CN115294715A - Flame identification method and device - Google Patents
Flame identification method and device Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/06—Electric actuation of the alarm, e.g. using a thermally-operated switch
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/0014—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry for sensing the radiation from gases, flames
- G01J5/0018—Flames, plasma or welding
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/02—Constructional details
- G01J5/05—Means for preventing contamination of the components of the optical system; Means for preventing obstruction of the radiation path
- G01J5/051—Means for preventing contamination of the components of the optical system; Means for preventing obstruction of the radiation path using a gas purge
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
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- G01J5/06—Arrangements for eliminating effects of disturbing radiation; Arrangements for compensating changes in sensitivity
Abstract
The application provides a flame identification method and a flame identification device, which are used for solving the problem of false alarm of an infrared flame detector caused by an interference source. The method comprises the following steps: collecting a flame signal; determining a flame infrared radiation signal X from the flame signal f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) (ii) a From flame infrared radiation signal X f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) Whether a real flame is present is determined.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of electronic technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for identifying flames.
Background
The infrared flame detector utilizes the thermal effect of infrared radiation, and infrared absorption materials convert infrared radiation energy into heat energy to cause the temperature of a sensitive element to rise. A certain physical parameter of the sensitive element changes along with the change of the physical parameter, and then the physical parameter is converted into an electric signal or a visible light signal through a designed conversion mechanism so as to realize the detection of the flame.
However, in practical application, due to the existence of various interference sources such as the sun, heat sources, various light sources and the like, the infrared flame detector misreports.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a flame identification method and a flame identification device, which are used for solving the problem of false alarm of an infrared flame detector caused by an interference source.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a method of flame identification, comprising:
collecting flame signals; determining a flame infrared radiation signal X from the flame signal f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) (ii) a According to flame infrared radiation signal X f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) Whether a real flame is present is determined.
In this arrangement, the infrared flame detector is responsive to a flame infrared radiation signal X f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) At least two of the two items judge whether the real flame exists, and the influence of various interference sources such as a high-temperature heat source and/or a background on the infrared flame detector can be eliminated, so that the infrared flame detector can accurately detect the flame, and the false alarm is avoided.
Optionally, collecting a flame signal, comprising: tong (Chinese character of 'tong')The first sensor collects a first flame signal X1 (k), the second sensor collects a second flame signal X2 (k), and the third sensor collects a third flame signal X3 (k); the first sensor, the second sensor and the third sensor have different detection capabilities on at least one of a flame infrared radiation signal, a high-temperature heat source infrared radiation signal and a background infrared radiation signal; determining a flame infrared radiation signal X from the flame signal f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) The method comprises the following steps: calculating a flame infrared radiation signal X according to the first flame signal X1 (k), the second flame signal X2 (k) and the third flame signal X3 (k) f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k)。
In this way, because the first sensor, the second sensor and the third sensor have different detection capabilities for at least one of the flame infrared radiation signal, the high-temperature heat source infrared radiation signal and the background infrared radiation signal, the first flame signal X1 (k) collected by the first sensor, the second flame signal X2 (k) collected by the second sensor and the third flame signal X3 (k) collected by the third sensor have different occupation ratios of various infrared radiation signals, and the flame infrared radiation signal X3 (k) calculated based on the occupation ratios are different f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) The method is more approximate to flame infrared radiation signals, high-temperature heat source infrared radiation signals and background infrared radiation signals in a real environment, improves the accuracy of signal acquisition, and further contributes to improving the accuracy of flame detection.
Optionally, based on the flame infrared radiation signal X f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) Determining whether a real flame is present, comprising: according to flame infrared radiation signal X f (k) Calculating the average power V of the infrared radiation of the flame f (k) According to the infrared radiation signal X of the high-temperature heat source d1 (k) Calculating the average power V of the infrared radiation of the high-temperature heat source d1 (k) From the background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) Calculating the average power V of the background infrared radiation d2 (k) (ii) a If the average power V of flame infrared radiation f (k) Average power V of infrared radiation of high-temperature heat source d1 (k) Satisfies a first condition, and/or the average power V of the infrared radiation of the flame f (k) Background infrared radiation average power V d2 (k) If the magnitude relation of the flame is satisfied with a second condition, determining that a real flame exists; or, if the average power V of the flame infrared radiation f (k) Average power V of infrared radiation of high-temperature heat source d1 (k) Does not satisfy the first condition, and/or the average power V of the infrared radiation of the flame f (k) Background infrared radiation average power V d2 (k) If the magnitude relation of (2) does not satisfy the second condition, it is determined that there is no real flame.
The method judges whether the real flame exists or not by comparing the magnitude relation of the average power of the infrared radiation signals of different types, can improve the accuracy of flame detection, and is simple to realize and easy to implement.
Optionally, the method further includes: the first condition includes: y is C1 (k)＝V f (k)-K 1 V d1 (k)-M 1 >0; the second condition includes: y is C2 (k)＝V f (k)-K 2 V d2 (k)-M 2 >0; wherein K 1 、K 2 Is a predetermined coefficient, M 1 、M 2 Is a preset constant.
It is understood that the above formula is only exemplary and not limiting, and the practical application can be modified or changed according to the requirement.
Optionally, the method further includes: to flame infrared radiation signal X f (k) Fourier transform is carried out to obtain a frequency domain signal X' f (k) (ii) a According to a frequency domain signal X' f (k) Whether the value of (2) is within a preset frequency range or not is judged, and whether real flame exists or not is judged.
The method further combines the frequency domain characteristics of the infrared flame signal to judge whether the real flame exists or not, and the accuracy of flame detection can be further improved.
Optionally, the method further includes: the flame signal is amplified or reduced so thatThe size of the flame signal is within a preset range; determining a flame infrared radiation signal X from the processed flame signal f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k)。
Through this mode, guarantee that the size of the flame signal after handling is located and predetermine the within range, can be handled by infrared flame detector, improved the reliability of scheme.
Optionally, the method further includes: identifying whether a lens of an infrared flame detector is contaminated; outputting a lens contamination fault when a lens of the infrared flame detector is contaminated.
By the mode, the interference of the pollution of the lens on the infrared flame detection can be eliminated, and the accuracy of the flame detection can be further improved.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a flame identification device comprising means for performing the method of the first aspect or any one of the alternative embodiments of the first aspect.
Illustratively, the apparatus may include:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring flame signals;
a processing module for determining a flame infrared radiation signal X from the flame signal f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) (ii) a From flame infrared radiation signal X f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) Whether there is a real flame is judged.
Optionally, the acquisition module is specifically configured to: acquiring a first flame signal X1 (k) acquired by a first sensor, acquiring a second flame signal X2 (k) acquired by a second sensor, and acquiring a third flame signal X3 (k) acquired by a third sensor; the first sensor, the second sensor and the third sensor have different detection capabilities on at least one of a flame infrared radiation signal, a high-temperature heat source infrared radiation signal and a background infrared radiation signal; the processing module determines the fire according to the flame signalFlame infrared radiation signal X f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) The method is specifically used for: calculating a flame infrared radiation signal X according to the first flame signal X1 (k), the second flame signal X2 (k) and the third flame signal X3 (k) f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k)。
Optionally, the processing module is based on the flame infrared radiation signal X f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) When judging whether there is a real flame, the method is specifically configured to: from infrared radiation signals X f (k) Calculating the average power V of the infrared radiation of the flame f (k) According to the infrared radiation signal X of the high-temperature heat source d1 (k) Calculating the average power V of the infrared radiation of the high-temperature heat source d1 (k) From the background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) Calculating the average power V of background infrared radiation d2 (k) (ii) a If the average power V of flame infrared radiation f (k) Average power V of infrared radiation of high-temperature heat source d1 (k) Satisfies a first condition, and/or the average power V of the infrared radiation of the flame f (k) Background average power V of infrared radiation d2 (k) If the magnitude relation of the flame is satisfied with a second condition, determining that a real flame exists; or, if the average power V of the flame infrared radiation f (k) Average power V of infrared radiation of high-temperature heat source d1 (k) Does not satisfy a first condition, and/or the average power V of the infrared radiation of the flame f (k) Background average power V of infrared radiation d2 (k) If the magnitude relation of (a) does not satisfy the second condition, it is determined that there is no real flame.
Optionally, the first condition includes: y is C1 (k)＝V f (k)-K 1 V d1 (k)-M 1 >0; the second condition includes: y is C2 (k)＝V f (k)-K 2 V d2 (k)-M 2 >0; wherein K 1 、K 2 Is a predetermined coefficient, M 1 、M 2 Is a predetermined constant.
Optionally, the processing module is further used for: to flame infrared radiation signal X f (k) Fourier transform is carried out to obtain a frequency domain signal X' f (k) (ii) a According to a frequency domain signal X' f (k) Whether the value of (1) is within a preset frequency range or not is judged, and whether real flame exists or not is judged.
Optionally, the processing module is further configured to: carrying out amplification or reduction processing on the flame signal to enable the size of the flame signal to be within a preset range; determining a flame infrared radiation signal X from the processed flame signal f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k)。
Optionally, the processing module is further configured to: identifying whether a lens of the infrared flame detector is contaminated; when the lens of the infrared flame detector is contaminated, a lens contamination fault is output.
In a third aspect, an electronic device is provided, including:
the sensor is used for collecting flame signals;
a processor for determining a flame infrared radiation signal X from the flame signal f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) (ii) a According to the flame infrared radiation signal X f (k) The infrared radiation signal X of the high-temperature heat source d1 (k) The background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) Whether a real flame is present is determined.
Optionally, the sensor comprises a first sensor, a second sensor and a third sensor. The first sensor is used for acquiring a first flame signal X1 (k), the second sensor is used for acquiring a second flame signal X2 (k), and the third sensor is used for acquiring a third flame signal X3 (k); the first sensor, the second sensor and the third sensor have different detection capabilities for at least one of a flame infrared radiation signal, a high-temperature heat source infrared radiation signal and a background infrared radiation signal.
The processor determines the flame infrared radiation signal X according to the flame signal f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) While, in particular, useThe method comprises the following steps: calculating a flame infrared radiation signal X according to the first flame signal X1 (k), the second flame signal X2 (k) and the third flame signal X3 (k) f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k)。
Optionally, the processor is based on the flame infrared radiation signal X f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) When judging whether there is a real flame, the method is specifically configured to: according to flame infrared radiation signal X f (k) Calculating the average power V of the infrared radiation of the flame f (k) According to the infrared radiation signal X of the high-temperature heat source d1 (k) Calculating the average power V of the infrared radiation of the high-temperature heat source d1 (k) From the background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) Calculating the average power V of background infrared radiation d2 (k) (ii) a If flame infrared radiation average power V f (k) Average power V of infrared radiation of high-temperature heat source d1 (k) Satisfies a first condition, and/or the average power V of the flame IR radiation f (k) Background infrared radiation average power V d2 (k) If the magnitude relation of the flame is satisfied with a second condition, determining that a real flame exists; or, if the average power V of the flame infrared radiation f (k) Average power V of infrared radiation of high-temperature heat source d1 (k) Does not satisfy a first condition, and/or the average power V of the infrared radiation of the flame f (k) Background infrared radiation average power V d2 (k) If the magnitude relation of (a) does not satisfy the second condition, it is determined that there is no real flame.
Optionally, the first condition includes: y is C1 (k)＝V f (k)-K 1 V d1 (k)-M 1 >0; the second condition includes: y is C2 (k)＝V f (k)-K 2 V d2 (k)-M 2 >0; wherein K 1 、K 2 Is a predetermined coefficient, M 1 、M 2 Is a preset constant.
Optionally, the processor is further configured to: to flame infrared radiation signal X f (k) Fourier transform is carried out to obtain a frequency domain signal X' f (k) (ii) a According to a frequency domain signal X' f (k) Whether the value of (1) is within a preset frequency range or not is judged, and whether real flame exists or not is judged.
Optionally, the processor is further configured to: carrying out amplification or reduction treatment on the flame signal to enable the size of the flame signal to be within a preset range; determining a flame infrared radiation signal X from the processed flame signal f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k)。
Optionally, the processor is further configured to: identifying whether a lens of the infrared flame detector is contaminated; outputting a lens contamination fault when a lens of the infrared flame detector is contaminated.
In a fourth aspect, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium for storing instructions that, when executed, cause a method as described in the first aspect or any one of the alternative embodiments of the first aspect to be implemented.
Technical effects or advantages of one or more technical solutions provided in the second, third, and fourth aspects of the embodiment of the present application may be correspondingly explained by the technical effects or advantages of one or more corresponding technical solutions provided in the first aspect, and are not described herein again.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of one possible infrared flame detector provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another possible infrared flame detector provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for identifying flames according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an operating principle of a sensor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an infrared flame recognition device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the specific features in the embodiments and examples of the present application are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the present application, and are not limitations of the technical solutions of the present application, and the technical features in the embodiments and examples of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be understood that the terms first, second, etc. in the description of the embodiments of the present application are used for distinguishing between the descriptions and not for indicating or implying relative importance or order. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more.
The term "and/or" in the embodiment of the present application is only one kind of association relation describing an association object, and indicates that three kinds of relations may exist, for example, a and/or B, and may indicate: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship.
In order to facilitate understanding of the scheme of the embodiment of the present application, a possible application scenario of the embodiment of the present application is described below.
The flame is essentially composed of a series of glowing gases and solid substances which generate respective characteristic radiation spectrums, the radiation spectrums form the radiation spectrum of the flame, and the radiation spectrum of the flame for burning hydrocarbon organic matters generally mainly comprises a visible wave band, an infrared wave band and an ultraviolet wave band. Any object emits electromagnetic waves to the outside, wherein the effect of radiating infrared electromagnetic waves to the outside refers to the infrared radiation effect. The infrared flame detector utilizes the thermal effect of infrared radiation, and infrared absorption materials (such as lithium tantalate and the like) convert infrared radiation energy into heat energy to cause the temperature of the sensitive element to rise. Some physical parameter of the sensitive element changes along with the change of the physical parameter, and then the physical parameter is converted into an electric signal or a visible light signal through a designed conversion mechanism so as to realize the detection of the object.
However, in practical applications, the temperature of the sensing element of the infrared flame detector may also rise due to various interference sources such as the sun, heat sources, various light sources, etc., so that the infrared flame detector may misreport.
Generally, the radiation spectrum of flame generated by burning hydrocarbon organic matter mainly has visible wave band, infrared wave band and ultraviolet wave band. The infrared three bands refer to infrared light of three bands in the infrared band, and are respectively infrared light with the wavelength of 4.3 +/-0.3 mu m for flame detection, infrared light with the wavelength of 3.8 +/-0.18 mu m for eliminating high-temperature heat source interference and infrared light with the wavelength of 5.3 +/-0.18 mu m for eliminating background interference of the environment.
In view of this, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application can avoid the problem that the infrared flame detector is influenced by the interference source to cause false alarm.
The embodiment of the application can be applied to any electronic equipment with infrared detection capability.
By way of example, referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a possible infrared flame detector provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. The infrared flame detector includes a sensor and a processor. The sensor is a pyroelectric sensor, is sensitive to temperature and consists of a sensitive unit, a light filtering window and a Fresnel lens. The sensor can convert infrared radiation energy into an electric signal, namely converting infrared light with the wavelength of 4.3 +/-0.3 mu m into a flame infrared signal, converting infrared light with the wavelength of 3.8 +/-0.18 mu m into a high-temperature heat source infrared signal, and converting infrared light with the wavelength of 5.3 +/-0.18 mu m into a background infrared signal.
The infrared flame detector may comprise a plurality of sensors (fig. 1 takes 3 as an example, but is not limited thereto), wherein different sensors may be sensitive to infrared light of different wavelengths, or different sensors may be sensitive to infrared light of the same wavelength to different degrees.
The processor can process the flame signal collected by the sensor and judge whether real flame exists. The specific method will be described in detail later.
It should be understood that the Processor may be a Micro Control Unit (MCU), other general purpose Processor, a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, etc. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
In particular implementations, the infrared flame detector may also include other functional modules.
By way of example, referring to fig. 2, a schematic diagram of another possible infrared flame detector is provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application. The infrared flame detector also comprises one or more of the following functional modules:
and the power supply can supply power for other modules in the infrared flame detector.
The signal filtering and amplifying unit can amplify the flame signal collected by the sensor, effectively filter the interference signal in the flame signal to eliminate interference, and transmit the processed flame signal to the processor.
And the amplification factor adjusting unit can adjust the flame signal. For example, if the size of the flame signal collected by the processor is not within the preset range, the processor transmits the flame signal to the amplification factor adjusting unit. The amplification factor adjusting unit is used for amplifying or reducing the flame signal to enable the size of the flame signal to be within a preset range, and the processed flame signal is transmitted to the signal filtering and amplifying unit, wherein the preset range can be determined according to the signal processing capacity of the processor.
The temperature detection unit can judge whether the lens of the sensor is frosted or not and send the information whether the lens of the sensor is frosted or not to the sensor.
And the defogging and defrosting unit can adjust the temperature under the control of the sensor according to the indication of the sensor and remove fog and frost on the lens of the sensor.
The lens pollution detection unit can send a specified light source to the lens of the sensor according to the indication of the sensor, compare the specified light source with the light source reflected by the lens and identify whether the lens of the sensor is polluted or not; when the lens of the sensor is polluted, a lens pollution fault can be output and sent to the processor.
The fire fighting bus unit can communicate with the fire alarm host, and the communication contents include but are not limited to: the type of failure of the infrared flame detector, the status of the infrared flame detector, etc.
485 bus unit for connect the debugging instrument of adjustment infrared flame detector, wherein the debugging instrument can adjust infrared flame detector's various parameters, for example: the sensitivity of the infrared flame detector, and the address of the infrared flame detector.
And the 4-20mA two-wire current loop unit can output a current signal. Wherein, the stronger the flame information, the stronger the output current signal.
A fire alarm/fault output unit for outputting alarm information, including but not limited to: the information of fire alarm, the information of infrared flame detector fault and the information of infrared flame detector normal.
Referring to fig. 3, a flowchart of a flame identification method provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown, in which, for example, the method is applied to the infrared flame detector shown in fig. 1 or fig. 2, the method includes the following specific steps:
s301: the infrared flame detector collects flame signals.
Specifically, a first sensor in the infrared flame detector collects a first flame signal X1 (k); the second sensor acquires a second flame signal X2 (k); the third sensor acquires a third flame signal X3 (k).
Wherein, the first sensor, the second sensor and the third sensor have different detection capacities (or sensitivity or absorption capacity) for at least one of a flame infrared radiation signal, a high-temperature heat source infrared radiation signal and a background infrared radiation signal.
It can be understood that when a flame infrared signal, a high-temperature heat source infrared signal and a background infrared signal exist in a detection environment at the same time, flame signals collected by the first sensor, the second sensor and the third sensor may include the flame infrared signal, the high-temperature heat source infrared signal and the background infrared signal, but since the first sensor, the second sensor and the third sensor are sensitive to infrared light of different wave bands, ratios of the three wave band infrared signals included in the first flame signal X1 (k), the second flame signal X2 (k) and the third flame signal X3 (k) are different.
Illustratively, the first flame signal X1 (k) includes a first flame infrared radiation signal X f (k) First high temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) First background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) The second flame signal X2 (k) comprises a second flame infrared radiation signal aX f (k) A second high temperature heat source infrared radiation signal bX d1 (k) A second background infrared radiation signal cX d2 (k) The third flame signal X3 (k) comprises a third flame infrared radiation signal dX f (k) And a third high-temperature heat source infrared radiation signal eX d1 (k) Third background infrared radiation signal fX d2 (k) In that respect The first flame signal X1 (k), the second flame signal X2 (k), and the third flame signal X3 (k) can be expressed as:
X1(k)＝X f (k)+X d1 (k)+X d2 (k)；
X2(k)＝aX f (k)+bX d1 (k)+cX d2 (k)；
X3(k)＝dX f (k)+eX d1 (k)+fX d2 (k)。
wherein, X f (k) Representing the intensity of flame infrared radiation, X, in a real environment d1 (k) Representing the intensity of high-temperature heat source infrared radiation, X, in a real environment d2 (k) Representing the background infrared radiation intensity in the real environment. The coefficients a, b, c are the absorption scaling factors (or weighting factors) of the second sensor for the signals of the three bands, and d, e, f are the absorption scaling factors of the third sensor for the signals of the three bands. The first sensor pair is a three band signal with an absorption scale factor of 1.
It is understood that the above expressions of the first flame signal X1 (k), the second flame signal X2 (k) and the third flame signal X3 (k) are only examples, and other variations are possible in practical applications.
Optionally, after the flame signal is collected by the sensor and before the flame signal is input into the processor, the flame signal may be filtered and amplified by the signal filtering and amplifying unit. Therefore, the interference signals in the filtered flame signals can be filtered, the accuracy of signal acquisition is improved, and the accuracy of flame detection is improved.
Optionally, before the flame signal is gathered to the sensor, whether the lens that the temperature detection unit can detect the sensor is hazy or frosted, if find the hazy or frosty, defogging defrosting unit can carry out defogging or defrosting to the lens. For example, when the temperature detection unit detects that the lens of the sensor is fogged or frosted, information about the fogging or frosting of the lens of the sensor is sent to the sensor, and the sensor instructs the defogging and defrosting unit to adjust the temperature so as to remove the fog and frost on the lens of the sensor. Therefore, the accuracy of signal acquisition can be improved, and the accuracy of flame detection is improved.
S302: the infrared flame detector determines the flame infrared radiation signal X according to the flame signal f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k)。
Illustratively, a processor in the infrared flame detector determines a flame infrared radiation signal X from the flame signal f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k)。
For example, for X1 (k) = X f (k)+X d1 (k)+X d2 (k)；
X2(k)＝aX f (k)+bX d1 (k)+cX d2 (k)；
X3(k)＝dX f (k)+eX d1 (k)+fX d2 (k) .1. The By performing the decoupling, we can obtain:
in particular implementations, values for a, b, c, d, e, f can be determined by collecting multiple sets of experimental data (flame/flame + background + thermal body/background + thermal body). For example:
changing experimental background to obtain preset weight, and setting flame infrared radiation signal X under ideal state f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) The signal of any two of them is zero, the signal of the remaining one is obtained, the weight of this term in the first flame signal X1 (k) is obtained, the weight of this term in the second flame signal X2 (k) is obtained, and the weight of this term in the third flame signal X3 (k) is obtained.
Calculating the flame infrared radiation intensity X according to the first flame signal X1 (k), the second flame signal X2 (k) and the third flame signal X3 (k) f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation intensity X d1 (k) Background intensity of infrared radiation X d2 (k)。
Illustratively, a high temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X is set d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) Meanwhile, the flame signal X1 (k) only contains a first flame infrared radiation signal, the second flame signal X2 (k) only contains a second flame infrared radiation signal, and the third flame signal X1 (k) only contains a third flame infrared radiation signal.
Setting the weight of the first flame infrared radiation signal as 1, the weight of the second flame infrared radiation signal as a, and the weight of the third flame infrared radiation signal as d can be obtained.
Similarly, changing the experimental conditions, the weight of the first high-temperature heat source infrared radiation signal may be set to 1, the weight of the first background infrared radiation signal may be set to 1, the weight of the second high-temperature heat source infrared radiation signal may be obtained to be b, the weight of the third high-temperature heat source infrared radiation signal may be obtained to be e, the weight of the second background infrared radiation signal may be obtained to be c, and the weight of the third background infrared radiation signal may be obtained to be f.
Optionally, if the flame signal entering the processor is not within the preset range, the amplification factor adjusting unit may process the flame signal.For example, the amplification factor adjusting unit performs amplification or reduction processing on the flame signal, so that the size of the processed flame signal is within a preset range; the processor can further determine the flame infrared radiation signal X according to the processed flame signal f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) In that respect Therefore, the size of the flame signal after processing can be within the preset range, the flame signal can be processed by the processor, and the flame detection accuracy is improved.
S303: the infrared flame detector is used for detecting the flame infrared radiation signal X f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) Whether a real flame is present is determined.
Illustratively, a processor in the infrared flame detector is responsive to the flame infrared radiation signal X f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) Whether a real flame is present is determined.
It will be appreciated that when the radiation signal changes (wherein the radiation signal comprises the flame infrared radiation signal X) f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) And the infrared flame detector can output a voltage signal. Referring to fig. 4, the infrared flame detector outputs a voltage signal when the radiation signal changes. Thus, this feature can be marked by the average power of the time domain signal, e.g. the average power V of the flame infrared radiation f (k) Average power V of infrared radiation of high-temperature heat source d1 (k) Background infrared radiation average power V d2 (k) In that respect And then based on the average power V of the infrared radiation f (k) Average power V of infrared radiation of high-temperature heat source d1 (k) Background infrared radiation average power V d2 (k) Etc. to determine whether a real flame is present.
Wherein, according to the flame infrared radiation intensity X f (k) Calculating the average power V of the infrared radiation of the flame f (k)：
According to the intensity X of the infrared radiation of a high-temperature heat source d1 (k) Calculating the average power V of the infrared radiation of the high-temperature heat source d1 (k)：
According to background infrared radiation intensity X d2 (k) Calculating the average power V of the background infrared radiation d2 (k)：
Where k refers to the time point, the average power is calculated from 0 time to k times, where the average power V of the flame infrared radiation is known under a standard light source f (k) Average power V of infrared radiation of high-temperature heat source d1 (k) Background average power V of infrared radiation d2 (k) Knowing the intensity X of the flame infrared radiation f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation intensity X d1 (k) Background intensity of infrared radiation X d2 (k) λ can be calculated.
In one possible design, the average power V may be based on the flame IR radiation when only high temperature IR interference is considered f (k) Average power V of infrared radiation of high-temperature heat source d1 (k) Whether the magnitude relationship of (a) satisfies a first condition to determine whether a real flame is present.
For example, if Y C1 (k)＝V f (k)-K 1 V d1 (k)-M 1 >0, determining that a real flame exists; otherwise, there is no real flame. Wherein Y is the presence of a real flame C1 (k)>0, and the corresponding V is known f (k) And V d1 (k) A value of (d); y in the absence of a real flame C1 (k)<0, and the corresponding V is known f (k) And V d1 (k) The value of (A) is changed for a plurality of times to obtain the proportionality coefficient K 1 And constant term M 1 The value of (c).
It should be understood that the above-mentioned first condition is only an example, and in practical applications, Y may be adjusted according to requirements C1 (k)＝V f (k)-K 1 V d1 (k)-M 1 >0 is modified and deformed。
In one possible design, the average power V may be based on the flame IR radiation when only background IR interference is considered f (k) Average power V of infrared radiation of high-temperature heat source d1 (k) Whether the magnitude relationship of (a) satisfies a second condition to determine whether a real flame is present.
For example, if Y C2 (k)＝V f (k)-K 2 V d2 (k)-M 2 >0, then a real flame is present; otherwise, no real flame is present. Wherein Y is the presence of a real flame C2 (k)>0, and the corresponding V is known f (k) And V d2 (k) A value of (d); y in the absence of a real flame C2 (k)<0, and the corresponding V is known f (k) And V d2 (k) The value of (A) is changed for a plurality of times to obtain the proportionality coefficient K 2 And constant term M 2 The value of (c).
It should be understood that the second condition is only an example, and in practical applications, Y may be adjusted according to the requirement C2 (k)＝V f (k)-K 2 V d2 (k)-M 2 >0, modified and deformed.
In one possible design, the average power V of the flame infrared radiation can be determined by taking into account both the high temperature infrared interference and the background infrared interference f (k) Average power V of infrared radiation of high-temperature heat source d1 (k) Whether the magnitude relation of (A) satisfies a first condition, and the average power V of the infrared radiation of the flame f (k) Background infrared radiation average power V d2 (k) Whether the magnitude relation of (a) satisfies a second condition to determine whether a real flame exists.
For example, if Y C1 (k)＝V f (k)-K 1 V d1 (k)-M 1 >0, and Y C2 (k)＝V f (k)-K 2 V d2 (k)-M 2 >0, then a real flame is present; otherwise, no real flame is present.
It should be noted that, the above method takes background infrared interference and high-temperature infrared interference as examples, and in practical application, new interference may be replaced or a new interference type may be added according to a requirement, which is not limited in the present application.
By adopting the scheme, the infrared flame detector can detect the flame infrared radiation signal X according to the flame infrared radiation signal f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) At least two items in the device judge whether real flame exists, and the influence of various interference sources such as high-temperature heat source infrared and/or background infrared on the infrared flame detector can be eliminated, so that the infrared flame detector can accurately detect flame, and false alarm is avoided.
Optionally, an alarm may be given after the infrared flame detector detects a real flame. For example, after the processor determines that a real flame is present, the processor controls the fire alarm/fault output unit to output alarm information, including but not limited to: the information of fire alarm existence, the information of infrared flame detector fault existence and the information of infrared flame detector normal. The output mode of the alarm information includes, but is not limited to, playing voice, displaying text or image information, or sending alarm information to other equipment. So, can in time carry out flame and report to the police, improve fire control safety.
Optionally, the infrared flame detector may also be combined with the frequency domain signal to determine whether a real flame is present. For example, for flame infrared radiation signal X f (k) Fourier transform is carried out to obtain a frequency domain signal X' f (k) (ii) a If frequency domain signal X' f (k) Is in a predetermined frequency range, and V f (k)、V d1 (k) Satisfies a first condition, and/or, V f (k)、V d2 (k) If the magnitude relation of the flame is satisfied with a second condition, determining that a real flame exists; otherwise, there is no real flame.
The preset frequency range is not limited by the present application and may be, for example, 1 to 10Hz. When the signal amplitude corresponds to the frequency signal X' f (k) Not within 1 to 10Hz, there is no real flame.
By the method, whether the real flame exists or not is judged by further combining the frequency domain characteristics of the infrared flame signal, so that the accuracy of flame detection can be further improved.
Optionally, whether the lens of the infrared flame detector is contaminated or not can be identified.
For example, the lens contamination detection unit sends a specified light source to the lens of the sensor, compares the specified light source with the light source reflected by the lens, and identifies whether the lens of the sensor is contaminated; when the lens of the sensor is contaminated, the lens contamination detection unit outputs a lens contamination failure to the processor.
By the mode, the interference of the pollution of the lens on the infrared flame detection can be eliminated, and the accuracy of the flame detection can be further improved.
The method provided by the embodiment of the application is introduced above, and the device provided by the embodiment of the application is introduced below.
Referring to fig. 5, the present application provides a flame identification device 500, which may be an infrared flame detector or the like as described above or a chip in an infrared flame detector, such as a processor, and which includes modules/units/technical means for performing the method shown in fig. 3.
Illustratively, the apparatus comprises:
the acquisition module 501 is used for acquiring flame signals;
a processing module 502 for determining a flame infrared radiation signal X from the flame signal f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k)；
According to the flame infrared radiation signal X f (k) The infrared radiation signal X of the high-temperature heat source d1 (k) The background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) Whether a real flame is present is determined.
It should be understood that all relevant contents of the steps related to the above method embodiments may be referred to the functional description of the corresponding functional module, and are not described herein again.
Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium for storing instructions that, when executed, cause a computer to perform the method steps performed by the above-described infrared flame detector.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and so forth) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
Claims (10)
1. A method of flame identification, the method comprising:
collecting flame signals;
determining a flame infrared radiation signal X from the flame signal f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k)；
According to the flame infrared radiation signal X f (k) The infrared radiation signal X of the high-temperature heat source d1 (k) The background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) Whether a real flame is present is determined.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the collecting a flame signal comprises:
acquiring a first flame signal X1 (k) through a first sensor, acquiring a second flame signal X2 (k) through a second sensor, and acquiring a third flame signal X3 (k) through a third sensor; the first sensor, the second sensor and the third sensor have different detection capabilities on at least one of a flame infrared radiation signal, a high-temperature heat source infrared radiation signal and a background infrared radiation signal;
determining a flame infrared radiation signal X from the flame signal f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) The method comprises the following steps:
calculating the flame infrared radiation signal X according to the first flame signal X1 (k), the second flame signal X2 (k) and the third flame signal X3 (k) f (k) The infrared radiation signal X of the high-temperature heat source d1 (k) The background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k)。
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said at least one of said first and second methods,characterized in that said infrared radiation signal X according to said flame f (k) The infrared radiation signal X of the high-temperature heat source d1 (k) The background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) Determining whether a real flame is present, comprising:
according to the flame infrared radiation signal X f (k) Calculating the average power V of the infrared radiation of the flame f (k) According to the infrared radiation signal X of the high-temperature heat source d1 (k) Calculating the average power V of the infrared radiation of the high-temperature heat source d1 (k) From said background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) Calculating the average power V of background infrared radiation d2 (k)；
If the average power V of the flame infrared radiation f (k) The average power V of the infrared radiation of the high-temperature heat source d1 (k) Satisfies a first condition, and/or the average power V of the infrared radiation of the flame f (k) The average power V of the background infrared radiation d2 (k) If the magnitude relation of the flame is satisfied with a second condition, determining that a real flame exists; or, if the average power V of the flame infrared radiation f (k) The average power V of the infrared radiation of the high-temperature heat source d1 (k) Does not satisfy the first condition, and/or the average power V of the infrared radiation of the flame f (k) The background infrared radiation average power V d2 (k) If the magnitude relation of (a) does not satisfy the second condition, it is determined that there is no real flame.
4. The method of claim 3,
the first condition includes: y is C1 (k)＝V f (k)-K 1 V d1 (k)-M 1 >0；
The second condition includes: y is C2 (k)＝V f (k)-K 2 V d2 (k)-M 2 >0；
Wherein K 1 、K 2 Is a predetermined coefficient, M 1 、M 2 Is a predetermined constant.
5. The method of any one of claims 1-4, further comprising:
for the flame infrared radiation signal X f (k) Fourier transform is carried out to obtain a frequency domain signal X' f (k)；
According to the frequency domain signal X' f (k) Whether the value of (1) is within a preset frequency range or not is judged, and whether real flame exists or not is judged.
6. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said determination of the flame infrared radiation signal X from said flame signal is carried out f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) The method comprises the following steps:
carrying out amplification or reduction treatment on the flame signal to enable the size of the flame signal to be within a preset range;
determining the flame infrared radiation signal X according to the processed flame signal f (k) The infrared radiation signal X of the high-temperature heat source d1 (k) The background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k)。
7. The method of any one of claims 1-4, further comprising:
identifying whether a lens of an infrared flame detector is contaminated;
outputting a lens contamination fault when a lens of the infrared flame detector is contaminated.
8. An apparatus for flame identification, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring flame signals;
a processing module for determining a flame infrared radiation signal X from the flame signal f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) (ii) a According to the flame infrared radiation signal X f (k) The infrared radiation signal X of the high-temperature heat source d1 (k) The background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) At least two of them, the judgment isThere is no real flame present.
9. An electronic device, comprising:
the sensor is used for collecting flame signals;
a processor for determining a flame infrared radiation signal X from the flame signal f (k) High temperature heat source infrared radiation signal X d1 (k) Background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) (ii) a According to the flame infrared radiation signal X f (k) The infrared radiation signal X of the high-temperature heat source d1 (k) The background infrared radiation signal X d2 (k) Whether a real flame is present is determined.
10. A computer-readable storage medium for storing instructions that, when executed, cause the method of any one of claims 1-7 to be implemented.
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| CN105354974A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-02-24 | 无锡拓能自动化科技有限公司 | Flame detection method based on three-wavelength infrared flame detector |
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| CN105354974A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-02-24 | 无锡拓能自动化科技有限公司 | Flame detection method based on three-wavelength infrared flame detector |
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