CN115296350A - Control method of new energy power supply system and power supply system - Google Patents

Control method of new energy power supply system and power supply system Download PDF

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CN115296350A
CN115296350A CN202210983134.4A CN202210983134A CN115296350A CN 115296350 A CN115296350 A CN 115296350A CN 202210983134 A CN202210983134 A CN 202210983134A CN 115296350 A CN115296350 A CN 115296350A
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power
internal potential
grid
active
virtual
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黄天罡
夏彦辉
黄畅想
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Sungrow Shanghai Co Ltd
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Sungrow Shanghai Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
    • H02J15/008—Systems for storing electric energy using hydrogen as energy vector
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
    • H02J3/241—The oscillation concerning frequency
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/50—Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/30—The power source being a fuel cell
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses a control method of a new energy power supply system and the power supply system, and the method comprises the following steps: the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is used as a virtual motor, the fuel cell is used as a virtual synchronous machine, and the first mechanical power of the virtual motor and/or the second mechanical power of the virtual synchronous machine are/is obtained according to the power grid frequency and the active power reference value; obtaining a first internal potential phase angle of the virtual motor according to the active power of the power grid and the first mechanical power, and/or obtaining a second internal potential phase angle of the virtual synchronous machine according to the active power of the power grid and the second mechanical power; obtaining a first internal potential amplitude of the virtual motor and/or a second internal potential amplitude of the virtual synchronous machine according to the reactive power and the voltage of the power grid; the input electrical parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device are controlled according to the first internal potential amplitude and the first internal potential phase angle, and/or the output electrical parameters of the fuel cell are controlled according to the second internal potential amplitude and the second internal potential phase angle, so that the frequency and the voltage of the power grid can be balanced.

Description

Control method of new energy power supply system and power supply system
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of new energy, in particular to a control method of a new energy power supply system and the power supply system.
Background
The hydrogen production by water electrolysis of renewable energy sources is an efficient, mature and clean hydrogen production mode, and the prior art generally focuses on the research on the characteristics of a power supply side, such as the influence of randomness and fluctuation of wind power and photovoltaic on the hydrogen production by water electrolysis, but ignores the influence of a water electrolysis hydrogen production link as a flexible load on the characteristics of a network side.
For example, the production of hydrogen by electrolyzing water may affect the frequency or voltage of the power grid, and the unreasonable control will affect the service life of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device.
In addition, a hydrogen fuel cell is a power generation device that directly converts chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electric energy, and the basic principle thereof is a reverse reaction of electrolysis water, in which hydrogen and oxygen are supplied to an anode and a cathode, respectively, and the hydrogen diffuses outward through the anode and reacts with an electrolyte, and then emits electrons to the cathode through an external load. The frequency or voltage of the grid may also be affected when the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the grid.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides a control method of a new energy power supply system and the power supply system, which can control an electrolyzed water hydrogen production device and/or a hydrogen fuel cell to balance the frequency and the voltage of a power grid.
The application provides a control method of a new energy power supply system, the new energy power supply system comprises a water electrolysis hydrogen production device and/or a fuel cell, the new energy power supply system is connected in a grid-connected mode, and the control method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that a water electrolysis hydrogen production device is used as a virtual motor, and/or a fuel cell is used as a virtual synchronous machine, and first mechanical power of the virtual motor is obtained according to the power grid frequency and an active power reference value, and/or second mechanical power of the virtual synchronous machine is obtained according to the power grid frequency and the active power reference value;
obtaining a first internal potential phase angle of the virtual motor according to the active power of the power grid and the first mechanical power, and/or obtaining a second internal potential phase angle of the virtual synchronous machine according to the active power of the power grid and the second mechanical power;
obtaining a first internal potential amplitude of the virtual motor according to the reactive power of the power grid and the voltage of the power grid, and/or obtaining a second internal potential amplitude of the virtual synchronous machine according to the reactive power of the power grid and the voltage of the power grid;
controlling an input electrical parameter of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to the first internal potential amplitude and the first internal potential phase angle, and/or controlling an output electrical parameter of the fuel cell according to the second internal potential amplitude and the second internal potential phase angle, wherein the electrical parameter comprises at least one of the following parameters: voltage, current, or power.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: and obtaining the power grid frequency according to the power grid voltage and the power grid current based on a sine tracking algorithm.
Preferably, obtaining the first mechanical power of the virtual motor from the grid frequency and the active power reference value, and/or obtaining the second mechanical power of the virtual synchronous machine from the grid frequency and the active power reference value comprises:
and/or obtaining second mechanical power based on the active-frequency droop control according to the power grid frequency and the active power reference value, wherein when the first mechanical power is obtained, the value of a preset active droop proportionality coefficient in the active-frequency droop control is smaller than 0, and when the second mechanical power is obtained, the value of the preset active droop proportionality coefficient in the active-frequency droop control is larger than 0.
Preferably, obtaining the first internal potential phase angle of the virtual motor from the grid active power and the first mechanical power comprises:
a first internal potential phase angle of the virtual motor is obtained based on a rotor motion equation of the motor according to the active power of the power grid and the first mechanical power.
Preferably, obtaining a second internal potential phase angle of the virtual synchronous machine according to the grid active power and the second mechanical power includes:
and obtaining a second internal potential phase angle of the virtual synchronous machine based on a rotor motion equation of the synchronous machine according to the active power and the second mechanical power of the power grid.
Preferably, obtaining a first internal potential amplitude of the virtual motor from the grid reactive power and the grid voltage, and/or obtaining a second internal potential amplitude of the virtual synchronous machine from the grid reactive power and the grid voltage comprises:
the first internal potential amplitude and/or the second internal potential amplitude is/are obtained based on reactive-voltage droop control according to the reactive power and the voltage of the power grid.
Preferably, the input electrical parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device are controlled according to the first internal potential amplitude and the first internal potential phase angle, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
generating a PWM driving signal of a switching tube in the water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to the first internal potential amplitude and the first internal potential phase angle, wherein the PWM driving signal is used for controlling the on-off of the switching tube to control the input electrical parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device;
controlling the output electrical parameter of the fuel cell according to the second internal potential amplitude value and the second internal potential phase angle, and concretely comprises the following steps:
and generating a PWM driving signal of a switching tube in the water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to the second internal potential amplitude and the second internal potential phase angle, wherein the PWM driving signal is used for controlling the on-off of the switching tube to control the output electrical parameters of the fuel cell.
The application provides a new forms of energy electrical power generating system, new forms of energy electrical power generating system contain electrolytic water hydrogen plant, and/or, fuel cell, and new forms of energy electrical power generating system is incorporated into the power networks and is connected, include: a converter and a controller;
the first end of the converter is connected with a power grid, and the second end of the converter is connected with new energy;
the controller is used for taking the water electrolysis hydrogen production device as a virtual motor, and/or taking the fuel cell as a virtual synchronous machine, and obtaining first mechanical power of the virtual motor according to the power grid frequency and the active power reference value, and/or obtaining second mechanical power of the virtual synchronous machine according to the power grid frequency and the active power reference value; obtaining a first internal potential phase angle of the virtual motor according to the active power of the power grid and the first mechanical power, and/or obtaining a second internal potential phase angle of the virtual synchronous machine according to the active power of the power grid and the second mechanical power; obtaining a first internal potential amplitude of the virtual motor according to the reactive power of the power grid and the voltage of the power grid, and/or obtaining a second internal potential amplitude of the virtual synchronous machine according to the reactive power of the power grid and the voltage of the power grid; controlling an input electrical parameter of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to the first internal potential amplitude and the first internal potential phase angle, and/or controlling an output electrical parameter of the fuel cell according to the second internal potential amplitude and the second internal potential phase angle, wherein the electrical parameter comprises at least one of the following parameters: voltage, current, or power.
Preferably, the controller, in particular for deriving a first mechanical power of the virtual motor from the grid frequency and the active power reference value, and/or a second mechanical power of the virtual synchronous machine from the grid frequency and the active power reference value, comprises:
and obtaining first mechanical power based on the active-frequency droop control according to the power grid frequency and the active power reference value, and/or obtaining second mechanical power based on the active-frequency droop control according to the power grid frequency and the active power reference value, wherein when the first mechanical power is obtained, the value of a preset active droop proportional coefficient in the active-frequency droop control is smaller than 0, and when the second mechanical power is obtained, the value of the preset active droop proportional coefficient in the active-frequency droop control is larger than 0.
Preferably, the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is used as a virtual motor, and the controller is specifically used for obtaining a first internal potential phase angle of the virtual motor according to the active power of the power grid and the first mechanical power, and comprises:
a first internal potential phase angle of the virtual motor is obtained based on a rotor motion equation of the motor according to the active power of the power grid and the first mechanical power.
Preferably, the fuel cell is used as a virtual synchronous machine, and the controller is specifically configured to obtain a second internal potential phase angle of the virtual synchronous machine according to the grid active power and the second mechanical power, and includes:
and obtaining a second internal potential phase angle of the virtual synchronous machine based on a rotor motion equation of the synchronous machine according to the active power and the second mechanical power of the power grid.
Preferably, the controller, in particular for obtaining a first internal potential amplitude of the virtual motor from the grid reactive power and the grid voltage and/or obtaining a second internal potential amplitude of the virtual synchronous machine from the grid reactive power and the grid voltage, comprises:
the first internal potential amplitude and/or the second internal potential amplitude is/are obtained based on reactive-voltage droop control according to the reactive power and the voltage of the power grid.
Therefore, the technical scheme provided by the application has the following beneficial effects:
the new energy power supply system comprises a converter, the converter comprises a controllable switch tube, and the controllable switch tube in the converter is controlled according to an internal potential phase angle and an internal potential amplitude obtained by a virtual motor or a virtual synchronous machine, so that the virtual motor or the virtual synchronous machine can provide virtual inertia and virtual damping for a power grid. Because the internal potential phase angle and the internal potential amplitude are obtained according to the voltage, the current and the frequency of the power grid, the internal potential phase angle and the internal potential amplitude can reflect the real-time state of the power grid, so that the converter is controlled according to the internal potential phase angle and the internal potential amplitude, and the voltage and frequency fluctuation of the power grid can be effectively inhibited.
The technical scheme provided by the application is applied to the field of new energy, and can be used in a water electrolysis hydrogen production scene or a fuel cell scene. The system for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water or the fuel cell comprises a converter, wherein the system for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water takes the hydrogen by electrolyzing water as a virtual motor, and takes the fuel cell as a virtual synchronous machine. The virtual motor or the virtual synchronous machine can provide virtual inertia and virtual damping for the power grid, so that the fluctuation of the frequency and the voltage of the power grid is restrained, and the service life of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a new energy power supply system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of another new energy power supply system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of another new energy power supply system provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a control method of a new energy power supply system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a control method for hydrogen production by water electrolysis according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a control method of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a new energy power supply system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying figures and detailed description thereof are described in further detail below.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application is applied to the field of new energy, for example, a water electrolysis hydrogen production scene or a fuel cell scene can be realized. The system for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water or the fuel cell comprises a converter, wherein the system for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water is used as a virtual motor, and the fuel cell is used as a virtual synchronous machine. The virtual motor or the virtual synchronous machine can provide virtual inertia and virtual damping for the power grid, so that the fluctuation of the frequency and the voltage of the power grid is restrained, and the service life of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is prolonged. Because the essence of the voltage and frequency fluctuation of the power grid is that the active power and the reactive power are injected and consumed, the active power and the reactive power injected into the power grid (a virtual synchronous machine) can be changed by changing the amplitude value and the phase angle of the internal potential, or the active power and the reactive power absorbed from the power grid (a virtual motor) can be changed, so that the voltage and frequency fluctuation of the power grid can be restrained.
The converter comprises a controllable switch tube, and the controllable switch tube in the converter is controlled according to an internal potential phase angle and an internal potential amplitude obtained by the virtual motor or the virtual synchronous machine, so that the virtual motor or the virtual synchronous machine can provide virtual inertia and virtual damping for a power grid.
A new energy power supply system for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water is introduced below.
Referring to fig. 1, the figure is a schematic view of a new energy power supply system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
The AC/DC converter 100 is used to convert the AC power of the power grid into DC power to power the hydrogen production apparatus 200, wherein the controller 300 controls the on/off state of the controllable switch in the AC/DC converter 100, for example, the controller 300 sends a PWM driving signal to the controllable switch in the AC/DC converter 100.
In order to provide virtual inertia and virtual damping for the power grid, the controller 300 controls the AC/DC converter 100 to use the electrolyzed water hydrogen production apparatus 200 as a virtual motor.
The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the electric energy source of the power grid, for example, the electric energy source may be derived from wind power, and refer to fig. 2, which is a schematic diagram of another new energy power supply system provided in the embodiment of the present application.
The wind turbine of fig. 2 supplies AC power to the AC/DC converter 100 via an AC/AC converter 300.
It should be understood that the hydrogen production by water electrolysis can also be applied to photovoltaic power generation, energy storage, water conservancy power generation and other scenes, and the application is not limited in particular.
Referring to fig. 3, the figure is a schematic view of another new energy power supply system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
In this embodiment, the new energy power supply system includes the hydrogen fuel cell 10 as an example, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell 10 outputs direct current, and the DC/AC converter 20 converts the direct current into alternating current to supply to the power grid.
The controller 30 controls the controllable switching tubes in the DC/AC converter 20 so that the hydrogen fuel cell 10 acts as a virtual synchronous machine to provide virtual inertia and virtual damping to the grid, thereby suppressing the grid frequency and voltage fluctuations.
Referring to fig. 4, the figure is a flowchart of a control method of a new energy power supply system according to an embodiment of the present application.
The control method of the new energy power supply system provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s401: the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is used as a virtual motor, and/or the fuel cell is used as a virtual synchronous machine, and first mechanical power of the virtual motor is obtained according to the power grid frequency and the active power reference value, and/or second mechanical power of the virtual synchronous machine is obtained according to the power grid frequency and the active power reference value;
obtaining mechanical power according to the power grid frequency and the active power reference value; when the new energy power supply system comprises the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is used as a virtual motor, and the mechanical power is the mechanical power of the virtual motor; when the new energy system comprises the fuel cell, the fuel cell is used as a virtual synchronous machine, and the mechanical power is the mechanical power of the virtual synchronous machine;
the power grid frequency can be used for detecting the voltage and the current of a power grid, and the power grid frequency is obtained based on a sine tracking algorithm according to the detected voltage and current.
The active power reference value is taken according to active power required or consumed by the new energy in the steady-state stage.
S402: obtaining a first internal potential phase angle of the virtual motor according to the active power of the power grid and the first mechanical power, and/or obtaining a second internal potential phase angle of the virtual synchronous machine according to the active power of the power grid and the second mechanical power;
the grid active power can be obtained according to the detected grid voltage and current.
S403: obtaining a first internal potential amplitude of the virtual motor according to the reactive power and the voltage of the power grid, and/or obtaining a second internal potential amplitude of the virtual synchronous machine according to the reactive power and the voltage of the power grid;
the reactive power of the power grid can be obtained according to the detected voltage and current of the power grid. For example, for a three-phase power grid, three-phase voltage and three-phase current can be obtained, and voltage U under a rotating coordinate system is obtained after park transformation d 、U q And current I d 、I q And obtaining the active power and the reactive power of the power grid according to the following formulas.
Figure BDA0003801001550000071
Figure BDA0003801001550000072
S404: controlling an input electrical parameter of said hydrogen plant based on said first internal potential magnitude and said first internal potential phase angle, and/or controlling an output electrical parameter of said fuel cell based on said second internal potential magnitude and said second internal potential phase angle, said electrical parameter comprising at least one of: voltage, current, or power.
The driving signal of a switch tube in the converter is generated according to the internal potential amplitude and the internal potential phase angle to control the on-off of the switch tube in the converter, so that the new energy connected with the converter is used as a virtual motor or a virtual synchronous machine to provide virtual inertia and virtual damping for a power grid, and the voltage fluctuation and the frequency fluctuation of the power grid are suppressed.
The water electrolysis hydrogen production scene is described first, and the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is used as a virtual motor.
Referring to fig. 5, the figure is a flowchart of a control method for hydrogen production by water electrolysis according to an embodiment of the present application.
The control method for hydrogen production by water electrolysis provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s501: and detecting the voltage and the current of the power grid, and acquiring the frequency of the power grid based on a sine tracking algorithm.
S502: and calculating the active power and the reactive power of the power grid according to the detected voltage and current of the power grid.
It should be understood that S502 is the real-time obtained grid active power and grid reactive power.
S503: obtaining a first mechanical power P based on an active-frequency droop control from a grid frequency and an active power reference value m Specifically, it is obtained by the following formula;
Figure BDA0003801001550000081
wherein, P ref Is an active power reference value; f. of ref For the rated frequency of the grid, the rated frequency of the grid being a fixed value, e.g. 50Hz or 60Hz, etc., f grid For the grid frequency, k, obtained based on a sinusoidal tracking algorithm f In order to preset active droop proportionality coefficient, k is used when the new energy power supply system comprises a water electrolysis hydrogen production device f If the value is less than 0, the value of a preset active droop proportional coefficient in the active-frequency droop control is less than 0 when the first mechanical power is obtained f May be set based on the results of the offline simulation.
S504: the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is used as a virtual motor, and a first internal potential phase angle delta of the virtual motor is obtained based on a rotor motion equation of the motor according to the active power of a power grid and the first mechanical power, and is specifically obtained through the following formula:
Figure BDA0003801001550000082
j is a predetermined virtual moment of inertia constant, P m Is the first mechanical power, D is the rotor damping coefficient, ω ref For nominal internal potential phase angle speed, P e And omega is the internal potential phase angle speed for the active power of the power grid.
Wherein the virtual moment of inertia and the damping may change a magnitude of the first internal potential phase angle.
S505: obtaining a first internal potential amplitude E according to the reactive power and the voltage of the power grid, specifically obtaining the first internal potential amplitude E based on reactive-voltage droop control according to the reactive power and the voltage of the power grid, specifically obtaining the first internal potential amplitude E through the following formula:
Figure BDA0003801001550000091
E 0 amplitude of electromotive force, k, for a virtual motor no-load qi Is the integral coefficient of reactive power, k qi ＞0，Q ref Is a reactive power reference value, Q is the reactive power of the power grid, k v Is a reactive voltage proportionality coefficient, k v ＞0，U ref And U is the grid voltage reference value, and is the grid voltage.
Wherein the internal potential amplitude E can pass through k qi And k v To change.
The above-listed formula is an improved implementation of the reactive-voltage droop control, i.e. an integral term and a proportional term are introduced on the basic reactive-voltage droop control, and besides, the following formula (which belongs to the basic reactive-voltage droop control) can be used: e = E 0 +(Q ref -Q)+(U ref -U), only an integral term or only a proportional term can be introduced on the basis of the above, and the examples of the present application are not particularly limited.
S506: controlling input electrical parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to the first internal potential phase angle and the first internal potential amplitude, wherein the input electrical parameters at least comprise one of the following parameters: voltage, current or power, for example, a PWM driving signal of a switching tube in the AC/DC converter is formed according to the first internal potential phase angle and the first internal potential amplitude, and the switching on and off of the switching tube in the AC/DC converter is controlled by the PWM driving signal, thereby controlling the input electrical parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production apparatus.
According to the control method provided by the embodiment of the application, the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device is used as a virtual motor, and the virtual motor can generate virtual inertia and virtual damping; and obtaining corresponding internal potential phase angle and internal potential amplitude according to the voltage, current and frequency of the power grid, and controlling an AC/DC converter corresponding to the virtual motor according to the internal potential phase angle and the internal potential amplitude, so that voltage fluctuation and frequency fluctuation of the power grid are suppressed. Because the internal potential phase angle and the internal potential amplitude are obtained according to the voltage, the circuit and the frequency of the power grid, the internal potential phase angle and the internal potential amplitude can reflect the real-time state of the power grid, so that the AC/DC converter is controlled according to the internal potential phase angle and the internal potential amplitude, and the voltage and frequency fluctuation of the power grid can be effectively inhibited.
In addition, the control method provided by the embodiment of the application can also prolong the service life of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, when the voltage frequency and the voltage of the power grid fluctuate, the input electrical parameters of the hydrogen production device fluctuate, and the fluctuating electrical parameters are not beneficial to the service life of the hydrogen production device, so that when the voltage and the frequency of the power grid fluctuate, the hydrogen production device adjusts the input electrical parameters during the operation according to the detected voltage and the frequency of the power grid, so that the frequency and the voltage fluctuation of the power grid are inhibited as much as possible, the input electrical parameters are self-adaptively adjusted to a point which enables the voltage and the frequency of the power grid to be stable, the input electrical parameters are stabilized, and the service life of the hydrogen production device is prolonged. The above-described hydrogen production scenario by water electrolysis is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the embodiment of the present application is not particularly limited to the type of fuel cell, and may be, for example, a hydrogen fuel cell.
Referring to fig. 6, the figure is a flowchart of a control method of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present application.
S601: and detecting the voltage and the current of the power grid, and acquiring the frequency of the power grid based on a sine tracking algorithm.
Since the sinusoidal tracking algorithm is mature, it will not be described in detail here.
S602: and calculating the active power and the reactive power of the power grid according to the detected voltage and current of the power grid.
It should be understood that S602 is the grid active power and the grid reactive power obtained in real time.
S603: obtaining a second mechanical power P based on an active-frequency droop control from the grid frequency and the active power reference value m Specifically, it is obtained by the following formula;
Figure BDA0003801001550000101
wherein, P ref Is an active power reference value; f. of ref For the rated frequency, f, of the grid grid For the grid frequency, k, obtained based on a sinusoidal tracking algorithm f K when the new energy system includes a fuel cell in order to preset the active droop proportionality coefficient f >0. Namely, when the second mechanical power is obtained, the value of a preset active droop proportional coefficient in the active-frequency droop control is larger than 0.
S604: the fuel cell is used as a virtual synchronous machine, and a second internal potential phase angle delta of the virtual synchronous machine is obtained based on a rotor motion equation of the synchronous machine according to the active power of a power grid and the second mechanical power, and is specifically obtained through the following formula:
Figure BDA0003801001550000102
j is a predetermined virtual moment of inertia constant, P m Is the second mechanical power, D is the rotor damping coefficient, omega ref For nominal internal potential phase angle speed, P e And omega is the phase angle speed of the internal potential, wherein the active power of the power grid is shown.
Wherein the virtual moment of inertia and the damping can change the magnitude of the second internal potential phase angle.
S605: obtaining a second internal potential amplitude according to the reactive power of the power grid and the voltage of the power grid, specifically obtaining the second internal potential amplitude E based on reactive-voltage droop control according to the reactive power of the power grid and the voltage of the power grid, and specifically obtaining the second internal potential amplitude E through the following formula:
Figure BDA0003801001550000111
E 0 amplitude of electromotive force, k, for no-load of virtual synchronous machine qi Is the integral coefficient of reactive power, k qi ＞0，Q ref Is a reactive power reference value, Q is the reactive power of the power grid, k v Is a reactive voltage proportionality coefficient, k v ＞0，U ref And U is the grid voltage reference value and is the grid voltage.
Wherein the internal potential amplitude E can pass through k qi And k v To change.
S606: controlling an output electrical parameter of the fuel cell based on the second internal potential phase angle and the second internal potential magnitude, the output electrical parameter including at least one of: and the voltage, the current or the power forms a PWM (pulse-width modulation) driving signal of a switching tube in the DC/AC converter according to the second internal potential phase angle and the second internal potential amplitude, and the on-off of the switching tube in the DC/AC converter is controlled by the PWM driving signal so as to control the output electrical parameters of the fuel cell.
According to the control method provided by the embodiment of the application, the fuel cell is used as the virtual synchronous machine, and the virtual synchronous machine can generate virtual inertia and virtual damping; and obtaining corresponding internal potential phase angle and internal potential amplitude according to the voltage, current and frequency of the power grid, and controlling a DC/AC converter corresponding to the virtual synchronous machine according to the internal potential phase angle and the internal potential amplitude, so that voltage fluctuation and frequency fluctuation of the power grid are suppressed. Because the internal potential phase angle and the internal potential amplitude are obtained according to the voltage, the circuit and the frequency of the power grid, the internal potential phase angle and the internal potential amplitude can reflect the real-time state of the power grid, so that the DC/AC converter is controlled according to the internal potential phase angle and the internal potential amplitude, and the voltage and frequency fluctuation of the power grid can be effectively inhibited.
Based on the control method of the new energy provided by the above embodiment, the application further provides a new energy power supply system, which is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 7, the drawing is a schematic view of a new energy power supply system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
The new forms of energy electrical power generating system that this embodiment provided includes: a converter 701 and a controller 702;
the first end of the converter 701 is connected with a power grid, and the second end of the converter 701 is connected with new energy;
a controller 702, configured to use the electrolyzed water hydrogen production apparatus as a virtual motor, and/or use the fuel cell as a virtual synchronous machine, and obtain a first mechanical power of the virtual motor according to the grid frequency and the active power reference value, and/or obtain a second mechanical power of the virtual synchronous machine according to the grid frequency and the active power reference value; obtaining a first internal potential phase angle of the virtual motor according to the active power of the power grid and the first mechanical power, and/or obtaining a second internal potential phase angle of the virtual synchronous machine according to the active power of the power grid and the second mechanical power; obtaining a first internal potential amplitude of the virtual motor according to the reactive power and the voltage of the power grid, and/or obtaining a second internal potential amplitude of the virtual synchronous machine according to the reactive power and the voltage of the power grid; controlling an input electrical parameter of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to the first internal potential amplitude and the first internal potential phase angle, and/or controlling an output electrical parameter of the fuel cell according to the second internal potential amplitude and the second internal potential phase angle, wherein the electrical parameter comprises at least one of the following parameters: voltage, current, or power.
The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the type of the new energy, and the new energy may be, for example, a scenario of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, or a scenario of a fuel cell. The implementation processes of the water electrolysis hydrogen production scenario and the fuel cell scenario are described below.
For the water electrolysis hydrogen production scenario, the architecture shown in fig. 2 can be seen.
A controller 300, specifically configured to obtain a first mechanical power of the virtual motor according to the grid frequency and the active power reference value;
Figure BDA0003801001550000121
wherein, P ref Is an active power reference value; f. of ref For the rated frequency, f, of the grid grid For the grid frequency, k, obtained based on a sinusoidal tracking algorithm f In order to preset active droop proportionality coefficient, k is used when the new energy power supply system comprises a water electrolysis hydrogen production device f ＜0。
The water electrolysis hydrogen production device is used as a virtual motor, and the controller 300 is specifically configured to obtain a first internal potential phase angle of the virtual motor based on a rotor motion equation of the motor according to the active power of the power grid and the first mechanical power, and specifically obtain the internal potential phase angle δ according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0003801001550000131
j is a predetermined virtual moment of inertia constant, P m Is the first mechanical power, D is the rotor damping coefficient, omega ref For nominal internal potential phase angle speed, P e And omega is the phase angle speed of the internal potential, wherein the active power of the power grid is shown.
The controller 300 obtains a first internal potential amplitude of the virtual motor according to the reactive power of the power grid and the voltage of the power grid, and obtains the first internal potential amplitude by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003801001550000132
E 0 amplitude of electromotive force, k, for a virtual motor no-load qi Is the integral coefficient of reactive power, k qi ＞0，Q ref Is a reactive power reference value, Q is the reactive power of the power grid, k v Is a reactive voltage proportionality coefficient, k v ＞0，U ref And U is the grid voltage reference value, and is the grid voltage.
It should be appreciated that for the scenario of hydrogen production from electrolyzed water, the controller 300 controls the AC/DC converter 100 based on the first internal potential magnitude and the first internal potential phase angle.
According to the power supply system provided by the embodiment of the application, the controller takes the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device as a virtual motor, and the virtual motor can generate virtual inertia and virtual damping; and obtaining corresponding internal potential phase angle and internal potential amplitude according to the voltage, current and frequency of the power grid, and controlling an AC/DC converter corresponding to the virtual motor according to the internal potential phase angle and the internal potential amplitude, so that voltage fluctuation and frequency fluctuation of the power grid are suppressed. Because the internal potential phase angle and the internal potential amplitude are obtained according to the voltage, the circuit and the frequency of the power grid, the internal potential phase angle and the internal potential amplitude can reflect the real-time state of the power grid, so that the AC/DC converter is controlled according to the internal potential phase angle and the internal potential amplitude, and the voltage and frequency fluctuation of the power grid can be effectively inhibited.
For a fuel cell scenario, such as a hydrogen fuel cell, the architecture shown in fig. 3 may be referred to.
A controller 30, specifically configured to obtain the second mechanical power by the following formula;
Figure BDA0003801001550000133
wherein, P ref Is an active power reference value; f. of ref For the rated frequency, f, of the grid grid For obtaining based on sinusoidal tracking algorithmDerived grid frequency, k f K when the new energy system includes a fuel cell for presetting the active droop ratio coefficient f >0。
The fuel cell is used as a virtual synchronous machine, and the controller 30 is specifically configured to obtain a second internal potential phase angle of the virtual synchronous machine based on a rotor motion equation of the synchronous machine according to the grid active power and the second mechanical power, and specifically obtain the second internal potential phase angle δ by using the following formula:
Figure BDA0003801001550000141
j is a predetermined virtual moment of inertia constant, P m Is the second mechanical power, D is the rotor damping coefficient, omega ref For nominal internal potential phase angle speed, P e And omega is the internal potential phase angle speed for the active power of the power grid.
The controller 30 obtains the second internal potential amplitude E based on reactive-voltage droop control specifically according to the reactive power and the grid voltage of the grid, and obtains the second internal potential amplitude specifically according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0003801001550000142
E 0 amplitude of electromotive force, k, for no-load of virtual synchronous machine qi Is the integral coefficient, k, of the reactive power qi ＞0，Q ref Is a reactive power reference value, Q is the reactive power of the power grid, k v Is a reactive voltage proportionality coefficient, k v ＞0，U ref And U is the grid voltage reference value and is the grid voltage.
In the power supply system provided by the embodiment of the application, the controller takes the fuel cell as a virtual synchronous machine, and the virtual synchronous machine can generate virtual inertia and virtual damping; and obtaining corresponding internal potential phase angle and internal potential amplitude according to the voltage, current and frequency of the power grid, and controlling a DC/AC converter corresponding to the virtual synchronous machine according to the internal potential phase angle and the internal potential amplitude, so that voltage fluctuation and frequency fluctuation of the power grid are suppressed. Because the internal potential phase angle and the internal potential amplitude are obtained according to the voltage, the circuit and the frequency of the power grid, the internal potential phase angle and the internal potential amplitude can reflect the real-time state of the power grid, so that the DC/AC converter is controlled according to the internal potential phase angle and the internal potential amplitude, and the voltage and frequency fluctuation of the power grid can be effectively inhibited.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, the embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other. For the system or the device disclosed by the embodiment, the description is simple because the system or the device corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.

Claims (12)

1. A control method of a new energy power supply system is characterized in that the new energy power supply system comprises a hydrogen production device by electrolyzing water and/or a fuel cell, and the new energy power supply system is connected in a grid-connected mode, and the control method comprises the following steps:
the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is used as a virtual motor, and/or the fuel cell is used as a virtual synchronous machine, and the first mechanical power of the virtual motor is obtained according to the power grid frequency and the active power reference value, and/or the second mechanical power of the virtual synchronous machine is obtained according to the power grid frequency and the active power reference value;
obtaining a first internal potential phase angle of the virtual motor according to the active power of the power grid and the first mechanical power, and/or obtaining a second internal potential phase angle of the virtual synchronous machine according to the active power of the power grid and the second mechanical power;
obtaining a first internal potential amplitude of the virtual motor according to the reactive power and the voltage of the power grid, and/or obtaining a second internal potential amplitude of the virtual synchronous machine according to the reactive power and the voltage of the power grid;
controlling an input electrical parameter of said hydrogen plant based on said first internal potential magnitude and said first internal potential phase angle, and/or controlling an output electrical parameter of said fuel cell based on said second internal potential magnitude and said second internal potential phase angle, said electrical parameter comprising at least one of: voltage, current, or power.
2. The control method according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising: and obtaining the power grid frequency according to the power grid voltage and the power grid current based on a sine tracking algorithm.
3. The control method according to claim 1, wherein said deriving a first mechanical power of said virtual electric motor from a grid frequency and an active power reference value and/or deriving a second mechanical power of said virtual synchronous machine from a grid frequency and an active power reference value comprises:
and obtaining the first mechanical power based on active-frequency droop control according to the power grid frequency and the active power reference value, and/or obtaining the second mechanical power based on active-frequency droop control according to the power grid frequency and the active power reference value, wherein when the first mechanical power is obtained, a preset active droop proportionality coefficient value in the active-frequency droop control is smaller than 0, and when the second mechanical power is obtained, a preset active droop proportionality coefficient value in the active-frequency droop control is larger than 0.
4. A control method according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that said deriving a first internal potential phase angle of said virtual electric motor from grid active power and said first mechanical power comprises:
and obtaining a first internal potential phase angle of the virtual motor based on a rotor motion equation of the motor according to the active power of the power grid and the first mechanical power.
5. The control method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein said deriving a second internal potential phase angle of the virtual synchronous machine from the grid active power and the second mechanical power comprises:
and obtaining a second internal potential phase angle of the virtual synchronous machine based on a rotor motion equation of the synchronous machine according to the active power of the power grid and the second mechanical power.
6. A control method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that said deriving a first internal potential magnitude of said virtual motor from the grid reactive power and the grid voltage, and/or deriving a second internal potential magnitude of said virtual synchronous machine from the grid reactive power and the grid voltage, comprises:
and obtaining the first internal potential amplitude and/or the second internal potential amplitude based on reactive-voltage droop control according to the reactive power and the voltage of the power grid.
7. The control method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the controlling the input electrical parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to the first internal potential amplitude and the first internal potential phase angle specifically comprises:
generating a PWM driving signal of a switching tube in the water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to the first internal potential amplitude and the first internal potential phase angle, wherein the PWM driving signal is used for controlling the on-off of the switching tube to control the input electrical parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device;
the controlling the output electrical parameter of the fuel cell according to the second internal potential amplitude and the second internal potential phase angle specifically comprises:
and generating a PWM (pulse-width modulation) driving signal of a switching tube in the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device according to the second internal potential amplitude and the second internal potential phase angle, wherein the PWM driving signal is used for controlling the on-off of the switching tube to control the output electrical parameters of the fuel cell.
8. A new energy power supply system, which is characterized in that the new energy power supply system comprises a hydrogen production device by water electrolysis and/or a fuel cell, and the new energy power supply system is connected in a grid-connected mode, and comprises: a converter and a controller;
the first end of the converter is connected with a power grid, and the second end of the converter is connected with new energy;
the controller is used for taking the water electrolysis hydrogen production device as a virtual motor, and/or taking the fuel cell as a virtual synchronous machine, and obtaining first mechanical power of the virtual motor according to the power grid frequency and an active power reference value, and/or obtaining second mechanical power of the virtual synchronous machine according to the power grid frequency and the active power reference value; obtaining a first internal potential phase angle of the virtual motor according to the active power of the power grid and the first mechanical power, and/or obtaining a second internal potential phase angle of the virtual synchronous machine according to the active power of the power grid and the second mechanical power; obtaining a first internal potential amplitude of the virtual motor according to the reactive power and the voltage of the power grid, and/or obtaining a second internal potential amplitude of the virtual synchronous machine according to the reactive power and the voltage of the power grid; controlling an input electrical parameter of said hydrogen plant based on said first internal potential magnitude and said first internal potential phase angle, and/or controlling an output electrical parameter of said fuel cell based on said second internal potential magnitude and said second internal potential phase angle, said electrical parameter comprising at least one of: voltage, current, or power.
9. The power supply system according to claim 8, wherein the controller, in particular for deriving the first mechanical power of the virtual motor from the grid frequency and an active power reference value, and/or for deriving the second mechanical power of the virtual synchronous machine from the grid frequency and an active power reference value, comprises:
and obtaining the first mechanical power based on active-frequency droop control according to the power grid frequency and the active power reference value, and/or obtaining the second mechanical power based on active-frequency droop control according to the power grid frequency and the active power reference value, wherein when the first mechanical power is obtained, a preset active droop proportionality coefficient value in the active-frequency droop control is smaller than 0, and when the second mechanical power is obtained, a preset active droop proportionality coefficient value in the active-frequency droop control is larger than 0.
10. The power supply system of claim 8, wherein the water electrolysis hydrogen production device acts as a virtual motor, and the controller, in particular for deriving a first internal potential phase angle of the virtual motor from the grid active power and the first mechanical power, comprises:
and obtaining a first internal potential phase angle of the virtual motor based on a rotor motion equation of the motor according to the active power of the power grid and the first mechanical power.
11. The power supply system according to claim 8, wherein the fuel cell is configured as a virtual synchronous machine, and the controller is specifically configured to obtain a second internal potential phase angle of the virtual synchronous machine according to the grid active power and the second mechanical power, and comprises:
and obtaining a second internal potential phase angle of the virtual synchronous machine based on a rotor motion equation of the synchronous machine according to the active power of the power grid and the second mechanical power.
12. The power supply system according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the controller, in particular for deriving a first internal potential magnitude of the virtual motor from the grid reactive power and the grid voltage and/or a second internal potential magnitude of the virtual synchronous machine from the grid reactive power and the grid voltage, comprises:
and obtaining the first internal potential amplitude and/or the second internal potential amplitude based on reactive-voltage droop control according to the reactive power and the voltage of the power grid.
CN202210983134.4A 2022-08-16 2022-08-16 Control method of new energy power supply system and power supply system Pending CN115296350A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117154765A (en) * 2023-10-30 2023-12-01 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Active standby grid-structured photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator control method and system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117154765A (en) * 2023-10-30 2023-12-01 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Active standby grid-structured photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator control method and system
CN117154765B (en) * 2023-10-30 2024-03-12 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Active standby grid-structured photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator control method and system

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