CN115285347B - High-speed inclined water inlet bionic load-reducing structure and water inlet method - Google Patents
High-speed inclined water inlet bionic load-reducing structure and water inlet method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115285347B CN115285347B CN202210768408.8A CN202210768408A CN115285347B CN 115285347 B CN115285347 B CN 115285347B CN 202210768408 A CN202210768408 A CN 202210768408A CN 115285347 B CN115285347 B CN 115285347B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C37/00—Convertible aircraft
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
- B63B3/13—Hulls built to withstand hydrostatic pressure when fully submerged, e.g. submarine hulls
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C1/00—Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C9/00—Adjustable control surfaces or members, e.g. rudders
- B64C9/34—Adjustable control surfaces or members, e.g. rudders collapsing or retracting against or within other surfaces or other members
- B64C9/36—Adjustable control surfaces or members, e.g. rudders collapsing or retracting against or within other surfaces or other members the members being fuselages or nacelles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C1/00—Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces or the like
- B64C2001/0045—Fuselages characterised by special shapes
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-speed inclined water-entering bionic load-reducing structure configuration and a water-entering method, and belongs to the field of water-entering bionic load-reducing design of structures. The tail rudder comprises a head, a column body and tail rudders, wherein the head is of a conical and spherical combined structure, the half cone angle of the cone is 8.5 degrees, the spherical structure part is rotationally connected with the head end of the column body, the tail rudders are distributed at the tail end of the column body in a circumferential direction uniformly, and the tail rudders can stretch out and draw back along the radial direction of the column body. It is mainly used for high-speed water entering of cross-medium structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of design of bionic load reduction of a structure in water, and particularly relates to a high-speed inclined water entering bionic load reduction structure configuration and a water entering method.
Background
The cross-medium structure adopts a horizontal flight attitude to improve the navigation stability when flying in the air at a high speed, and the flight attitude is required to be adjusted before entering water, so that the water entering is completed by diving downwards, and the inclined water entering is a water entering mode commonly adopted by the cross-medium structure. At present, the cross-medium structure at home and abroad is designed by adopting head shapes such as a ball head, a flat head, a truncated cone head and the like, and the three structures have better stability in the water entering process, but have larger impact load and greatly threaten the water entering safety of the structure. The sharper head configuration can reduce the impact load of entering water, and the cone head structure has the advantages of weak slamming effect, small impact load and the like when entering water, but the cone head structure has poor water entering stability, and the phenomenon of tail shooting and even body overturning frequently occurs in the underwater navigation stage. Therefore, there is a need for a water entry configuration that ensures the load-shedding effect of the head form and improves the stability of the water entry.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a bionic load-reducing structure for high-speed inclined water entry and a water entry method thereof, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a high-speed bionical load-reducing structure configuration that goes into water to one side, it includes head, cylinder and tail rudder, the head is toper and spherical integrated configuration, and conical half cone angle is 8.5, and spherical structure position links to each other with cylinder head end rotation, tail rudder quantity is a plurality of, and a plurality of tail rudders are at the tail end of cylinder along circumference equipartition, the tail rudder can radially stretch out and draw back along the cylinder.
Further, the number of the tail rudders is 4, and the 4 tail rudders are arranged in a cross shape.
Further, the tail end of the column body is provided with a slideway along the radial direction, and the tail rudder is connected with the slideway.
Further, a rotating mechanism is arranged between the head and the column body.
Further, the spherical structure of the head has the same diameter as the cylinder.
Further, an electromagnet is arranged at the head end of the cylinder.
Further, the electromagnet is an annular electromagnet.
Furthermore, the aspect ratio of the bionic load-reducing structure configuration is 10, and the length of the centroid is 58.91% of the length of the tip.
The invention also provides a water entering method of the bionic load-reducing structure configuration of the high-speed oblique water entering, and the bionic load-reducing structure configuration keeps the head part and the column body coaxial and stretches the tail rudder when flying in the air; before entering water, the head deflects 2 degrees, the tail rudder is retracted to dive to be close to the water surface, and the tail rudder enters water obliquely at a water entering angle of 30 degrees.
Further, when the head rotates, a rotation instruction is given, the electromagnet demagnetizes, and the magnetic force disappears; the rotating mechanism works; the electromagnet is magnetized, and the head is connected with the column body through magnetic force.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the biological northern swan in the nature has excellent high-speed water-entering fishing capability. According to the invention, by utilizing a bionic principle, a load-reducing means in the water-entering fishing process of the northern pond geese is analyzed, a bionic water-entering load-reducing structure configuration is designed, and the water-entering safety and stability of the structure are improved.
By analyzing the protection mechanism of the pond goose in the water entering process, the key load-reducing characteristic is extracted, and the high-speed inclined water entering bionic load-reducing structure configuration and the water entering method are designed, so that the impact load can be reduced during water entering, and the stability of the inclined water entering process can be ensured.
Compared with common ball head, flat head and truncated cone head cross-medium structures, the bionic load-reducing structure with high-speed inclined water inlet adopts the cone head, so that the slamming effect of the water inlet of the structure can be effectively weakened, and the impact load is reduced. By setting the off-axis angle theta of the conical head, the negative effect of radial load in the water entering process is minimized, and the underwater navigation stability is strong. In addition, the invention provides a new choice for the design of the high-speed water inlet structure, and the length-diameter ratio and water inlet off-axis angle of the structure can be changed during the design for different water inlet conditions and task requirements, so that the centroid position and the radial load born by the head are changed, the pitching moment born by the structure is controlled, and the underwater navigation attitude is controlled.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high-speed inclined water-entering bionic load-shedding structure configuration air flight state structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a head deflection angle of a high-speed inclined water-entering bionic load-reducing structure configuration according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a high-speed inclined water-entering bionic load-shedding structure configuration satellite coordinate system according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a high-speed inclined water entry bionic load reduction structure configuration before water entry;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model of a high-speed inclined water-entering bionic load-reducing structure configuration;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a high-speed inclined water-entering bionic load-reducing structure at a head joint.
1-movable head, 2-column, 3-telescopic tail rudder, 4-rotating mechanism installation area and 5-electromagnet installation area.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other, and the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.
1-6, the load-reducing characteristic of the northern geese in the pond can be divided into two parts, namely an appearance characteristic and an action characteristic; the appearance features include a sharp beak and a streamlined body, and the action features include stretching the body and gathering the wings before entering the water. The bionic load-reducing structure with high-speed inclined water entering is integrated with load-reducing characteristics of a northern pond goose, and comprises a head 1, a column body 2 and tail rudders 3, wherein the head 1 is of a conical and spherical combined structure, a conical half cone angle is 8.5 degrees identical to a beak part of the pond goose, the spherical structure part is rotationally connected with the head end of the column body 2, the number of the tail rudders 3 is multiple, the tail rudders 3 are uniformly distributed at the tail end of the column body 2 along the circumferential direction, and the tail rudders 3 can radially stretch out and draw back along the column body 2.
The number of the tail rudders 3 is 4, the 4 tail rudders 3 are arranged in a cross shape, a slide way is arranged at the tail end of the column body 2 along the radial direction, the tail rudders 3 are connected with the slide way to realize radial expansion and contraction of the tail rudders 3, the diameter of the spherical structure of the head 1 is the same as that of the column body 2, a rotating mechanism is arranged between the head 1 and the column body 2, and the head 1 can rotate around a shaft passing through a sphere center.
The spherical part of the head 1 and the head end of the column body are provided with circular holes to form a rotating mechanism installation area 4, so that the rotating mechanism is convenient to install. The head end of the cylinder 2 is provided with an electromagnet installation area, an annular electromagnet is arranged in the electromagnet installation area, the head 1 and the cylinder 2 are connected through magnetic force, the strength of the joint is improved, and the rotating shaft is protected.
The bionic load-reducing structure is provided with a movable head 1, and higher requirements are put forward on the safety and stability of the joint, in the embodiment, an annular electromagnet is arranged at the joint of the head 1 and the column 2, and the electromagnet is used as a main stress area when water is fed, so that the bionic load-reducing structure has the function of protecting a rotating shaft.
The head 1 adopts a spherical and conical combined structure to improve the shoulder fairing degree. Compared with the head types such as a conventional ball head, a flat head, a truncated cone head and the like, the bionic load-reducing structure has the advantages of small water inlet impact load and stable water inlet process.
The aspect ratio of the bionic load reduction structure is 10, the length-diameter ratio of the centroid is 58.91% of the length of the centroid from the tip, the centroid is obliquely filled with water at a water inlet angle of 30 degrees, the head adopts a cone shape with a half cone angle of 8.5 degrees and an off-axis of 2 degrees, so that the water inlet impact load can be greatly reduced, the head pressure distribution condition is improved, the negative effect of the radial load is reduced to the minimum, and the load reduction efficiency and the water inlet stability are both considered.
A bionic load-reducing structure configuration of high-speed inclined water inlet adopts a high-speed inclined water inlet load-reducing layout, and the load is increased first and then reduced and then tends to be stable in the radial direction in the water inlet process. The axial load is increased and then stabilized. The head off-axis angle theta influences the head pressure distribution of the bionic load reduction structure configuration, so that the radial load value and the pitching moment are influenced.
The definition of the off-axis angle theta of the head 1 is shown in fig. 2, and the definition of the satellite coordinate system is shown in fig. 3. The head 1 is rotatable about an axis of rotation passing through the centre of the sphere, the axis of rotation being arranged parallel to the y-axis of the satellite coordinate system. The y-axis positive direction is the positive direction of rotation of the head 1. The air flight attitude of the bionic load-reducing structure configuration is shown in fig. 1, and the attitude before entering water is shown in fig. 4. The layout of the joint of the bionic load-reducing structure and the head 1 is shown in figure 6.
The embodiment is a water entering method of a high-speed inclined water entering bionic load-reducing structure configuration, wherein when the bionic load-reducing structure configuration flies in the air, the head 1 and the column 2 are kept coaxial and the tail rudder 3 is stretched; before entering water, the head part 1 deflects 2 degrees, the tail rudder 3 is retracted to dive to be close to the water surface, and water is obliquely entered at a water entering angle of 30 degrees, so that the impact load of the water entering can be effectively reduced.
The bionic load reduction structure achieves the effects of reducing radial load and improving water inlet stability by arranging an off-axis angle through the head 1. The off-axis angle has little influence on the axial load in the water entering process of the structure, but has obvious influence on the radial load, and the influence mechanism of the off-axis angle on the impact load is explained from two aspects.
1. The off-axis angle changes the head 1 pressure distribution. When the non-off-axis angle enters water, the action range of the high-pressure area on the lower surface of the head 1 is larger than that of the upper surface, and after the off-axis angle is increased, the high-pressure area on the upper surface of the head 1 is increased, and the high-pressure area on the lower surface is reduced, so that the radial load is changed.
2. The off-axis angle changes the direction of pressure application. The presence of off-axis angles changes the direction of the line of pressure action, causing the resultant force to change direction, thereby affecting the impact load. The influence of the off-axis angle on the load can further change the pitching moment borne by the structure, thereby changing the underwater navigation attitude. The proper off-axis angle can keep the radial load of the structure entering water at a lower level, and improve the underwater navigation stability.
The flow of the rotation of the bionic load-reducing structure configuration head 1 is as follows: a rotation instruction is given, the electromagnet demagnetizes, and the magnetic force disappears; the rotating mechanism works; the electromagnet is magnetized, and the head 1 is tightly connected with the column body 2 through magnetic force.
The embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended only to help illustrate the invention. The examples are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a high-speed bionical load-reducing structure configuration that goes into water to one side which characterized in that: the novel tail vane device comprises a head (1), a column body (2) and tail vanes (3), wherein the head (1) is of a conical and spherical combined structure, the conical half cone angle is 8.5 degrees, the spherical structure part is rotationally connected with the head end of the column body (2), the number of the tail vanes (3) is multiple, the tail vanes (3) are uniformly distributed at the tail end of the column body (2) along the circumferential direction, the tail vanes (3) can radially stretch out and draw back along the column body (2), and an electromagnet is arranged at the head end of the column body (2) and is an annular electromagnet.
2. The high-speed inclined water-entering bionic load-reducing structure configuration according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the tail rudders (3) is 4, and the 4 tail rudders (3) are arranged in a cross shape.
3. The high-speed inclined water-entering bionic load-reducing structure configuration according to claim 1, wherein: the tail end of the column body (2) is provided with a slideway along the radial direction, and the tail rudder (3) is connected with the slideway.
4. The high-speed inclined water-entering bionic load-reducing structure configuration according to claim 1, wherein: a rotating mechanism is arranged between the head (1) and the column body (2).
5. The high-speed inclined water-entering bionic load-reducing structure configuration according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the spherical structure of the head part (1) is the same as that of the cylinder (2).
6. The high-speed inclined water-entering bionic load-reducing structure configuration according to claim 1, wherein: the aspect ratio of the bionic load-reducing structure is 10, and the length of the centroid is 58.91% of the length of the centroid from the tip.
7. A method of entering water in a high-speed oblique-entering water bionic load-shedding structure configuration as defined in claim 1, wherein: when the bionic load-reducing structure is in flight in the air, the head (1) and the column (2) are kept coaxial and the tail rudder (3) is stretched; before entering water, the head part (1) deflects by 2 degrees, the tail rudder (3) is retracted to dive to be close to the water surface, and water is obliquely entered at a water entering angle of 30 degrees.
8. The method for entering water in the high-speed inclined water entering bionic load-reducing structure configuration, which is characterized in that: when the head (1) rotates, a rotation instruction is given, the electromagnet demagnetizes, and the magnetic force disappears; the rotating mechanism works; the electromagnet is magnetized, and the head (1) is connected with the column body (2) through magnetic force.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210768408.8A CN115285347B (en) | 2022-07-01 | 2022-07-01 | High-speed inclined water inlet bionic load-reducing structure and water inlet method |
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| CN202210768408.8A CN115285347B (en) | 2022-07-01 | 2022-07-01 | High-speed inclined water inlet bionic load-reducing structure and water inlet method |
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| CN115285347B true CN115285347B (en) | 2023-06-23 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107878748B (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-06-18 | 中国运载火箭技术研究院 | Across the medium aircraft casing structure of one kind and aircraft |
| CN109878699B (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2022-02-15 | 吉林大学 | Cross-medium aircraft propeller telescoping and aircraft nose tilting device |
| CN110239712B (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-01-12 | 中国科学院自动化研究所 | Water-air amphibious cross-medium bionic robot flying fish |
| CN112758314B (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2022-07-26 | 北京交通大学 | Deformable composite wing cross-medium flying submersible vehicle |
| CN113108654B (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-11-23 | 西北工业大学 | Air water flushing combined cross-medium anti-ship anti-submarine missile |
| CN114001601B (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-07-08 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Ventilation load reduction and posture adjustment device for high-speed cross-medium water inlet and adjustment method thereof |
| CN113829815A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2021-12-24 | 中山大学 | Bionic cross-medium unmanned aircraft capable of repeatedly discharging and entering water |
| RU2768999C1 (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-03-28 | Дмитрий Сергеевич Дуров | Coastal air-rocket reusable autonomous complex |
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