CN1152969C - Process for preparing particle reinforced Mg-base composite - Google Patents
Process for preparing particle reinforced Mg-base composite Download PDFInfo
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- CN1152969C CN1152969C CNB021091021A CN02109102A CN1152969C CN 1152969 C CN1152969 C CN 1152969C CN B021091021 A CNB021091021 A CN B021091021A CN 02109102 A CN02109102 A CN 02109102A CN 1152969 C CN1152969 C CN 1152969C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a technology for preparing metal base composite materials, particularly to a technology for preparing Mg-base composite materials. The present invention provides a method for preparing particle reinforced Mg-base composite materials; the method has the advantages of simple technology, low cost, easy mass commercial production, and favorable combination properties. The method comprises the technical scheme that reaction precast blocks generate self-spreading synthesizing reaction in vacuum or under the protection of inert gases so that TiC reinforced particles are generated in the original position in metallic aluminium; the reaction products of the self-spreading synthesizing reaction are put in a magnesium alloy fused mass to be dissolved and diffused, the reaction products are cast after being fully stirred, and thereby, particle reinforced Mg-base composite materials are prepared. The technology comprises the following steps: the reaction precast blocks are prepared, reinforced particles are synthesized by the self-spreading synthesizing reaction at high temperature, the reaction products of the self-spreading synthesizing reaction are dissolved and diffused in a magnesium alloy base substance, and the reinforced particles are dispersed and distributed in the magnesium alloy base substance by a fused mass stirring technology.
Description
Technical field: the present invention relates to the preparation technology of metal-base composites, particularly relate to the preparation technology of remelting wild phase preparing carriers magnesium base composite material.
Background technology: metal-base composites more and more receives the concern of automobile and aerospace field at present owing to have excellent comprehensive performances such as high specific strength, high ratio modulus, hardness height, wear resistance and resistance to elevated temperatures are good.Up to now, the enhancing mode of magnesium base composite material mainly contain that continuous fibre (as carbon fiber, graphite fibre etc.) strengthens and discontinuous fiber (as SiCw whisker and SiC, B
4Particles such as C) strengthen two kinds.Because the fiber reinforcement complex process, the cost height, poor with the matrix wettability, and continuous fibre strengthens shortcomings such as machining property difference, limited the promotion and application of fiber reinforced magnesium base composite material greatly, is difficult to accomplish scale production.
Add particle and strengthen mode, because adding particle surface is subjected to severe contamination, therefore poor with the matrix wettability, cause the interface of enhanced granule and matrix bad, a series of problems such as surface reaction take place, and particle is generally all thicker, is easy to poly-partially, be distributed in crystal boundary, thereby reinforced effects is undesirable.
The preparation method of particles reiforced metal-base composition has XD method, contact reaction method.The master operation of XD method (United States Patent (USP), U.S.Patent No.4710348) is: join powder-mixed powder-compression moulding-vacuum stripping-pyroreaction sintering-extruding or casting-matrix material.This method can be regarded two stages as: the fs is that the pyroreaction of enhanced granule generates, and subordinate phase is gone for the enhanced granule disperse is distributed in the metallic matrix.At present, the XD method is mainly used to make matrix materials such as particle reinforced aluminium-based, titanium base and zinc-base.(Chinese patent, the patent No.: master operation 93104814) is contact reaction method: join powder-mixed powder-compression moulding-prefabricated section and add alloy melt-casting.Contact reaction method makes the particle wild phase generate at matrix melt internal reaction, has simplified technology.But the heat of keeping is diffused in the metallic matrix strongly because the self propagating high temperature building-up reactions that original position generates enhanced granule in the metallic matrix melt is rely, and makes the self propagating high temperature building-up reactions carry out not thoroughly, even is difficult to keep down.During this method operation higher technique is arranged, technology is difficult to grasp during actual production.Directly contact reaction method is mainly used to make aluminium base, Zinc-base compounded material.
XD method and contact reaction method all be not used to prepare the in-situ endogenic particle reinforced magnesium base compound material.At present,, only add particle reinforced magnesium base compound material, do not see as yet, subsequently its dissolving is diffused into the report of preparation particle reinforced magnesium base compound material in the magnesium liquid by the synthetic enhanced granule of self-propagating reaction for particle reinforced magnesium base compound material.
Technology contents: in order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming that prior art exists, it is simple relatively to the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of technology, and cost is low, is easy to the preparation method of the particle reinforced magnesium base compound material with good over-all properties of mass-producing commercial production.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: reaction prefabricated block issues to be conigenous in vacuum or protection of inert gas and spreads building-up reactions; make TiC enhanced granule original position in metallic aluminium generate; again self-propagating reaction product is put into magnesium alloy fused mass and dissolve diffusion; fully stir the back cast; thereby prepare particle reinforced magnesium base compound material; its technological process comprises that preparation, the self-propagating reaction generation of enhanced granule, dissolving diffusion and the disperse of enhanced granule in magnesium alloy substrate of reaction prefabricated block distribute, and concrete steps are as follows:
The preparation process of reaction prefabricated block:
A. prefabricated section is formed: prefabricated section is by Al, C and the Ti powder constituent of size range at 50nm～100 μ m, Al powder content: weight ratio 5%～80%; C: Ti=0.8～1.2 (atomic ratio);
B. batch mixing: the above-mentioned powder for preparing is packed in the ball mill, and ball milling 4～48 hours mixes;
C. compression moulding: the powder that mixes is put into mould, at room temperature reaction prefabricated block is pressed into 55～95% of theoretical density;
The preparation process of enhanced granule:
Reaction prefabricated block put into vacuum or the heating unit of protection of inert gas atmosphere is arranged, be heated to 600～900 ℃ with the heating rate of 5～40 ℃/min, the initiation reaction product is the self propagating high temperature building-up reactions of TiC enhanced granule and metallic aluminium;
Dissolving diffusion and the melt stirring technique of self-propagating reaction product in magnesium alloy substrate:
A. the melting of matrix alloy: the crucible heating of the matrix alloy of an amount of pure magnesium or magnesium alloy will be housed, can adopt protection solvent or shielding gas to protect, melt temperature remains on 660～820 ℃;
As: for preventing the burning of magnesium alloy in the fusion process, can adopt the mixing halogen of NaCl, KCl and MgCl to be protected, also can adopt argon gas to carry out gas shield, or adopt the SF that forms according to a certain ratio as solvent
6, CO
2Protect with the fuel-air mixture compression body, melt temperature remains on 660～820 ℃.
B. the dissolving of self-propagating reaction product diffusion: the amount that calculates the self-propagating reaction product that contains corresponding TiC enhanced granule content by 1～30% weight ratio TiCp/Mg, this self-propagating reaction product is put into 660～820 ℃ magnesium alloy fused mass, treat to stir after its dissolving diffusion;
C. melt stirring technique: whipping temp is chosen in 660～750 ℃; Churning time is chosen in 10～45min; Stirring velocity is chosen in 300～900rpm.After making the enhanced granule even dispersion be distributed in magnesium alloy fused mass, stirring casts.
D. pour into a mould particle reinforced magnesium base compound material after the refining degasification.
In the reaction prefabricated block preparation process, its optimal components proportioning is: Al content: weight ratio 20%～60%; C: Ti=1.0 (atomic ratio), powder size is 50nm～44 μ m.
Need ball milling to mix during batch mixing 4～24 hours.
Best theoretical density during powder pressing forming is 75～85%.
The present invention compares with present existing technology has following outstanding advantage:
1) technology is simple relatively, and is with low cost, is easy to apply on producing.The invention is characterized in that enhanced granule generates in metallic aluminium through the self propagating high temperature building-up reactions, process stabilizing is reliable.Enhanced granule is tiny, and surface clean is pollution-free, and is good with the wettability of matrix, thereby combines well with basal body interface, thereby improved the over-all properties of matrix material.Overcome and added the easily oxidation stain of enhanced granule surface, with the wettability difference of matrix and particle is generally all thicker and skewness, easily gathered in problems such as crystal boundaries partially.Be different from direct contact reaction method again, because enhanced granule is introduced with the self-propagating reaction product form, it has overcome self propagating high temperature building-up reactions that in metallic matrix melt original position the generates enhanced granule heat of keeping of relying and has been diffused in the metallic matrix strongly, make the self propagating high temperature building-up reactions carry out not thoroughly, even be difficult to keep down and technology skill is difficult to shortcomings such as grasp by force.Metallic aluminium in the self-propagating reaction product is again the main strengthening element of magnesium alloy, bigger solid solubility is arranged in magnesium, therefore self-propagating reaction product is easy to the dissolving diffusion, and enhanced granule is reacted generation through self-propagating reaction in metallic aluminium, good with the matrix wettability, fully stir the back and in matrix, be evenly distributed, reinforced effects is remarkable, improve the mechanical property of matrix material greatly, seen Table 1.
The mechanical property of table 1 magnesium alloy and particle reinforced magnesium base compound material
Composite material tensile strength σ
b(Mpa) yield strength σ
0.2(Mpa) unit elongation (%)
ZM5 230 - 2.0
AZ91D 160 - 3.0
TiC (3% weight ratio)/ZM5 260 160 6.0
TiC (5% weight ratio)/AZ91D 240 140 5.0
Annotate: adopt die cast.
2) significantly improved casting quality.Existingly add the method that enhanced granule prepares particle reinforced magnesium base compound material, because its easily oxidation stain of enhanced granule surface, poor with the matrix wettability, can not use the refining agent degasifier to carry out abundant refining degasification during melting, be taken together with molten slag and bubble to prevent enhanced granule.Enhanced granule among the present invention generates in metallic aluminium through self-propagating reaction, good with the matrix wettability, therefore can carry out once or repeatedly refining alloy liquid with various refining agents, degasifier, the quality of foundry goods is improved greatly, can satisfy the requirement of new high-tech product.
3) the enhanced granule size that makes of the inventive method is between 0.1 μ m～3 μ m, generally about 1 μ m, and tiny, the rounding of particle, for subsphaeroidal, surface clean, good with the matrix wettability, the interface has significantly improved the particulate strengthening effect in conjunction with good.
4) enhanced granule in the particle reinforced magnesium base compound material of the inventive method preparation is evenly distributed in matrix, and major part is distributed in intracrystalline, is difficult for producing segregation, and can carries out repeatedly remelting.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 (a) TiC (50% weight ratio)/Al self-propagating reaction product microstructure (SEM)
Fig. 1 (b) TiC (50% weight ratio)/Al self-propagating reaction product XRD figure
Fig. 2 (a) TiC (10% weight ratio)/Mg matrix material microstructure (SEM)
Fig. 2 (b) TiC (10% weight ratio)/Mg matrix material power spectrum
Fig. 3 TiC (3% weight ratio)/ZM5 matrix material microstructure (SEM)
Fig. 4 TiC (20% weight ratio)/AZ91D matrix material microstructure (SEM)
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1
Produce TiC (20% weight ratio)/AZ91D matrix material
Get Al powder (29 μ m, 99.8%), Ti powder (25 μ m, 99.5%), carbon dust (50nm, 99.0%), the matrix magnesium alloy is an AZ91D diecast magnesium alloy ingot casting.Above three kinds of powder are pressed C: Ti=1.0 (atomic ratio), Al content: the ratio of 30% weight ratio, mix 24h in the drum-type small grinder, be pressed into the cylinder shape reaction prefabricated block of φ 55 * 20 then on 20 tons of pressing machinees, the pressed compact compact rate of molding is 75% of a theoretical density.Reaction prefabricated block is placed in the heating under vacuum device, heating rate with 30 ℃/min is warming up to 800 ℃, cause the self propagating high temperature building-up reactions, product is TiC enhanced granule and metallic aluminium, the self-propagating reaction product that subsequently this is contained corresponding TiC granule content adds to be had in 780 ℃ the AZ91D liquid magnesium alloy of flux protection, treat fully to stir after the self-propagating reaction product fusion diffusion, whipping temp is 750 ℃; Churning time is 15min; Stirring velocity is 350rpm.After treating that the enhanced granule even dispersion is distributed in magnesium alloy fused mass, the refining degasification pours in the metal mold when melt temperature is 750 ℃ at last, makes particle reinforced magnesium base compound material, its tensile strength sigma b 〉=240MPa.
Embodiment 2,
Produce TiC (3% weight ratio)/ZM5 matrix material
Get Al powder (29 μ m, 99.8%), Ti powder (25 μ m, 99.5%), carbon dust (50nm, 99.0%), the matrix magnesium alloy is the ZM5 cast magnesium alloys.Above three kinds of powder are pressed C: Ti=1.0 (atomic ratio), the ratio of Al content 60% weight ratio, mix 24h in the drum-type small grinder, be pressed into the cylinder shape reaction prefabricated block of φ 55 * 20 then on 20 tons of pressing machinees, the pressed compact compact rate of molding is 85% of a theoretical density.Reaction prefabricated block is placed in the heating under vacuum pressurizing device, heating rate with 40 ℃/min is warming up to 800 ℃, cause the self propagating high temperature building-up reactions, product is TiC enhanced granule and metallic aluminium, the self-propagating reaction product that subsequently this is contained corresponding TiC granule content adds to be had in 750 ℃ the ZM5 liquid magnesium alloy of flux protection, treat fully to stir after the self-propagating reaction product fusion diffusion, whipping temp is 720 ℃; Churning time is 40min; Stirring velocity is 850rpm.After treating that the enhanced granule even dispersion is distributed in magnesium alloy fused mass, the refining degasification pours in the metal mold when melt temperature is 720 ℃ at last, makes particle reinforced magnesium base compound material.
Embodiment 3
Produce TiC (10% weight ratio)/Mg matrix material
Get Al powder (29 μ m, 99.8%), Ti powder (25 μ m, 99.5%), carbon dust (50nm, 99.0%), the matrix magnesium alloy is pure magnesium ingot casting of industry.Above three kinds of powder are pressed C: Ti=1.0 (atomic ratio), the ratio of Al content 45% weight ratio, mix 24h in the drum-type small grinder, be pressed into the cylinder shape reaction prefabricated block of φ 55 * 20 then on 20 tons of pressing machinees, the pressed compact compact rate of molding is 80% of a theoretical density.Reaction prefabricated block is placed in the heating under vacuum pressurizing device, heating rate with 20 ℃/min is warming up to 800 ℃, cause the self propagating high temperature building-up reactions, product is TiC enhanced granule and metallic aluminium, the self-propagating reaction product that subsequently this is contained corresponding TiC granule content adds to be had in 800 ℃ the pure magnesium liquid of flux protection, treat fully to stir after the self-propagating reaction product fusion diffusion, whipping temp is 750 ℃; Churning time is 30min; Stirring velocity is 500rpm.After treating that the enhanced granule even dispersion is distributed in magnesium alloy fused mass, the refining degasification pours in the metal mold when melt temperature is 700 ℃ at last, makes particle reinforced magnesium base compound material.
Claims (4)
1. the method for remelting wild phase preparing carriers particle reinforced magnesium base compound material, it is characterized in that technological process comprises that preparation, the self-propagating reaction generation of enhanced granule, dissolving diffusion and the disperse of enhanced granule in magnesium alloy substrate of reaction prefabricated block distribute, concrete steps are as follows:
The preparation process of reaction prefabricated block:
A. prefabricated section is formed: prefabricated section is by Al, C and the Ti powder constituent of size range at 50nm～100 μ m, and the weight ratio of Al powder content is 5%～80%; C: Ti=0.8～1.2 (atomic ratio);
B. batch mixing: the above-mentioned powder for preparing is packed in the ball mill, and ball milling 4～48 hours mixes;
C. compression moulding: the powder that mixes is put into mould, at room temperature reaction prefabricated block is pressed into 55～95% of theoretical density;
The preparation process of enhanced granule:
Reaction prefabricated block put into vacuum or the heating unit of protection of inert gas atmosphere is arranged, be heated to 600～900 ℃ with the heating rate of 5～40 ℃/min, the initiation reaction product is the self propagating high temperature building-up reactions of TiC enhanced granule and metallic aluminium;
Dissolving diffusion and the melt stirring technique of enhanced granule in magnesium alloy substrate:
A. the melting of matrix alloy: the crucible heating of the matrix alloy of an amount of pure magnesium or magnesium alloy will be housed, can adopt protection solvent or shielding gas to protect, melt temperature remains on 660～820 ℃;
B. the dissolving of enhanced granule diffusion: the amount that calculates the self-propagating reaction product that contains corresponding TiC enhanced granule content by 1～30 weight ratio TiCp/Mg, this self-propagating reaction product is put into 660～820 ℃ magnesium alloy fused mass, treat to stir after its dissolving diffusion;
C. melt stirring technique: whipping temp is chosen in 660～750 ℃; Churning time is chosen in 10～45min; Stirring velocity is chosen in 300～900rpm.After making the enhanced granule even dispersion be distributed in magnesium alloy fused mass, stirring casts;
D. pour into a mould particle reinforced magnesium base compound material after the refining degasification.
2. the method for remelting wild phase preparing carriers particle reinforced magnesium base compound material according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the reaction prefabricated block preparation process, its composition proportion is: Al content: weight ratio 20%～60%; C: Ti=1.0 (atomic ratio), powder size is 50nm～44 μ m.
3. the method for remelting wild phase preparing carriers particle reinforced magnesium base compound material according to claim 1 is characterized in that, needs ball milling to mix during batch mixing 4～24 hours.
4. the method for remelting wild phase preparing carriers particle reinforced magnesium base compound material according to claim 1 is characterized in that the theoretical density during powder pressing forming is 75～85%.
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Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1298879C (en) * | 2004-02-19 | 2007-02-07 | 上海交通大学 | Process of preparing composite material with in situ particle inhancing magnesium base |
| CN1312308C (en) * | 2004-05-24 | 2007-04-25 | 西安工业学院 | Method for preparing discontinuous reinforced magnesium-base composite material by solid-liquid normal positioning reactor |
| CN101161374B (en) * | 2007-11-27 | 2010-08-11 | 吉林大学 | Reactant composition for preparing multiple phase confusion TiB2-TiC ceramic particle gradient enhancement metal-based complex material |
| BE1018129A3 (en) * | 2008-09-19 | 2010-05-04 | Magotteaux Int | COMPOSITE IMPACTOR FOR PERCUSSION CRUSHERS. |
| CN101851716B (en) * | 2010-06-14 | 2014-07-09 | 清华大学 | Magnesium base composite material and preparation method thereof, and application thereof in sounding device |
| CN101956118A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-01-26 | 大连理工大学 | Preparation method of magnesium-based composite material containing various in-situ enhancing particles of rare earth |
| CN107385252A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-11-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of Ti dispersion-strengthernings Ultra-fine Grained high-strength magnesium alloy |
| CN107838219B (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2019-04-16 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of particle reinforced Mg-base composite plate |
| CN108004423A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-08 | 于海松 | The synthesis technique of high-performance magnesium base alloy |
| CN108004446A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-05-08 | 于海松 | The synthesis technique of high-ductility magnesium tin alloy |
| CN108425028B (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2019-08-02 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of no Al3The preparation method of Ti phase Al-Ti-C intermediate alloy |
| CN113005317A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-06-22 | 山东省科学院新材料研究所 | High-thermal-stability magnesium alloy with mixed crystal structure and controllable preparation method and application |
| CN113106277B (en) * | 2021-04-10 | 2022-03-01 | 中北大学 | Preparation method of magnesium-zinc-yttrium quasicrystal and titanium carbide synergistically reinforced magnesium matrix composite |
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