CN115278467B - Sound field restoration method and device and automobile - Google Patents
Sound field restoration method and device and automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN115278467B CN115278467B CN202110478497.8A CN202110478497A CN115278467B CN 115278467 B CN115278467 B CN 115278467B CN 202110478497 A CN202110478497 A CN 202110478497A CN 115278467 B CN115278467 B CN 115278467B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R3/12—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones for distributing signals to two or more loudspeakers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS
- H04S7/00—Indicating arrangements; Control arrangements, e.g. balance control
- H04S7/30—Control circuits for electronic adaptation of the sound field
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2203/00—Details of circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R3/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2203/12—Beamforming aspects for stereophonic sound reproduction with loudspeaker arrays
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Abstract
The invention provides a sound field restoration method, a sound field restoration device and an automobile, comprising the following steps of S1, acquiring sound pressure signals of a plurality of measurement points in a restored sound field; s2, inputting sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points into a preset acoustic holographic calculation model to obtain low-frequency near-field restored data; inputting sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points into a preset wave beam forming calculation model to obtain high-frequency far-field restored data; respectively carrying out normalization processing on the restored data of the low-frequency near field and the restored data of the high-frequency far field to obtain a sound field restored signal of the low-frequency near field and a sound field restored signal of the high-frequency far field; step S3, carrying out mixed superposition weight calculation on sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points to obtain a sound field restoring signal of a low-frequency far field and a sound field restoring signal of a high-frequency near field; and S4, synthesizing to obtain a sound field reduction result. The invention can accurately restore the sound field characteristics under complex application scenes and has high applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of acoustic technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for restoring a sound field, and an automobile.
Background
The existing sound field restoration technology adopts a single method, such as a beam forming method or an acoustic holographic method, and inherent defects of the single method are inevitably brought, such as poor positioning effect of the beam forming technology in a low-frequency near-field scene, insufficient resolution of the acoustic holographic technology in a high-frequency far-field scene and the like. In engineering applications, however, the sound field to be restored may include both a low-frequency near-field scene and a high-frequency far-field scene, so that the conventional sound field restoration technology has poor applicability in complex scenes.
The existing sound field restoration method based on the beam forming algorithm has the defects of low frequency resolution and poor near field identification effect, while the sound field restoration technology adopting the acoustic hologram method has the defects of low high frequency resolution and poor far field identification effect. Generally, the two technical methods can only be applied in certain characteristic scenes, and have large application limitations.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sound field restoration method, a sound field restoration device and an automobile, and solves the technical problems that the existing method is poor in low-frequency or high-frequency resolution and poor in near-field or far-field identification effect, so that the method is applicable only in a characteristic scene and has large application limitation.
In one aspect, a sound field restoration method is provided, including the steps of:
step S1, sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points in a restored sound field are obtained;
s2, inputting sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points into a preset acoustic holographic calculation model to obtain low-frequency near-field restored data; inputting sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points into a preset wave beam forming calculation model to obtain high-frequency far-field restored data; respectively carrying out normalization processing on the restored data of the low-frequency near field and the restored data of the high-frequency far field to obtain a sound field restored signal of the low-frequency near field and a sound field restored signal of the high-frequency far field;
wherein, the sound pressure signal with the frequency of the sound field restoring signal not higher than the analysis frequency upper limit of 1/2 is defined as a low frequency signal; defining a sound pressure signal with a frequency of the sound field restoration signal not lower than 1/2 of the analysis frequency upper limit as a high frequency signal; defining a sound pressure signal with a restoring point of the sound field restoring signal and any measuring point not more than 3 times the distance between the signal acquisition array and the farthest sensor as a near field signal; defining a sound pressure signal with the restoration point of the sound field restoration signal and any measuring point distance not smaller than 3 times of the farthest sensor distance of the signal acquisition array as a far-field signal;
step S3, carrying out mixed superposition weight calculation on sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points to obtain a sound field restoring signal of a low-frequency far field and a sound field restoring signal of a high-frequency near field;
the sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points are input into a preset sound hologram calculation model to obtain sound field sound pressure of a low-frequency far field and sound field sound pressure of a high-frequency near field; inputting sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points into a preset wave beam forming calculation model to obtain sound field distribution signals of a low-frequency far field and sound field distribution signals of a high-frequency near field;
normalization processing and weighting are carried out on sound field sound pressure of a low-frequency far field and sound field distribution signals of the low-frequency far field, so that sound field restoring signals of the low-frequency far field are obtained;
normalization processing and weighting are carried out on sound field sound pressure of the high-frequency near field and sound field distribution signals of the high-frequency near field, so that sound field restoring signals of the high-frequency near field are obtained;
and S4, synthesizing the sound field restoration signal of the low-frequency near field, the sound field restoration signal of the high-frequency far field, the sound field restoration signal of the low-frequency far field and the sound field restoration signal of the high-frequency near field to obtain a sound field restoration result.
Preferably, the step S2 further includes:
classifying a sound field restoration signal belonging to a low-frequency signal and belonging to a near-field signal as a sound pressure signal of a low-frequency near-field; classifying the sound field restoration signal belonging to the low-frequency signal and belonging to the far-field signal as a sound pressure signal of the low-frequency far-field; classifying a sound field restoration signal belonging to the high-frequency signal and belonging to the near-field signal as a sound pressure signal of the high-frequency near-field; the sound field restoration signal belonging to the high-frequency signal and belonging to the far-field signal is classified as a sound pressure signal of the high-frequency far-field.
Preferably, in step S2, the restored data of the low frequency near field is normalized according to the following formula:
wherein P is nl A sound field restoration signal representing a low frequency near field;restored data representing a low frequency near field; i represent a binary norm.
Preferably, in step S2, the restored data of the high frequency far field is normalized according to the following formula:
wherein P is fh A sound field restoration signal representing a high frequency far field;reduced data representing a high frequency far field; i represent a binary norm.
Preferably, in step S3, the sound field sound pressure of the low frequency far field, the sound field distribution signal of the low frequency far field are normalized and weighted according to the following formula:
wherein, I represent a second norm; alpha represents a weighting coefficient, and the value range of the weighting coefficient is alpha epsilon (0.2, 0.8);sound field sound pressure representing the low frequency far field; />A sound field distribution signal representing a low frequency far field; p (P) fl Representing a sound field restored signal of a low frequency far field.
Preferably, in step S3, the sound field sound pressure of the high-frequency near field, the sound field distribution signal of the high-frequency near field is normalized and weighted according to the following formula:
wherein, I represent a second norm; alpha represents a weighting coefficient, and the value range of the weighting coefficient is alpha epsilon (0.2, 0.8);sound field sound pressure representing a high-frequency near field; />A sound field distribution signal representing a high-frequency near field; p (P) nh Representing a sound field restoration signal of a high frequency near field.
Preferably, in step S4, synthesis is performed according to the following formula, obtaining a sound field restoration result:
wherein P is f Representing a sound field restoration result; p (P) nh A sound field restoration signal representing a high-frequency near field; p (P) fl A sound field restored signal representing a low frequency far field; p (P) nl A sound field restoration signal representing a low frequency near field; p (P) fh Representing a sound field restored signal in the high frequency far field.
On the other hand, a sound field restoration device is also provided, and the sound field in the vehicle is restored by the sound field restoration method.
The invention also provides an automobile, and the sound field in the automobile is restored by the sound field restoring device.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the sound field restoration method, the sound field restoration device and the automobile provided by the invention combine two algorithms of beam forming and acoustic holography, automatically divide a complex sound field into four scenes, restore a high-frequency far-field sound field by using the beam forming algorithm, restore a near-field low-frequency sound field by using the acoustic holography algorithm, and simultaneously provide a mixed superposition weight algorithm to restore the near-field high-frequency sound field and the far-field low-frequency sound field. The sound field restoration algorithm subjected to self-adaptive distribution can greatly improve the sound field restoration precision. The method can accurately restore the sound field characteristics in complex application scenes, and has good applicability and engineering application value.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that it is within the scope of the invention to one skilled in the art to obtain other drawings from these drawings without inventive faculty.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a sound field restoration method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of sound field restoration measurement in an automobile according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, for the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a sound field restoration method according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the method comprises the steps of:
step S1, sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points in a restored sound field are obtained; it can be understood that the sound pressure signal of the sound field to be restored can be obtained through the signal acquisition systemWherein->Representing the sound pressure at the mth measurement point.
S2, inputting sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points into a preset acoustic holographic calculation model to obtain low-frequency near-field restored data; inputting sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points into a preset wave beam forming calculation model to obtain high-frequency far-field restored data; respectively carrying out normalization processing on the restored data of the low-frequency near field and the restored data of the high-frequency far field to obtain a sound field restored signal of the low-frequency near field and a sound field restored signal of the high-frequency far field; it will be appreciated that the acoustic holographic method is used to calculate the restored data of the low frequency near fieldWherein the acoustic holographic method comprises but is not limited to plane acoustic holographic based on Fourier transformation, acoustic holographic based on equivalent source method and acoustic holographic based on inverse edgeAcoustic holography by the boundary element method, and the like. Calculating the restored data +.>Wherein the beam forming method includes, but is not limited to, a conventional beam forming method, a deconvolution beam forming method, etc., specifically, dividing the sound field restored signals into 4 groups, i.e. +.>
Respectively corresponding to a low-frequency near-field, a low-frequency far-field, a high-frequency near-field and a high-frequency far-field scene. Wherein i+j+k+m=n, N being the number of restore points.
In a specific embodiment, the specific process of classifying the sound pressure signals of the multiple measuring points in the restored sound field is as follows: defining a sound pressure signal with a frequency of the sound field restoration signal not higher than 1/2 of the analysis frequency upper limit as a low frequency signal; the sound pressure signal with the frequency not lower than the analysis frequency upper limit 1/2 is defined as a high-frequency signal; defining a sound pressure signal with a restoring point of the sound field restoring signal and any measuring point not more than 3 times the distance between the signal acquisition array and the farthest sensor as a near field signal; defining a sound pressure signal with the restoration point of the sound field restoration signal and any measuring point distance not smaller than 3 times of the farthest sensor distance of the signal acquisition array as a far-field signal; classifying a sound field restoration signal belonging to a low-frequency signal and belonging to a near-field signal as a sound pressure signal of a low-frequency near-field; classifying the sound field restoration signal belonging to the low-frequency signal and belonging to the far-field signal as a sound pressure signal of the low-frequency far-field; classifying a sound field restoration signal belonging to the high-frequency signal and belonging to the near-field signal as a sound pressure signal of the high-frequency near-field; the sound field restoration signal belonging to the high-frequency signal and belonging to the far-field signal is classified as a sound pressure signal of the high-frequency far-field.
And normalizing the restored data of the low-frequency near field according to the following formula:
wherein P is nl A sound field restoration signal representing a low frequency near field;restored data representing a low frequency near field; i represent a binary norm.
Normalization processing is carried out on the restored data of the high-frequency far field according to the following formula:
wherein P is fh A sound field restoration signal representing a high frequency far field;reduced data representing a high frequency far field; i represent a binary norm.
Step S3, performing mixed superposition weight calculation on sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points to obtain a sound field restoring signal P of a low-frequency far field fl Sound field restoring signal P of high-frequency near field nh The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the It can be appreciated that the mixed superposition weight algorithm is used to calculate P fl And P nh . Firstly, respectively adopting an acoustic holographic method and a beam forming method to calculate sound field distribution information at a low-frequency far field and a high-frequency near field restoration pointWherein (1)>And->For sound-field sound pressure calculated by means of the acoustic holographic method, < >>And->The method is used for calculating the obtained sound field distribution signal by adopting a beam forming method.
In a specific embodiment, sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points are input into a preset sound hologram calculation model to obtain sound field sound pressure of a low-frequency far field and sound field sound pressure of a high-frequency near field; inputting sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points into a preset wave beam forming calculation model to obtain sound field distribution signals of a low-frequency far field and sound field distribution signals of a high-frequency near field;
normalization processing and weighting are carried out on sound field sound pressure of a low-frequency far field and sound field distribution signals of the low-frequency far field, so that sound field restoring signals of the low-frequency far field are obtained; specifically, normalization processing and weighting are carried out on sound field sound pressure of a low-frequency far field and sound field distribution signals of the low-frequency far field according to the following formula:
wherein, I represent a second norm; alpha represents a weighting coefficient, the value range of the weighting coefficient is alpha epsilon (0.2, 0.8), and proper value is usually required to be selected according to actual analysis conditions;sound field sound pressure representing the low frequency far field; />A sound field distribution signal representing a low frequency far field; p (P) fl Representing a sound field restored signal of a low frequency far field.
And normalizing and weighting the sound field sound pressure of the high-frequency near field and the sound field distribution signal of the high-frequency near field to obtain a sound field restoring signal of the high-frequency near field. Specifically, normalization processing and weighting are carried out on sound field sound pressure of the high-frequency near field and sound field distribution signals of the high-frequency near field according to the following formula:
wherein, I represent a second norm; alpha represents a weighting coefficient, the value range of the weighting coefficient is alpha epsilon (0.2, 0.8), and proper value is usually required to be selected according to actual analysis conditions;sound field sound pressure representing a high-frequency near field; />A sound field distribution signal representing a high-frequency near field; p (P) nh Representing a sound field restoration signal of a high frequency near field.
And S4, synthesizing the sound field restoration signal of the low-frequency near field, the sound field restoration signal of the high-frequency far field, the sound field restoration signal of the low-frequency far field and the sound field restoration signal of the high-frequency near field to obtain a sound field restoration result. Specifically, synthesis is performed according to the following formula to obtain a sound field restoration result:
wherein P is f Representing a sound field restoration result; p (P) nh A sound field restoration signal representing a high-frequency near field; p (P) fl A sound field restored signal representing a low frequency far field; p (P) nl A sound field restoration signal representing a low frequency near field; p (P) fh Representing a sound field restored signal in the high frequency far field.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a sound field restoration device, and the sound field in the vehicle is restored by the sound field restoration device method. For the specific implementation process of the sound field restoration apparatus, reference is made to the content of the method of the sound field restoration apparatus, and details thereof are not repeated herein.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an automobile, and the sound field in the automobile is restored by the sound field restoring device. The specific implementation process refers to the content of the above sound field restoration apparatus method, and will not be described herein.
As shown in FIG. 2, a sound field measurement is shown near the front cabin of the vehicleIntent. Aiming at sound field information near a front cabin in a vehicle, when the sound field is restored, the radius of a spherical array with a bracket in the figure is 0.1m, and 36 microphones are embedded in the spherical surface, namelyThe spherical array is placed on the front passenger seat, and the vertical distance between the center point of the microphone array and the instrument desk is 0.5m. The noise analysis frequency range in the automobile is 0-3000Hz. The 50 points on the instrument desk are taken as restoring points, namely N=50, wherein the farthest distance between the restoring points and the center of the microphone array is 1.2m, and the nearest distance is 0.5m. The four scenarios of the partition are shown in the following table:
where α=0.5. The sound field restoration result P can be synthesized by adopting the method of the sound field restoration device f 。
In summary, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the sound field restoration method, the sound field restoration device and the automobile provided by the invention combine two algorithms of beam forming and acoustic holography, automatically divide a complex sound field into four scenes, restore a high-frequency far-field sound field by using the beam forming algorithm, restore a near-field low-frequency sound field by using the acoustic holography algorithm, and simultaneously provide a mixed superposition weight algorithm to restore the near-field high-frequency sound field and the far-field low-frequency sound field. The sound field restoration algorithm subjected to self-adaptive distribution can greatly improve the sound field restoration precision. The method can accurately restore the sound field characteristics in complex application scenes, and has good applicability and engineering application value.
The foregoing disclosure is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A sound field restoration method, characterized by comprising the steps of:
step S1, sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points in a restored sound field are obtained;
s2, inputting sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points into a preset acoustic holographic calculation model to obtain low-frequency near-field restored data; inputting sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points into a preset wave beam forming calculation model to obtain high-frequency far-field restored data; respectively carrying out normalization processing on the restored data of the low-frequency near field and the restored data of the high-frequency far field to obtain a sound field restored signal of the low-frequency near field and a sound field restored signal of the high-frequency far field;
wherein, the sound pressure signal with the frequency of the sound field restoring signal not higher than the analysis frequency upper limit of 1/2 is defined as a low frequency signal; defining a sound pressure signal with a frequency of the sound field restoration signal not lower than 1/2 of the analysis frequency upper limit as a high frequency signal; defining a sound pressure signal with a restoring point of the sound field restoring signal and any measuring point not more than 3 times the distance between the signal acquisition array and the farthest sensor as a near field signal; defining a sound pressure signal with the restoration point of the sound field restoration signal and any measuring point distance not smaller than 3 times of the farthest sensor distance of the signal acquisition array as a far-field signal;
step S3, carrying out mixed superposition weight calculation on sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points to obtain a sound field restoring signal of a low-frequency far field and a sound field restoring signal of a high-frequency near field;
the sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points are input into a preset sound hologram calculation model to obtain sound field sound pressure of a low-frequency far field and sound field sound pressure of a high-frequency near field; inputting sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points into a preset wave beam forming calculation model to obtain sound field distribution signals of a low-frequency far field and sound field distribution signals of a high-frequency near field;
normalization processing and weighting are carried out on sound field sound pressure of a low-frequency far field and sound field distribution signals of the low-frequency far field, so that sound field restoring signals of the low-frequency far field are obtained;
normalization processing and weighting are carried out on sound field sound pressure of the high-frequency near field and sound field distribution signals of the high-frequency near field, so that sound field restoring signals of the high-frequency near field are obtained;
and S4, synthesizing the sound field restoration signal of the low-frequency near field, the sound field restoration signal of the high-frequency far field, the sound field restoration signal of the low-frequency far field and the sound field restoration signal of the high-frequency near field to obtain a sound field restoration result.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step S2 further comprises:
classifying a sound field restoration signal belonging to a low-frequency signal and belonging to a near-field signal as a sound pressure signal of a low-frequency near-field; classifying the sound field restoration signal belonging to the low-frequency signal and belonging to the far-field signal as a sound pressure signal of the low-frequency far-field; classifying a sound field restoration signal belonging to the high-frequency signal and belonging to the near-field signal as a sound pressure signal of the high-frequency near-field; the sound field restoration signal belonging to the high-frequency signal and belonging to the far-field signal is classified as a sound pressure signal of the high-frequency far-field.
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that in step S2 the restored data of the low frequency near field is normalized according to the following formula:
wherein P is nl A sound field restoration signal representing a low frequency near field;restored data representing a low frequency near field; i represent a binary norm.
4. A method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that in step S2 the restored data of the high frequency far field is normalized according to the following formula:
wherein P is fh A sound field restoration signal representing a high frequency far field;reduced data representing a high frequency far field; i represent a binary norm.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S3, the sound field sound pressure of the low frequency far field, the sound field distribution signal of the low frequency far field are normalized and weighted according to the following formula:
wherein, I represent a second norm; alpha represents a weighting coefficient, and the value range of the weighting coefficient is alpha epsilon (0.2, 0.8);sound field sound pressure representing the low frequency far field; />A sound field distribution signal representing a low frequency far field; p (P) fl Representing a sound field restored signal of a low frequency far field.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the sound field sound pressure of the high frequency near field, the sound field distribution signal of the high frequency near field is normalized and weighted according to the following formula:
wherein, I represent a second norm; alpha represents a weighting coefficient, and the value range of the weighting coefficient is alpha epsilon (0.2, 0.8);sound field sound pressure representing a high-frequency near field; />A sound field distribution signal representing a high-frequency near field; p (P) nh Representing a sound field restoration signal of a high frequency near field.
7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein in step S4, synthesis is performed according to the following formula to obtain a sound field restoration result:
wherein P is f Representing a sound field restoration result; p (P) nh A sound field restoration signal representing a high-frequency near field; p (P) fl A sound field restored signal representing a low frequency far field; p (P) nl A sound field restoration signal representing a low frequency near field; p (P) fh Representing a sound field restored signal in the high frequency far field.
8. A sound field restoration apparatus for restoring a sound field in a vehicle by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. An automobile, wherein the sound field in the automobile is restored by the sound field restoration apparatus according to claim 8.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CA2468147A1 (en) * | 2003-05-26 | 2004-11-26 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Sound field measurement device |
| CN102857850A (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2013-01-02 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Near-field calibrating method for acoustic parameters of high-frequency ultrasonic emitter and array |
| CN110487393A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-11-22 | 安徽大学 | The unstable state free field restoring method measured using single side acoustic pressure and particle velocity |
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| US20130243201A1 (en) * | 2012-02-23 | 2013-09-19 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Efficient control of sound field rotation in binaural spatial sound |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2468147A1 (en) * | 2003-05-26 | 2004-11-26 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Sound field measurement device |
| CN102857850A (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2013-01-02 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Near-field calibrating method for acoustic parameters of high-frequency ultrasonic emitter and array |
| CN110487393A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-11-22 | 安徽大学 | The unstable state free field restoring method measured using single side acoustic pressure and particle velocity |
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