CN115302262B - Rail-changing gantry machining center - Google Patents
Rail-changing gantry machining center Download PDFInfo
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- CN115302262B CN115302262B CN202211073545.6A CN202211073545A CN115302262B CN 115302262 B CN115302262 B CN 115302262B CN 202211073545 A CN202211073545 A CN 202211073545A CN 115302262 B CN115302262 B CN 115302262B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
- B23Q1/017—Arrangements of ways
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rail-changing gantry machining center, which relates to the technical field of numerical control machines and comprises side legs and a cross beam, wherein the top of each side leg is fixedly provided with a first slide rail and a second slide rail which are parallel, the bottom of the cross beam is fixedly provided with a first sliding part, the bottom of the cross beam is vertically and slidably connected with a second sliding part, a first driving mechanism is arranged between the cross beam and the second sliding part and used for driving the second sliding part and the cross beam to slide close to each other to a first station and slide away from each other to a second station, the second sliding part is separated from the second slide rail at the first station, the first sliding part is in contact with the first slide rail and is in sliding fit with the first slide rail so that the cross beam can slide on the side legs when a main shaft on the cross beam is in a machining process, and the first sliding part is separated from the first slide rail at the second station and the second sliding part is in contact with the second slide rail and is in sliding fit with the second slide rail so that the cross beam can slide on the side legs when the main shaft on the cross beam is not in the machining process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, in particular to a rail-changing gantry machining center.
Background
The gantry machining center is a machining center with the axis of a Z shaft of a main shaft perpendicular to a workbench, the whole structure is a large machining center with a gantry structure frame consisting of two side legs and a top beam, and a cross beam is arranged between the two side legs.
The patent with the publication number of CN111002047A and the name of 'a numerical control moving beam type five-axis gantry machining center machine tool' comprises two bases which are arranged in parallel, a machining table is arranged at the bottom between the bases, a groove is formed in the upper end of the base body of each base, a longitudinal moving mechanism is installed in the groove, the top of each base is connected with a transverse moving mechanism in a sliding mode through the longitudinal moving mechanism, the front of each transverse moving mechanism is connected with a vertical moving mechanism in a sliding mode, the front of each vertical moving mechanism is connected with a spindle box used for machining in a sliding mode, and an automatic tool magazine is fixedly installed on the front of the base body of one base.
The movable beam type gantry machining center such as the above patent is that a slide rail is additionally arranged on a side leg, a cross beam is arranged on the slide rail in a sliding manner, after the additionally arranged slide rail is used for a long time, the slide rail can be worn, the wear is not easy to find in an initial stage, but the machining precision and the quality of a workpiece can be influenced, no matter whether a main shaft on the cross beam moves under the condition that the workpiece is machined or the main shaft on the cross beam moves under the condition that the workpiece is not machined, the same slide rail is needed, the wear of the slide rail can be aggravated, after the movable beam type gantry machining center is used for a long time, the slide rail needs to be frequently replaced, and the use cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rail-changing gantry machining center to overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a rail-changing gantry machining center comprises side legs and a cross beam arranged on the side legs in a sliding mode, wherein a first sliding rail and a second sliding rail which are parallel to each other are fixedly arranged at the tops of the side legs; a first sliding part positioned right above the first sliding rail is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the cross beam, and a second sliding part positioned right above the second sliding rail is vertically and slidably connected with the bottom of the cross beam; a first driving mechanism is arranged between the cross beam and the second sliding part and used for driving the second sliding part and the cross beam to slide close to each other to the first station and slide away from each other to the second station; at a first station, the second sliding part is separated from the second sliding rail, and the first sliding part is in contact with and in sliding fit with the first sliding rail, so that the cross beam can slide on the side legs in the process of machining the main shaft on the cross beam; at a second station, the first sliding part is separated from the first sliding rail, and the second sliding part is in contact with the second sliding rail and is in sliding fit with the second sliding rail, so that the cross beam can slide on the side legs when the main shaft on the cross beam is not in the machining process.
The driving device comprises a crossbeam, a first driving mechanism and a second driving mechanism, wherein the crossbeam is provided with a first gear rack, the first gear rack is meshed with the first gear rack, the second driving mechanism is used for driving opposite side legs of the crossbeam to slide, the second driving mechanism comprises two gear motors fixedly mounted on the crossbeam, output shafts of the two gear motors are respectively and fixedly provided with a driving gear, and the side legs are provided with a first gear rack.
Further, the first rack is vertically arranged on the side legs in a sliding mode, and the first rack is horizontally connected with the cross beam in a sliding mode; in the process of switching between the first station and the second station, the first rack moves synchronously along with the beam in the vertical direction, so that the first rack is always completely meshed with the two driving gears.
Furthermore, a plurality of vertical first through holes are formed in the first rack, a plurality of slide piles are connected to the side legs in a threaded mode, and the slide piles are in one-to-one corresponding sliding insertion connection with the first through holes.
Furthermore, the first slide rail is provided with a plurality of second through holes, each second through hole comprises a first section and a second section which are communicated with each other, and the inner diameter of the first section is larger than that of the first section;
the first bolt is in one-to-one correspondence with the second through holes, a screw of the first bolt sequentially penetrates through the first section and the second section of the corresponding second through hole and then is in threaded connection with the side legs, a nut of the first bolt is located in the first section, and the lower end face of the nut is in butt joint with the bottom of the first section.
Furthermore, a lubricant in a condensed paste state is filled in the second section of each second through hole.
Furthermore, the number of the side legs is two, the side legs are parallel to each other and aligned, and two ends of the cross beam are respectively in sliding fit with one side leg.
Furthermore, the cross beam comprises two side beams which are arranged in parallel, and a connecting plate is fixedly connected between the two side beams.
Furtherly, fixed mounting has two first slide rails that parallel on every side leg, and the one end fixed mounting of horizontal pole has two sets of first sliding parts, two sets of first sliding parts and two first slide rail one-to-one sliding fit.
Further, the lubricating mechanism is used for lubricating the first sliding part and the first sliding rail.
In the technical scheme, the rail-changing gantry machining center provided by the invention is characterized in that a first slide rail and a second slide rail are arranged on a side leg, a first slide part in slide fit with the first slide rail and a second slide part in slide fit with the second slide rail are arranged on a cross beam, a first driving mechanism is arranged for driving the second slide part and the cross beam to slide close to each other to a first station and slide away from each other to a second station, the second slide part is separated from the second slide rail at the first station, the first slide part is in contact with and in slide fit with the first slide rail, the requirement on the motion slide precision of the cross beam is extremely high during the machining process of a main shaft on the cross beam, the cross beam slides on the side leg only through the slide fit between the first slide part and the first slide rail, at the second station, first sliding part breaks away from first slide rail, second sliding part and the contact of second slide rail and sliding fit, main shaft is in the in-process of not processing on the crossbeam, the crossbeam slides frequently on the side leg, sliding distance is great, and the motion slip precision requirement to the crossbeam is not high, the crossbeam only passes through the sliding fit between second sliding part and the second slide rail in order to realize sliding on the side leg, thereby can greatly limit reduce the wearing and tearing between first slide rail and the first sliding part, the life of first slide rail and first sliding part has been prolonged greatly, the gliding precision of main shaft at the in-process crossbeam of processing on the crossbeam has been improved by a wide margin, thereby improve the machining precision of work piece.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the structure at A in FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second driving mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a side view of a beam and side leg connection provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a structural exploded view of the first rack and the side leg according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a first driving mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the structure of FIG. 5 at B in the second station in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the first station according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a first slide rail and a side leg according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a lubrication mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of the lubrication mechanism at C of FIG. 11 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a structure incorporating a first channel provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a lubrication assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a lubrication assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a lateral leg; 2. a cross beam; 2.1, side beam; 2.2, connecting plates; 3. a first slide rail; 4. a second slide rail; 5. a first sliding section; 6. a second sliding section; 7. a hydraulic cylinder; 8. a reduction motor; 9. a drive gear; 10. a first rack; 11. a first through hole; 12. pile sliding; 13. a second through hole; 13.1, a first section; 13.2, a second section; 14. a first bolt; 15. a saddle; 16. a ram; 17. an electric spindle; 18. a second bolt; 19. a threaded hole; 20. a third through hole; 20.1, third stage; 20.2, a fourth section; 21. a duct; 22. a shaft hole; 23. a pipeline; 24. pressing the bottle; 25. a pressing part; 26. a syringe-type container; 27. a shaft lever; 28. a first gear; 29. a second gear; 30. a ratchet wheel; 31. a pawl; 32. a second rack; 33. and a third rack.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, those skilled in the art will now describe the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-15, a rail-changing gantry machining center provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes a side leg 1 and a cross beam 2 slidably disposed on the side leg 1, wherein a first slide rail 3 and a second slide rail 4 which are parallel to each other are fixedly mounted on the top of the side leg 1; a first sliding part 5 positioned right above the first sliding rail 3 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cross beam 2, a second sliding part 6 positioned right above the second sliding rail 4 is vertically and slidably connected to the bottom of the cross beam 2, a first driving mechanism is arranged between the cross beam 2 and the second sliding part 6, and the first driving mechanism is used for driving the second sliding part 6 and the cross beam 2 to slide close to each other to a first station and slide away from each other to a second station; at the first station, as shown in fig. 9, the second sliding part 6 is separated from the second sliding rail 4, and the first sliding part 5 is in contact with and in sliding fit with the first sliding rail 3, so that the cross beam 2 can slide on the side legs 1 during the process of machining the main shaft on the cross beam 2; in the second station, as shown in fig. 8, the first sliding part 5 is disengaged from the first sliding rail 3, and the second sliding part 6 is in contact with and in sliding engagement with the second sliding rail 4, so that the cross beam 2 can slide on the side legs 1 during the machining process of the main shaft on the cross beam 2. That is, the first sliding part 5 can be lowered onto the first slide rail 3 to be in sliding fit with the first slide rail 3, and can also be moved upwards to be separated from the first slide rail 3; the second sliding part 6 can be lowered onto the second slide rail 4 to be in sliding fit with the second slide rail 4, and can also be moved upwards to be separated from the second slide rail 4. Preferably, the first driving mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder 7, a cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 7 is fixedly mounted on the cross beam 2, an open end of a hydraulic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7 is fixedly connected with the second slide rail 4, the hydraulic cylinder 7 drives the second sliding portion 6 and the cross beam 2 to slide away from each other in an extending process, so that the second sliding portion 6 contacts the second slide rail 4, the first sliding portion 5 is separated from the first slide rail 3, the hydraulic cylinder 7 drives the second interaction portion and the cross beam 2 to slide close to each other in a contracting process, so that the first sliding portion 5 contacts the first slide rail 3, and the second sliding portion 6 is separated from the second slide rail 4. In addition, the first driving mechanism can also adopt an electric push rod. Further, a saddle 15 is arranged on the beam 2 in a sliding manner along the length direction, a ram 16 is arranged on the saddle 15 in a sliding manner vertically, and an electric spindle 17 is arranged on the ram 16.
In the technical scheme, the rail-changing gantry machining center provided by the invention is characterized in that a first slide rail 3 and a second slide rail 4 are arranged on a side leg 1, a first slide part 5 in sliding fit with the first slide rail 3 and a second slide part 6 in sliding fit with the second slide rail 4 are arranged on a cross beam 2, a first driving mechanism is arranged for driving the second slide part 6 and the cross beam 2 to slide close to each other to a first station and slide away from each other to a second station, the second slide part 6 is separated from the second slide rail 4 at the first station, the first slide part 5 is in contact with and in sliding fit with the first slide rail 3, the requirement on the motion sliding precision of the cross beam 2 is extremely high during the machining process of a main shaft on the cross beam 2, the cross beam 2 slides on the side leg 1 only through the sliding fit between the first slide part 5 and the first slide rail 3, at the second station, the first sliding part 5 is separated from the first sliding rail 3, the second sliding part 6 is in contact with the second sliding rail 4 and is in sliding fit with the second sliding rail 4, the main shaft on the cross beam 2 is in an unprocessed process, the cross beam 2 frequently slides on the side legs 1, the sliding distance is long, the requirement on the movement sliding precision of the cross beam 2 is not high, and the cross beam 2 only slides on the side legs 1 through the sliding fit between the second sliding part 6 and the second sliding rail 4, so that the abrasion between the first sliding rail 3 and the first sliding part 5 can be greatly reduced, the service lives of the first sliding rail 3 and the first sliding part 5 are greatly prolonged, the sliding precision of the cross beam 2 in a processing process of the main shaft on the cross beam 2 is greatly improved, and the processing precision of a workpiece is improved.
In another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2-4, the present invention further includes a second driving mechanism for driving the cross beam 2 to slide relative to the side leg 1, the second driving mechanism includes two deceleration motors 8 fixedly installed on the cross beam 2, output shafts of the two deceleration motors 8 are respectively and fixedly provided with a driving gear 9, the side leg 1 is fixedly provided with a first rack 10, the first rack 10 is parallel to the first sliding rail 3 and the second sliding rail 4, the two driving gears 9 are simultaneously engaged with the first rack 10, and the deceleration motors 8 drive the first rack 10 to move along the length direction through the driving gears 9, so that the cross beam 2 slides on the side leg 1. The driving gear 9 on the output shaft of the gear motor is driven to rotate by one gear motor 8, the driving gear 9 and the first rack 10 are in contact with a tooth gap, the first rack 10 is further enabled to be subjected to offset moment, the tooth gap between the driving gear 9 and the first rack 10 is eliminated, meanwhile, the tooth gap between the other driving gear 9 and the first rack 10 is also synchronously eliminated, the occurrence of a back gap is reduced or avoided, therefore, the transmission without the tooth gap is achieved, vibration and noise can be effectively reduced, abrasion of long-time use is effectively reduced, and the sliding precision of the cross beam 2 on the side leg 1 is effectively improved. In the process of switching between the first station and the second station, relative sliding is generated between the two driving gears 9 and the first rack 10 along the length direction of the tooth grooves, and the transmission can still be performed between the first rack 10 and the gears.
In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the first rack 10 is vertically slidably disposed on the side leg 1, the first rack 10 is horizontally slidably connected to the cross beam 2, the sliding direction is the length direction of the first rack 10, specifically, referring to fig. 6, the first rack 10 is provided with a plurality of vertical first through holes 11, the side leg 1 is screwed with a plurality of slide piles 12, and each slide pile 12 is slidably inserted into each first through hole 11 in a one-to-one correspondence manner; in the process of switching between the first station and the second station, the first rack 10 moves synchronously along with the beam 2 in the vertical direction, so that the first rack 10 and the two driving gears 9 are always completely meshed, namely, the two driving gears 9 and the first rack 10 cannot slide relatively along the tooth space direction, the abrasion between the driving gears 9 and the first rack 10 is reduced, and the transmission precision between the driving gears 9 and the first rack 10 is also ensured.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, referring to fig. 10, the first slide rail 3 is provided with a plurality of second through holes 13, the second through holes 13 include a first section 13.1 and a second section 13.2 which are communicated with each other, and an inner diameter of the first section 13.1 is greater than an inner diameter of the first section 13.1; the sliding structure further comprises a plurality of first bolts 14, each first bolt 14 corresponds to each second through hole 13 one by one, a screw rod of each first bolt 14 sequentially penetrates through the first section 13.1 and the second section 13.2 of the corresponding second through hole 13 and then is in threaded connection with the side leg 1, a nut of each first bolt 14 is located in the first section 13.1, the lower end face of the nut is in butt fit with the bottom of the first section 13.1, furthermore, a condensed-paste-shaped lubricant or a thick liquid lubricant is filled in the second section 13.2 of each second through hole 13, and the lubricating effect during sliding between the first sliding part 5 and the first sliding rail 3 can be improved. The screw connection mode can be adopted between the second slide rail 4 and the side leg 1 and between the first sliding part 5 and the cross beam 2.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the number of the side legs 1 is two, the side legs are parallel and aligned with each other, and two ends of the cross beam 2 are respectively in sliding fit with one side leg 1. The crossbeam 2 includes two parallel arrangement curb girder 2.1, fixedly connected with connecting plate 2.2 between the both sides roof beam 2.1. Two parallel first sliding rails 3 are fixedly mounted on each side leg 1, two groups of first sliding parts 5 are fixedly mounted at one end of each cross rod, and the two groups of first sliding parts 5 are in one-to-one corresponding sliding fit with the two first sliding rails 3.
In still another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 11-13, the present invention further includes a lubricating mechanism for lubricating the space between the first sliding portion 5 and the first slide rail 3. Specifically, the lubricating mechanism comprises a first channel and a lubricating assembly, one end of the first channel is communicated to one side, in sliding fit with the first sliding rail 3, of the first sliding portion 5, a lubricating agent outlet of the lubricating assembly is communicated to the other end of the first channel through a pipeline 23, so that a lubricating agent is added between the first sliding portion 5 and the first sliding rail 3 through the first channel, and the lubricating agent is in a paste condensation state. Optionally, the device further comprises a second channel, one end of the second channel is communicated to one side of the second sliding portion 6 in sliding fit with the second sliding rail 4, and the other end of the second channel is communicated to the pipeline 23. Preferably, the first sliding portion 5 is fixedly mounted on the cross beam 2 through a plurality of second bolts 18, a plurality of threaded holes 19 are formed in the bottom of the cross beam 2, a plurality of third through holes 20 corresponding to the threaded holes 19 one by one are formed in the first sliding portion 5, the third through holes 20 include a third section 20.1 and a fourth section 20.2 which are communicated with each other, the diameter of the third section 20.1 is larger than that of the fourth section 20.2, a screw of the second bolt 18 sequentially penetrates through the third section 20.1 and the fourth section 20.2 of the corresponding third through hole 20 and then is in threaded connection with the threaded hole 19, a nut of the second bolt 18 is located in the first section 13.1, the nut of the second bolt 18 abuts against an inner bottom of the third section 20.1, and the first sliding portion 5 is in threaded connection with the bottom of the cross beam 2. Furthermore, the cross beam 2 is provided with a hole passage 21, one end of the hole passage 21 is communicated with an inner bottom of the threaded hole 19, the other end of the hole passage 21 is communicated with a pipeline 23, a shaft hole 22 is formed in the second bolt 18 along the central axis, the shaft hole 22 is communicated with the third section 20.1 and the threaded hole 19, and the first passage is sequentially composed of the hole passage 21, the threaded hole 19, the shaft hole 22 and the third section 20.1. The bore 21 communicates with each of the plurality of threaded holes 19.
As a preferred technical solution of this embodiment, the lubricating assembly includes a pressing bottle 24, the pressing bottle 24 contains a lubricant in a paste form, the pressing bottle 24 is used to press liquid, which is a conventional technology, and details are omitted here, a lubricant outlet on a pressing bottle cap of the pressing bottle 24 is communicated with a pipeline 23, the pressing bottle 24 is detachably mounted on the second sliding portion 6, the pressing portion 25 located above the pressing bottle 24 is fixedly connected to the cross beam 2, the top of the pressing bottle cap of the pressing bottle 24 is in abutting fit with the pressing portion 25, when the first driving mechanism is driven to switch tracks, that is, during switching from the second station to the first station, the second sliding portion 6 and the cross beam 2 slide close to each other, the pressing portion 25 on the cross beam 2 presses the pressing bottle cap of the pressing bottle 24, so that the lubricant in the pressing bottle 24 is pressed into the pipeline 23, the lubricant in the first channel and then reaches between the first sliding portion 5 and the first sliding rail 3, the first sliding portion 5 is in contact with and extruded on the first sliding rail 3, and the lubricant is further lubricated by the first sliding portion 5 and the first sliding rail 3, and the first sliding portion 5 is capable of being worn down by the first sliding rail 3. After the lubricant in the press bottle 24 is used up, the press bottle 24 is refilled with lubricant or a new press bottle 24 is replaced. The embodiment realizes that the lubricant is passively added between the first slide rail 3 and the first sliding part 5 in the process of rail change of the cross beam 2 between the first slide rail 3 and the second slide rail 4.
In another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 14-15, currently, the lubricant in the main stream is contained in the injection container 26, so in this embodiment, the lubrication assembly includes the injection container 26, the injection container 26 includes a tube, an outlet is provided at one end of the tube, the outlet is communicated with the pipeline 23, a piston is provided in the tube in an axial sliding manner, the lubricant in a paste form is contained in the tube and is located between the piston and the outlet in the tube, the lubricant in the tube can be driven into the pipeline 23 by pressing the piston, and the lubricant in the pipeline 23 enters between the first sliding portion 5 and the first sliding rail 3 through the channel for lubrication; the lubricating component further comprises a shaft rod 27, a first gear 28, a second gear 29, a ratchet wheel 30, a pawl 31, a second rack 32 and a third rack 33, wherein the shaft rod 27 is rotatably connected to the cross beam 2, the axial direction of the shaft rod 27 is horizontal and perpendicular to the horizontal sliding direction of the cross beam 2, the first gear 28 is rotatably arranged on the cross beam 2, the shaft rod 27 movably penetrates through the center of the first gear 28, the second gear 29 is rotatably and fixedly connected to the shaft rod 27, the second gear 29 is coaxial with the first gear 28, the ratchet wheel 30 is coaxially embedded on the first gear 28, the ratchet wheel 30 is fixedly connected with the first gear 28, the pawl 31 is elastically hinged to the shaft rod 27, specifically, the pawl 31 is hinged to the peripheral side of the shaft rod 27, the rotating shaft of the pawl 31 is parallel to the axial direction of the shaft rod 27, a torsion spring is arranged between the pawl 31 and the shaft rod 27, the torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the pawl 31, one end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected with the pawl 31, the other end of the second sliding part is fixedly connected with the peripheral side of the rotating shaft, the pawl 31 is matched with the ratchet 30, the first gear 28 is meshed with the second rack 32, the second rack 32 is arranged on the cross beam 2 in a sliding mode, the sliding direction is parallel to the horizontal sliding direction of the cross beam 2, one end of the second rack 32 is fixedly connected with the piston through the connecting rod, the pipe body is fixedly connected on the cross beam 2, the second gear 29 is meshed with the third rack 33, the bottom of the third rack 33 is fixedly connected with the second sliding part 6, when the second sliding part 6 and the second sliding rail 4 are switched to the first station from the second station, the second sliding part 6 drives the third rack 33 to vertically move upwards, the cross beam 2 drives the second gear 29 to vertically move downwards through the shaft lever 27, so that the second gear 29 is meshed with the third rack 33, the second gear 29 rotates with the shaft lever 27, the shaft lever 27 drives the pawl 31 to synchronously move anticlockwise, the pawl 31 is engaged in the tooth slot of the ratchet wheel 30 to drive the ratchet wheel 30 to rotate counterclockwise, the ratchet wheel 30 drives the first gear 28 to rotate counterclockwise, the first gear 28 drives the second rack 32 engaged with the first gear to slide leftward, so that the piston slides, and the lubricant is pumped into the space between the first sliding part 5 and the first slide rail 3 through the pipeline 23 and the channel. In the process of switching from the first station to the second station between the second sliding part 6 and the second slide rail 4, the second sliding part 6 drives the third rack 33 to vertically move downwards, the second rack 29 is transversely driven to vertically move upwards through the shaft rod 27, the third rack 33 drives the second gear 29 engaged with the third rack to clockwise rotate, the second gear 29 drives the shaft rod 27 to clockwise rotate, the shaft rod 27 drives the pawl 31 to synchronously move, the pawl 31 elastically rotates against the elastic force of the torsion spring, so that the pawl 31 slides over the tooth space of the ratchet wheel 30, the pawl 31 cannot drive the ratchet wheel 30 to rotate, the shaft rod 27 idles, the ratchet wheel 30 and the first gear 28 do not rotate, the second rack 32 does not slide relative to the cross beam 2, and the piston cannot slide relative to the tube body. The embodiment realizes that the lubricant is passively added between the first slide rail 3 and the first sliding part 5 in the process of rail change of the cross beam 2 between the first slide rail 3 and the second slide rail 4.
While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a trade rail formula longmen machining center, includes the side leg and slides the crossbeam that sets up on the side leg, its characterized in that:
the top of the side leg is fixedly provided with a first sliding rail and a second sliding rail which are parallel;
a first sliding part positioned right above the first sliding rail is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cross beam, and a second sliding part positioned right above the second sliding rail is vertically and slidably connected to the bottom of the cross beam;
a first driving mechanism is arranged between the cross beam and the second sliding part and used for driving the second sliding part and the cross beam to slide close to each other to the first station and slide away from each other to the second station;
at a first station, the second sliding part is separated from the second sliding rail, and the first sliding part is in contact with and in sliding fit with the first sliding rail, so that the cross beam can slide on the side legs in the process of machining the main shaft on the cross beam;
at a second station, the first sliding part is separated from the first sliding rail, and the second sliding part is in contact with and in sliding fit with the second sliding rail, so that the cross beam can slide on the side legs when the main shaft on the cross beam is not in the processing process;
the second driving mechanism comprises two speed reducing motors fixedly mounted on the cross beam, output shafts of the two speed reducing motors are respectively and fixedly provided with a driving gear, the side leg is provided with a first rack, the two driving gears are meshed with the first rack at the same time, one of the speed reducing motors drives the driving gear on the output shaft to rotate, the driving gear is in contact with the first rack to form a tooth gap, so that the first rack is subjected to a bias torque, the tooth gap between the driving gear and the first rack is eliminated, the tooth gap between the other driving gear and the first rack is synchronously eliminated, and the occurrence of a back gap is reduced or avoided, so that the zero-tooth-gap transmission is realized;
the lubricating mechanism is used for lubricating the position between the first sliding part and the first sliding rail and comprises a first channel and a lubricating assembly, one end of the first channel is communicated to one side, sliding matched with the first sliding rail, of the first sliding part, and a lubricating outlet of the lubricating assembly is communicated to the other end of the first channel through a pipeline so as to add a lubricating agent between the first sliding part and the first sliding rail through the first channel; the lubricating assembly comprises an injection type container, the injection type container comprises a pipe body, an outlet is formed in one end of the pipe body, the outlet is communicated with a pipeline, a piston is arranged in the pipe body in a sliding mode along the axial direction, a condensed paste lubricant is contained in the pipe body and is located between the piston in the pipe body and the outlet, the lubricant in the pipe body can be squeezed into the pipeline by squeezing the piston, and the lubricant in the pipeline enters the space between the first sliding portion and the first sliding rail through the channel for lubrication; the lubricating component also comprises a shaft lever, a first gear, a second gear, a ratchet wheel, a pawl, a second rack and a third rack, wherein the shaft lever is rotationally connected to the cross beam, the axial direction of the shaft lever is horizontal and vertical to the horizontal sliding direction of the cross beam, the first gear is rotationally arranged on the cross beam, the shaft lever movably penetrates through the center of the first gear, the second gear is rotationally and fixedly connected to the shaft lever, the second gear and the first gear are coaxial, the ratchet wheel is coaxially embedded on the first gear, the ratchet wheel is fixedly connected with the first gear, the pawl is elastically hinged on the shaft lever, the pawl is matched with the ratchet wheel, the first gear is meshed with the second rack, the second rack is slidably arranged on the cross beam, the sliding direction is parallel to the horizontal sliding direction of the cross beam, one end of the second rack is fixedly connected with the piston through a connecting rod, the pipe body is fixedly connected to the cross beam, the second gear is meshed and matched with the third rack, the bottom of the third rack is fixedly connected with the second sliding portion, when the second sliding portion and the second slide rail are switched to the first station from the second station, the second sliding portion drives the third rack to vertically move upwards, the cross beam drives the second gear to vertically move downwards through the shaft lever, so that the second gear is meshed and matched with the third rack, the second gear and the shaft lever rotate anticlockwise, the shaft lever drives the pawl to synchronously move, the pawl is clamped into a tooth space of the ratchet to drive the ratchet to rotate anticlockwise, the ratchet drives the first gear to rotate anticlockwise, the first gear drives the second rack meshed with the first gear to slide leftwards, the piston slides, and the lubricant is pumped into the space between the first sliding portion and the first slide rail through the pipeline and the channel; switch to the in-process of second station by first station between second sliding part and the second slide rail, the second sliding part drives the vertical downstream of third rack, transversely drive the vertical upward movement of second gear through the axostylus axostyle, the third rack drives the second gear clockwise who meshes with it, the second gear drives the axle lever clockwise, the axostylus axostyle drives pawl synchronous motion, the elastic rotation of overcoming torsional spring elasticity takes place for the pawl, thereby make the tooth's socket of pawl slip ratchet, the pawl can't order about ratchet rotation, the axostylus axostyle idle running, the ratchet, first gear all does not take place to rotate, the relative crossbeam of second rack does not take place to slide yet, the piston just can not slide relative body yet.
2. The rail-changing gantry machining center according to claim 1, wherein the first rack is vertically slidably disposed on the side legs, and the first rack is horizontally slidably connected with the cross beam;
in the process of switching between the first station and the second station, the first rack moves synchronously along with the cross beam in the vertical direction, so that the first rack and the two driving gears are always completely meshed.
3. The rail-changing gantry machining center of claim 2, wherein a plurality of vertical first through holes are formed in the first rack, a plurality of slide piles are screwed on the side legs, and the slide piles are slidably inserted into the first through holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
4. The rail-changing gantry machining center according to claim 1, wherein the first slide rail is provided with a plurality of second through holes, the second through holes comprise a first section and a second section which are communicated with each other, and the inner diameter of the first section is larger than that of the first section;
the bolt is characterized by further comprising a plurality of first bolts, each first bolt corresponds to each second through hole one to one, a screw rod of each first bolt sequentially penetrates through a first section and a second section of the corresponding second through hole to be connected with the side leg in a threaded mode, a nut of each first bolt is located in the first section, and the lower end face of the nut of each first bolt is in butt joint with the bottom of the first section.
5. The rail-changing gantry machining center of claim 4, wherein a second section of each second through hole is filled with a paste-like lubricant.
6. The rail-changing gantry machining center of claim 1, wherein the number of the side legs is two and the side legs are parallel and aligned with each other, and both ends of the cross beam are slidably engaged with one of the side legs.
7. The rail-changing gantry machining center of claim 6, wherein the cross beam comprises two side beams arranged in parallel, and a connecting plate is fixedly connected between the two side beams.
8. The rail-changing gantry machining center of claim 1, wherein each side leg is fixedly provided with two parallel first sliding rails, one end of the cross bar is fixedly provided with two groups of first sliding parts, and the two groups of first sliding parts are in one-to-one corresponding sliding fit with the two first sliding rails.
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