CN115302311B

CN115302311B - Self-lubricating formula longmen machining center

Info

Publication number: CN115302311B
Application number: CN202211073543.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王立民; 刘星明; 刘士孔
Original assignee: Yiteli Chuzhou Intelligent Numerical Control Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Yiteli Chuzhou Intelligent Numerical Control Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-09-02
Filing date: 2022-09-02
Publication date: 2023-04-07
Anticipated expiration: 2042-09-02
Also published as: CN115302311A

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-lubricating gantry machining center, which relates to the technical field of numerical control machines and comprises a base and a cross beam, wherein a horizontal first sliding rail is fixedly installed at the top of the base, a first sliding part is fixedly installed on the cross beam, the first sliding part is in sliding fit with the first sliding rail, a channel is arranged on the first sliding part, one end of the channel is communicated to one side, in the first sliding part, in the sliding fit with the first sliding rail, and the self-lubricating gantry machining center also comprises a lubricating assembly for supplying a lubricant, wherein a lubricant outlet of the lubricating assembly is communicated to the other end of the channel through a pipeline, so that the lubricant is added between the first sliding part and the first sliding rail through the channel. The invention can directly convey the lubricant between the first sliding part and the first slide rail, thereby fully lubricating the first sliding part and the first slide rail, greatly increasing the lubricating effect, reducing the abrasion between the first sliding part and the first slide rail and further improving the processing precision of the gantry processing center.

Description

Self-lubricating formula longmen machining center

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, in particular to a self-lubricating gantry machining center.

Background

The gantry machining center is a machining center with the axis of a main shaft Z shaft perpendicular to a workbench, the overall structure is a large machining center with a gantry structure frame consisting of double bases and a top beam, and a cross beam is arranged in the middle of the double bases.

The patent publication No. CN217096599U, entitled beam guide rail structure of numerical control gantry machining center, includes a beam, a slide seat is bolted to a port of the beam, a driving box is bolted to a port surface of the slide seat, a ram is slidably connected to a surface of the guide rail, a guide rail is bolted to a surface of the beam, a connecting box is bolted to an upper surface of the beam, a threaded cylinder is mounted on a surface of a threaded rod inside the connecting box, a connecting rod is bolted to the other side surface of the threaded cylinder, a port of the connecting rod is bolted to an oil tank, a nozzle is mounted on the bottom surface of the oil tank, an outlet end of the nozzle faces the surface of the guide rail, and the nozzle sprays lubricating oil in the oil tank on the surface of the guide rail, so that the lubrication degree between the ram and the guide rail is increased, and the abrasion is reduced.

In the prior art such as the above patent, the sliding rail is usually lubricated by continuously adding lubricating oil or periodically adding lubricating oil (lubricant) to the surface of the sliding rail to reduce the wear of the sliding rail. However, in the case that the beam of the large gantry machining center slides on the base, the bottom of the beam is fixedly connected with the sliding part, the top of the base is fixedly connected with the sliding rail, and the sliding part is in sliding fit with the sliding rail.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a self-lubricating gantry machining center to overcome the defects in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a self-lubricating formula longmen machining center, includes base and crossbeam, the top fixed mounting of base has the first slide rail of horizontally, fixed mounting has first sliding part on the crossbeam, first sliding part and first slide rail sliding fit are equipped with the passageway on the first sliding part, the one end of passageway communicates to first sliding part on with first slide rail sliding fit's one side, still including the lubricated subassembly of supply emollient, the emollient export of lubricated subassembly communicates to the other end of passageway through the pipeline to add emollient through the passageway between first sliding part and the first slide rail.

Further, first sliding part is through a plurality of bolt fixed mounting on the crossbeam, and a plurality of screw holes have been seted up to the bottom of crossbeam, set up a plurality of through-holes with each screw hole one-to-one on the first sliding part, the through-hole is including the first section and the second section that are linked together, and the diameter of first section is greater than the diameter of second section, and the screw rod of first bolt passes behind the first section and the second section of the through-hole that correspond in proper order and screw hole threaded connection, and the nut of bolt is located first section, and the nut butts the inner bottom of first section.

Further, be equipped with the pore on the crossbeam, the one end intercommunication screw hole's of pore inner bottom, other end intercommunication pipeline, the bolt is gone up and is seted up the shaft hole along the center pin, first section of shaft hole intercommunication and screw hole, the passageway comprises pore, screw hole, shaft hole and first section in proper order.

Further, the duct communicates with each of the plurality of threaded holes.

Furthermore, the lubricating component comprises a pressing bottle, the lubricating agent is contained in the pressing bottle, and a nozzle of the pressing bottle is communicated with the pipeline.

Furthermore, the number of the bases is two, and two ends of the cross beam are respectively in sliding fit with one base.

Furthermore, the cross beam comprises two side beams which are arranged in parallel, and a fixing plate is fixedly connected between the two side beams.

Furthermore, two first sliding rails are fixedly mounted on each base, two first sliding portions are fixedly mounted at two ends of each side beam, and a lubricating assembly simultaneously adds lubricating agents between the four first sliding portions and the first sliding rails on the same side.

Furthermore, a horizontal second sliding rail is arranged on the cross beam and is perpendicular to the first sliding rail, the horizontal second sliding rail further comprises a saddle, a second sliding part is fixedly mounted on the saddle, and the second sliding part is in sliding fit with the second sliding rail; the saddle is rectangle frame form, and the inboard of saddle is provided with vertical third slide rail, still includes the ram, the bottom of ram is provided with electric main shaft, and fixed mounting has the third sliding part on the ram, third sliding part and third slide rail sliding fit.

The second sliding part is provided with a second channel, one end of the second channel is communicated to one side of the second sliding part, which is in sliding fit with the second slide rail, the second sliding part further comprises a second lubricating assembly, and a lubricant outlet of the second lubricating assembly is communicated to the other end of the second channel so as to add lubricant between the second sliding part and the second slide rail through the second channel;

the third sliding part is provided with a third channel, one end of the third channel is communicated to one side of the third sliding part, which is in sliding fit with the third sliding rail, the third sliding part further comprises a third lubricating component, and a lubricant outlet of the third lubricating component is communicated to the other end of the third channel so as to add lubricant between the third sliding part and the third sliding rail through the third channel.

In the technical scheme, the self-lubricating gantry machining center provided by the invention has the advantages that the first channel and the first lubricant assembly are arranged, so that the lubricant can be directly conveyed between the first sliding part and the first slide rail, the first sliding part and the first slide rail are fully lubricated, the lubricating effect is greatly improved, the abrasion between the first sliding part and the first slide rail is reduced, and the machining precision of the gantry machining center can be improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 isbase:Sub>A plan sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 isbase:Sub>A perspective cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a first lubrication assembly according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a portion of a first lubrication assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a first channel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of the reference numerals:

1. a base; 2. a cross beam; 2.1, a side beam; 2.2, fixing a plate; 3. a first slide rail; 4. a first sliding section; 5. pressing the bottle; 6. a pipeline; 7. a bolt; 8. a threaded hole; 9. a through hole; 9.1, a first section; 9.2, a second section; 10. a duct; 11. a shaft hole; 12. a saddle; 13. a ram; 14. an electric spindle; 15. a fourth slide rail; 16. a fourth sliding section; 17. a hydraulic device; 18. a pressing part; 19. a drive gear; 20. a reduction motor; 21. a first rack; 22. a syringe-type container; 23. a shaft lever; 24. a first gear; 25. a second gear; 26. a ratchet wheel; 27. a pawl; 28. a second rack; 29. a third rack.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 to 8, a self-lubricating gantry machining center provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes a base 1 and a cross beam 2, a horizontal first slide rail 3 is fixedly installed on a top of the base 1, a first sliding portion 4 is fixedly installed on the cross beam 2, the first sliding portion 4 is in sliding fit with the first slide rail 3, a channel is provided on the first sliding portion 4, one end of the channel is communicated to one side of the first sliding portion 4 in sliding fit with the first slide rail 3, and the self-lubricating gantry machining center further includes a lubricating assembly for supplying a lubricant, and a lubricant outlet of the lubricating assembly is communicated to the other end of the channel through a pipeline 6, so that the lubricant is added between the first sliding portion 4 and the first slide rail 3 through the channel. Specifically, the number of the first sliding rails 3 and the first sliding parts 4 which are in sliding fit with each other is set to be one group or two groups or even more, the first sliding rails 3 are connected to the base 1 in a threaded connection or welding mode, the first sliding parts 4 are connected to the bottom of the cross beam 2 in a threaded connection or welding mode, the first lubricant component is a pressing bottle 5 or an injection type container 22, and lubricant is contained inside the first lubricant component.

In the technical scheme, the self-lubricating gantry machining center provided by the invention has the advantages that the first channel and the first lubricant assembly are arranged, so that the lubricant can be directly conveyed between the first sliding part 4 and the first slide rail 3, the first sliding part 4 and the first slide rail 3 are sufficiently lubricated, the lubricating effect is greatly improved, the abrasion between the first sliding part 4 and the first slide rail 3 is reduced, and the machining precision of the gantry machining center can be improved.

In another embodiment provided by the invention, the first sliding part 4 is fixedly mounted on the cross beam 2 through a plurality of bolts 7, a plurality of threaded holes 8 are formed in the bottom of the cross beam 2, a plurality of through holes 9 corresponding to the threaded holes 8 one by one are formed in the first sliding part 4, each through hole 9 comprises a first section 9.1 and a second section 9.2 which are communicated with each other, the diameter of the first section 9.1 is larger than that of the second section 9.2, a screw of the first bolt 7 sequentially penetrates through the first section 9.1 and the second section 9.2 of the corresponding through hole 9 and then is in threaded connection with the threaded hole 8, a nut of the bolt 7 is positioned in the first section 9.1 and abuts against the inner bottom of the first section 9.1. Further, be equipped with pore 10 on the crossbeam 2, the inner bottom of pore 10's one end intercommunication screw hole 8, other end intercommunication pipeline 6, along the center pin seted up shaft hole 11 on the bolt 7, shaft hole 11 intercommunication first section 9.1 and screw hole 8, the passageway comprises pore 10, screw hole 8, shaft hole 11 and first section 9.1 in proper order. The duct 10 is in communication with a plurality of threaded holes 8 in the cross beam 2. Preferably, the lubricating assembly comprises a pressing bottle 5, a lubricant contained in the pressing bottle 5, a nozzle of a pressing bottle cap of the pressing bottle 5 is communicated with the pipeline 6, and the lubricant enters the space between the first sliding part 4 and the first sliding rail 3 through the pipeline 6 and a channel by pressing the pressing bottle cap of the pressing bottle 5, so that the space between the first sliding part 4 and the first sliding rail 3 is lubricated, and the abrasion is reduced.

In another embodiment of the present invention, there are two bases 1, and two ends of the cross beam 2 are slidably engaged with one base 1. Further, the cross beam 2 comprises two parallel side beams 2.1, and a fixing plate 2.2 is fixedly connected between the two side beams 2.1. Furthermore, all fixed mounting has two first slide rails 3 on every base 1, and the both ends of every curb girder 2.1 are all fixed mounting has two first sliding parts 4, and a lubricated subassembly adds emollient to simultaneously between four groups of first sliding parts 4 of homonymy and first slide rail 3.

As a preferred technical solution of this embodiment, the beam 2 is provided with a horizontal second slide rail perpendicular to the first slide rail 3, and further includes a saddle 12, the saddle 12 is fixedly provided with a second sliding portion, and the second sliding portion is in sliding fit with the second slide rail; the saddle 12 is rectangular frame form, and the inboard of saddle 12 is provided with vertical third slide rail, still includes ram 13, and the bottom of ram 13 is provided with electric main shaft 14, and fixed mounting has the third sliding part on the ram 13, and the third sliding part is with third slide rail sliding fit, and electric main shaft 14 can be followed X axle, Y axle and Z axle direction motion respectively. Furthermore, a second channel is arranged on the second sliding part, one end of the second channel is communicated to one side, which is matched with the second slide rail in a sliding mode, of the second sliding part, and a second lubricating assembly is further included; the third sliding part is provided with a third channel, one end of the third channel is communicated to one side, matched with the third sliding rail in a sliding mode, of the third sliding part, the third lubricating component is further included, and a lubricant outlet of the third lubricating component is communicated to the other end of the third channel so that lubricant can be added between the third sliding part and the third sliding rail through the third channel, and abrasion between the third sliding part and the third sliding rail is reduced.

In still another embodiment provided by the present invention, referring to fig. 5, the top of the base 1 is fixedly installed with a fourth sliding rail 15 parallel to the first sliding rail 3, the bottom of the cross beam 2 is vertically and slidably connected with a fourth sliding portion 16, the fourth sliding portion 16 is located right above the fourth sliding rail 15, the fourth sliding portion 16 is fixedly provided with a hydraulic device 17, an open end of a hydraulic rod of the hydraulic device 17 is fixedly connected with a stopper on the cross beam 2, the hydraulic rod of the hydraulic device 17 drives the fourth sliding portion 16 and the cross beam 2 to slide close to each other to the first station when extending, and the hydraulic rod of the hydraulic device 17 drives the fourth sliding portion 16 and the cross beam 2 to slide away from each other to the second station when contracting. At a first station, the fourth sliding part 16 is separated from the fourth sliding rail 15, the first sliding part 4 is in contact with and in sliding fit with the first sliding rail 3, so that the cross beam 2 can slide on the base 1 when the main shaft on the cross beam 2 is in a processing process, that is, the main shaft on the cross beam 2 is in a processing process of a workpiece, the requirement on the sliding precision of the cross beam 2 on the base 1 is extremely high, and the cross beam 2 can slide on the base 1 only through the sliding fit between the first sliding part 4 and the first sliding rail 3; at the second station, the first sliding part 4 is separated from the first sliding rail 3, the fourth sliding part 16 is in contact with and in sliding fit with the fourth sliding rail 15, so that the beam 2 can slide on the base 1 when the spindle on the beam 2 is not in the process of machining, that is, the spindle on the beam 2 is in the process of machining an unmachined workpiece, the beam 2 slides frequently on the base 1 and has a long sliding distance, but the requirement on the sliding precision of the beam 2 on the base 1 is not high, and the beam 2 slides on the base 1 only through the sliding fit between the fourth sliding part 16 and the fourth sliding rail 15, so that the abrasion between the first sliding rail 3 and the first sliding part 4 can be greatly reduced, the service lives of the first sliding rail 3 and the first sliding part 4 are greatly prolonged, the sliding precision of the beam 2 in the process of machining the spindle on the beam 2 is greatly improved, and the machining precision of the workpiece is improved.

As a preferred technical solution of this embodiment, referring to fig. 5, a pressing bottle 5 is fixedly installed on a fourth sliding portion 16, a pressing portion 18 located above the pressing bottle 5 is fixedly connected to a cross beam 2, the top of a pressing bottle cap of the pressing bottle 5 is in abutting fit with the pressing portion 18, in the process of switching from a second station to a first station by compressing a hydraulic rod of a hydraulic device 17, the fourth sliding portion 16 and the cross beam 2 slide close to each other, the pressing portion 18 on the cross beam 2 presses the pressing bottle cap of the pressing bottle 5, so that a paste lubricant in the pressing bottle 5 is pressed into a pipeline 6 and a first channel and then reaches between the first sliding portion 4 and the first sliding rail 3, and then the first sliding portion 4 is pressed onto the first sliding rail 3 in a contacting manner, the lubricant between the first sliding portion 4 and the first sliding rail 3 is pressed by the first sliding portion 4 and the first sliding rail 3 and then spreads to the surrounding, so that more contact surfaces between the first sliding portion 4 and the first sliding rail 3 can be coated with lubricant, and the first sliding portion 4 can slide more uniformly and the first sliding rail 3, and the first sliding portion 4 can be further worn down, and the first sliding rail 3 can be lubricated. The embodiment realizes that the lubricant is passively added between the first slide rail 3 and the first sliding part 4 automatically in the process of rail change of the cross beam 2 between the first slide rail 3 and the fourth slide rail 15.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 6-7, the lubricant in the main stream is contained in the injection container 22, the first lubrication assembly includes the injection container 22, the injection container 22 includes a tube, an outlet is provided at one end of the tube, the outlet is communicated with the pipeline 6, a piston is provided in the tube in an axial sliding manner, the lubricant in a paste form is contained in the tube and located between the piston and the outlet in the tube, the lubricant in the tube can be squeezed into the shape of the pipeline 6 by squeezing the piston, and the lubricant in the pipeline 6 enters between the first sliding portion 4 and the fourth sliding portion 16 through the channel for lubrication; the first lubricating component further comprises a shaft rod 23, a first gear 24, a second gear 25, a ratchet 26, a pawl 27, a second rack 28 and a third rack 29, wherein the shaft rod 23 is rotatably connected to the cross beam 2, the axial direction of the shaft rod 23 is horizontal and perpendicular to the horizontal sliding direction of the cross beam 2, the first gear 24 is rotatably arranged on the cross beam 2, the shaft rod 23 movably penetrates through the center of the first gear 24, the second gear 25 is rotatably and fixedly connected to the shaft rod 23, the second gear 25 is coaxial with the first gear 24, the ratchet 26 is coaxially embedded on the first gear 24, the ratchet 26 is fixedly connected with the first gear 24, the pawl 27 is elastically hinged to the shaft rod 23, specifically, the pawl 27 is hinged to the peripheral side of the shaft rod 23, the rotating shaft of the pawl 27 is parallel to the axial direction of the shaft rod 23, a torsion spring is arranged between the pawl 27 and the shaft rod 23, the torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the pawl 27, one end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected with the pawl 27, the other end is fixedly connected with the peripheral side of the rotating shaft, the pawl 27 is matched with the ratchet wheel 26, the first gear 24 is meshed with the second rack 28, the second rack 28 is arranged on the cross beam 2 in a sliding mode, the sliding direction is parallel to the horizontal sliding direction of the cross beam 2, one end of the second rack 28 is fixedly connected with the piston through the connecting rod, the pipe body is fixedly connected on the cross beam 2, the second gear 25 is meshed with the third rack 29 in a matching mode, the bottom of the third rack 29 is fixedly connected with the fourth sliding portion 16, when the fourth sliding portion 16 and the fourth sliding rail 15 are switched to the first station from the second station, the fourth sliding portion 16 drives the third rack 29 to vertically move upwards, the cross beam 2 drives the second gear 25 to vertically move downwards through the shaft rod 23, so that the second gear 25 is meshed with the third rack 29 in a matching mode, the second gear 25 rotates with the shaft rod 23 (the view angle in figure 6 is anticlockwise), the shaft 23 drives the pawl 27 to move synchronously, the pawl 27 is clamped into a tooth groove of the ratchet 26 to drive the ratchet 26 to rotate anticlockwise, the ratchet 26 drives the first gear 24 to rotate anticlockwise, the first gear 24 drives the second rack 28 meshed with the first gear to slide leftwards, so that the piston slides (as shown in a view angle of fig. 6), and the lubricant is pumped into a space between the first sliding part 4 and the first sliding rail 3 through the pipeline 6 and the channel. In the process of switching from the first station to the second station between the fourth sliding portion 16 and the fourth sliding rail 15, the fourth sliding portion 16 drives the third rack 29 to vertically move downward, the second gear 25 is transversely driven to vertically move upward by the shaft rod 23, the third rack 29 drives the second gear 25 engaged therewith to clockwise rotate, the second gear 25 drives the shaft rod 23 to clockwise rotate, the shaft rod 23 drives the pawl 27 to synchronously move, the pawl 27 elastically rotates against the elastic force of the torsion spring, so that the pawl 27 slides over the tooth space of the ratchet 26, the pawl 27 cannot drive the ratchet 26 to rotate, the shaft rod 23 idles, the ratchet 26 and the first gear 24 do not rotate, the second rack 28 does not slide relative to the cross beam 2, and the piston cannot slide relative to the tube body. The embodiment realizes that the lubricant is passively added between the first slide rail 3 and the first sliding part 4 automatically in the process of rail change of the cross beam 2 between the first slide rail 3 and the fourth slide rail 15.

In still another embodiment provided by the invention, a speed reducing motor 20 is fixedly installed on the cross beam 2, a driving gear 19 is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the speed reducing motor 20, a first rack 21 is vertically and slidably arranged on the base 1, specifically, a plurality of vertical first through holes 9 are formed in the first rack 21, a plurality of slide piles are screwed on the base 1, each slide pile is vertically and slidably inserted into each first through hole 9 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the first rack 21 is horizontally and slidably connected with the cross beam 2, specifically, a sliding groove is formed in the cross beam 2, the sliding groove is parallel to the first rack 21, a convex edge is arranged on the first rack 21, the convex edge is in sliding fit with the sliding groove, and the driving gear 19 is meshed with the first rack 21; in the process of switching between the first station and the second station, the first rack 21 moves synchronously along with the beam 2 in the vertical direction, so that the first rack 21 and the two driving gears 19 are always completely meshed, namely, the driving gears 19 and the first rack 21 do not slide relatively along the tooth space direction, the abrasion between the driving gears 19 and the first rack 21 is reduced, and the transmission precision between the driving gears 19 and the first rack 21 is also ensured.

While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a self-lubricating formula longmen machining center, includes base and crossbeam, its characterized in that:

a horizontal first sliding rail is fixedly arranged at the top of the base, a first sliding part is fixedly arranged on the cross beam, and the first sliding part is in sliding fit with the first sliding rail;

a first channel is arranged on the first sliding part, and one end of the first channel is communicated to one side of the first sliding part, which is in sliding fit with the first sliding rail;

the first lubricating component is used for supplying lubricant, and a lubricant outlet of the first lubricating component is communicated to the other end of the first channel through a pipeline so as to add the lubricant between the first sliding part and the first sliding rail through the first channel;

the top of the base is fixedly provided with a fourth sliding rail parallel to the first sliding rail, the bottom of the cross beam is vertically connected with a fourth sliding part in a sliding manner, the fourth sliding part is positioned right above the fourth sliding rail, a hydraulic device is fixedly arranged on the fourth sliding part, the open end of a hydraulic rod of the hydraulic device is fixedly connected with a stop block on the cross beam, the hydraulic rod of the hydraulic device drives the fourth sliding part and the cross beam to slide close to each other to a first station when extending, and drives the fourth sliding part and the cross beam to slide away from each other to a second station when contracting; at the first station, the fourth sliding part is separated from the fourth sliding rail, and the first sliding part is in contact with and in sliding fit with the first sliding rail, so that the beam can slide on the base when the spindle on the beam is in the processing process; at a second station, the first sliding part is separated from the first sliding rail, and the fourth sliding part is in contact with and in sliding fit with the fourth sliding rail, so that the beam can slide on the base when the spindle on the beam is not in the processing process;

the first lubricating component comprises an injection type container, the injection type container comprises a pipe body, an outlet is formed in one end of the pipe body and is communicated with a pipeline, a piston is arranged in the pipe body in a sliding mode along the axial direction, a condensed paste lubricant is contained in the pipe body and is located between the piston and the outlet in the pipe body, the lubricant in the pipe body can be squeezed into the pipeline by squeezing the piston, and the lubricant in the pipeline enters the space between the first sliding portion and the fourth sliding portion through a channel for lubricating; the first lubricating component also comprises a shaft lever, a first gear, a second gear, a ratchet wheel, a pawl, a second rack and a third rack, wherein the shaft lever is rotationally connected to the cross beam, the axial direction of the shaft lever is horizontal and vertical to the horizontal sliding direction of the cross beam, the first gear is rotationally arranged on the cross beam, the shaft lever movably penetrates through the center of the first gear, the second gear is rotationally and fixedly connected to the shaft lever, the second gear and the first gear are coaxial, the ratchet wheel is coaxially embedded on the first gear, the ratchet wheel is fixedly connected with the first gear, the pawl is elastically hinged on the shaft lever, the pawl is matched with the ratchet wheel, the first gear is meshed and matched with the second rack, the second rack is slidably arranged on the cross beam, the sliding direction is parallel to the horizontal sliding direction of the cross beam, one end of the second rack is fixedly connected with the piston through a connecting rod, the pipe body is fixedly connected to the cross beam, the second gear is meshed and matched with the third rack, the bottom of the third rack is fixedly connected with the fourth sliding part, in the process that the fourth sliding part and the fourth sliding rail are switched from a second station to a first station, the fourth sliding part drives the third rack to vertically move upwards, the cross beam drives the second gear to vertically move downwards through the shaft lever, so that the second gear is meshed and matched with the third rack, the second gear and the shaft lever rotate anticlockwise, the shaft lever drives the pawl to synchronously move, the pawl is clamped into a tooth space of the ratchet to drive the ratchet to rotate anticlockwise, the ratchet drives the first gear to rotate anticlockwise, the first gear drives the second rack meshed with the first gear to slide leftwards, the piston slides, and the lubricant is pumped into the space between the first sliding part and the first sliding rail through the pipeline and the channel; in-process to the second station is switched by first station between fourth sliding part and the fourth slide rail, the fourth sliding part drives the vertical downstream of third rack, transversely drive the vertical upward movement of second gear through the axostylus axostyle, the third rack drives the second gear clockwise rotation of meshing with it, the second gear drives the axle lever clockwise rotation, the axostylus axostyle drives pawl synchronous motion, the elastic rotation of overcoming torsional spring elasticity takes place for the pawl, thereby make the tooth's socket of pawl slip ratchet, the pawl can't order about ratchet rotation, the axostylus axostyle idle running, the ratchet, first gear all does not take place to rotate, the relative crossbeam of second rack does not take place to slide yet, the piston just can not slide relative body yet.

2. The self-lubricating gantry machining center of claim 1, wherein the first sliding portion is fixedly mounted on the cross beam through a plurality of bolts, a plurality of threaded holes are formed in the bottom of the cross beam, a plurality of through holes corresponding to the threaded holes in a one-to-one manner are formed in the first sliding portion, each through hole comprises a first section and a second section which are communicated with each other, the diameter of the first section is larger than that of the second section, a screw of the first bolt sequentially penetrates through the first section and the second section of the corresponding through hole and then is in threaded connection with the threaded holes, a nut of the bolt is located in the first section, and the nut abuts against an inner bottom of the first section.

3. The self-lubricating gantry machining center according to claim 2, wherein a hole is formed in the cross beam, one end of the hole is communicated with an inner bottom of the threaded hole, the other end of the hole is communicated with the pipeline, a shaft hole is formed in the bolt along the central shaft, the shaft hole is communicated with the first section and the threaded hole, and the first channel is sequentially composed of the hole, the threaded hole, the shaft hole and the first section.

4. The self-lubricating gantry machining center of claim 3, wherein the bore is in communication with a plurality of threaded holes.

5. The self-lubricating gantry machining center of claim 1, wherein the first lubricating assembly comprises a pressing bottle containing a lubricant, and a nozzle of the pressing bottle is communicated with the pipeline.

6. The self-lubricating gantry machining center of claim 1, wherein the number of the bases is two, and two ends of the cross beam are slidably engaged with one of the bases.

7. The self-lubricating gantry machining center of claim 6, wherein the cross beam comprises two side beams arranged in parallel, and a fixing plate is fixedly connected between the two side beams.

8. The self-lubricating gantry machining center of claim 7, wherein each base is fixedly provided with two first sliding rails, two ends of each side beam are fixedly provided with two first sliding portions, and one first lubricating assembly is used for adding lubricant between the four groups of first sliding portions and the first sliding rails on the same side.

9. The self-lubricating gantry machining center of claim 6, wherein the cross beam is provided with a horizontal second slide rail perpendicular to the first slide rail, and further comprises a saddle, a second sliding part is fixedly mounted on the saddle, and the second sliding part is in sliding fit with the second slide rail;

the saddle is rectangle frame form, and the inboard of saddle is provided with vertical third slide rail, still includes the ram, the bottom of ram is provided with electric main shaft, and fixed mounting has the third sliding part on the ram, third sliding part and third slide rail sliding fit.

10. The self-lubricating gantry machining center of claim 9, wherein the second sliding portion is provided with a second channel, one end of the second channel is communicated to one side of the second sliding portion, which is in sliding fit with the second slide rail, and the self-lubricating gantry machining center further comprises a second lubricating assembly, and a lubricant outlet of the second lubricating assembly is communicated to the other end of the second channel so as to add lubricant between the second sliding portion and the second slide rail through the second channel;