CN115302760A

CN115302760A - Method and equipment for constructing metal pattern on surface of plastic part and working method of equipment

Info

Publication number: CN115302760A
Application number: CN202210951027.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 宋珂炜; 张泽; 杨国瑞
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Song Kewei
Priority date: 2022-08-09
Filing date: 2022-08-09
Publication date: 2022-11-08

Abstract

The invention provides a method and equipment for constructing a metal pattern on the surface of a plastic part and a working method of the equipment. The method comprises the steps of activating an active precursor by laser layering and realizing non-noble metal-based induction of 3D selective chemical plating reaction so as to construct a required metal pattern on the surface of a non-metal 3D part with any complex shape. In order to realize the method, a corresponding construction method is provided, which comprises the steps of preparing an active precursor by using a photocuring resin modification technology, and manufacturing any complex active precursor part by using a high-resolution digital light processing 3D printing technology. The method is simple, the manufacturing is efficient, and the method has good application prospect in the fields of 3D circuits, microsensors, robots and communication.

Description

Method and equipment for constructing metal pattern on surface of plastic part and working method of equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent manufacturing and 3D printing, in particular to a method, a process and an equipment system for constructing a metal topology on the surface or in any complex 3D plastic part by utilizing a DLP3D printing technology and a laser-activated electroless plating process, and is suitable for constructing a metal pattern in a specific shape on the surface or in any complex-shaped plastic part.

Background

The specific metal topology of the component on the surface of any complex plastic part is a key technology of functional devices such as component integrated circuits, micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS), antennas, sensors, actuators, metamaterials and the like. Micromachining based on conventional lithography, deposition, etching and release is well suited to create planar, two-dimensional (2D) patterning devices built from planar-like substrates. However, these 2D design processes are not suitable for creating isotropic, structural or integrable 3D devices. Complex non-planar 3D substrates are not compatible with post-processing of traditional photolithography and extrusion/spray coating methods because the external substrate features (e.g., beams and walls) of the 3D structure can obscure/block the interior region.

Using photolithography followed by tensioning of the substrate to deform the planar pattern into a 3D structure has been used to fabricate functional 3D devices, but this method is limited in resolution, complexity and manufacturing periodicity. However, in the future, the manufacturing of microelectronic devices will be developed in the direction of small size, light weight, high reliability, fast response speed, and the like, and the rapid rise of 3D printing technology capable of forming in any shape can provide researchers with more ideas.

In principle, 3D printing can produce arbitrarily complex three-dimensional structures, but it is mainly limited to non-functional structural materials due to the trade-off between ease of handling and complex functionality. Each individual functional ink must be optimized for the selected 3D printing technology, which requires a significant amount of new material development time, and current 3D printing devices typically require multi-process sequential write techniques, incorporating multiple printing, filling, and line embedding stages to form the functional device. The requirement of print pauses during layer-by-layer techniques, switching between techniques, and subsequent layer alignment results in excessive build time and requires extensive print path optimization, limiting access to complex 3D electrode interfaces and geometries.

With the combination of 3D printing technology and selective area metallization technology, the development and progress of artificial intelligence, robots, electronic communication, 3D circuits and even quantum science fields are certainly promoted. Although some researchers or engineers have implemented 3D electronic device manufacturing using 3D printing technology and metal deposition process, most processes require precious metals and fail to deliver the highest resolution capability of 3D printing.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a method and equipment for constructing a metal pattern on the surface of a plastic part and a working method of the equipment. The method aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the manufacturing resolution is low, the process cost is high, the process flexibility is poor, metal topology cannot be constructed on the surface of a very complex part, and the like, enrich the 3D electronic manufacturing process, widen the application prospect of the special-shaped 3D circuit, and provide a related 3D printing process and a related metallization deposition process.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a method of building up a metal pattern on a surface of a plastic part, comprising:

step 1, preparing an active precursor by using a photocuring resin modification technology;

step 2, manufacturing any complex active precursor part by using a high-resolution digital optical processing 3D printing technology;

step 3, selectively activating the active precursor part by utilizing a laser etching process and generating active metal particles capable of inducing subsequent chemical deposition;

step 4, realizing selective metal deposition of the activated active precursor part by utilizing an electroless plating process;

the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps: 1) Firstly, 4 components of Ni ₂ SO ₄ With 1 component NaH ₂ PO ₂ Dissolving in 10 components of deionized water, and stirring in a magnetic stirrer at 1200RPM for 20 minutes to obtain 10 components of active solution;

2) And pouring 10-component active solution into 40-component photocuring functional material, and dispersing in ultrasonic dispersing equipment for 2 hours to obtain 50-component active precursor.

The light-cured functional material comprises all resin materials applied to light-cured 3D printing, and comprises rigid light-cured resin, flexible light-cured resin, piezoelectric light-cured resin, magnetic light-cured resin, shape memory light-cured resin and conductive light-cured resin.

And 2, specifically, generating an ultraviolet light irradiation pattern in a specific shape by using left and right masks of a new generation of 4K resolution black-and-white screen, and comprising the steps of model establishment, metal pattern marking, model slicing and the like.

And the model building comprises the step of building the shape of the substrate model of the complex part in three-dimensional modeling software.

And (3) marking a metal pattern, and constructing the required metal pattern on the surface or in the established three-dimensional model substrate shape of the part.

And model slicing, namely performing interpolation segmentation along the Z-axis direction of the part model coordinate system by using the calculus principle to obtain a slice file required by manufacturing.

And the slice file comprises a slice pattern of the substrate topology after slicing and pattern information of the metal topology.

Step 3 is specifically that the active precursor becomes a solid after 3D printing and exists in the form of a solid solution. The laser-irradiated region generates a transient high temperature, ni in the region ²⁺ And H ₂ PO ₂ ^- The oxidation-reduction reaction is carried out to generate Ni simple substances which have better activity and the capability of inducing the subsequent chemical plating reaction.

The etching depth can be controlled according to the real-time power of the laser, so that the embedding depth of the metal pattern can be controlled.

And step 4, specifically, utilizing active Ni ions on the surface or inside of the part to induce a subsequent chemical plating reaction so as to obtain a metal pattern with required thickness and type.

The invention also provides equipment for constructing the metal pattern on the surface of the plastic part, which comprises a 3D printing material box, a 3D printing platform, a DLP component and a Z-axis motion system; printing platform realizes the required successive layer of DLP3D printing and adds up under Z axle motor and transmission system's drive.

DLP3D prints station one side and is first ultrasonic cleaning station, first ultrasonic cleaning station one side is the laser etching station, laser etching station one side is second ultrasonic cleaning station, second ultrasonic cleaning station one side is the electroless plating station, DLP3D prints the station, first ultrasonic cleaning station, laser etching station, second ultrasonic cleaning station, the rear side of electroless plating station is mechanical shell subassembly, DLP3D prints the station, first ultrasonic cleaning station, the laser etching station, second ultrasonic cleaning station, the electroless plating station, mechanical shell subassembly is all installed in the ya keli lens hood.

The DLP3D printing station is installed Z axle motor, Z axle shaft coupling, 3D print platform, Z axle slider, Z axle optical axis, 3D print cartridge, DLP system. The Z-axis motor is installed at the bottom of a Z-axis optical axis, and a rotating shaft of the Z-axis motor is connected with the DLP system through a Z-axis coupler. DLP system top is 3D and prints the magazine, and 3D print platform is connected to 3D print magazine top, and 3D print platform's top is connected with Z axle slider, installs Z axle optical axis in the Z axle slider.

The first ultrasonic cleaning station is provided with a first cleaning and drying device and first cleaning material boxes on two sides of the first cleaning and drying device.

The laser etching station comprises a laser etching system X-axis motor, a laser etching system Y' -axis motor, a laser etching system X-axis synchronous belt and a laser etching system Y-axis synchronous belt. A laser etching system X-axis synchronous belt is installed on a laser etching system X-axis motor, a laser etching system Y-axis synchronous belt is installed on a laser etching system Y' -axis motor, and a laser is installed on a polished rod driven by the laser etching system X-axis synchronous belt and the laser etching system Y-axis synchronous belt.

And a second cleaning and drying device and a second cleaning material box on the right side of the second ultrasonic cleaning station are arranged on the second ultrasonic cleaning station.

The electroless plating station is provided with an electroless plating temperature control device and an electroless plating material box above the electroless plating temperature control device.

The mechanical housing component consists of a Y-axis motor, a Y-axis coupler, a Y-axis polished rod and a Y-axis linear guide rail, wherein the Y-axis motor is connected with the Y-axis polished rod through the Y-axis coupler, and the Y-axis linear guide rail is installed on the Y-axis polished rod.

Furthermore, in the first ultrasonic cleaning station and the second ultrasonic cleaning station, the required cleaning solution is alcohol during cleaning; ultrasonic vibration is carried out on the alcohol; after the cleaning is finished, the hot air fan generates warm air of 40 ℃ to dry the cleaned parts.

The laser etching station is provided with a laser with power of 3000mW and a light spot diameter of 0.2um and a two-dimensional motion system, the laser can etch any two-dimensional pattern on the surface of a part under the drive of the two-dimensional motion system, and therefore selective laser activation of any part of an active precursor is achieved.

When the electroless plating station works, the inner part of the metal material box body is filled with electroplating solution, and the temperature of the electroplating solution is kept constant at a specific temperature value through heating and temperature control of the electromagnetic temperature control system.

A working method of a device for constructing a metal pattern on the surface of a plastic part comprises

1) Preparation of reactive precursor

Firstly 4g of Ni ₂ SO ₄ With 1g NaH ₂ PO ₄ Dissolved in 10ml of deionized water and stirred in a magnetic stirrer at a stirring speed of 1200rmp for 20 minutes, 10ml of active solution being obtained. 10ml of the active solution was poured into 40ml of a photocurable resinDispersing in an ultrasonic dispersing device for 2 hours to obtain 50ml of active precursor.

And putting the precursor material into a precursor material box, and installing the precursor material on a 3D printing station.

2) Manufacture of parts

Firstly, importing a designed part CAD file into slicing software to obtain system data which can be identified by an equipment system;

under the control of a processing command, the printing platform is firstly moved to a DLP3D printing station to realize the additive manufacturing of a part structure, and after the manufacturing is finished, the active precursor part is adhered to the 3D printing platform; when printing, the process parameter is that the thickness of a single layer is 0.1mm; the single layer exposure time was 4s;

after the ultrasonic cleaning is finished, the printing platform is moved to a first ultrasonic cleaning station, so that the active precursor adhered to the 3D printing platform is moved to the cleaning station along with the printing platform and is subjected to ultrasonic cleaning;

after cleaning, the printing platform moves to a laser etching station, laser etching is carried out by laser according to the required metal pattern, and the part etched by the laser on the active precursor can generate Ni active particles so as to form the required laser activation pattern;

after the ultrasonic cleaning, the printing platform is moved to a second ultrasonic cleaning station for cleaning;

after cleaning, the printing platform moves to an electroless plating station, and the areas on the part which are selectively activated by the laser are selectively deposited with nickel, so that the required metal pattern is formed;

after the selective metal deposition is finished, the printing platform moves to a second ultrasonic cleaning station for cleaning;

after the cleaning is completed, the printing platform moves to the DLP3D printing station, and the residual structure of the part is continuously printed.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) By means of ingenious matching of the high-precision 3D printing technology and the chemical plating technology, manufacturing of any complex functional part and required metal patterns can be achieved, and the manufacturing capability is high.

2) Active Ni particles can be obtained by laser etching the novel active precursor, noble metals such as Pd required by the induced chemical plating reaction in the traditional manufacturing process are avoided, and the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced.

3) Through the idea of 3D printing layering manufacturing, not only can the metal pattern be constructed on the surface of any complex part, but also the 3D metal wire required by the internal construction of the part or even the fully-closed part can be constructed, so that the application prospect is greatly widened.

4) The obtained active Ni particles are embedded in the surface of a part, and the depth of the active Ni particles can be controlled by the real-time power and the etching speed of laser, so that the active Ni particles have higher metal plastic adhesion and establish good processing conditions for further processes such as subsequent electroplating.

Drawings

FIG. 1 (a), FIG. 1 (b), FIG. 1 (c) and FIG. 1 (d) are schematic diagrams of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 (a), FIG. 2 (b), FIG. 2 (c), FIG. 2 (d) are schematic process steps of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) are schematic structural diagrams of an embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a control system architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b) are schematic diagrams of an embodiment of the present invention for manufacturing a square tube in-situ strain sensor by using the proposed technique;

FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b) are schematic diagrams of an embodiment of the present invention for fabricating an elastic piezoelectric transducer by using the proposed technique;

FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b) are schematic views of an embodiment of the present invention for manufacturing a dielectric elastic film actuator using the proposed technique;

FIG. 8 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-DLP 3D printing station, 2-first ultrasonic cleaning station, 3-laser etching station, 4-second ultrasonic cleaning station, 5-electroless plating station, 6-acrylic hood and 7-mechanical shell component;

the printing machine comprises a 1-1-Z shaft motor, a 1-2-Z shaft coupler, a 1-3-3D printing platform, a 1-4-Z shaft sliding block, a 1-5-Z shaft optical axis, a 1-6-3D printing material box and a 1-7-DLP system;

2-1-a first cleaning and drying device and 2-2 a first cleaning material box;

3-1-an X-axis motor of a laser etching system, 3-2-a laser, 3-3-a Y' -axis motor of the laser etching system, 3-4-an X-axis synchronous belt of the laser etching system and 3-5-a Y-axis synchronous belt of the laser etching system;

4-1-a second cleaning and drying device and 4-2-a second cleaning material box;

5-1-electroless plating temperature control device, 5-2-electroless plating material box;

7-1-Y axis motor, 7-2-Y axis coupler, 7-3-Y axis polished rod and 7-4-Y axis linear guide rail.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention are described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

The research of the invention finds that the construction of the 3D metal pattern on any complex non-metal part is composed of the following three aspects:

1) The active precursor manufacturing process can effectively manufacture materials containing catalytic factors into any complex three-dimensional part.

2) The high-precision and low-cost etching process can be used for constructing and activating the required pattern outside or even inside the active precursor part.

3) The chemical plating process of rapid high-stability 3D selective metal deposition can be realized.

The invention relates to a method, a process and equipment for constructing a metal pattern on the surface of a plastic part. The manufacturing process aims to solve the problems that the existing PCB manufacturing process, MEMS manufacturing process and LDS (laser direct structuring) process-based manufacturing process for manufacturing parts with complex shapes and 3D metal patterns are low in manufacturing capability, long in production period, high in processing cost, incapable of manufacturing various complex topological structures and the like, the manufacturing process of the parts is improved, and the application of the parts in the fields of MEMS,3D electronics, sensors, health monitoring, electronic communication, robots and the like is widened.

As shown in fig. 1 (a) -8, the invention provides a method for constructing a metal pattern on the surface of a plastic part, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises four sub-process principles of manufacturing a high-resolution plastic functional part with a complex shape by using a digital hook processing 3D printing technology, selectively activating an active precursor by using a laser etching process, realizing any metal topology on the surface or inside of the plastic part by using an electroless plating process, and realizing any metal topology on the surface or inside of any complex 3D plastic part.

As shown in fig. 2 (a) -2 (D), four sub-processes include preparing an active precursor by using a photo-curing resin modification technology, manufacturing any complex active precursor part by using a high-resolution digital photo-processing 3D printing technology, selectively activating the active precursor part by using a laser etching process and generating active technology particles that can induce subsequent chemical deposition, and realizing selective metal deposition of the activated active precursor part by using an electroless plating process.

Through the combination of the different sub-processes described above, metal-plastic composite structures having different structural characteristics can be manufactured.

And inducing each layer of slice patterns of the part to be printed by ultraviolet light with the wavelength of 405nm layer by layer, and stacking the slice patterns to realize high-precision manufacturing of the complex 3D part.

Ultraviolet light with wavelength of 405nm is composed of collimated light rays with specific shapes, the power of the collimated light rays is 720W, and the power density of the collimated light rays is 85MW/cm ² 。

The collimation ultraviolet ray with a specific shape is formed by parallel ultraviolet rays excited by an ultraviolet ray bead array through pattern filtering through a special mask.

Each layer of slice pattern of the part to be printed is a two-dimensional pattern obtained by continuous interpolation and segmentation along the Z-axis direction of a 3D model coordinate system of the part, the minimum thickness of the slice layer is 1um, and continuous value setting can be carried out.

And realizing high-precision manufacturing of the complex 3D parts after stacking, wherein the high-precision manufacturing is completed through a plurality of accumulation printing sub-processes along the Z-axis direction of the parts.

The active precursor is selectively activated by utilizing the laser etching process, the laser-irradiated area in the part is instantly melted at high temperature, and N in the part is catalyzed at the same time at high temperature _i ²⁺ And H ₂ PO ₂ ^- An oxidation-reduction reaction occurs to produce Ni particles having an extremely high catalytic activity.

Ni particles with extremely high catalytic activity are Ni adhered to a laser etched area, and can initiate subsequent selective chemical plating metal deposition.

The subsequent selective chemical plating metal deposition contains various metals and substances such as nickel, copper, gold, carbon nanotubes, graphene and the like.

Induced by active Ni particles in the area of the part after laser activation. The areas not activated by the laser are not induced to produce metal deposits. After the selective metal deposition, a metal pattern or a metal topological structure with a specific shape is formed on the surface of the part or the inner part of the part.

The method is completed by combining and matching a 3D printing process subprocess, a laser activator subprocess and a selective metal deposition subprocess according to the characteristics of parts.

As shown in fig. 3 (a) -3 (b), in order to realize the manufacturing process of the part, the invention provides a device for constructing a metal pattern on the surface of a plastic part, which comprises a 3D printing material box 1-6, a 3D printing platform 1-3, a DLP component and a Z-axis motion system; printing platform realizes the required successive layer of DLP3D printing and adds up under Z axle motor and transmission system's drive.

DLP3D from the main view perspective, print 1 one side of station and be first ultrasonic cleaning station 2, first ultrasonic cleaning station 2 one side is laser etching station 3, laser etching station 3 one side is second ultrasonic cleaning station 4, second ultrasonic cleaning station 4 one side is the electroless plating station, DLP3D prints station 1, first ultrasonic cleaning station 2, laser etching station 3, second ultrasonic cleaning station 4, the rear side of electroless plating station 5 is mechanical shell subassembly 7, DLP3D prints station 1, first ultrasonic cleaning station 2, laser etching station 3, second ultrasonic cleaning station 4, electroless plating station 5, mechanical shell subassembly 7 all installs in ya keli lens hood 6.

The DLP3D printing station 1 is provided with a Z-axis motor 1-1, a Z-axis coupler 1-2, a 3D printing platform 1-3, a Z-axis slider 1-4, a Z-axis optical axis 1-5, a 3D printing material box 1-6 and a DLP system 1-7. The Z-axis motor 1-1 is installed at the bottom of the Z-axis optical axis 1-5, and a rotating shaft of the Z-axis motor 1-1 is connected with the DLP system 1-7 through the Z-axis coupler 1-2. 3D printing material boxes 1-6 are arranged above the DLP systems 1-7, 3D printing platforms 1-3 are connected above the 3D printing material boxes 1-6, the upper parts of the 3D printing platforms 1-3 are connected with Z-axis sliding blocks 1-4, and Z-axis optical axes 1-5 are installed in the Z-axis sliding blocks 1-4.

The first ultrasonic cleaning station 2 is provided with a first cleaning and drying device 2-1 and first cleaning material boxes 2-2 at two sides of the first cleaning and drying device.

The laser etching station 3 comprises a laser etching system X-axis motor 3-1, a laser 3-2, a laser etching system Y' -axis motor 3-3, a laser etching system X-axis synchronous belt 3-4 and a laser etching system Y-axis synchronous belt 3-5. A laser etching system X-axis synchronous belt 3-4 is installed on a laser etching system X-axis motor 3-1, a laser etching system Y-axis synchronous belt 3-5 is installed on a laser etching system Y-axis motor 3-3, and a laser is installed on a polished rod driven by the laser etching system X-axis synchronous belt 3-4 and the laser etching system Y-axis synchronous belt 3-5 of the laser etching system.

The second ultrasonic cleaning station 4 is provided with a second cleaning and drying device 4-1 and a second cleaning material box 4-2 on the right side.

The electroless plating station 5 is provided with an electroless plating temperature control device 5-1 and an electroless plating material box 5-2 above the electroless plating temperature control device.

The mechanical shell component 7 consists of a Y-axis motor 7-1, a Y-axis coupler 7-2, a Y-axis polished rod 7-3 and a Y-axis linear guide rail 7-4, wherein the Y-axis motor 7-1 is connected with the Y-axis polished rod 7-3 through the Y-axis coupler 7-2, and the Y-axis linear guide rail 7-4 is installed on the Y-axis polished rod 7-3 through a sliding block. A working method of a device for constructing a metal pattern on the surface of a plastic part comprises

1) Preparation of reactive precursor

First 4g of Ni ₂ SO ₄ With 1g NaH ₂ PO ₄ Dissolved in 10ml of deionized water and stirred in a magnetic stirrer at a stirring speed of 1200rmp for 20 minutes to give 10ml of active solution. And pouring 10ml of active solution into 40ml of light-cured resin, and dispersing in an ultrasonic dispersing device for 2 hours to obtain 50ml of active precursor.

2) Manufacture of parts

under the control of a processing command, the printing platform is firstly moved to a DLP3D printing station 1 to realize the additive manufacturing of a part structure, and after the manufacturing is finished, an active precursor part (solid) is adhered to the 3D printing platform; when printing, the process parameter is that the thickness of a single layer is 0.1mm; the single layer exposure time was 4s;

after the ultrasonic cleaning, the printing platform is moved to a first ultrasonic cleaning station, so that the active precursor adhered to the 3D printing platform is moved to the cleaning station along with the printing platform and is subjected to ultrasonic cleaning 2;

after cleaning, the printing platform (active precursor) is moved to the laser etching station 3, and laser etching is performed by laser according to the required metal pattern. The laser etched portions of the active precursor (solid) will produce Ni active particles (which will act to catalyze the electroless plating reaction) to form the desired laser activated pattern.

After the completion, the printing platform (active precursor) is moved to a second ultrasonic cleaning station 4 for cleaning;

after cleaning, the printing platform (active precursor) moves to the electroless plating station 5, and the areas on the part that have been selectively activated by the laser will be selectively deposited with nickel (active Ni catalyzes the large-scale deposition of Ni particles in the electroless plating solution) to form the desired metal pattern;

after the selective metal deposition is finished, the printing platform (active precursor) is moved to a second ultrasonic cleaning station 4 for cleaning;

after cleaning, the printing platform (active precursor) is moved to the DLP3D printing station 1, and the rest structures of the parts are printed continuously, and the sub-process combination and the combination cycle thereof are completed (depending on the structural characteristics of the parts).

As shown in fig. 4, the overall topology of the control system architecture of the plant system can be divided into three levels. Firstly, a CAD file of a part manufacture is processed by software and then sends out a command, and the command is transmitted to a motion control card of a lower computer through traditional communication. And after being processed by the motion control card, the motion control card transmits the electric signal command to the driving part of each actuator. Under the drive of the driving part, the actuator completes the specific action of processing the required parts.

Example 1: manufacturing method of square pipe part in-place strain sensor

As shown in fig. 5 (a) -5 (b), for one embodiment of fabricating an in-situ strain sensor by constructing a metal pattern inside a square tubular member using the proposed method, the preparation steps are as follows:

firstly, the required active precursor resin is prepared (the active precursor is prepared by the light-cured resin modification technology)

1) Preparation of reactive precursor

Firstly 4g of Ni ₂ SO ₄ With 1g NaH ₂ PO ₄ Dissolved in 10ml of deionized water and stirred in a magnetic stirrer at a stirring speed of 1200rmp for 20 minutes to give 10ml of active solution. And pouring 10ml of active solution into 40ml of light-cured resin, and dispersing in an ultrasonic dispersing device for 2 hours to obtain 50ml of active precursor.

2) Manufacture of parts

after the ultrasonic cleaning, the printing platform is moved to a first ultrasonic cleaning station, so that the active precursor adhered to the 3D printing platform is moved to a cleaning station 2 along with the printing platform and is subjected to ultrasonic cleaning;

after cleaning, the printing platform (active precursor) is moved to the laser etching station 3, and laser is used to selectively activate laser etching according to the required metal pattern. The laser etched portions of the active precursor will produce Ni active particles (which will act to catalyze the electroless plating reaction) to form the desired laser activated pattern.

After the cleaning, the printing platform (active precursor) is moved to a second ultrasonic cleaning station 4 for cleaning;

after the cleaning is finished, the printing platform moves to the DLP3D printing station 1, and the remaining structure of the square pipe part is continuously printed until the cleaning is finished.

When the square pipe part is deformed, the total length of the metal conducting wire on the square pipe part is changed, and therefore the deformation measurement can be achieved.

Example 2: manufacture of elastic piezoelectric sensor

As shown in fig. 6 (a) -6 (b), an embodiment of the waved elastic piezoelectric transducer manufactured by the proposed method is prepared by the following steps:

1) Preparation of elastic piezoelectric active precursor

Firstly 4g of Ni ₂ SO ₄ With 1g NaH ₂ PO ₄ Dissolved in 10ml of deionized water and stirred in a magnetic stirrer at a stirring speed of 1200rmp for 20 minutes to give 10ml of active solution. 10ml of the active solution was poured into 40ml of an elastic piezoelectric photocurable resinDispersing in an ultrasonic dispersing device for 2 hours to obtain 50ml of elastic piezoelectric active precursor.

And placing the elastic piezoelectric active precursor material into a precursor material box, and installing the precursor material on a 3D printing station.

2) Manufacture of parts

under the control of a processing command, the printing platform is firstly moved to a DLP3D printing station 1 to realize the additive manufacturing of a part structure, and after the manufacturing is finished, an elastic piezoelectric active precursor part (solid) is adhered to the 3D printing platform; when printing, the process parameter is that the thickness of a single layer is 0.1mm; the single layer exposure time was 4s;

after the ultrasonic cleaning, the printing platform is moved to the first ultrasonic cleaning station, so that the active precursor adhered to the 3D printing platform is moved to the cleaning station 2 along with the printing platform and is subjected to ultrasonic cleaning;

after cleaning, the printing platform (elastic piezoelectric active precursor) is moved to a laser etching station 3, and laser is used for selective activation laser etching according to the required metal pattern. The laser etched portions of the active precursor will produce Ni active particles (which will act to catalyze the electroless plating reaction) to form the desired laser activated pattern.

After the cleaning, the printing platform (the elastic piezoelectric active precursor) is moved to a second ultrasonic cleaning station 4 for cleaning;

after cleaning, the printing platform (elastic piezoelectric active precursor) is moved to an electroless plating station 5, and the areas on the part which are selectively activated by laser are selectively deposited with nickel (active Ni catalyzes the large-scale sedimentation of Ni particles in the electroless plating solution) to form the required metal pattern;

after the selective metal deposition is finished, the printing platform moves to a second ultrasonic cleaning station 4 for cleaning;

after the cleaning is finished, the printing platform moves to the DLP3D printing station 1, and the residual structure of the elastic piezoelectric sensor part is continuously printed until the cleaning is finished.

When the elastic piezoelectric sensor is pressed downwards, the part can deform, so that after the piezoelectric effect is generated, the piezoelectric voltage can be measured by the electrode.

Example 3: manufacture of dielectric elastic film actuators

As shown in FIGS. 7 (a) -7 (b), one embodiment of the method for fabricating a dielectrically elastic membrane actuator is described as follows:

1) Preparation of dielectric active precursor

First 4g of Ni ₂ SO ₄ With 1g NaH ₂ PO ₄ Dissolved in 10ml of deionized water and stirred in a magnetic stirrer at a stirring speed of 1200rmp for 20 minutes to give 10ml of active solution. And pouring 10ml of active solution into 40ml of dielectric elastic photocuring resin, and dispersing in an ultrasonic dispersing device for 2 hours to obtain 50ml of dielectric elastic active precursor.

2) Manufacture of parts

under the control of a processing command, the printing platform is firstly moved to a DLP3D printing station 1 to realize the additive manufacturing of a part structure, and after the manufacturing is finished, a dielectric active precursor part (solid) is adhered to the 3D printing platform; when printing, the process parameter is that the thickness of a single layer is 0.1mm; the single layer exposure time was 4s;

after cleaning, the printing platform (dielectric active precursor) is moved to the laser etching station 3, and laser is used to selectively activate laser etching according to the required metal pattern. The laser etched portions of the active precursor will produce Ni active particles (which will act to catalyze the electroless plating reaction) to form the desired laser activated pattern.

After the completion, the printing platform (dielectric active precursor) is moved to the second ultrasonic cleaning station 4 for cleaning;

after cleaning, the printing platform (dielectric active precursor) is moved to the electroless plating station 5, and the areas on the part which are selectively activated by laser will be selectively deposited with nickel (active Ni catalyzes the large-scale deposition of Ni particles in the electroless plating solution) to form the desired metal pattern;

after the selective metal deposition is completed, the printing platform (dielectric active precursor) is moved to the second ultrasonic cleaning station 4, and the manufacturing of the part is completed after cleaning.

When high-voltage alternating current is supplied to two ends of an electrode of the dielectric elastic film actuator, the film actuator can generate high-frequency vibration under the action of Maxwell force so as to execute the designed task.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of creating a metal pattern on a surface of a plastic part, comprising:

step 3, selectively activating the active precursor part by utilizing a laser etching process and generating active metal particles for inducing subsequent chemical deposition;

and 4, realizing selective metal deposition of the activated active precursor part by utilizing an electroless plating process.

2. The method for forming a metal pattern on a surface of a plastic part according to claim 1,the method is characterized in that the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps: 1) Firstly, 4 components of Ni ₂ SO ₄ With 1 component NaH ₂ PO ₂ Dissolving the mixture into 10 components of deionized water, and stirring the mixture in a magnetic stirrer for 20 minutes at the stirring speed of 1200RPM to obtain 10 components of active solution;

2) Pouring 10-component active solution into 40-component photocuring functional material, and dispersing in ultrasonic dispersion equipment for 2 hours to obtain 50-component active precursor;

the light-cured functional material comprises rigid light-cured resin, flexible light-cured resin, piezoelectric light-cured resin, magnetic light-cured resin, shape memory light-cured resin and conductive light-cured resin.

3. The method for constructing a metal pattern on a surface of a plastic part according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 is specifically: the method for generating the ultraviolet irradiation pattern in the specific shape by utilizing the left and right masks of the new generation of 4K resolution black-and-white screen comprises the steps of model establishment, metal pattern marking and model slicing:

establishing a model, including establishing the shape of a complex part substrate model in three-dimensional modeling software;

the method comprises the following steps of marking a metal pattern, and constructing a required metal pattern on the surface or in the interior of the shape of the base of the established three-dimensional model of the part;

model slicing, namely performing interpolation segmentation along the Z-axis direction of a part model coordinate system by utilizing a calculus principle to obtain a slice file required by manufacturing;

4. The method for building up a metal pattern on a surface of a plastic part according to claim 1, wherein step 3 is specifically: the active precursor is in a solid state after 3D printing, exists in a solid solution mode, and the laser irradiated area generates instantaneous high temperature, wherein Ni in the area ²⁺ And H ₂ PO ₂ ^- Undergoes redox reaction to produceThe simple substance Ni has better activity and has the capability of inducing subsequent chemical plating reaction;

the etching depth is controlled according to the real-time power of the laser, so that the embedding depth of the metal pattern is controlled.

5. The method for constructing a metal pattern on a surface of a plastic part according to claim 1, wherein the step 4 is specifically: and (3) utilizing active Ni ions on the surface or in the part to induce subsequent electroless plating reaction so as to obtain a metal pattern with required thickness and type.

6. An apparatus for constructing metal patterns on the surface of a plastic part is characterized by comprising a 3D printing box, a 3D printing platform, a DLP assembly and a Z-axis motion system;

one side of the DLP3D printing station is a first ultrasonic cleaning station, one side of the first ultrasonic cleaning station is a laser etching station, one side of the laser etching station is a second ultrasonic cleaning station, one side of the second ultrasonic cleaning station is an electroless plating station, the rear sides of the DLP3D printing station, the first ultrasonic cleaning station, the laser etching station, the second ultrasonic cleaning station and the electroless plating station are mechanical shell components, and the DLP3D printing station, the first ultrasonic cleaning station, the laser etching station, the second ultrasonic cleaning station, the electroless plating station and the mechanical shell components are all arranged in an acrylic hood;

a Z-axis motor, a Z-axis coupler, a 3D printing platform, a Z-axis slider, a Z-axis optical axis, a 3D printing material box and a DLP system are installed at the DLP3D printing station, the Z-axis motor is installed at the bottom of the Z-axis optical axis, a rotating shaft of the Z-axis motor is connected with the DLP system through the Z-axis coupler, the 3D printing material box is arranged above the DLP system, the 3D printing platform is connected above the 3D printing material box, the Z-axis slider is connected above the 3D printing platform, and the Z-axis optical axis is installed in the Z-axis slider;

a first ultrasonic cleaning station is provided with a first cleaning and drying device and first cleaning material boxes on two sides of the first cleaning and drying device;

the laser etching station comprises a laser etching system X-axis motor, a laser etching system Y ' -axis motor, a laser etching system X-axis synchronous belt and a laser etching system Y-axis synchronous belt, wherein the laser etching system X-axis synchronous belt is installed on the laser etching system X-axis motor, the laser etching system Y ' -axis synchronous belt is installed on the laser etching system Y ' -axis motor, and the laser is installed on a polished rod driven by the laser etching system X-axis synchronous belt and the laser etching system Y-axis synchronous belt.

7. The apparatus for constructing metal patterns on the surfaces of plastic parts according to claim 6, wherein in the first ultrasonic cleaning station and the second ultrasonic cleaning station, the required cleaning solution is alcohol; ultrasonic vibration is generated on the alcohol; after the cleaning is finished, the hot air fan generates hot air of 40 ℃ to dry the cleaned parts.

8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the laser etching station comprises a laser with a power of 3000mW and a spot diameter of 0.2um and a two-dimensional motion system, and the laser is driven by the two-dimensional motion system to etch any two-dimensional pattern on the surface of the part, thereby realizing selective laser activation of any part of the active precursor.

9. The apparatus for constructing metal patterns on the surfaces of plastic parts according to claim 6, wherein the electroless plating station is operated by filling the inside of the metal box body with an electroplating solution, and the temperature of the electroplating solution is kept constant at a specific temperature value by heating and temperature control of the electromagnetic temperature control system.

10. An operating method of a device for building a metal pattern on the surface of a plastic part, characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) Preparation of reactive precursor

Firstly 4g of Ni ₂ SO ₄ With 1g NaH ₂ PO ₄ Dissolving in 10ml deionized water, stirring in magnetic stirrer at 1200rmp for 20 min to obtain 10ml active solution, and adding 10ml active solutionPouring the solution into 40ml of light-cured resin, and dispersing in ultrasonic dispersion equipment for 2 hours to obtain 50ml of active precursor;

putting a precursor material into a precursor material box, and installing the precursor material on a 3D printing station;

2) Manufacture of parts

after the ultrasonic cleaning, the printing platform moves to a second ultrasonic cleaning station for cleaning;

after cleaning, the printing platform moves to an electroless plating station, and the areas on the part which are selectively activated by laser are selectively deposited with nickel, so that the required metal patterns are formed;

after the cleaning is finished, the printing platform moves to the DLP3D printing station, and the residual structure of the part is continuously printed.