CN115302913A - Structural-function integrated heat-preservation beehive and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Structural-function integrated heat-preservation beehive and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115302913A
CN115302913A CN202210830892.2A CN202210830892A CN115302913A CN 115302913 A CN115302913 A CN 115302913A CN 202210830892 A CN202210830892 A CN 202210830892A CN 115302913 A CN115302913 A CN 115302913A
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China
Prior art keywords
beehive
heating
layer
composite
foam core
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CN202210830892.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
周光远
王宏标
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Jiangsu Zhongke Polymer New Material Industry Technology Research Institute Co ltd
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Jiangsu Zhongke Polymer New Material Industry Technology Research Institute Co ltd
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Priority to CN202210830892.2A priority Critical patent/CN115302913A/en
Publication of CN115302913A publication Critical patent/CN115302913A/en
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K47/00—Beehives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K47/00—Beehives
    • A01K47/06—Other details of beehives, e.g. ventilating devices, entrances to hives, guards, partitions or bee escapes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/046—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
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    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B3/30—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1284—Application of adhesive
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/0036—Heat treatment
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/54—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes flexible
    • H05B3/56—Heating cables
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    • B32B2038/0052—Other operations not otherwise provided for
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    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2266/0221—Vinyl resin
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a composite structure beehive, which is a heat-preservation beehive taking a foam interlayer composite material as a main body and integrating heating and structural support functions. The beehive prepared from the foam interlayer composite material can provide physical support required by the beehive and also has certain heat preservation performance; heating device from area can provide supplementary heating in the beehive is inside, helps the temperature in the guarantee beehive to be in the optimum temperature of honeybee, promotes and produces honey efficiency. The integrated beehive with the heating unit integrated in the foam interlayer composite material has the characteristics of light weight, high strength and good heat preservation performance, and the foam interlayer structure on the outer side can be used as a main body of the beehive, so that the structural support effect is provided, and the heat transfer of the heating unit on the inner side to the outside of the beehive is reduced; and meanwhile, the heating unit arranged on the inner side can realize automatic heating control on the beehive through a temperature control system, and the energy utilization rate of the beehive is high.

Description

Structural-function integrated heat-preservation beehive and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of beehives, relates to a composite structure beehive and a preparation method thereof, and particularly relates to a structure-function integrated heat preservation beehive and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The beehive is a place for the breeding of bees in the beekeeping process, is also a fixed place for producing bee products such as honey, royal jelly, beeswax and the like, and is the most basic beekeeping tool.
The proper beehive temperature is important for the life, reproduction and honey production efficiency of the bees. The temperature influences the growth and development processes of the bees, such as development duration, birth weight, external form, gland development and the like; meanwhile, the temperature also influences the occurrence and propagation of bee diseases and insect pests. The bees have the instinct of regulating the temperature of the beehive, and when the temperature drops, the bee colony consumes honey and the colony moves to generate heat to maintain the temperature of the beehive to be normal.
At present, most of traditional beehives are made of wood materials, the heat preservation performance is poor, and when the temperature drops, the temperature of the beehive is kept normal by consuming honey and generating heat through group movement, so that the honey production efficiency of the beehive is caused. Therefore, the honey production efficiency of bees is influenced in the environment with large temperature difference in the morning and evening, and for areas with low temperature in winter, manual heat preservation and protection are carried out by transferring the beehive to places such as a cave, and the cost of a beekeeper is increased to a certain extent. And traditional wooden material beehive not only has the poor problem of heat insulating ability, still has to occupy timber resources, weatherability is poor (life is short), easy mouldy and clearance difficulty scheduling problem.
Therefore, how to develop a more suitable beehive has become one of the problems to be solved urgently by domestic production enterprises and front-line researchers.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is a composite structure beehive and a manufacturing method thereof, in particular to a structural and functional integrated thermal insulation beehive. This beehive has the characteristics that the quality is light, intensity is high, thermal insulation performance is good, and the heating device of taking certainly can provide supplementary heating in that the beehive is inside, helps guaranteeing that the temperature in the beehive is in the optimum temperature of honeybee, promotes and produces honey efficiency. And the production process is simple, and is suitable for large-scale production and popularization.
The invention provides a composite structure beehive, which comprises a box body composite plate and a mounting section bar;
the box composite board comprises from outside to inside:
a structural layer;
the heating unit layer is compounded on the structural layer;
the protective layer is compounded on the heating unit layer;
the structural layer comprises a thermoplastic foam core layer and a glass fiber reinforced plastic plate;
the glass fiber reinforced plastic plate is arranged on two sides of the thermoplastic foam core layer or on the outer side of the thermoplastic foam core layer.
Preferably, the thermoplastic foam comprises one or more of polypropylene foam, polyvinyl chloride foam, and polyethylene terephthalate foam;
the thickness of the thermoplastic foam core layer is 20-40 mm;
the density of the thermoplastic foam is 40-60 kg/m 3 。
Preferably, the glass fiber reinforced plastics comprise one or more of unsaturated polyester glass fiber reinforced plastics, vinyl resin glass fiber reinforced plastics and epoxy resin glass fiber reinforced plastics;
the thickness of the glass fiber reinforced plastic plate is 0.8-1.5 mm;
the density of the glass fiber reinforced plastic is 1800-2000 kg/m 3 。
Preferably, an adhesive layer is further included between the thermoplastic foam core layer and the glass fiber reinforced plastic plate;
the adhesive of the adhesive layer comprises a reactive adhesive;
the reactive adhesive comprises one or more of a polyurethane adhesive, a flexible epoxy adhesive and an acrylic adhesive.
Preferably, the heating unit layer comprises a heating film and/or a heating cable;
the thickness of the heating film is 0.3-0.5 mm;
the power of the heating film is 100-150W/m 2 ；
The diameter of the heating cable is 3-6 mm;
the power of the heating cable is 8-20W/m.
Preferably, when the heating unit layer comprises a heating film, the glass fiber reinforced plastic plates in the structural layer are arranged on two sides of the thermoplastic foam core layer;
when the heating unit layer comprises a heating cable, the glass fiber reinforced plastic plate in the structural layer is arranged on the outer side of the thermoplastic foam core layer;
the heating cable is embedded and arranged on the surface of the thermoplastic foam core layer;
the surface of the thermoplastic foam core layer is also provided with a wire groove;
the heating unit further comprises a controller and/or a temperature controlled probe.
Preferably, the thickness of the protective layer is 0.5-1.0 mm;
the protective layer comprises an aluminum alloy plate;
the aluminum alloy is available in one or more of 3003, 5083 and 6061;
the wall thickness of the mounting section bar is 1.0-1.5 mm;
the mounting profile comprises an aluminum alloy extruded profile;
the aluminum alloy extruded profile has a designation including one or more of 6061, 6063 and 6005.
Preferably, the composite structure beehive is formed by assembling a box body composite plate and a mounting section bar;
the composite structure beehive is a structure function integrated heat preservation beehive;
the thermoplastic foam core layer comprises a thermoplastic foam sheet or a thermoplastic bead foam.
The invention provides a preparation method of a composite structure beehive, which comprises the following steps:
1) Injecting polymer foaming beads into a mold, heating and forming by using steam to obtain a thermoplastic foam core material, and placing a heating cable in a wire slot of the thermoplastic foam core material to obtain a thermoplastic foam core layer compounded with a heating layer;
2) Coating an adhesive between the outer glass fiber reinforced plastic plate, the thermoplastic foam core layer compounded with the heating layer and the protective layer obtained in the step, placing the mixture in a mold, and performing pressurization curing molding to obtain a box body composite plate;
3) Assembling the box body composite board and the mounting section bar obtained in the step to obtain a composite structure beehive;
or the following steps:
a) Respectively compounding the outer glass fiber reinforced plastic plate and the inner glass fiber reinforced plastic plate on two sides of the foam plate core material through an adhesive, and then carrying out pressure curing molding to obtain a structural layer;
b) Respectively compounding the electrothermal film and the protective layer on two sides of the structure obtained in the step through an adhesive, and then performing pressurization curing molding to obtain a box body composite board;
c) And (3) splicing the box body composite board and the mounting section bar obtained in the above steps to obtain the composite structure beehive.
Preferably, the amount of the binder is 20 to 50g/m 2 ；
The pressure for the pressurization, solidification and molding is 30-90 KPa;
the time for pressing, curing and molding is 4-8 h.
The invention provides a composite structure beehive, which comprises a box body composite plate and a mounting section bar; the box composite board comprises from outside to inside: a structural layer; the heating unit layer is compounded on the structural layer; the protective layer is compounded on the heating unit layer; the structural layer comprises a thermoplastic foam core layer and a glass fiber reinforced plastic plate; the glass fiber reinforced plastic plate is arranged on two sides of the thermoplastic foam core layer or on the outer side of the thermoplastic foam core layer. Compared with the prior art, the invention carries out corresponding research aiming at the problems of poor heat preservation and the like of the traditional wooden beehive, although the existing improved beehive carries out auxiliary heating on the interior of the beehive through an external electric heating device (a heating plate or a resistance wire), and carries out temperature compensation on the interior of the beehive through a heat radiation or ventilation device for carrying out heat exchange. The temperature control probe is connected with the controller to realize the linkage control of the heating plate and the automatic adjustment of the temperature of the beehive, but the research of the invention considers that, the form of the external electric heating device can provide auxiliary heat for the beehive to a certain degree, but has the problems of low energy utilization rate, low space utilization rate of the beehive, complex structure of the beehive and the like. Particularly, for direct heat supply in the form of heat radiation, on one hand, additional structures such as a protection plate (net) and a partition plate are needed to isolate the bee chamber from the heating device so as to protect bees; on the other hand, the heat preservation effect of the beehive is additionally considered to be increased so as to improve the heat utilization rate. To carrying out temperature compensation to the beehive inside with the form that breather carries out the heat exchange, the beehive structure is complicated, and the beehive cost is high, and also defect such as transportation of convenient beekeeper transition.
Based on this, the invention creatively designs a composite structure beehive, which is a heat preservation beehive taking a foam interlayer composite material as a main body and integrating the functions of heating and structural support. The beehive prepared from the foam interlayer composite material can provide physical support required by the beehive and also has certain heat preservation performance; heating device from area can provide supplementary heating in the beehive is inside, helps the temperature in the guarantee beehive to be in the optimum temperature of honeybee, promotes and produces honey efficiency. The integrated beehive with the heating unit integrated in the foam interlayer composite material has the characteristics of light weight, high strength and good heat preservation performance, and the foam interlayer structure on the outer side can be used as a main body of the beehive, so that the structural support effect is provided, and the heat transfer of the heating unit on the inner side to the outside of the beehive is reduced; and meanwhile, the heating unit arranged on the inner side can realize automatic heating control on the beehive through a temperature control system, and the energy utilization rate of the beehive is high.
According to the composite structure beehive provided by the invention, the heating unit and the beehive body are integrally designed, so that the weight reduction and the high space utilization rate of the beehive are facilitated; the foam sandwich structure is used as the main body of the beehive, so that the heat of the heating unit at the inner side can be reduced to be transferred to the outside of the beehive outside the beehive, the energy utilization rate is high, and the honey production efficiency of bees can be improved in a low-temperature environment; the sectional material assembling process is adopted, so that the process is simple, the production efficiency is high, the maneuverability is good, and the design change resistance is strong; the automatic auxiliary heating of the heating unit can be realized through the linkage of the temperature measuring probe and the controller; is beneficial to lightening the work of bee farmers, reducing the production investment and improving the bee-keeping income. And the production process of the composite structure beehive is simple, and is suitable for large-scale production and popularization.
Experimental results show that the composite structure beehive provided by the invention has good heat insulation performance and the heat conductivity coefficient is not higher than 0.1W/(m.K); by adopting the beehive, at least 25kg of load can be borne by a single beehive; under the condition that the environmental temperature is not lower than 0 ℃, the constancy of the temperature of 25 ℃ in the beehive can be realized within 30 minutes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a box composite board using bead foam as a core material according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation of a heating cable in a foam trunking in a composite board of a box body with bead foam as a core material according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite board of a box body with a foam board as a core material according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, reference will now be made to the preferred embodiments of the invention by way of example, and it is to be understood that the description is intended to further illustrate features and advantages of the invention, and not to limit the scope of the claims.
All of the starting materials of the present invention, without particular limitation as to their source, may be purchased commercially or prepared according to conventional methods well known to those skilled in the art.
All the raw materials of the present invention are not particularly limited in their purity, and the present invention preferably adopts industrial purity or purity conventionally used in the field of beehive preparation.
All the raw materials, the marks and the acronyms thereof belong to the conventional marks and acronyms in the field, each mark and acronym is clear and definite in the field of related application, and the raw materials can be purchased from the market or prepared by a conventional method by the technical staff in the field according to the marks, the acronyms and the corresponding application.
All the processes of the invention, the abbreviations thereof belong to the common abbreviations in the art, each abbreviation is clear and definite in the field of its associated use, and the ordinary process steps thereof can be understood by those skilled in the art from the abbreviations.
The invention provides a composite structure beehive, which comprises a box body composite plate and a mounting section bar;
the box composite board comprises from outside to inside:
a structural layer;
the heating unit layer is compounded on the structural layer;
the protective layer is compounded on the heating unit layer;
the structural layer comprises a thermoplastic foam core layer and a glass fiber reinforced plastic plate;
the glass fiber reinforced plastic plate is arranged on two sides of the thermoplastic foam core layer or on the outer side of the thermoplastic foam core layer.
In the present invention, the outside of the thermoplastic foam core layer preferably refers to the side remote from the heating unit.
In the present invention, the thermoplastic foam preferably includes one or more of polypropylene foam, polyvinyl chloride foam, and polyethylene terephthalate foam, and more preferably polypropylene foam, polyvinyl chloride foam, or polyethylene terephthalate foam.
In the present invention, the thickness of the thermoplastic foam core layer is preferably 20 to 40mm, more preferably 24 to 36mm, and more preferably 28 to 32mm.
In the present invention, the density of the thermoplastic foam is preferably 40 to 60kg/m 3 More preferably 44 to 56kg/m 3 More preferably 48 to 52kg/m 3 。
In the present invention, the glass fiber reinforced plastic preferably includes one or more of unsaturated polyester glass fiber reinforced plastic, vinyl resin glass fiber reinforced plastic and epoxy resin glass fiber reinforced plastic, and more preferably unsaturated polyester glass fiber reinforced plastic, vinyl resin glass fiber reinforced plastic or epoxy resin glass fiber reinforced plastic.
In the present invention, the thickness of the glass fiber reinforced plastic sheet is preferably 0.8 to 1.5mm, more preferably 0.9 to 1.4mm, more preferably 1.0 to 1.3mm, and more preferably 1.1 to 1.2mm.
In the present invention, the density of the glass fiber reinforced plastic is preferably 1800 to 2000kg/m 3 More preferably 1840 to 1960kg/m 3 More preferably 1880 to 1920kg/m 3 。
In the present invention, an adhesive layer is preferably further included between the thermoplastic foam core layer and the glass fiber reinforced plastic sheet.
In the present invention, the adhesive of the adhesive layer preferably includes a reactive adhesive.
In the present invention, the reactive adhesive preferably includes one or more of a polyurethane adhesive, a flexible epoxy adhesive, and an acrylic adhesive, and more preferably a polyurethane adhesive, a flexible epoxy adhesive, or an acrylic adhesive.
In the present invention, the heating unit layer preferably includes a heating film and/or a heating cable, and more preferably a heating film or a heating cable.
In the present invention, the thickness of the heating film is preferably 0.3 to 0.5mm, more preferably 0.34 to 0.46mm, and still more preferably 0.38 to 0.42mm.
In the present invention, the power of the heating film is preferably 100 to 150W/m 2 More preferably 110 to 140W/m 2 More preferably 120 to 130W/m 2 。
In the present invention, the diameter of the heating cable is preferably 3 to 6mm, more preferably 3.5 to 5.5mm, and still more preferably 4.0 to 5.0mm.
In the present invention, the power of the heating cable is preferably 8 to 20W/m, more preferably 10 to 18W/m, and still more preferably 12 to 16W/m.
In the present invention, when the heating unit layer includes a heating film, the glass fiber reinforced plastic sheet in the structural layer is preferably disposed on both sides of the thermoplastic foam core layer.
In the present invention, when the heating unit layer includes a heating cable, the glass fiber reinforced plastic sheet in the structural layer is preferably disposed outside the thermoplastic foam core layer.
In the present invention, the heat-generating cable embedding is preferably provided on the surface of the thermoplastic foam core layer.
In the present invention, the surface of the thermoplastic foam core layer is also preferably provided with a wire groove.
In the present invention, the heating unit further preferably comprises a controller and/or a temperature control probe, more preferably a controller or a temperature control probe.
In the present invention, the thickness of the protective layer is preferably 0.5 to 1.0mm, more preferably 0.6 to 0.9mm, and still more preferably 0.7 to 0.8mm.
In the present invention, the protective layer preferably comprises an aluminum alloy plate.
In the present invention, the aluminum alloy is preferably included in one or more of 3003, 5083 and 6061, more preferably 3003, 5083 or 6061.
In the present invention, the thickness of the mounting profile is preferably 1.0 to 1.5mm, more preferably 1.1 to 1.4mm, and still more preferably 1.2 to 1.3mm.
In the present invention, the mounting profile preferably comprises an aluminum alloy extruded profile.
In the present invention, the aluminum alloy extruded profile preferably includes one or more of the designations 6061, 6063 and 6005, and more preferably 6061, 6063 or 6005.
In the invention, the composite structure beehive is preferably formed by assembling a composite board and a mounting section bar of the box body.
In the invention, the composite structure beehive is preferably a structure-function integrated heat preservation beehive.
In the present invention, the thermoplastic foam core layer preferably comprises a thermoplastic foam sheet or a thermoplastic bead foam sheet.
The invention is a complete and refined integral technical scheme, better ensures the structure of the composite structure beehive, improves the characteristics of the composite structure beehive such as light weight, high strength, good heat preservation performance, high heating function and high energy utilization rate, and the composite structure beehive can be specifically the following structure:
this structural function integration heat preservation beehive is assembled by box composite sheet and installation section bar and is formed. The box body composite board comprises a structural layer, a heating unit layer and a protective layer from outside to inside, and the structural layer, the heating unit layer and the protective layer are connected and compounded by adopting an adhesive.
Specifically, the structural layer comprises a glass fiber reinforced plastic plate, a thermoplastic foam core layer bonded on the glass fiber reinforced plastic plate, and a glass fiber reinforced plastic plate bonded on the thermoplastic foam core layer.
Specifically, the thermoplastic foam core material has the thickness of 20-40 mm and the density of 40-60 kg/m 3 One or more of polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene terephthalate foam.
Specifically, the glass fiber reinforced plastic plate has a thickness of 0.8-1.5 mm and a density of 1800-2000 kg/m 3 One or more of unsaturated polyester, vinyl resin and epoxy resin.
Specifically, the adhesive is a reactive adhesive and comprises one or more of a polyurethane adhesive, a flexible epoxy resin adhesive and an acrylic adhesive; the dosage is 20 to 50g/m 2 。
Specifically, the heating unit comprises an electric heating film or a heating cable, a controller and a temperature control probe. The thickness of the electric heating film is 0.3-0.5 mm, and the power is 100-150W/m 2 (ii) a The diameter of the heating cable is 3-6 mm, and the power is 8-20W/m.
Specifically, the protective layer is an aluminum alloy plate with the thickness of 0.5-1.0 mm, and the brand number is one or more of 3003, 5083 and 6061.
Specifically, the mounting section is an aluminum alloy extruded section with the wall thickness of 1.0-1.5 mm, and the number of the aluminum alloy extruded section is one or more of 6061, 6063 and 6005.
The invention provides a structural function integrated heat preservation beehive, which comprises a box body composite plate and an installation section bar; the box body composite board comprises a structural layer, a heating unit layer and a protective layer from outside to inside, and the structural layer, the heating unit layer and the protective layer are connected and compounded by adopting an adhesive. The structural layer is a foam interlayer composite structure, the foam core material comprises bead molding foam or a foam plate, and the material is one or more of polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene terephthalate foam. One side of the bead molding foam core material is provided with a wire groove for facilitating the installation of the heating cable. The heating unit comprises an electric heating film or a heating cable, adopts 12V direct current power supply, is connected with the controller, and realizes automatic temperature control of the beehive through linkage control with the temperature control probe. The integrated box body composite board can realize omnibearing auxiliary heating to the interior of the beehive. The aluminum alloy is used as a protection plate, so that heat radiation is uniform, and the heat transfer effect is good. The foam interlayer composite structure has good heat preservation effect of the box body, can effectively inhibit the heat of the heating unit from being transferred outwards, and has high energy utilization rate. The beehive is assembled by box composite sheet and installation section bar and forms, does not have the mould to drop into, can adjust the beehive volume in a flexible way.
The invention provides a preparation method of a composite structure beehive, which comprises the following steps:
1) Injecting polymer foaming beads into a mold, heating and forming by using steam to obtain a thermoplastic foam core material, and placing a heating cable in a wire groove of the thermoplastic foam core material to obtain a thermoplastic foam core layer compounded with a heating layer;
2) Coating an adhesive between the outer glass fiber reinforced plastic plate, the thermoplastic foam core layer compounded with the heating layer and the protective layer obtained in the step, placing the mixture in a mold, and performing pressurization curing molding to obtain a box body composite plate;
3) Assembling the box body composite board and the mounting section bar obtained in the step to obtain a composite structure beehive;
or the following steps:
a) Compounding the outer glass fiber reinforced plastic plate and the inner glass fiber reinforced plastic plate on two sides of the foam plate core material respectively through an adhesive, and then carrying out pressure curing molding to obtain a structural layer;
b) Respectively compounding the electrothermal film and the protective layer on two sides of the structure obtained in the step through an adhesive, and then performing pressurization curing molding to obtain a box body composite board;
c) And (3) splicing the box body composite board and the mounting section bar obtained in the above steps to obtain the composite structure beehive.
Firstly, injecting polymer foaming beads into a mould, heating and forming by steam to obtain a thermoplastic foam core material, and placing a heating cable in a wire groove of the thermoplastic foam core material to obtain a thermoplastic foam core layer compounded with a heating layer.
According to the invention, the outer glass fiber reinforced plastic plate, the thermoplastic foam core layer compounded with the heating layer and the protective layer obtained in the above steps are coated with an adhesive, then placed in a mold, and subjected to pressure curing molding to obtain the box body composite plate.
In the present invention, the amount of the binder is preferably 20 to 50g/m 2 More preferably 25 to 45g/m 2 More preferably 30 to 40g/m 2 。
In the present invention, the pressure for the press curing molding is preferably 30 to 90KPa, more preferably 40 to 80KPa, and still more preferably 50 to 70KPa.
In the invention, the temperature for the pressure curing molding is preferably normal temperature, and specifically may be 10 to 40 ℃, or 15 to 35 ℃, or 20 to 30 ℃.
In the present invention, the time for the press curing molding is preferably 4 to 8 hours, and more preferably 5 to 7 hours.
The invention is a complete and detailed integral technical scheme, better ensures the structure of the composite structure beehive, improves the characteristics of light weight, high strength, good heat preservation performance, high heating function and high energy utilization rate of the composite structure beehive, and the preparation method of the composite structure beehive can specifically comprise the following steps:
the specific process flow of the box body composite board taking the bead foam as the core material comprises the following steps: (1) preparation of a foam core material (1): injecting polypropylene foaming beads into a mold, and preparing a foam core material for later use by adopting a steam heating forming process. (2) Installing a heating unit: a heating cable (12) is placed into the foam core material according to the shape of the wire groove at one side of the foam core material with the wire groove (11). (3) Coating an adhesive (4) on one side surface of the outer glass fiber reinforced plastic plate (2) and the protective layer (3), then putting the foam core material (1) into the adhesive, putting the foam core material and the protective layer into a composite device together, closing the composite device, and curing and molding under certain pressure to obtain the composite plate for the beehive box body.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite board of a box body with bead foam as a core material according to the present invention. Wherein, 1 is a foam core layer, 2 is an outer glass fiber reinforced plastic plate, 3 is an aluminum plate protective layer, and 4 is an adhesive.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation of a heating cable in a foam trunking in a composite board of a box body with bead foam as a core material according to the present invention. Wherein, 1 is a foam core layer, 11 is a wire groove, and 12 is a heating cable.
The concrete process flow of the box body composite board taking the foam board as the core material is as follows: (1) preparation of a foam core material (1): firstly, cutting a foam plate into a required size according to the size requirement of a box body for later use; (2) preparing a structural layer: coating an adhesive (4) on one side surface of the outer glass fiber reinforced plastic plate (2) and one side surface of the inner glass fiber reinforced plastic plate (5), putting the foam core material (1) into the adhesive, putting the foam core material and the foam core material into a composite device together, closing the composite device, and curing and forming the foam core material under certain pressure for later use. (3) Coating an adhesive (4) on the surface of the glass steel plate on the inner side of the structural layer, then covering an electrothermal film (13), simultaneously placing a protective layer (3) coated with the adhesive (4) on the surface of one side of the structural layer on the electrothermal film (13), placing the electrothermal film and the electrothermal film together in a composite device, closing the composite device, and curing and forming under certain pressure to obtain the beehive box body composite plate.
And finally, assembling the mounting section bar and the box body composite board to obtain the structural and functional integrated heat preservation beehive.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite board of a box body with a foam board as a core material according to the present invention. Wherein, 1 is a foam core layer, 2 is an outer glass fiber reinforced plastic plate, 3 is an aluminum plate protective layer, 4 is an adhesive, 5 is an inner glass fiber reinforced plastic plate, and 13 is an electrothermal film.
The invention provides a structural-function integrated heat-preservation beehive and a preparation method thereof. The invention relates to a heat-preservation beehive which takes a foam interlayer composite material as a main body and integrates the functions of heating and structural support. The beehive prepared from the foam interlayer composite material can provide physical support required by the beehive and also has certain heat preservation performance; heating device from area can provide supplementary heating in the beehive is inside, helps the temperature in the guarantee beehive to be in the optimum temperature of honeybee, promotes and produces honey efficiency. The integrated beehive with the heating unit integrated in the foam interlayer composite material has the characteristics of light weight, high strength and good heat insulation performance, and the foam interlayer structure on the outer side can be used as a main body of the beehive, so that the structural support effect is provided, and the heat transfer of the heating unit on the inner side to the outside of the beehive is reduced; and meanwhile, the heating unit arranged on the inner side can realize automatic heating control on the beehive through a temperature control system, and the energy utilization rate of the beehive is high.
According to the composite structure beehive, the heating unit and the box body are integrally designed, so that the weight reduction and the high space utilization rate of the beehive are facilitated; the foam sandwich structure is used as the main body of the beehive, so that the heat of the heating unit at the inner side can be reduced to be transferred to the outside of the beehive outside the beehive, the energy utilization rate is high, and the honey production efficiency of bees can be improved in a low-temperature environment; the sectional material assembling process is adopted, so that the process is simple, the production efficiency is high, the maneuverability is good, and the design change resistance is strong; the automatic auxiliary heating of the heating unit can be realized through the linkage of the temperature measuring probe and the controller; is beneficial to lightening the work of bee farmers, reducing the production investment and improving the bee-keeping income. And the production process of the composite structure beehive is simple, and is suitable for large-scale production and popularization.
Experimental results show that the composite structure beehive provided by the invention has good heat insulation performance and the heat conductivity coefficient is not higher than 0.1W/(m.K); by adopting the beehive, at least 25kg of load can be borne by a single beehive; under the condition that the environmental temperature is not lower than 0 ℃, the constancy of the temperature of 25 ℃ in the beehive can be realized within 30 minutes.
For further explanation of the present invention, a composite structure beehive and a method for manufacturing the composite structure beehive are described in detail with reference to the following examples, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
(1) Preparing a foam core material: firstly, the density is 45kg/m 3 The polypropylene foaming beads are injected into a mould, and a foam core material with the thickness of 35mm is prepared by adopting a steam heating forming process (under the process conditions of 125 ℃ and a heating period of 240 s) for later use.
(2) Installing a heating unit: and a heating cable with the diameter of 5mm and the power of 18W/m is placed in a wire groove on one side of the foam core material.
(3) Then the thickness is 1.2mm, the density is 1800Kg/m 3 The outer glass fiber reinforced plastic plate of (1.0 mm in thickness) and a 5083 aluminum alloy protective plate coated with 30g/m of coating on one surface thereof 2 The adhesive of (1).
(4) Firstly, placing the outer glass in a composite device, and sequentially placing a foam core material (with one side of a wire groove facing upwards) and an aluminum alloy protective plate; and then closing the composite device, curing for 6 hours at normal temperature under the pressure of 70Kpa, and then demoulding to obtain the box composite board for later use.
(5) And aluminum alloy extruded sections with the wall thickness of 1.2mm are assembled between the box body composite plates to obtain the structural function integrated heat preservation beehive.
The performance of the heat-preservation beehive prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention is detected.
The density measurement of the heat-preservation beehive is carried out by adopting the test standard of GB/T6343; the thermal conductivity was determined using the test standard GB/T10295.
The detection result shows that the density of the composite board for the heat-preservation beehive body prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention is 7.95kg/m 2 (ii) a The thermal conductivity is 0.082W/(m.K); by adopting the beehive, a single beehive can bear 25kg of load; under the condition that the ambient temperature is not lower than 0 ℃, the temperature in the beehive is constant at 25 ℃ within 20 minutes.
Example 2
(1) Preparing a foam core material: the density is 45kg/m 3 The polypropylene foaming beads are injected into a mould, and a foam core material 1 with the thickness of 15mm is prepared by adopting a steam heating forming process (under the process conditions of 125 ℃ and a heating period of 150 s); the density is 30kg/m 3 The polypropylene foaming beads are injected into a mould, and a water vapor heating forming process (under the process conditions of 125 ℃ and a heating period of 200 s) is adopted to prepare a foam core material 2 with the thickness of 20 mm; the core material 1 and the core material 2 were formed into a foam core material having a thickness of 35mm by an adhesive for standby.
(2) Installing a heating unit: and a heating cable with the diameter of 5mm and the power of 18W/m is placed in a wire groove on one side of the foam core material.
(3) Then the density is 1800Kg/m at a thickness of 1.2mm 3 The outer glass fiber reinforced plastic plate of (1.0 mm in thickness) and a 5083 aluminum alloy protective plate coated with 30g/m of coating on one surface thereof 2 The adhesive of (1).
(4) Firstly, placing the outer glass fiber reinforced plastic plate in a composite device, and sequentially placing a foam core material (with one side of a wire groove facing upwards) and an aluminum alloy protective plate; and then closing the composite device, curing for 6 hours at normal temperature under the pressure of 70Kpa, and then demoulding to obtain the box composite board for later use.
(5) And aluminum alloy extruded sections with the wall thickness of 1.2mm are assembled between the box body composite boards to obtain the structural function integrated heat preservation beehive.
The performance of the heat-preservation beehive prepared in the embodiment 2 of the invention is detected.
The density measurement of the heat-preservation beehive is carried out by adopting the test standard of GB/T6343; the thermal conductivity was determined using the test standard GB/T10295.
The detection result shows that the density of the composite board for the heat-preservation beehive body prepared in the embodiment 2 of the invention is 7.6kg/m 2 (ii) a The thermal conductivity coefficient is 0.085W/(m.K); by adopting the beehive, a single beehive can bear 25kg of load; under the condition that the environmental temperature is not lower than 0 ℃, the temperature in the beehive is constant at 25 ℃ within 25 minutes.
Example 3
(1) Preparing a foam core material: the density is 60kg/m when the thickness is 20mm 3 The polyethylene glycol terephthalate foam is cut into a proper size for standby according to the size requirement of the box body;
(2) preparing a structural layer: the thickness is 1.2mm, and the density is 1800Kg/m 3 The outer side glass fiber reinforced plastic plate has a thickness of 0.8mm and a density of 2000Kg/m 3 One side surface of the inner side glass fiber reinforced plastic plate is coated with 30g/m 2 The adhesive of (1). And then putting the foam core material into the composite device, putting the foam core material and the composite device together, closing the composite device, curing for 6 hours at normal temperature under the pressure of 70Kpa, and demolding for later use.
(3) Coating 30g/m on the other surface of the glass fiber reinforced plastic on the inner side of the structural layer 2 Then laying thereon an adhesive having a thickness of 0.5mm and a power of 120W/m 2 While one side surface is coated with 30g/m of electrothermal film 2 And (3) placing an adhesive and a 5083 aluminum alloy protection plate with the thickness of 0.8mm on the electric heating film, placing the electric heating film and the 5083 aluminum alloy protection plate together in a composite device, closing the composite device, curing for 6 hours at normal temperature under the pressure of 70Kpa, and then demolding to obtain the box body composite plate for later use.
(4) And aluminum alloy extruded sections with the wall thickness of 1.2mm are assembled between the box body composite plates to obtain the structural function integrated heat preservation beehive.
The performance of the heat-preservation beehive prepared in the embodiment 3 of the invention is detected.
The density measurement of the heat-preservation beehive is carried out by adopting the test standard of GB/T6343; the thermal conductivity was determined using the test standard GB/T10295.
The detection result shows that the density of the composite board for the heat-preservation beehive body prepared in the embodiment 3 of the invention is 7.4kg/m 2 (ii) a The thermal conductivity is 0.095W/(m.K); by adopting the beehive, a single beehive can bear 50kg of weight; under the condition that the ambient temperature is not lower than 0 ℃, the temperature in the beehive is constant at 25 ℃ within 30 minutes.
While the structure and function integrated thermal beehive and the method for manufacturing the same according to the present invention have been described in detail, the principle and embodiments of the present invention are described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention, including the best mode, and also to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention, including making and using any devices or systems and performing any combination of the methods. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and may include other embodiments that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other embodiments are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal languages of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A beehive with a composite structure is characterized by comprising a composite board of a box body and a mounting section bar;
the box composite board comprises from outside to inside:
a structural layer;
the heating unit layer is compounded on the structural layer;
the protective layer is compounded on the heating unit layer;
the structural layer comprises a thermoplastic foam core layer and a glass fiber reinforced plastic plate;
the glass fiber reinforced plastic plate is arranged on two sides of the thermoplastic foam core layer or on the outer side of the thermoplastic foam core layer.
2. The composite structural beehive of claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic foam comprises one or more of polypropylene foam, polyvinyl chloride foam, and polyethylene terephthalate foam;
the thickness of the thermoplastic foam core layer is 20-40 mm;
the density of the thermoplastic foam is 40-60 kg/m 3 。
3. The composite structural beehive of claim 1, wherein the fiberglass comprises one or more of unsaturated polyester fiberglass, vinyl resin fiberglass, and epoxy resin fiberglass;
the thickness of the glass fiber reinforced plastic plate is 0.8-1.5 mm;
the density of the glass fiber reinforced plastic is 1800-2000 kg/m 3 。
4. The composite structural beehive of claim 1, further comprising an adhesive layer between the thermoplastic foam core layer and the fiberglass sheet;
the adhesive of the adhesive layer comprises a reactive adhesive;
the reactive adhesive comprises one or more of a polyurethane adhesive, a flexible epoxy adhesive and an acrylic adhesive.
5. The composite structural beehive of claim 1, wherein the heating element layers comprise heating films and/or heating cables;
the thickness of the heating film is 0.3-0.5 mm;
the power of the heating film is 100-150W/m 2 ；
The diameter of the heating cable is 3-6 mm;
the power of the heating cable is 8-20W/m.
6. The composite structural beehive of claim 4, wherein when the heating element layers comprise heating films, the fiberglass sheet material in the structural layers is disposed on both sides of the thermoplastic foam core layer;
when the heating unit layer comprises a heating cable, the glass fiber reinforced plastic plate in the structural layer is arranged on the outer side of the thermoplastic foam core layer;
the heating cable is embedded and arranged on the surface of the thermoplastic foam core layer;
the surface of the thermoplastic foam core layer is also provided with a wire groove;
the heating unit further comprises a controller and/or a temperature controlled probe.
7. The composite structure beehive of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the protective layer is 0.5 to 1.0mm;
the protective layer comprises an aluminum alloy plate;
the aluminum alloy is available in one or more of 3003, 5083 and 6061;
the wall thickness of the mounting section bar is 1.0-1.5 mm;
the mounting profile comprises an aluminum alloy extruded profile;
the aluminum alloy extruded profile has a designation including one or more of 6061, 6063 and 6005.
8. The composite structure beehive of claim 1, wherein the composite structure beehive is formed by assembling a box composite plate and a mounting profile;
the composite structure beehive is a structural function integrated heat preservation beehive;
the thermoplastic foam core layer comprises a thermoplastic foam sheet or a thermoplastic bead foam.
9. A preparation method of a composite structure beehive is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Injecting polymer foaming beads into a mold, heating and forming by using steam to obtain a thermoplastic foam core material, and placing a heating cable in a wire groove of the thermoplastic foam core material to obtain a thermoplastic foam core layer compounded with a heating layer;
2) Coating an adhesive between the outer glass fiber reinforced plastic plate, the thermoplastic foam core layer compounded with the heating layer and the protective layer obtained in the step, placing the mixture in a mold, and performing pressurization curing molding to obtain a box body composite plate;
3) Assembling the box body composite board and the mounting section bar obtained in the step to obtain a composite structure beehive;
or the following steps:
a) Respectively compounding the outer glass fiber reinforced plastic plate and the inner glass fiber reinforced plastic plate on two sides of the foam plate core material through an adhesive, and then carrying out pressure curing molding to obtain a structural layer;
b) Respectively compounding the electrothermal film and the protective layer on two sides of the structure obtained in the step through an adhesive, and then performing pressurization curing molding to obtain a box body composite board;
c) And (3) splicing the box body composite board and the mounting section bar obtained in the above steps to obtain the composite structure beehive.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the binder is used in an amount of 20 to 50g/m 2 ；
The pressure for the pressurization curing molding is 30-90 KPa;
the time for pressing, curing and molding is 4-8 h.
CN202210830892.2A 2022-07-15 2022-07-15 Structural-function integrated heat-preservation beehive and preparation method thereof Pending CN115302913A (en)

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