply, convenient transportation and the like, so that the ammonia gas can be used as ship fuel to meet the future emission requirement, realize zero emission in the true sense and have great environmental protection value. The 2020 energy prospect report published by the International Energy Agency (IEA) shows that more than 60% of new ships are expected to use "zero carbon" fuel by 2060. Thus, as a "zero carbon" fuel, ammonia will find wide application on ships.
To save storage space for fuel, ammonia fuel is stored in an ammonia storage tank, usually in liquid form, on board a ship. The design temperature of the ammonia storage tank is typically-40 ℃, and the loading capacity of such ammonia storage devices is large. The ammonia fuel needs to be gasified to the normal temperature or so before being supplied to a main diesel engine of a ship for combustion, and the ammonia fuel can release a large amount of available cold energy in the process. The ammonia fuel is heated to the temperature required by a main diesel engine of a ship by using cylinder liner water, and the method wastes a large amount of cold energy released by the ammonia fuel and consumes high-quality waste heat contained in the cylinder liner water.
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is a common chemical raw material and a novel energy source, and as global energy consumption increases, consumption of LPG and other energy sources rises year by year, so that LPG carriers are continuously enlarged and the number of ships increases year by year, and the LPG carriers mainly transport Petroleum hydrocarbons with propane and butane as main components. The cargo hold of such ships is classified into a fully-cooled type, a fully-pressurized type and a semi-cooled and semi-pressurized type according to the cargo transportation mode, wherein the fully-cooled type is also called as a fully-cooled typeThe LPG is stored in a liquid tank which is not pressure-resistant for low-temperature normal-pressure type, the volume of a single tank is rarely limited, the LPG is suitable for building large ships, and the capacity is 50000-100000 m3Therefore, the cargo hold is widely applied. The temperature of a full-cooling type LPG cargo tank is generally kept at about-32 ℃, although an insulating layer is arranged, the LPG still has large temperature difference with the surrounding environment, so that the heat of the surrounding environment can be absorbed by the LPG to generate steam (BOG for short) in the transportation process, and the full-cooling type LPG cargo tank has extremely low pressure resistance and can only be discharged into the atmosphere if not processed, so that the cargo loss and the environmental pollution are caused. At present, a method for processing the BOG of the cargo hold is to arrange a refrigerating device on a ship to ensure that the BOG is liquefied again and flows back to the cargo hold, but the refrigerating device consumes a large amount of electric energy on the ship, greatly increases the fuel consumption of the ship for refrigeration and increases the running cost of the ship.
Therefore, if the cold energy contained in the ammonia fuel is used for refrigerating the cargo hold of the LPG transport ship, and further the generation of BOG in the cargo hold is avoided, the method not only can save a large amount of electric energy required by refrigerating the cargo hold, greatly reduce the fuel consumption of the ship due to refrigeration, but also can avoid the waste of the cold energy in the ammonia fuel, and improve the comprehensive utilization rate of the energy of the ship.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at the problems and provides a system for processing cargo hold BOG by using cold energy of fuel for an ammonia-powered LPG transport ship, which mainly comprises: the system comprises a full-cold type ammonia storage tank, a lightering pump, an ammonia fuel input pipeline, a first cargo hold heat exchanger, a second cargo hold heat exchanger, a third cargo hold heat exchanger, a fourth cargo hold heat exchanger, an ammonia fuel output pipeline, an ammonia fuel booster pump, a cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger and a main diesel engine of a ship.
The lightering pump is placed at the bottom of the full-cold ammonia storage tank and is connected with the ammonia fuel input pipeline through a pipeline, the inlet of the ammonia fuel input pipeline is connected with the outlet of the ammonia storage tank, and the outlet of the ammonia fuel input pipeline is respectively connected with the first cargo compartment heat exchanger, the second cargo compartment heat exchanger, the third cargo compartment heat exchanger and the fourth cargo compartment heat exchanger through pipelines. The first cargo compartment heat exchanger is located within the first cargo compartment, the second cargo compartment heat exchanger is located within the second cargo compartment, the third cargo compartment heat exchanger is located within the third cargo compartment, and the fourth cargo compartment heat exchanger is located within the fourth cargo compartment. The first cargo compartment heat exchanger, the second cargo compartment heat exchanger, the third cargo compartment heat exchanger and the fourth cargo compartment heat exchanger are respectively connected with the inlet of the ammonia fuel output pipeline, and the outlet of the ammonia fuel output pipeline is connected with the cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger through a pipeline. The ammonia fuel booster pump is arranged between the ammonia fuel output pipeline and the cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger, and the cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger is connected with the ship main diesel engine through a pipeline.
In the system for processing the cargo hold BOG by utilizing the fuel cold energy of the ammonia-powered LPG transport ship, the ammonia storage tank is used for storing liquid ammonia fuel, and the lightering pump is arranged at the bottom of the ammonia storage tank. The ammonia fuel which is transported out by the lightering pump in the ammonia storage tank enters the first cargo compartment heat exchanger, the second cargo compartment heat exchanger, the third cargo compartment heat exchanger and the fourth cargo compartment heat exchanger from the ammonia fuel input pipeline outlet respectively, and cold energy is released in the first cargo compartment, the second cargo compartment, the third cargo compartment and the fourth cargo compartment, so that the cargo compartments maintain a certain low temperature, and the generation of BOG is avoided. And the ammonia fuel after heat exchange is finished flows into the ammonia fuel booster pump along the pipeline for boosting, and the boosted ammonia fuel flows out from the outlet of the booster pump. The ammonia fuel at this moment reaches the demand of boats and ships main diesel engine through supercharging pressure, but the temperature that the temperature can not reach the host computer demand utilizes cylinder sleeve water to carry out the heat transfer in need further entering cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger, and the ammonia fuel after the heat transfer from cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger can reach the burning requirement of boats and ships main diesel engine, and the ammonia fuel passes through the pipeline afterwards and gets into the burning of boats and ships main diesel engine and provide propulsion power for boats and ships.
When the LPG transport ship is anchored or maneuvered, the main diesel engine of the ship does not need to consume a large amount of ammonia fuel, so that the cold energy of the ammonia fuel cannot be utilized to maintain the low-temperature state of the cargo hold of the LPG ship, and the generated BOG needs to be liquefied again through the work of the refrigeration system of the cargo hold of the LPG ship.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention utilizes the cold energy contained in the ammonia fuel to process the BOG generated in the transportation process of the LPG ship, can effectively save the electric energy required by refrigeration of refrigeration equipment of a cargo hold of the LPG transport ship, reduces the fuel consumption of the refrigeration of the ship and greatly improves the economy of the ship.
2. According to the invention, the cold energy of the ammonia fuel on the ammonia-powered ship is utilized to process the BOG generated in the cargo hold of the LPG transport ship, so that the cold energy contained in the ammonia fuel is fully utilized, the waste of the cold energy of the ammonia fuel is avoided, a high-quality heat source for heating the ammonia fuel is saved, and the comprehensive utilization rate of the energy of the ship is improved.
3. The system has simple structure, lower cost and easy realization, and under the background of energy conservation and emission reduction, the system realizes the systematic utilization of the cold energy of the ammonia fuel for the ship taking the ammonia fuel as the power, thereby having good application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the positions of the cargo hold and ammonia storage tank of the LNG carrier of the present invention;
in the drawings: 1. a first cargo compartment; 2. a second cargo compartment; 3. a third cargo compartment; 4. a fourth cargo compartment; 5. a fully-cooled ammonia storage tank; 6. a lightering pump; 7. a cylinder liner water heat exchanger; 8. an ammonia fuel booster pump; 9. a marine main engine; 10. a first cargo compartment heat exchanger; 11. a second cargo compartment heat exchanger; 12. a third cargo compartment heat exchanger; 13. a fourth cargo compartment heat exchanger; 14. an ammonia fuel input line; 15. an ammonia fuel output line.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
A system for processing cargo tank BOG by ammonia power LPG carrier using fuel cold energy is disclosed in figure 1, which mainly comprises: the system comprises a first cargo hold 1, a second cargo hold 2, a third cargo hold 3, a fourth cargo hold 4, a full-cold type ammonia storage tank 5, a lightering pump 6, a cylinder liner water heat exchanger 7, an ammonia fuel booster pump 8, a ship main diesel engine 9, a first cargo hold heat exchanger 10, a second cargo hold heat exchanger 11, a third cargo hold heat exchanger 12, a fourth cargo hold heat exchanger 13, an ammonia fuel input pipeline 14 and an ammonia fuel output pipeline 15.
Refute the pump 6 and locate the bottom of full cold type ammonia storage tank 5, refute the pump 6 through the pipeline with ammonia fuel input pipeline 14 is connected, and ammonia fuel input pipeline entry is connected with 5 exits of ammonia storage tank, 14 exports of ammonia fuel input pipeline respectively with first cargo hold heat exchanger 10, second cargo hold heat exchanger 11, third cargo hold heat exchanger 12, fourth cargo hold heat exchanger 13 pass through the pipe connection. The first cargo compartment heat exchanger 10 is located in the first cargo compartment 1, the second cargo compartment heat exchanger 11 is located in the second cargo compartment 2, the third cargo compartment heat exchanger 12 is located in the third cargo compartment 3, and the fourth cargo compartment heat exchanger 4 is located in the fourth cargo compartment 13. The first cargo compartment heat exchanger 10, the second cargo compartment heat exchanger 11, the third cargo compartment heat exchanger 12 and the fourth cargo compartment heat exchanger 13 are respectively connected with an inlet of the ammonia fuel output pipeline 14 through pipelines, and an outlet of the ammonia fuel output pipeline 15 is connected with the cylinder liner water heat exchanger 7 through a pipeline. Wherein, the ammonia fuel booster pump 8 is arranged between the cylinder liner water heat exchanger and the main diesel engine of the ship.
In the system for processing the cargo BOG by using the cold energy of the fuel in the ammonia-powered LPG transport ship, the ammonia storage tank 5 is used for storing the liquid ammonia fuel, when a main diesel engine of the ship consumes a large amount of fuel, the ammonia storage tank 5 can convey a large amount of ammonia fuel outwards, the lightering pump position 6 is arranged at the bottom of the fully-cooled ammonia storage tank 5 and mainly has the function of conveying the ammonia fuel required by the main diesel engine 9 of the ship out of the tank and enabling the ammonia fuel to reach a certain pressure; the ammonia fuel which is in transport enters a first cargo compartment heat exchanger 10, a second cargo compartment heat exchanger 11, a third cargo compartment heat exchanger 12 and a fourth cargo compartment heat exchanger 13 from an ammonia fuel input pipeline outlet 14, then the ammonia fuel exchanges heat with a first cargo compartment 1, a second cargo compartment 2, a third cargo compartment 3 and a fourth cargo compartment 4 through a refrigerant, and the low-temperature states of the first cargo compartment 1, the second cargo compartment 2, the third cargo compartment 3 and the fourth cargo compartment 4 are maintained to avoid the generation of cargo compartment BOG; the ammonia fuel that accomplishes the heat transfer flows into ammonia fuel output pipeline 15 along the pipeline, the ammonia fuel flows into the 8 pressure boost of ammonia fuel booster pump along the pipeline afterwards, flow out from 8 exports of ammonia fuel booster pump after the pressure boost is accomplished, the ammonia fuel after accomplishing the pressure boost can reach the required pressure of boats and ships main diesel engine 9 burning, but the ammonia fuel temperature this moment can not reach the temperature of host computer demand, need further to get into and utilize cylinder liner water to carry out the heat transfer in the cylinder liner water heat exchanger 7, thereby reach the requirement of boats and ships main diesel engine 9 burning, the ammonia fuel burns through pipeline entering boats and ships main diesel engine 9 at last and provides propulsion power for boats and ships.
When the LPG carrier is moored or motored, the main diesel engine 9 of the ship does not consume a large amount of ammonia fuel, and therefore cannot maintain the low temperature state of the cargo tank by using the cold energy of the ammonia fuel, and the BOG gas generated from the LPG cargo tank is mainly processed by the operation of the refrigeration system of the LPG cargo tank.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the specific examples described herein are intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not intended to be limiting. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention and should be considered within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A system for processing cargo hold BOG by ammonia power LPG ship by using fuel cold energy is characterized in that: the system comprises a first cargo hold (1), a second cargo hold (2), a third cargo hold (3), a fourth cargo hold (4), a full-cooling ammonia storage tank (5), a lightering pump (6), a cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger (7), an ammonia fuel booster pump (8), a ship main diesel engine (9), a first cargo hold heat exchanger (10), a second cargo hold heat exchanger (11), a third cargo hold heat exchanger (12), a fourth cargo hold heat exchanger (13), an ammonia fuel input pipeline (14) and an ammonia fuel output pipeline (15);
the lightering pump (6) is arranged at the bottom of the fully-cooled ammonia storage tank (5) and is connected with the ammonia fuel input pipeline (14) through a pipeline, the inlet of the ammonia fuel input pipeline (14) is connected with the outlet of the fully-cooled ammonia storage tank (5), the outlet of the ammonia fuel input pipeline (14) is respectively connected with the first cargo hold heat exchanger (10), the second cargo hold heat exchanger (11), the third cargo hold heat exchanger (12) and the fourth cargo hold heat exchanger (13) through pipelines, the first cargo hold heat exchanger (10), the second cargo hold heat exchanger (11), the third cargo hold heat exchanger (12) and the fourth cargo hold heat exchanger (13) are respectively connected with an inlet of an ammonia fuel output pipeline (14) through pipelines, the ammonia fuel output pipeline (15) is connected with the cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger (7), and finally the cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger (7) is connected with a main diesel engine (9) of the ship.
2. The system for treating the cargo tank BOG using the fuel cold energy of the ammonia-powered LPG ship as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the first cargo compartment heat exchanger (10) is located in a first cargo compartment (1), the second cargo compartment heat exchanger (11) is located in a second cargo compartment (2), the third cargo compartment heat exchanger (12) is located in a third cargo compartment (3), and the fourth cargo compartment heat exchanger (13) is located in a fourth cargo compartment (4).
3. The system for treating the cargo tank BOG using the fuel cold energy of the ammonia-powered LPG ship as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the ammonia fuel booster pump (8) is arranged between the ammonia fuel output pipeline (15) and the cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger (7).
CN202111176884.2A 2021-10-09 2021-10-09 System for ammonia power LPG ship utilizes fuel cold energy to handle cargo hold BOG Withdrawn CN113716009A (en)

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CN202111176884.2A CN113716009A (en) 2021-10-09 2021-10-09 System for ammonia power LPG ship utilizes fuel cold energy to handle cargo hold BOG

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CN202111176884.2A CN113716009A (en) 2021-10-09 2021-10-09 System for ammonia power LPG ship utilizes fuel cold energy to handle cargo hold BOG

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114954798A (en) * 2022-07-07 2022-08-30 广东海洋大学 Liquefied carbon dioxide carrier cargo hold heat preservation system utilizing ammonia fuel cold energy

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114954798A (en) * 2022-07-07 2022-08-30 广东海洋大学 Liquefied carbon dioxide carrier cargo hold heat preservation system utilizing ammonia fuel cold energy

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Application publication date: 20211130