CN115290050B - Automatic leveling system and automatic leveling method for building surveying and mapping engineering instrument - Google Patents
Automatic leveling system and automatic leveling method for building surveying and mapping engineering instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN115290050B CN115290050B CN202210939020.XA CN202210939020A CN115290050B CN 115290050 B CN115290050 B CN 115290050B CN 202210939020 A CN202210939020 A CN 202210939020A CN 115290050 B CN115290050 B CN 115290050B
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- ammeter
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- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 208000001491 myopia Diseases 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000004379 myopia Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
- G01C9/18—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using liquids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
- G01C15/002—Active optical surveying means
- G01C15/008—Active optical surveying means combined with inclination sensor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
- G01C9/18—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using liquids
- G01C2009/185—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using liquids dielectric
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Control Of Position Or Direction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic leveling system of a building surveying and mapping engineering instrument, which comprises a ball hinged support A fixedly arranged, wherein a ball accommodating bin is arranged in the ball hinged support A, and the ball A can freely rotate in the ball accommodating bin; the ball A is integrally connected with a vertical ball rod, the waist part of the ball rod is coaxially and integrally provided with a leveling disc, and the rotation of the ball A in the ball accommodating bin enables the posture of the leveling disc to be changed correspondingly; the automatic leveling can be realized, the problem that the subjectivity of a manual leveling structure is strong and the consistency is not good is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of building surveying and mapping engineering instruments.
Background
In the construction surveying engineering instrument, no matter instruments such as total station instrument and level meter, after the instruments are installed on the tripod, a leveling process is needed before the use, the existing leveling structure is mostly required to be manually adjusted, and the leveling structure needs to be manually visually observed to judge whether leveling is carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an automatic leveling system and an automatic leveling method for a building surveying and mapping engineering instrument, which can realize automatic leveling, and avoid the problems of strong subjectivity and poor consistency of a manual leveling structure.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above purpose, the automatic leveling system of the building surveying and mapping engineering instrument comprises a ball hinged support A which is fixedly arranged, a ball accommodating bin is arranged in the ball hinged support A, and the ball A can freely rotate in the ball accommodating bin; the ball A is integrally connected with a vertical ball rod, the waist of the ball rod is coaxially and integrally provided with a leveling disc, and the rotation of the ball A in the ball accommodating bin enables the posture of the leveling disc to be changed correspondingly.
Further, a cylindrical insulating liquid bin is coaxially arranged in the club, the lower end of the insulating liquid bin extends to the inside of the ball A, and insulating liquid is filled in the insulating liquid bin;
the bottom of the insulating liquid bin is fixedly provided with a B ball hinged support, and a B ball is arranged in the B ball hinged support in a free rotation way; a vertical conductive swing rod is arranged at the axis of the insulating liquid bin, and the lower end of the conductive swing rod is fixedly connected with the upper end of the ball B;
the upper end of the conductive swing rod is fixedly connected with a buoyancy shell made of an insulating material, the buoyancy shell is immersed in insulating liquid in an insulating liquid bin, a buoyancy empty bin is arranged in the buoyancy shell, and the buoyancy shell forms a pulling force on the conductive swing rod under the action of buoyancy; the axis of the conductive swing rod always tends to be in a plumb state.
Further, the upper surface of the upper shell wall of the buoyancy shell is a spherical surface with the spherical center coincident with the spherical center of the B sphere; the upper surface of the upper shell wall is fixedly covered with a first conductive sheet, a second conductive sheet and a third conductive sheet which are distributed in a circumferential array and are in a fan shape in a overlook view, and a central insulating sheet is arranged in the surrounding range of the first conductive sheet, the second conductive sheet and the third conductive sheet; the upper surfaces of the first conducting strip, the second conducting strip, the third conducting strip and the central insulating strip are all superposed on a spherical surface concentric with the sphere B; the first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet are mutually insulated through a first gap, the second conductive sheet and the third conductive sheet are mutually insulated through a second gap, and the third conductive sheet and the first conductive sheet are mutually insulated through a third gap.
Further, in the top view, the extension lines of the first slit, the second slit and the third slit are respectively marked as a first virtual ray, a second virtual ray and a third virtual ray; the area between the first virtual ray and the second virtual ray is marked as an A sector area, the area between the second virtual ray and the third virtual ray is marked as a B sector area, and the area between the third virtual ray and the first virtual ray is marked as a C sector area;
a conductive pile is fixed on the top wall of the insulating liquid bin, a conductive disc is fixed on the lower side of the conductive pile, a guide hole is arranged at the axle center of the conductive disc, the conductive liquid bin further comprises a guide post, the upper end of the guide post movably penetrates through the guide hole, the lower end of the guide post is fixedly connected with a universal ball seat, a universal ball in the universal ball seat is in rolling fit with the upper surface of the central insulating sheet, a conductive tension spring is sleeved outside the guide post, and the upper end and the lower end of the conductive tension spring are respectively fixedly connected with the conductive disc and the universal ball seat; after the conductive swing rod swings along the sphere center of the sphere B by a certain amplitude, the universal ball rolls relatively to the upper surface of the first conductive sheet, the second conductive sheet or the third conductive sheet;
The buoyancy empty bin is internally provided with an A resistor, a B resistor and a C resistor; one ends of the resistor A, the resistor B and the resistor C are electrically connected with the upper end of the conductive swing rod together, and the other ends of the resistor A, the resistor B and the resistor C are electrically connected with the first conductive sheet, the second conductive sheet and the third conductive sheet through the wire A, the wire B and the wire C respectively; the electric series unit is formed by connecting a constant voltage direct current power supply, a fixed resistor and a ammeter in series; the two ends of the electric series unit are respectively and electrically connected with the conductive pile and the B ball hinge support.
Further, the leveling disc further comprises a first ejector rod, a second ejector rod and a third ejector rod which are vertical, wherein the top ends of the first ejector rod, the second ejector rod and the third ejector rod are in contact with the lower surface of the leveling disc in a propping manner; in a top view, the axes of the first ejector rod, the second ejector rod and the third ejector rod are respectively perpendicularly intersected with the first virtual ray, the second virtual ray and the third virtual ray.
Further, the middle part of electrically conductive pendulum rod is the perpendicular fixedly connected with of circumference array three initial positioning arm, the inner wall in insulating liquid storehouse is circumference array fixed mounting and has three horizontal electric telescopic handle, three electric telescopic handle corresponds three initial positioning arm respectively, the extension line of electric telescopic handle and the extension line coincidence of the initial positioning arm that corresponds, the terminal initial positioning arm that corresponds that the connection is acted as go-between through nylon to the telescopic handle, when three telescopic handle all is the withdrawal state, three nylon acts as go-between and is the state of stretching straight, the axis coincidence of electrically conductive pendulum rod and insulating liquid storehouse.
Further, the outer side of the upper end of the conductive swing rod is coaxially sleeved with a swing limit ring, and the swing limit ring is fixed through a bracket rod.
Further, when the universal ball rolls on the first conducting strip, the current identified on the ammeter is a; when the universal ball rolls on the second conducting strip, the current identified on the ammeter is b;
when the universal ball rolls on the third conducting strip, the current identified on the ammeter is c;
when the universal ball rolls on the first gap, the current identified on the ammeter is d;
when the universal ball rolls on the second gap, the current identified on the ammeter is e;
When the universal ball rolls on the third gap, the current identified on the ammeter is f;
The values satisfying a, b, c, d, e, f are not equal to or similar to each other.
Further, an automatic leveling method of an automatic leveling system of a building surveying and mapping engineering instrument comprises the following steps:
Step one, setting an initial state;
Step two, entering a leveling prepositive state
Step three, changing the original straight state of the three nylon stay wires into a sagging bending and loosening state; controlling a constant voltage direct current power supply to output constant voltage;
if the current identified on the ammeter is 0, the leveling disc level is satisfactory;
if the current identified on the ammeter is a or myopia is a, automatically judging that the C sector area of the leveling disc is higher according to the value of the ammeter, and controlling the first ejector rod and the third ejector rod to slowly descend, and the second ejector rod slowly ascends in an adaptive manner;
if the current identified on the ammeter is b or the myopia is b, automatically judging that the sector A of the leveling disc is higher according to the value of the ammeter, controlling the first ejector rod and the second ejector rod to slowly descend, and adaptively slowly ascending the third ejector rod;
If the current identified on the ammeter is c or the myopia is c, automatically judging that the sector B of the leveling disc is higher according to the value of the ammeter, controlling the third ejector rod and the second ejector rod to slowly descend, and slowly rising the first ejector rod adaptively;
If the current identified on the ammeter is d or the myopia is d, automatically judging that the direction of the first virtual ray of the leveling disc is higher according to the value of the ammeter, and controlling the first ejector rod to slowly descend, and the second ejector rod and the third ejector rod to slowly ascend in an adaptive manner;
if the current identified on the ammeter is e or myopia is e, automatically judging that the second virtual ray direction of the leveling disc is higher according to the value of the ammeter, and controlling the second ejector rod to slowly descend, and the first ejector rod and the third ejector rod slowly ascend in an adaptive manner;
If the current identified on the ammeter is f or the myopia is f, automatically judging that the direction of the third virtual ray of the leveling disc is higher according to the value of the ammeter, and controlling the third ejector rod to slowly descend, so that the first ejector rod and the second ejector rod slowly ascend in an adaptive manner;
Until the current identified on the ammeter becomes and stabilizes for at least a second time, at which time it is automatically determined that leveling has been performed.
The beneficial effects are that: the level degree and the determined height and the determined direction of the device are judged according to the current identified by the ammeter, compared with a pure mechanical structure or a mode of manually visually leveling bubbles, the automatic leveling is more facilitated, the standardization is easier to realize, and the precision can be realized through the area of the central insulating sheet; the invention can realize automatic leveling, and avoid the problems of strong subjectivity and no good consistency of a manual leveling structure.
Meanwhile, before each actual leveling, a process of entering a leveling preposed state exists, and the problem that the orientations of the first conducting strip, the second conducting strip and the third conducting strip in the horizontal direction are uncertain is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the whole device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall disassembly of the device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the lower portion of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion indicated at 110 of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the upper portion of FIG. 4 partially in section;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of FIG. 5 at 12;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a buoyancy housing;
FIG. 8 is a top view of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram;
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a structure of the universal ball seat.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
An automated leveling system for a construction mapping engineering instrument as shown in figures 1 to 10;
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the automatic leveling mechanism 110 comprises a flange base 34, an automatic leveling mechanism 110 and a main body 27 of a construction surveying and mapping engineering instrument, wherein the main body 27 of the construction surveying and mapping engineering instrument can be a total station instrument, a level instrument and other engineering surveying and mapping instruments needing leveling; the automatic leveling mechanism 110 is installed between the flange base 34 and the main body 27 of the architectural mapping engineering instrument; the flange base 34 is fixedly provided with an A spherical hinge seat 35, and a sphere accommodating bin 35.1 is arranged in the A spherical hinge seat 35;
As in fig. 3 and 4; the automatic leveling mechanism 110 comprises an A sphere 33, and the A sphere 33 can freely rotate in a sphere accommodating bin 35.1; the ball A33 is integrally connected with a vertical ball rod 10, the waist part of the ball rod 10 is coaxially and integrally provided with a leveling disc 32, and the rotation of the ball A33 in the ball accommodating bin 35.1 enables the posture of the leveling disc 32 to be correspondingly changed; the upper part of the leveling disc 32 is fixedly connected with a flange mounting plate 30 through a plurality of connecting columns 31 in a coaxial manner, and the flange mounting plate 30 is detachably and fixedly connected with a connecting seat 29 at the bottom of the main body 27 of the building surveying and mapping engineering instrument through flange bolts;
As in fig. 4 and 5; the inner coaxial center of the ball rod 10 is provided with a cylindrical insulating liquid bin 9, the lower end of the insulating liquid bin 9 extends into the A ball body 33, and insulating liquid is filled in the insulating liquid bin 9; the insulating liquid may be: aromatic hydrocarbon insulating oil, ether insulating oil, ester insulating oil and silicone oil.
The bottom of the insulating liquid bin 9 is fixedly provided with a B spherical hinge seat 21, a B sphere 22 is freely rotatably arranged in the B spherical hinge seat 21, and the B spherical hinge seat 21 and the B sphere 22 which are used as metal structures are mutually matched in a conductive manner; a vertical conductive swing rod 13 is arranged at the axis of the insulating liquid bin 9, and the lower end of the conductive swing rod 13 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the B ball body 22;
The upper end of the conductive swing rod 13 is fixedly connected with a buoyancy shell 8 made of an insulating material, the buoyancy shell 8 is immersed in insulating liquid in an insulating liquid bin 9, a buoyancy empty bin 15 is arranged in the buoyancy shell 8, and the buoyancy shell 8 forms a pulling force on the conductive swing rod 13 under the action of buoyancy;
As shown in fig. 5, the upper surface of the upper shell wall 8.1 of the buoyancy shell 8 is a spherical surface with the center of sphere coincident with the center of sphere of the B sphere 22; the upper surface of the upper shell wall 8.1 is fixedly covered with a first conductive sheet 3.1, a second conductive sheet 3.2 and a third conductive sheet 3.3 which are distributed in a circumferential array and have sector ring shape in a overlook view, a central insulating sheet 37 is arranged in the enclosing range of the first conductive sheet 3.1, the second conductive sheet 3.2 and the third conductive sheet 3.3, and in order to better express the working principle, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the central insulating sheet 37 in the drawing is exaggeratedly expressed, in fact, in order to improve the final leveling precision, the occupied area of the central insulating sheet 37 is much smaller than that of the first conductive sheet 3.1, the second conductive sheet 3.2 and the third conductive sheet 3.3;
as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the upper surfaces of the first conductive sheet 3.1, the second conductive sheet 3.2, the third conductive sheet 3.3 and the center insulating sheet 37 are all superposed on one spherical surface concentric with the B sphere 22; the first conductive sheet 3.1 and the second conductive sheet 3.2 are mutually insulated through a first gap 4.1, the second conductive sheet 3.2 and the third conductive sheet 3.3 are mutually insulated through a second gap 4.2, and the third conductive sheet 3.3 and the first conductive sheet 3.1 are mutually insulated through a third gap 4.3; the gap widths of the first gap 4.1, the third gap 4.3 and the second gap 4.2 are all smaller than 0.5mm;
As shown in fig. 8, in a top view, extension lines of the first slit 4.1, the second slit 4.2 and the third slit 4.3 are respectively denoted as a first virtual ray 1.1, a second virtual ray 1.2 and a third virtual ray 1.3; the area between the first virtual ray 1.1 and the second virtual ray 1.2 is marked as an A sector, the area between the second virtual ray 1.2 and the third virtual ray 1.3 is marked as a B sector, and the area between the third virtual ray 1.3 and the first virtual ray 1.1 is marked as a C sector;
As shown in fig. 2, a first vertical electric telescopic device 5.1, a second vertical electric telescopic device 5.2 and a third vertical electric telescopic device 5.3 are fixedly arranged on the flange base 34 in a circumferential array; the output ends of the first vertical electric telescopic device 5.1, the second vertical electric telescopic device 5.2 and the third vertical electric telescopic device 5.3 are respectively a first ejector rod 2.1, a second ejector rod 2.2 and a third ejector rod 2.3 which are vertical, and the ejection heads at the upper ends of the first ejector rod 2.1, the second ejector rod 2.2 and the third ejector rod 2.3 are in contact with the lower surface of the leveling disc 32 in a propping way; in a top view, the axes of the first ejector rod 2.1, the second ejector rod 2.2 and the third ejector rod 2.3 are respectively perpendicularly intersected with the first virtual ray 1.1, the second virtual ray 1.2 and the third virtual ray 1.3; as in fig. 8;
As shown in fig. 10, a conductive pile 17 is fixed on the top wall 10.1 of the insulating liquid bin 9, a conductive disc 40 is fixed on the lower side of the conductive pile 17, a guide hole 28 is arranged at the axis of the conductive disc 40, the guide hole 28 is movably penetrated through the guide hole 28, the lower end of the guide hole 39 is fixedly connected with a universal ball seat 41, a universal ball 42 in the universal ball seat 41 is in rolling fit with the upper surface of the central insulating sheet 37, a conductive tension spring 38 is sleeved outside the guide hole 39, the upper end and the lower end of the conductive tension spring 38 are respectively fixedly connected with the conductive disc 40 and the universal ball seat 41, under the tensile force of the conductive tension spring 38, most (more than 95%) of the gravity of the universal ball seat 41 and the universal ball 42 is borne by the conductive tension spring 38, so that the pressure between the universal ball 42 and the upper surface of the central insulating sheet 37 is very weak, and the pressure borne by the buoyancy casing 8 is negligible relative to the pressure, and the upper surfaces of the first conductive sheet 3.1, the second conductive sheet 3.2, the third conductive sheet 3.3 and the central insulating sheet 37 are overlapped on the spherical surface of the first spherical sheet 3.1 and the second spherical sheet 3.3 and the second spherical sheet 3 and the second spherical sheet 3.3 are smoothly swung along the spherical surface 13 and the spherical surface of the first spherical sheet 3.2 and the second spherical sheet 3.3 and the second spherical sheet 3 and the second spherical sheet 3.3; after the conductive swing rod 13 swings along the center of the ball 22 by a certain amplitude, the universal ball 42 relatively rolls on the upper surface of the first conductive sheet 3.1, the second conductive sheet 3.2 or the third conductive sheet 3.3;
The buoyancy empty bin 15 is internally provided with an A resistor 7.1, a B resistor 7.2 and a C resistor 7.3 with the resistance values which are obviously different from each other; one ends of the resistor A7.1, the resistor B7.2 and the resistor C7.3 are electrically connected with the upper end of the conductive swing rod 13 together, and the other ends of the resistor A7.1, the resistor B7.2 and the resistor C7.3 are electrically connected with the first conductive sheet 3.1, the second conductive sheet 3.2 and the third conductive sheet 3.3 through the wire A6.1, the wire B6.2 and the wire C6.3 respectively;
as shown in fig. 9, the electric series unit 112 is formed by connecting a constant voltage dc power supply 19, a fixed resistor 20 and a ammeter 18 in series; both ends of the electrical serial unit 112 are respectively and electrically connected with the conductive pile 17 and the B ball hinge support 21;
The distances among the universal ball seat 41, the universal ball 42, the B ball hinged seat 21 and the B ball 22 are made of conductive materials; the nylon stay wire 25, the buoyancy shell 8, the ball rod 10 and the A ball 33 are all made of insulating materials;
When the universal ball 42 rolls on the first conductive sheet 3.1, the universal ball 42 is in electrical contact with the first conductive sheet 3.1, the resistor a 7.1 and the electrical series unit 112 form a loop, and the current identified on the ammeter 18 is a;
when the universal ball 42 rolls on the second conductive sheet 3.2, the universal ball 42 is in electrical contact with the second conductive sheet 3.2, the B resistor 7.2 and the electrical series unit 112 form a loop, and the current identified on the ammeter 18 is B;
when the universal ball 42 rolls on the third conductive sheet 3.3, the universal ball 42 is in electrical contact with the third conductive sheet 3.3, the C resistor 7.3 and the electrical series unit 112 form a loop, and the current identified on the ammeter 18 is C;
When the universal ball 42 rolls on the first gap 4.1, the universal ball 42 simultaneously electrically contacts the first conductive sheet 3.1 and the second conductive sheet 3.2; the resistor A7.1 and the resistor B7.2 are connected in parallel and then form a loop with the electric series unit 112, and the current identified on the ammeter 18 is d;
When the universal ball 42 rolls on the second gap 4.2, the universal ball 42 simultaneously electrically contacts the second conductive sheet 3.2 and the third conductive sheet 3.3; the resistor B7.2 and the resistor C7.3 are connected in parallel and then form a loop with the electric series unit 112, and the current identified on the ammeter 18 is e;
when the universal ball 42 rolls on the third gap 4.3, the universal ball 42 simultaneously electrically contacts the third conductive sheet 3.3 and the first conductive sheet 3.1; c resistance 7.3 and A resistance 7.1 are connected in parallel and then form a loop with an electrical series unit 112, and the current identified on the ammeter 18 is f;
Values that satisfy a, b, c, d, e, f are not equal to and not similar to each other, where dissimilar means that the difference in values is sufficient to avoid erroneous decisions caused by the maximum error of ammeter 18.
Three initial positioning arms 23 are vertically and fixedly connected to the middle of the conductive swing rod 13 in a circumferential array, three transverse electric retractors 26 are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the insulating liquid bin 9 in a circumferential array, the three electric retractors 26 correspond to the three initial positioning arms 23 respectively, the extension lines of the telescopic rods 24 of the electric retractors 26 coincide with the extension lines of the corresponding initial positioning arms 23, the tail ends of the telescopic rods 24 are connected with the corresponding initial positioning arms 23 through nylon stay wires 25, and when the three telescopic rods 24 are in a retracted state, the three nylon stay wires 25 are in a straight state, and the axis of the conductive swing rod 13 coincides with the axis of the insulating liquid bin 9; when the three telescopic rods 24 are all in an extending state, the three nylon pull wires 25 are all in a sagging bending and loosening state;
the outer side of the upper end of the conductive swing rod 13 is coaxially sleeved with a swing amplitude constraint ring 11, the swing amplitude constraint ring 11 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the insulating liquid bin 9 through a bracket rod 60, and under the constraint of the swing amplitude constraint ring 11, the conductive swing rod 13 still rolls on the upper surface of the first conductive sheet 3.1, the second conductive sheet 3.2 or the third conductive sheet 3.3 under the maximum swing amplitude; avoiding the problem of excessive swing.
The working method and principle are as follows:
Step one, an initial state: in the initial state, the extension lengths of the first ejector rod 2.1, the second ejector rod 2.2 and the third ejector rod 2.3 are consistent, so that the leveling disc 32 and the flange base 34 are coaxial and parallel, and the leveling disc 32 and the main body 27 of the building surveying and mapping engineering instrument are synchronous, so that the leveling degree of the main body 27 of the building surveying and mapping engineering instrument can be guaranteed as long as the leveling degree of the leveling disc 32 is guaranteed;
When the main body 27 of the building surveying and mapping engineering instrument is prepared to be used, the flange base 34 is fixedly arranged on the equipment bracket, and before formal leveling, the flange base 34 and the leveling disc 32 are in a substantially horizontal state, and the leveling degree of the leveling disc 32 does not necessarily meet the specified requirement, so that the leveling disc 32 needs to be automatically leveled;
Step two, entering a leveling preposed state process: the telescopic rods 24 of the three transverse electric retractors 26 are controlled to retract synchronously, the three nylon stay wires 25 are straightened, under the constraint of the tension of the three straightened nylon stay wires 25 to the three initial positioning arms 23, the axes of the conductive swinging rods 13 are automatically overlapped with the axes of the insulating liquid bin 9, meanwhile, the positions of the first conductive sheet 3.1, the second conductive sheet 3.2 and the third conductive sheet 3.3 in the horizontal direction are correspondingly positioned under the tension of the three straightened nylon stay wires 25, and at the moment, in a top view, the axes of the first ejector rod 2.1, the second ejector rod 2.2 and the third ejector rod 2.3 are respectively vertically intersected with the first virtual ray 1.1, the second virtual ray 1.2 and the third virtual ray 1.3, so that a leveling front state is achieved, and then standing is carried out for at least 3 seconds;
Step three, automatizing the leveling process: simultaneously, the telescopic rods 24 of the three transverse electric retractors 26 are controlled to synchronously extend, so that the three telescopic rods 24 are all changed into an extending state, and the three nylon stay wires 25 are all changed into a sagging bending relaxation state from an original straight state; at this time, the three nylon stay wires 25 release the constraint function on the conductive swing rod 13; because the buoyancy shell 8 is subjected to upward buoyancy, and the conductive swing rod 13 can swing only along the spherical center of the B sphere 22 as the center, the conductive swing rod 13 automatically tends to a plumb state under the buoyancy action of the buoyancy shell 8, and if the included angle between the axis of the insulating liquid bin 9 and the conductive swing rod 13 in the plumb state is bigger all the time, the leveling disc 32 is required to be leveled; at this time, the constant voltage DC power supply 19 is controlled to output a constant voltage;
If the current identified on the ammeter 18 is 0; the universal ball 42 is still in rolling fit with the upper surface of the central insulating sheet 37, and does not roll further on the first conductive sheet 3.1, the second conductive sheet 3.2 or the third conductive sheet 3.3, so that the included angle between the axis of the conductive swing rod 13 and the axis of the insulating liquid bin 9 is small, the myopia is in a coincident state, and the level degree of the leveling disc 32 is satisfactory, so that leveling is not needed;
If the current identified on the ammeter 18 is a or myopia is a, which indicates that the universal ball 42 rolls onto the first conductive sheet 3.1, the universal ball 42 is in electrical contact with the first conductive sheet 3.1, the resistor A7.1 and the electrical series unit 112 form a loop, which indicates that the included angle between the axis of the conductive swing rod 13 and the axis of the insulating liquid bin 9 is in a bigger state, leveling is needed, the sector of the leveling disc 32C is higher, and the controller automatically determines that the sector of the leveling disc 32C is higher according to the numerical value of the ammeter 18, and controls the first ejector rod 2.1 and the third ejector rod 2.3 to slowly descend, and the second ejector rod 2.2 slowly ascends in an adaptive manner;
If the current identified on the ammeter 18 is B or the myopia is B, which indicates that the universal ball 42 rolls onto the second conductive sheet 3.2, the universal ball 42 is in electrical contact with the second conductive sheet 3.2, the B resistor 7.2 and the electrical series unit 112 form a loop, which indicates that the included angle between the axis of the conductive swing rod 13 and the axis of the insulating liquid bin 9 is in a bigger state, leveling is needed, the sector A of the leveling disc 32 is higher, the controller automatically determines that the sector A of the leveling disc 32 is higher according to the numerical value of the ammeter 18, and controls the first ejector rod 2.1 and the second ejector rod 2.2 to slowly descend, and the third ejector rod 2.3 slowly ascends in an adaptive manner;
If the current identified on the ammeter 18 is C or the myopia is C, which indicates that the universal ball 42 rolls onto the third conductive sheet 3.3, the universal ball 42 is in electrical contact with the third conductive sheet 3.3, the C resistor 7.3 and the electrical series unit 112 form a loop, which indicates that the included angle between the axis of the conductive swing rod 13 and the axis of the insulating liquid bin 9 is in a bigger state, leveling is needed, the sector of the leveling disc 32B is higher, the controller automatically determines that the sector B of the leveling disc 32 is higher according to the numerical value of the ammeter 18, and controls the third ejector rod 2.3 and the second ejector rod 2.2 to slowly descend, and the first ejector rod 2.1 slowly ascends in an adaptive manner;
If the current identified on the ammeter 18 is d or myopia is d, indicating that the universal ball 42 rolls onto the first slit 4.1, the universal ball 42 is simultaneously in electrical contact with the first conductive sheet 3.1 and the second conductive sheet 3.2; the resistor A7.1 and the resistor B7.2 are connected in parallel and then form a loop with the electric series unit 112, which indicates that the included angle between the axis of the conductive swing rod 13 and the axis of the insulating liquid bin 9 is in a state of being large at the moment, the leveling is needed, the direction of the first virtual ray 1.1 of the leveling disc 32 is high, at the moment, the controller automatically judges that the direction of the first virtual ray 1.1 of the leveling disc 32 is high according to the numerical value of the ammeter 18, and controls the first ejector rod 2.1 to slowly descend, and the second ejector rod 2.2 and the third ejector rod 2.3 to slowly rise in an adaptive manner;
If the current identified on the ammeter 18 is e or myopia is e, indicating that the universal ball 42 rolls onto the second gap 4.2, the universal ball 42 is simultaneously in electrical contact with the second conductive sheet 3.2 and the third conductive sheet 3.3; the resistor B7.2 and the resistor C7.3 are connected in parallel and then form a loop with the electric series unit 112, which indicates that the included angle between the axis of the conductive swing rod 13 and the axis of the insulating liquid bin 9 is in a bigger state at this moment, the leveling is needed, the direction of the second virtual ray 1.2 of the leveling disc 32 is higher, at this moment, the controller automatically judges that the direction of the second virtual ray 1.2 of the leveling disc 32 is higher according to the numerical value of the ammeter 18, and controls the second ejector rod 2.2 to slowly descend, and the first ejector rod 2.1 and the third ejector rod 2.3 slowly ascend in an adaptive way;
If the current identified on the ammeter 18 is f or myopia is f, indicating that the universal ball 42 rolls onto the third gap 4.3, the universal ball 42 is in electrical contact with the third conductive sheet 3.1 and the first conductive sheet 3.1 simultaneously; the resistor A7.1 and the resistor C7.3 are connected in parallel and then form a loop with the electric series unit 112, which indicates that the included angle between the axis of the conductive swing rod 13 and the axis of the insulating liquid bin 9 is in a bigger state at this moment, leveling is needed, the direction of the third virtual ray 1.3 of the leveling disc 32 is higher, at this moment, the controller automatically judges that the direction of the third virtual ray 1.3 of the leveling disc 32 is higher according to the numerical value of the ammeter 18, and controls the third ejector rod 2.3 to slowly descend, and the first ejector rod 2.1 and the second ejector rod 2.2 slowly rise in an adaptive way;
until the current identified on the ammeter 18 becomes 0 and stabilizes for at least 3 seconds, at which point the system automatically determines that leveling has occurred.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, it being noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. An automatic leveling system of a building surveying engineering instrument, which is characterized in that: the ball bearing comprises a fixed A ball bearing (35), wherein a ball accommodating bin (35.1) is arranged in the A ball bearing (35), and the A ball (33) can freely rotate in the ball accommodating bin (35.1); the ball A (33) is integrally connected with a vertical ball rod (10), a leveling disc (32) is integrally arranged on the waist part of the ball rod (10) in a coaxial way, and the posture of the leveling disc (32) is correspondingly changed by rotating the ball A (33) in a ball accommodating bin (35.1);
The ball rod is characterized in that a cylindrical insulating liquid bin (9) is coaxially arranged in the ball rod (10), the lower end of the insulating liquid bin (9) extends into the ball A (33), and insulating liquid is filled in the insulating liquid bin (9);
A B ball hinge seat (21) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the insulating liquid bin (9), and a B ball body (22) is freely rotatably arranged in the B ball hinge seat (21); a vertical conductive swing rod (13) is arranged at the axis of the insulating liquid bin (9), and the lower end of the conductive swing rod (13) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the B sphere (22);
The upper end of the conductive swing rod (13) is fixedly connected with a buoyancy shell (8) made of an insulating material, the buoyancy shell (8) is immersed in insulating liquid in an insulating liquid bin (9), a buoyancy empty bin (15) is arranged in the buoyancy shell (8), and the buoyancy shell (8) forms a pulling force on the conductive swing rod (13) under the action of buoyancy; the axis of the conductive swing rod (13) always tends to be in a plumb state;
The upper surface of the upper shell wall (8.1) of the buoyancy shell (8) is a spherical surface with the spherical center overlapped with the spherical center of the B sphere (22); the upper surface of the upper shell wall (8.1) is fixedly covered with a first conductive sheet (3.1), a second conductive sheet (3.2) and a third conductive sheet (3.3) which are distributed in a circumferential array and are in a fan shape in a overlook view, and a central insulating sheet (37) is arranged in the enclosing range of the first conductive sheet (3.1), the second conductive sheet (3.2) and the third conductive sheet (3.3); the upper surfaces of the first conducting strip (3.1), the second conducting strip (3.2), the third conducting strip (3.3) and the central insulating strip (37) are all superposed on a spherical surface concentric with the B sphere (22); the first conductive sheet (3.1) and the second conductive sheet (3.2) are insulated from each other through a first gap (4.1), the second conductive sheet (3.2) and the third conductive sheet (3.3) are insulated from each other through a second gap (4.2), and the third conductive sheet (3.3) and the first conductive sheet (3.1) are insulated from each other through a third gap (4.3);
In a top view, the extension lines of the first slit (4.1), the second slit (4.2) and the third slit (4.3) are respectively marked as a first virtual ray (1.1), a second virtual ray (1.2) and a third virtual ray (1.3); the area between the first virtual ray (1.1) and the second virtual ray (1.2) is marked as an A sector, the area between the second virtual ray (1.2) and the third virtual ray (1.3) is marked as a B sector, and the area between the third virtual ray (1.3) and the first virtual ray (1.1) is marked as a C sector;
A conductive pile (17) is fixed on the top wall (10.1) of the insulating liquid bin (9), a conductive disc (40) is fixed on the lower side of the conductive pile (17), a guide hole (28) is arranged at the axis of the conductive disc (40), a guide post (39) with the upper end movably penetrating through the guide hole (28) is further included, a universal ball seat (41) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the guide post (39), a universal ball (42) in the universal ball seat (41) is in rolling fit with the upper surface of the central insulating sheet (37), a conductive tension spring (38) is sleeved outside the guide post (39), and the upper end and the lower end of the conductive tension spring (38) are fixedly connected with the conductive disc (40) and the universal ball seat (41) respectively; after the conductive swing rod (13) swings along the sphere center of the sphere B (22) by a certain amplitude, the universal ball (42) relatively rolls to the upper surface of the first conductive sheet (3.1), the second conductive sheet (3.2) or the third conductive sheet (3.3);
An A resistor (7.1), a B resistor (7.2) and a C resistor (7.3) are arranged in the buoyancy empty bin (15); one ends of the resistor A (7.1), the resistor B (7.2) and the resistor C (7.3) are electrically connected with the upper end of the conductive swing rod (13) together, and the other ends of the resistor A (7.1), the resistor B (7.2) and the resistor C (7.3) are electrically connected with the first conductive sheet (3.1), the second conductive sheet (3.2) and the third conductive sheet (3.3) through the wire A (6.1), the wire B (6.2) and the wire C (6.3) respectively; the device also comprises an electrical series unit (112) formed by connecting a constant voltage direct current power supply (19), a fixed resistor (20) and a ammeter (18) in series; two ends of the electric series unit (112) are respectively and electrically connected with the conductive pile (17) and the B spherical hinge seat (21);
The leveling device further comprises a first vertical ejector rod (2.1), a second ejector rod (2.2) and a third ejector rod (2.3), wherein the top ends of the first ejector rod (2.1), the second ejector rod (2.2) and the third ejector rod (2.3) are in pressing contact with the lower surface of the leveling disc (32); in a top view, the axes of the first ejector rod (2.1), the second ejector rod (2.2) and the third ejector rod (2.3) are respectively perpendicularly intersected with the first virtual ray (1.1), the second virtual ray (1.2) and the third virtual ray (1.3);
The middle part of electrically conductive pendulum rod (13) is perpendicular fixedly connected with three initial positioning arm (23) of circumference array, and the inner wall of insulating liquid storehouse (9) is circumference array fixed mounting and has three horizontal electric telescopic handle (26), and is three electric telescopic handle (26) correspond three initial positioning arm (23) respectively, the extension line of telescopic handle (24) of electric telescopic handle (26) coincides with the extension line of initial positioning arm (23) that corresponds, and the end of telescopic handle (24) is through nylon stay wire (25) connection initial positioning arm (23) that corresponds, and when three telescopic handle (24) were the withdrawal state, three nylon stay wires (25) were the state of stretching, and the axis of electrically conductive pendulum rod (13) coincides with the axis of insulating liquid storehouse (9).
2. An automated leveling system for an architectural mapping engineering instrument according to claim 1, wherein: the outer side of the upper end of the conductive swing rod (13) is coaxially sleeved with a swing limit ring (11), and the swing limit ring (11) is fixed through a bracket rod (60).
3. An automated leveling system for an architectural mapping engineering instrument according to claim 2, wherein: when the universal ball (42) rolls on the first conducting strip (3.1), the current identified on the ammeter (18) is a; when the universal ball (42) rolls on the second conducting strip (3.2), the current identified on the ammeter (18) is b;
When the universal ball (42) rolls on the third conducting strip (3.3), the current identified on the ammeter (18) is c;
When the universal ball (42) rolls on the first gap (4.1), the current identified on the ammeter (18) is d;
when the universal ball (42) rolls on the second gap (4.2), the current identified on the ammeter (18) is e;
When the universal ball (42) rolls on the third gap (4.3), the current identified on the ammeter (18) is f;
The values satisfying a, b, c, d, e, f are not equal to or similar to each other.
4. An automatic leveling method of an automatic leveling system of a building surveying and mapping engineering instrument is characterized by comprising the following steps of: an automated leveling system for use with the architectural mapping instrument of any one of claims 1-3;
Step one, setting an initial state;
In the initial state, the extension lengths of the first ejector rod, the second ejector rod and the third ejector rod are consistent, so that the leveling disc and the flange base are coaxial and parallel; when the main body of the building surveying and mapping engineering instrument is prepared to be used, the flange base is fixedly arranged on the equipment bracket, and before formal leveling, the flange base and the leveling disc are in a substantially horizontal state;
step two, entering a leveling prepositive state;
entering a leveling prepositive state: the telescopic rods of the three transverse electric retractors are controlled to retract synchronously, the three nylon stay wires are straightened, under the tension constraint of the three straightened nylon stay wires on the three initial positioning arms, the axes of the conductive swing rods are automatically overlapped with the axes of the insulating liquid bin, meanwhile, the first conductive sheet, the second conductive sheet and the third conductive sheet are correspondingly positioned under the tension of the three straightened nylon stay wires in the horizontal direction, and at the moment, under the overlooking view, the axes of the first ejector rod, the second ejector rod and the third ejector rod are respectively and vertically intersected with the first virtual ray, the second virtual ray and the third virtual ray, so that a leveling preposition state is achieved, and then standing is carried out for at least 3 seconds;
Step three, simultaneously controlling the telescopic rods of the three transverse electric retractors to synchronously extend so that the three telescopic rods are in an extending state; the three nylon stay wires (25) are changed from the original straight state into a sagging bending and loosening state; controlling a constant voltage direct current power supply (19) to output constant voltage;
If the current identified on the ammeter (18) is 0, the leveling disc (32) level is satisfactory;
if the current identified on the ammeter (18) is a or myopia is a, automatically judging that the C sector of the leveling disc (32) is higher according to the value of the ammeter (18), and controlling the first ejector rod (2.1) and the third ejector rod (2.3) to slowly descend, and the second ejector rod (2.2) to slowly ascend in an adaptive manner;
If the current identified on the ammeter (18) is b or the myopia is b, automatically judging that the sector A of the leveling disc (32) is higher according to the value of the ammeter (18), controlling the first ejector rod (2.1) and the second ejector rod (2.2) to slowly descend, and adaptively slowly ascending the third ejector rod (2.3);
If the current identified on the ammeter (18) is c or myopia is c, automatically judging that the sector B of the leveling disc (32) is higher according to the value of the ammeter (18), controlling the third ejector rod (2.3) and the second ejector rod (2.2) to slowly descend, and adaptively slowly ascending the first ejector rod (2.1);
if the current identified on the ammeter (18) is d or the myopia is d, automatically judging that the direction of a first virtual ray (1.1) of the leveling disc (32) is higher according to the value of the ammeter (18), and controlling the first ejector rod (2.1) to slowly descend, and adaptively slowly ascending the second ejector rod (2.2) and the third ejector rod (2.3);
if the current identified on the ammeter (18) is e or myopia is e, automatically judging that the direction of a second virtual ray (1.2) of the leveling disc (32) is higher according to the value of the ammeter (18), controlling the second ejector rod (2.2) to slowly descend, and adaptively slowly ascending the first ejector rod (2.1) and the third ejector rod (2.3);
if the current identified on the ammeter (18) is f or the myopia is f, automatically judging that the direction of a third virtual ray (1.3) of the leveling disc (32) is higher according to the value of the ammeter (18), and controlling the third ejector rod (2.3) to slowly descend, wherein the first ejector rod (2.1) and the second ejector rod (2.2) slowly ascend in an adaptive manner;
Until the current identified on the ammeter (18) becomes 0 and stabilizes for at least 3 seconds, at which time it is automatically determined to be leveled.
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| CN202210939020.XA CN115290050B (en) | 2022-08-05 | 2022-08-05 | Automatic leveling system and automatic leveling method for building surveying and mapping engineering instrument |
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| CN202210939020.XA CN115290050B (en) | 2022-08-05 | 2022-08-05 | Automatic leveling system and automatic leveling method for building surveying and mapping engineering instrument |
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| CN115290050B true CN115290050B (en) | 2024-05-14 |
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| CN202494446U (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2012-10-17 | 浙江金中机电科技有限公司 | Horizontal dynamic automatic monitor |
| WO2016148364A1 (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2016-09-22 | 방소윤 | Level for checking inclination of structure |
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| CN215725913U (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2022-02-01 | 北京万兴建筑集团有限公司 | Levelness detection device for building construction |
| CN114485591A (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2022-05-13 | 嘉善锦晟建筑工程有限公司 | On-spot mapping equipment is used to building engineering cost |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US10466050B2 (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2019-11-05 | Carlson Software, Inc. | Hybrid total station with electronic leveling |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1987004784A1 (en) * | 1986-01-30 | 1987-08-13 | Greville William Jones | Levelling system and level detector |
| CN202494446U (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2012-10-17 | 浙江金中机电科技有限公司 | Horizontal dynamic automatic monitor |
| WO2016148364A1 (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2016-09-22 | 방소윤 | Level for checking inclination of structure |
| CN112224164A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-01-15 | 盐城工业职业技术学院 | Automobile anti-collision azimuth sensor, circuit and working method |
| CN215725913U (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2022-02-01 | 北京万兴建筑集团有限公司 | Levelness detection device for building construction |
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