CN115290464A - Test device and method for testing shear strength of support lug welding test piece - Google Patents

Test device and method for testing shear strength of support lug welding test piece Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115290464A
CN115290464A CN202210779043.9A CN202210779043A CN115290464A CN 115290464 A CN115290464 A CN 115290464A CN 202210779043 A CN202210779043 A CN 202210779043A CN 115290464 A CN115290464 A CN 115290464A
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Prior art keywords
test
test piece
vertical plate
moving part
deformation
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Inventor
芮晓成
彭炬
黄微波
陈伟
舒畅
马超
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Chongqing One Space Aerospace Technology Co Ltd
Beijing Zero One Space Electronics Co Ltd
Beijing Zero One Space Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
Chongqing Zero One Space Technology Group Co Ltd
Xian Zero One Space Technology Co Ltd
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Chongqing One Space Aerospace Technology Co Ltd
Beijing Zero One Space Electronics Co Ltd
Beijing Zero One Space Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
Chongqing Zero One Space Technology Group Co Ltd
Xian Zero One Space Technology Co Ltd
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Application filed by Chongqing One Space Aerospace Technology Co Ltd, Beijing Zero One Space Electronics Co Ltd, Beijing Zero One Space Technology Research Institute Co Ltd, Chongqing Zero One Space Technology Group Co Ltd, Xian Zero One Space Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Chongqing One Space Aerospace Technology Co Ltd
Priority to CN202210779043.9A priority Critical patent/CN115290464A/en
Publication of CN115290464A publication Critical patent/CN115290464A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G01N3/04—Chucks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
    • G01N2203/0003—Steady
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0025—Shearing

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a test device and a method for testing the shear strength of a lug welding test piece, which comprises the following steps: the T-shaped tool is provided with a vertical plate and a transverse plate which are fixedly connected, one end face of the vertical plate is used for fixing one part of a test piece, and the other part of the vertical plate is fixed through a moving piece which is arranged on the other end face of the vertical plate in a sliding mode; the limiting buckles are arranged on the vertical plates and are matched with the moving part, and when the limiting buckles are in limiting matching with the moving part, the moving part is limited to slide; wherein, the moving part is relative the riser has quiescent condition and sliding condition under the quiescent condition, the moving part with spacing cooperation is detained to the spacing, under the sliding condition, the moving part with spacing knot removes the cooperation. The invention solves the technical problems that the test tool in the prior art is poor in universality and the test result cannot accurately reflect the deformation of the welding line.

Description

Testing device and method for testing shear strength of lug welding test piece
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid rocket engines, in particular to a test device and a method for testing the shear strength of a lug welding test piece.
Background
The solid rocket engine is often used as a power component of a missile, and the outer wall surface of a shell of the solid rocket engine is usually welded with a support lug and then used for mounting a missile wing so as to stabilize the flying state of the missile. In the actual flying process of missiles of different models, the missile wings are different in bearing size, and the requirements on the welding strength of the support lugs and the shell are different. Therefore, the designed and invented shear strength test device and test method for examining the welding area of the support lug have important functions and significance, and provide important references for determining the welding method and form and evaluating the welding strength. Referring to fig. 1, the test piece comprises a main lug shell sample, a mounting hole, an auxiliary lug shell sample, an auxiliary lug, a main lug, a missile wing sample and a test mounting hole, wherein the mounting hole is formed in the positions 4 on the main lug shell sample and the auxiliary lug shell sample, and the main lug shell sample and the auxiliary lug shell sample are respectively connected with a test device through bolts.
Aiming at a device for testing the shear strength of a lug welding test piece, a tester often designs a set of special tool independently, only supplies to products of the same model, and has no applicability to other models of products; and the designed test device can be used for only one test of a tensile test and a compression test. According to the method for testing the shear strength of the lug welding test piece, a tester usually uses a tensile testing machine or a hydraulic machine to load external force after connecting the test piece with a special tool, and only the visual result of whether the test piece is obviously deformed or broken is used as the evaluation basis of the shear strength.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a test device and a method for testing the shear strength of a support lug welding test piece, and solves the technical problems that the test tool in the prior art is poor in universality and the test result cannot accurately reflect the deformation of a welding seam.
According to an embodiment of the invention, a test apparatus comprises: the T-shaped tool is provided with a vertical plate and a transverse plate which are fixedly connected, one end face of the vertical plate is used for fixing one part of a test piece, and the other part of the vertical plate is fixed through a moving piece which is arranged on the other end face of the vertical plate in a sliding mode;
the limiting buckles are arranged on the vertical plates and are matched with the moving parts, and when the limiting buckles are in limiting matching with the moving parts, the moving parts are limited to slide; the movable part is relative the riser has quiescent condition and slip state under the quiescent condition, the movable part with spacing cooperation is detained to spacing, under the slip state, the movable part with spacing knot removes the cooperation.
The technical principle of the invention is as follows: during the installation, with the one end fixed mounting of test piece on the terminal surface of riser, the movable part that slides simultaneously makes its other end with the test piece be connected, with spacing knot and the spacing cooperation of movable part afterwards, make movable part, test piece be in static state for the riser can.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the moving part can slide on the vertical plate, so that the moving part can be connected with test pieces of different sizes, and the test pieces can be fixed on the vertical plate by limiting the movement of the moving part through the limiting buckle in limiting fit with the moving part, so that the test is facilitated; moreover, the vertical plate and the transverse plate which are fixedly connected can form a T-shaped tool, the transverse plate is inverted and then hung on a suspension device to perform a tensile strength test, otherwise, the T-shaped tool is arranged on other working platforms (such as a hydraulic machine working platform) in the forward direction and fixed to perform a compressive strength test, so that the device can be flexibly applied to different test scenes according to different test requirements without additional auxiliary equipment.
Preferably, a movement clamping groove is formed in the vertical plate, and the moving part is arranged on the vertical plate in a sliding mode through the movement clamping groove and is used for connecting a test piece.
Preferably, the movable member includes:
the movable plate is arranged on the vertical plate in a sliding mode and is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for fixing the test piece;
the movable arm is fixedly arranged on the movable plate and provided with a plurality of limiting holes which are arranged in a linear array, and the limiting holes are used for connecting the limiting buckles so that the movable part is switched between the static state and the sliding state.
Preferably, the movable arm is provided with a waist-shaped hole arranged along the length direction of the movable arm, and the vertical plate is fixedly provided with a support column for penetrating through the waist-shaped hole.
Preferably, the limit buckle includes:
the mounting tables are fixedly arranged on the vertical plates;
the limiting block is arranged on the mounting table;
the limiting block is arranged on the limiting block in a screwed mode through threads, the limiting block is matched with the limiting hole, and when the limiting block is inserted into the movable arm through the limiting hole, the movable part is in the static state relative to the vertical plate.
Preferably, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are fixedly arranged at the connecting part of the transverse plate and the vertical plate.
Preferably, the transverse plate is provided with a calibration hole for mounting the tension and compression sensor.
On the other hand, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a shear strength test method for a support lug welding test piece, where the test piece includes a case sample, a mounting screw hole provided in the case sample, a support lug for connecting the case sample, a missile wing sample provided on the support lug, and a test mounting hole provided on the missile wing sample, and the method is implemented based on the test apparatus, and includes the following steps:
s1, determining the size of the test piece;
s2, adhering a biaxial strain gauge on the surface of the test piece;
s3, measuring an angle A between the shell sample and the support lug before the test 1 ；
S4, assembling a calibration system; installing a first lifting ring screw and a tension and compression sensor on the test device, installing a second lifting ring screw at the other end of the tension and compression sensor, placing a metal pipe on an electric push forklift after penetrating through a lifting ring hole of the first lifting ring screw, placing a wooden box connected with a rope belt on a ground cattle forklift, connecting the rope belt with the second lifting ring screw, and lifting the electric pile forklift and the ground cattle forklift to enable the rope belt to be in a stretching state, wherein the bottom surface of the wooden box is not separated from the ground cattle forklift;
s5, calibrating; placing the estimated target weight in a wooden box, loosening a hydraulic valve of a ground cow forklift to enable the bottom surface of the wooden box to be separated from the ground cow forklift, judging whether the weight exceeds the standard or is insufficient according to the reading of a display connected with the tension and compression sensor, and increasing or decreasing the target weight according to the judgment result to calibrate the target weight;
s6, modifying; disassembling the tension and compression sensor and reloading the tension and compression sensor on the test mounting hole so as to modify the calibration system into a test system, and loosening a hydraulic valve of the forklift so as to separate the bottom surface of the wooden box from the forklift;
s7, calculating the deformation of the welding seam; after the measurement test, the angle A between the shell sample and the support lug 2 And acquiring the actual deformation epsilon of the test piece before and after the test according to the biaxial strain gauge a ，
ε b ＝c(sinA 2 -sinA 1 )；
In the formula, epsilon b The welding seam deformation and the side length of a chamfer of the welding groove of the support lug are respectively calculated;
s8, test evaluation;
epsilon a/epsilon b is less than or equal to 0.35, and deformation occurs at the welding seam of the test piece;
epsilon a/epsilon b is more than 0.35 and less than or equal to 0.65, the shell sample is partially deformed, and the deformation of the welding seam of the test piece is more than that of the shell sample;
epsilon a/epsilon b is more than 0.65 and less than or equal to 1.35, and the deformation of the shell sample is the same as the deformation of the welding seam of the test piece;
epsilon a/epsilon b is more than 1.35 and less than or equal to 1.65, the welding seam part of the test piece deforms, and the deformation of the shell test sample is more than the deformation of the welding seam of the test piece;
ε a/ε b > 1.65, deformation occurred at the housing of the test piece.
Preferably, the sizes of the test pieces in the step S1 are the circumferential size and the axial size thereof.
Preferably, the linear distance between two nodes on the outer surface of the shell sample is Y 1 R is the radius of the shell sample, Y 1 The angle value theta of the corresponding test piece circular arc segment =2arcsin (Y/r), wherein Y =0.5Y 1 ；
Circumferential dimension of the test piece =2 (Y) 1 +Y 2 )+b；
In the formula, Y 2 =2D, D is the diameter of the mounting screw hole, b is the width of the support lug;
the axial size of the test piece =2X + a;
in the formula, X is a distance between an axial edge position of the housing sample in contact with the lug and an axial edge position of the housing sample, and a is a length of the lug.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a test piece;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a test piece;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a testing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 3 from another angle;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the movable member according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a retaining buckle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a calibration system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 7 at A;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a testing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 9 at B;
FIG. 11 is a simulation diagram of F =0.1 KN-Fmax stress distribution when a test piece is loaded;
fig. 12 shows the stress distribution linear dimensions of the X and Y sections in fig. 11.
In the figure:
1. a test piece; 101. a shell sample; 102. mounting a screw hole; 103. supporting a lug; 104. missile wing samples; 105. a test mounting hole; 2. t-shaped tooling; 201. a vertical plate; 202. a transverse plate; 3. a movable member; 301. a movable plate; 302. mounting holes; 303. a movable arm; 304. a limiting hole; 305. a kidney-shaped hole; 306. a support pillar; 4. a limiting buckle; 401. an installation table; 402. a limiting block; 403. a limiting post; 5. a motion slot; 6. reinforcing ribs; 7. calibrating the hole; 8. calibrating the system; 9. a test system; 10. electrically lifting the forklift; 11. a ground cow forklift; 12. wooden boxes.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and the like in the description of the invention are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The invention will be further described with reference to fig. 2-12.
A test device, comprising: the test device comprises a T-shaped tool 2, wherein the T-shaped tool 2 is provided with a vertical plate 201 and a transverse plate 202 which are fixedly connected, one end surface of the vertical plate 201 is used for fixing one part of a test piece, and the other part of the vertical plate 201 is fixed through a movable piece 3 which is arranged on the other end surface of the vertical plate 201 in a sliding mode;
the limiting buckles 4 are arranged on the vertical plates 201, at least one limiting buckle 4 is matched with the moving part 3, and when the limiting buckles 4 are in limiting matching with the moving part 3, the moving part 3 is limited to slide; the moving part 3 has a static state and a sliding state relative to the vertical plate 201, the moving part 3 is in limited fit with the limit buckle 4 in the static state, and the moving part 3 is out of fit with the limit buckle 4 in the sliding state.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the T-shaped fixture 2 includes a vertical plate 201 and a horizontal plate 202 that are fixedly connected, the vertical plate 201 is used for fixing a test piece, and the horizontal plate 202 is used for performing a compression test after being installed on a workbench surface or performing a tensile test after being connected with other suspension equipment through a connecting piece such as a lifting eye screw, so as to improve the universality of the device; in order to adapt to test pieces of different types and models, a moving part 3 is arranged on the vertical plate 201 in a sliding mode, and the moving part 3 is used for moving according to the size of the test piece so as to further fix the test piece on the vertical plate 201; moreover, in order to limit the moving part 3 with the adjusted position conveniently, a limiting part matched with the moving part 3 is arranged on the vertical plate 201, so that when the limiting part is in limiting matching with the moving part 3, the moving part 3 and the vertical plate 201 keep a static state (used for fixing a test piece), otherwise, when the limiting part is in contact matching with the moving part 3, the moving part 3 and the vertical plate 201 keep relative sliding (used for adjusting the position of the moving part 3 on the vertical plate 201 according to the size of the test piece), so that the device has wider applicability to the test piece, and because different sizes of the test pieces exist, the moving part 3 can slide on the vertical plate 201, and the position of the moving part can be changed according to the size of the test piece in a certain range, so as to adapt to different product requirements; the device can be adapted to different test pieces so as to carry out tensile or compressive tests on the test pieces.
Seted up motion draw-in groove 5 on the riser 201, moving part 3 passes through motion draw-in groove 5 slides and locates on the riser 201 to be used for connecting the test piece.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 or fig. 4, a vertical plate 201 is provided with a transversely arranged motion clamping groove 5 (for making the moving part 3 slide on the vertical plate 201 more stably, in this embodiment, two motion clamping grooves 5 are arranged at an interval from top to bottom as an example), and the moving part 3 slides back and forth on the vertical plate 201 through the motion clamping groove 5, so as to be capable of sliding to be connected with a test piece according to the size of the test piece; meanwhile, the moving clamping groove 5 can enable the moving part 3 to be connected with the test piece without hindrance, so that sliding dead angles are avoided (of course, in order to simplify installation, the moving part 3 can be connected with the test piece through screws, and the moving clamping groove 5 is used for guiding the screws).
The movable member 3 includes:
the movable plate 301 is arranged on the vertical plate 201 in a sliding manner, and a plurality of mounting holes 302 for fixing a test piece are formed in the movable plate 301;
the movable arm 303 is fixedly arranged on the movable plate 301, and is provided with a plurality of limiting holes 304 arranged in a linear array, and the limiting holes 304 are used for connecting the limiting buckles 4, so that the movable member 3 is switched between the static state and the sliding state.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the movable element 3 includes a movable plate 301 slidably disposed on the vertical plate 201 through the moving slot 5, and a movable arm 303 fixedly connected to the movable plate 301, the movable plate 301 is used for connecting the test piece, and a plurality of limiting holes 304 arranged in a linear array are disposed on the movable arm 303 (in this embodiment, the distance between adjacent limiting holes 304 is 4mm, and the limiting holes are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the distance between the holes is 2mm, and the distance in the test piece can be increased or decreased by 2mm, so as to meet the use requirements of test pieces of different models, and certainly, the distance between the holes can be other, and no limitation is made here), the limiting holes 304 are adapted to the limiting buckles 4, so that the movable plate 301 is fixed on the vertical plate 201 after the limiting buckles 4 are inserted into the movable arm 303 through the limiting holes 304, and plays a role of limiting.
A waist-shaped hole 305 arranged along the length direction of the movable arm 303 is formed in the movable arm 303, and a support column 306 for penetrating through the waist-shaped hole 305 is fixedly arranged on the vertical plate 201.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, in order to guide the movable arm 303, a waist-shaped hole 305 (that is, the waist-shaped hole 305 is arranged in the same direction as the moving slot 5) is formed in the movable arm 303 along the length direction of the movable arm 303, a support column 306 is fixedly arranged on the vertical plate 201, and the support column 306 is used for penetrating through the movable arm 303 through the waist-shaped hole 305 to play a role in guiding the moving direction and limiting the moving part 3 from shaking.
The limit buckle 4 comprises:
the mounting platforms 401, at least one of which 401 is fixedly arranged on the vertical plate 201;
the limiting block 402 is arranged on the mounting table 401;
the limiting column 403 is screwed on the limiting block 402 through threads of the limiting column 403 and is matched with the limiting hole 304, and when the limiting column 403 is inserted into the moving arm 303 through the limiting hole 304, the moving part 3 is in the static state relative to the vertical plate 201.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 6, the limit buckle 4 includes an installation platform 401 (two installation platforms 401 arranged opposite to each other up and down are taken as an example in this embodiment) fixedly arranged on the vertical plate 201, a limit block 402 is arranged on the installation platform 401, a limit post 403 matched with the limit hole 304 is screwed on the limit block 402, the position of the moving member 3 in the horizontal direction can be limited after the limit post 403 is installed in the limit hole 304, and the installation and the disassembly are convenient; meanwhile, the thread is screwed on the limiting column 403 so as to be matched with the limiting hole 304 or the limiting block 402, the limiting column 403 can be still connected to the limiting block 402 when the thread is in a detachable state, and the falling-off condition is avoided. It should be noted that the upper and lower limit buckles 4 may not be completely identical, and the limit posts 403 on the limit blocks 402 need to be designed according to the specific size and position of the limit holes 304.
And a plurality of reinforcing ribs 6 are fixedly arranged at the connecting part of the transverse plate 202 and the vertical plate 201.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the reinforcing ribs 6 are provided in 4 as an example, and distributed on two sides of the vertical plate 201 for reinforcing the connection between the vertical plate 201 and the horizontal plate 202.
And the transverse plate 202 is provided with a calibration hole 7 for mounting a tension-compression sensor.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the calibration hole 7 is used for weight calibration after the tension and compression sensor is installed.
On the other hand, as shown in fig. 2, 7-12, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a method for testing the shear strength of a test piece 1 welded on a supporting lug 103, where the test piece 1 includes a housing sample 101, a mounting screw hole 102 provided in the housing sample 101, a supporting lug 103 for connecting the housing sample 101, a missile wing sample 104 provided on the supporting lug 103, and a test mounting hole 105302 provided on the missile wing sample 104, and the method is implemented based on the test apparatus described above, and includes the following steps:
s1, determining the size of the test piece;
s2, adhering a biaxial strain gauge on the surface of the test piece;
s3, measuring an angle A1 between the shell sample and the support lug before the test;
s4, assembling a calibration system 8; installing a first lifting ring screw and a tension and compression sensor on the test device, installing a second lifting ring screw at the other end of the tension and compression sensor, placing a metal pipe on an electric push forklift 10 after penetrating through a lifting ring hole of the first lifting ring screw, placing a wooden box 12 connected with a rope belt on a ground cattle forklift 11, connecting the rope belt with the second lifting ring screw, and lifting the electric pile forklift and the ground cattle forklift 11 to enable the rope belt to be in a stretching state, wherein the bottom surface of the wooden box 12 is not separated from the ground cattle forklift 11;
s5, calibrating; placing the estimated target weight in a wooden box 12, loosening a hydraulic valve of a ground cow forklift 11 to enable the bottom surface of the wooden box 12 to be separated from the ground cow forklift 11, judging whether the weight exceeds the standard or is insufficient according to the reading of a display connected with the tension and compression sensor, and increasing or decreasing the target weight according to the judgment result to calibrate the target weight;
s6, modifying; disassembling the tension and compression sensor and replacing the tension and compression sensor on the test mounting hole so as to modify the calibration system 8 into a test system 9, and loosening a hydraulic valve of the ox-type forklift 11 so as to separate the bottom surface of the wooden box 12 from the ox-type forklift 11;
s7, calculating the deformation of the welding seam; measuring an angle A2 between the shell sample and the support lug after the test, acquiring the actual deformation epsilon a of the test piece before and after the test according to the biaxial strain gauge,
εb＝c(sinA2-sinA1)；
in the formula, epsilon b is the deformation of a welding seam, and c is the side length of a chamfer of a welding groove of the support lug;
s8, test evaluation;
epsilon a/epsilon b is less than or equal to 0.35, and deformation occurs at the welding seam of the test piece;
epsilon a/epsilon b is more than 0.35 and less than or equal to 0.65, the shell sample is partially deformed, and the deformation of the welding seam of the test piece is more than that of the shell sample;
epsilon a/epsilon b is more than 0.65 and less than or equal to 1.35, and the deformation of the shell sample is the same as the deformation of the welding seam of the test piece;
epsilon a/epsilon b is more than 1.35 and less than or equal to 1.65, the welding seam part of the test piece deforms, and the deformation of the shell test sample is more than the deformation of the welding seam of the test piece;
ε a/ε b > 1.65, the deformation occurred at the housing of the test piece.
In this embodiment, the size of the test piece needs to be determined, and the actual deformation amount epsilon a (i.e. the deformation occurring in the shell sample part) and the weld deformation amount epsilon b (i.e. the deformation occurring in the welding area between the shell sample and the support lug) of the shell sample need to be obtained before and after the test, and the test evaluation is made according to the actual deformation amount epsilon a and the weld deformation amount epsilon b; therefore, the deformation epsilon a needs to avoid a significant error (when the size of the test piece is too small, a connecting bolt for connecting the shell sample and the support lug is likely to be in a region with larger stress distribution of the shell sample, and a hole is drilled and a bolt is installed in the region to change the actual stress distribution condition of the region, so that the actual deformation of the region is influenced) epsilon b caused by improper size selection of the test piece as much as possible, and the excessively small size of the test piece is not favorable for position selection and adhesion of the biaxial strain gauge; when the test piece size is too big, will bring the waste more materials on the one hand, influence the size requirement drawback with the T type frock 2 of test piece cooperation installation, on the other hand, will increase the moment of flexure of casing sample horizontal segment and arc section transition region, increase experimental other influence factor. Therefore, the size requirement of the circular arc section of the shell sample needs to be reasonably determined, and on the basis, the horizontal section in a certain range is added up and down in the axial direction (namely the Y direction), so that the size of the whole shell sample is finally determined. The test method does not need expensive test equipment (such as a hydraulic press or a tensile machine with controllable specific output values), and only needs common equipment as test supplementary equipment except the test device. After the test system 9 is suspended at a certain height, the purpose of testing the bearing or unloading tension can be realized only by controlling the lifting of the arm 11 of the ox forklift, and the operation in the test process is simple; the test can be operated in a wide space, and the operator and the test device can keep a certain distance, so that the test is safer; before the test, the target weight needs to be calibrated, the calibration system 8 is converted into the test system 9 after the calibration is finished, and the conversion between the calibration system 8 and the test system 9 can be realized by sequentially installing and calibrating the tension and compression sensors or installing the test sensors on the test installation holes, so that the operation is convenient; meanwhile, the load loading capacity during the shear strength test of the lug welding test piece can be controlled through calibration before the test, and the condition of excessive load is avoided.
The size of the test piece in the step S1 is the circumferential size and the axial size of the test piece. Further, as shown in fig. 2, a linear distance between two nodes on the outer surface of the shell sample is Y1, r is a radius of the shell sample, and an angle value θ =2arcsin (Y/r) of the arc segment of the test piece corresponding to Y1, where Y =0.5y1;
the circumferential dimension of the test piece =2 (Y1 + Y2) + b;
wherein Y2=2D, D is the diameter of the mounting screw hole, and b is the width of the support lug;
the axial size of the test piece =2X + a;
in the formula, X is the distance between the axial edge position of the shell sample and the contact of the support lug and the axial edge position of the shell sample, and a is the length of the support lug.
As shown in fig. 11, when the load is interpolated:
X＝X1+(F-F1)(F2-F1)/(X2-X1)；
Y＝Y1+(F-F1)(F2-F1)/(Y2-Y1)；
wherein F is an actual load, F1 and F2 are adjacent load values of F, X values corresponding to F1 and F2 when X1 and X2 are diameters phi, and Y values corresponding to F1 and F2 when Y1 and Y2 are diameters phi;
when the diameter is subjected to interpolation solution:
X＝X1+(φ-φ1)(φ2-φ1)/(X2-X1)；
Y＝Y1+(φ-φ1)(φ2-φ1)/(Y2-Y1)；
in the formula, φ represents the actual shell diameter of the test piece, φ 1 and φ 2 represent adjacent diameter values of φ, X values corresponding to φ 1 and φ 2 when X1 and X2 are loaded with F, and Y values corresponding to φ 1 and φ 2 when Y1 and Y2 are loaded with F.
The embodiment provides a comprehensive test flow of a set of system, provides a simple and convenient measurement method and a calculation mode of welding seam deformation by reasonably determining the size of a test piece through support data and a calculation mode, classifies the obtained deformation structure, can intuitively reflect the specific position of deformation and the welding seam deformation condition by comparing the obtained data with the result, and replaces the existing evaluation basis of taking the visual result of whether the deformation or the fracture is obvious as the anti-shearing strength. In addition, the test method replaces a commonly used hydraulic press (because the hydraulic press needs to manually stabilize the piston to descend when reaching a target value, if external force loading cannot be suspended in time, damage to a sample piece and equipment or personal injury and the like are very likely to be caused, a sensor and a display are matched, otherwise, external force applying equipment with a function of outputting specific pressure or tension values is needed, so that the test cost is increased sharply, and the size of a working table top of the hydraulic press or the tension machine is not beneficial to development of the test method at first). The test method is simple and convenient to operate, and the weight is calibrated before the test, so that the excessive external force loading during the test can be avoided, and the state that equipment and personnel are injured is avoided as much as possible; the test space is not limited, the test is more favorable for the development of the test, the provided test analysis method does not need an expensive strain measurement system, and the operation and the analysis process are simple and convenient.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The testing apparatus, characterized by, includes:
the test device comprises a T-shaped tool (2), wherein the T-shaped tool (2) is provided with a vertical plate (201) and a transverse plate (202) which are fixedly connected, one end surface of the vertical plate (201) is used for fixing one part of a test piece, and the other part of the vertical plate is fixed through a movable piece (3) which is arranged on the other end surface of the vertical plate (201) in a sliding mode;
the limiting buckle (4), at least one of the limiting buckles (4) is arranged on the vertical plate (201) and is matched with the moving part (3), and when the limiting buckle (4) is matched with the moving part (3) in a limiting way, the moving part (3) is limited to slide; wherein, moving part (3) is relative riser (201) have quiescent condition and sliding state under the quiescent condition, moving part (3) with spacing cooperation of spacing knot (4), under the sliding state, moving part (3) with spacing knot (4) are relieved the cooperation.
2. The testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that a movement clamping groove (5) is formed in the vertical plate (201), and the moving part (3) is slidably arranged on the vertical plate (201) through the movement clamping groove (5) and is used for connecting a test piece.
3. Test device according to claim 1, characterized in that said mobile element (3) comprises:
the movable plate (301) is arranged on the vertical plate (201) in a sliding mode, and a plurality of mounting holes (302) used for fixing a test piece are formed in the movable plate (301);
the movable arm (303), the movable arm (303) set firmly in on the fly leaf (301) to be equipped with a plurality of spacing holes (304) that are the linear array and arrange, spacing hole (304) are used for connecting spacing knot (4), so that the moving part (3) is in static state with switch between the slip state.
4. The testing device according to claim 3, wherein the movable arm (303) is provided with a waist-shaped hole (305) arranged along the length direction thereof, and the vertical plate (201) is fixedly provided with a supporting column (306) for penetrating through the waist-shaped hole (305).
5. Testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that the limit buckle (4) comprises:
the mounting platforms (401), at least one of the mounting platforms (401) is fixedly arranged on the vertical plate (201);
the limiting block (402), the limiting block (402) is arranged on the mounting table (401);
spacing post (403), spacing post (403) screw thread is located soon on stopper (402), and with spacing hole (304) looks adaptation, spacing post (403) pass through spacing hole (304) are inserted and are located when on digging arm (303), moving part (3) for riser (201) are quiescent condition.
6. The testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of reinforcing ribs (6) are fixedly arranged at the connecting part of the transverse plate (202) and the vertical plate (201).
7. The testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross plate (202) is provided with a calibration hole (7) for installing a tension-compression sensor.
8. The shear strength test method for the support lug welding test piece, wherein the test piece comprises a shell sample, a mounting screw hole arranged in the shell sample, a support lug used for connecting the shell sample, a missile wing sample arranged on the support lug and a test mounting hole arranged on the missile wing sample, and is characterized by being implemented based on the test device of any one of claims 1 to 7 and comprising the following steps of:
s1, determining the size of the test piece;
s2, adhering a biaxial strain gauge on the surface of the test piece;
s3, measuring an angle A1 between the shell sample and the support lug before the test;
s4, assembling a calibration system; installing a first lifting ring screw and a tension and compression sensor on the test device, installing a second lifting ring screw at the other end of the tension and compression sensor, placing a metal pipe on an electric push forklift after penetrating through a lifting ring hole of the first lifting ring screw, placing a wooden box connected with a rope belt on a ground cattle forklift, connecting the rope belt with the second lifting ring screw, and lifting the electric pile forklift and the ground cattle forklift to enable the rope belt to be in a stretching state, wherein the bottom surface of the wooden box is not separated from the ground cattle forklift;
s5, calibrating; placing the estimated target weight in a wooden box, loosening a hydraulic valve of a ground cow forklift to enable the bottom surface of the wooden box to be separated from the ground cow forklift, judging whether the weight exceeds the standard or is insufficient according to the reading of a display connected with the tension and compression sensor, and increasing or decreasing the target weight according to the judgment result to calibrate the target weight;
s6, modifying; disassembling the tension and compression sensor and reloading the tension and compression sensor on the test mounting hole so as to modify the calibration system into a test system, and loosening a hydraulic valve of the forklift so as to separate the bottom surface of the wooden box from the forklift;
s7, calculating the deformation of the welding seam; measuring an angle A2 between the shell sample and the support lug after the test, acquiring the actual deformation epsilon a of the test piece before and after the test according to the biaxial strain gauge,
εb＝c(sinA2-sinA1)；
in the formula, epsilon b is the deformation of a welding seam, and c is the side length of a chamfer of a welding groove of the support lug;
s8, evaluating a test;
epsilon a/epsilon b is less than or equal to 0.35, and deformation occurs at the welding seam of the test piece;
epsilon a/epsilon b is more than 0.35 and less than or equal to 0.65, the shell sample is partially deformed, and the deformation of the welding seam of the test piece is more than that of the shell sample;
epsilon a/epsilon b is more than 0.65 and less than or equal to 1.35, and the deformation of the shell sample is the same as the deformation of the welding seam of the test piece;
epsilon a/epsilon b is more than 1.35 and less than or equal to 1.65, the welding seam part of the test piece deforms, and the deformation of the shell test sample is more than the deformation of the welding seam of the test piece;
ε a/ε b > 1.65, the deformation occurred at the housing of the test piece.
9. The shear strength test method for the lug welding test piece according to claim 8, wherein the test piece in the step S1 has the circumferential dimension and the axial dimension.
10. The method for testing the shear strength of the support lug welding test piece according to claim 9, wherein the linear distance between two nodes on the outer surface of the shell sample is Y1, r is the radius of the shell sample, and the angle value theta of the arc segment of the test piece corresponding to Y1 is =2arcsin (Y/r), wherein Y =0.5Y1;
the circumferential dimension of the test piece =2 (Y1 + Y2) + b;
wherein Y2=2D, D is the diameter of the mounting screw hole, and b is the width of the support lug;
the axial size of the test piece =2X + a;
in the formula, X is the distance between the axial edge position of the shell sample and the contact of the support lug and the axial edge position of the shell sample, and a is the length of the support lug.
CN202210779043.9A 2022-06-30 2022-06-30 Test device and method for testing shear strength of support lug welding test piece Pending CN115290464A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210779043.9A CN115290464A (en) 2022-06-30 2022-06-30 Test device and method for testing shear strength of support lug welding test piece

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210779043.9A CN115290464A (en) 2022-06-30 2022-06-30 Test device and method for testing shear strength of support lug welding test piece

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115290464A true CN115290464A (en) 2022-11-04

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202210779043.9A Pending CN115290464A (en) 2022-06-30 2022-06-30 Test device and method for testing shear strength of support lug welding test piece

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Country Link
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