CN115278467A - Sound field restoration method and device and automobile - Google Patents
Sound field restoration method and device and automobile Download PDFInfo
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- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
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- H04R2203/00—Details of circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R3/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
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Abstract
The invention provides a sound field restoration method, a sound field restoration device and an automobile, wherein the sound field restoration method comprises the steps of S1, obtaining sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points in a restoration sound field; s2, inputting sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points into a preset acoustic holographic calculation model to obtain reduction data of a low-frequency near field; inputting sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points into a preset beam forming calculation model to obtain recovery data of a high-frequency far field; normalizing the restored data of the low-frequency near field and the restored data of the high-frequency far field respectively to obtain a sound field restored signal of the low-frequency near field and a sound field restored signal of the high-frequency far field; s3, performing aliasing weighting calculation on the sound pressure signals of the plurality of measurement points to obtain a sound field restoration signal of a low-frequency far field and a sound field restoration signal of a high-frequency near field; and S4, synthesizing to obtain a sound field reduction result. The method can accurately restore the sound field characteristics in a complex application scene, and has high applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of acoustics, in particular to a sound field restoration method and device and an automobile.
Background
The existing sound field reduction technology adopts a single method, such as a beam forming method or an acoustic holography method, which inevitably brings inherent defects of the single method, such as poor positioning effect of the beam forming technology in a low-frequency near-field scene, insufficient resolution of the acoustic holography technology in a high-frequency far-field scene, and the like. In engineering application, a sound field to be restored may include both a low-frequency near-field scene and a high-frequency far-field scene, so that the conventional sound field restoration technology has poor applicability in a complex scene.
The existing sound field restoration method based on the beam forming algorithm has the defects of poor low-frequency resolution and poor near field identification effect, while the sound field restoration technology adopting the acoustic holography method has the defects of low high-frequency resolution and poor far field identification effect. Generally, the two technical methods can only be applied in certain characteristic scenes, and have great application limitation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sound field reduction method, a sound field reduction device and an automobile, and solves the technical problems that the existing method is poor in low-frequency or high-frequency resolution and poor in near field or far field identification effect, so that the method can only be applied in a characteristic scene and is large in application limitation.
In one aspect, a sound field restoration method is provided, which includes the following steps:
s1, sound pressure signals of a plurality of measurement points in a reduction sound field are obtained;
s2, inputting sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points into a preset acoustic holographic calculation model to obtain low-frequency near-field reduction data; inputting sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points into a preset beam forming calculation model to obtain recovery data of a high-frequency far field; normalizing the restored data of the low-frequency near field and the restored data of the high-frequency far field respectively to obtain a sound field restored signal of the low-frequency near field and a sound field restored signal of the high-frequency far field;
s3, performing aliasing weighting calculation on the sound pressure signals of the plurality of measurement points to obtain a sound field restoration signal of a low-frequency far field and a sound field restoration signal of a high-frequency near field;
and S4, synthesizing the sound field recovery signal of the low-frequency near field, the sound field recovery signal of the high-frequency far field, the sound field recovery signal of the low-frequency far field and the sound field recovery signal of the high-frequency near field to obtain a sound field recovery result.
Preferably, the step S2 further includes:
defining a sound pressure signal with the frequency of the sound field restoration signal not higher than 1/2 of the upper limit of the analysis frequency as a low-frequency signal; the sound pressure signal with the frequency not lower than the upper limit of the analysis frequency (1/2) is defined as a high-frequency signal; defining a sound pressure signal, the distance between a reduction point of a sound field reduction signal and any measurement point of which is not more than 3 times of the distance between the reduction point and the farthest sensor of the signal acquisition array, as a near field signal; defining a sound pressure signal with the distance between the reduction point of the sound field reduction signal and any measurement point not less than 3 times of the distance between the signal acquisition array and the farthest sensor as a far field signal;
classifying a sound field restoration signal belonging to a low-frequency signal and to a near-field signal as a low-frequency near-field sound pressure signal; classifying a sound field restoration signal belonging to a low-frequency signal and to a far-field signal as a low-frequency far-field sound pressure signal; classifying a sound field restoration signal belonging to a high-frequency signal and to a near-field signal as a high-frequency near-field sound pressure signal; the sound field restoration signal belonging to the high frequency signal and to the far field signal is classified as a sound pressure signal of the high frequency far field.
Preferably, in step S3, the restored data of the low frequency near field is normalized according to the following formula:
wherein, PnlA sound field restoration signal representing a low frequency near field;
restored data representing a low frequency near field; | | cndot | represents twoAnd (4) norm.
Preferably, in step S3, the restored data of the high-frequency far field is normalized according to the following formula:
wherein, PfhA sound field recovery signal representing a high frequency far field;
restored data representing a high frequency far field; i | · | | represents a two-norm.
Preferably, the step S4 includes: sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points are input into a preset acoustic holographic calculation model to obtain sound field sound pressure of a low-frequency far field and sound field sound pressure of a high-frequency near field; sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points are input into a preset beam forming calculation model to obtain a low-frequency far-field sound field distribution signal and a high-frequency near-field sound field distribution signal;
normalizing and weighting sound field sound pressure of a low-frequency far field and sound field distribution signals of the low-frequency far field to obtain a sound field restoration signal of the low-frequency far field;
and normalizing and weighting the sound field sound pressure of the high-frequency near field and the sound field distribution signal of the high-frequency near field to obtain a sound field restoration signal of the high-frequency near field.
Preferably, in step S4, the sound field sound pressure of the low-frequency far field and the sound field distribution signal of the low-frequency far field are normalized and weighted according to the following formulas:
wherein, | | · | | represents a two-norm; alpha represents a weighting coefficient, and the value range of the alpha belongs to (0.2, 0.8);
sound field sound pressure representing a low frequency far field;
a sound field distribution signal representing a low frequency far field; pflAnd representing the sound field recovery signal of the low-frequency far field.
Preferably, in step S4, the sound field sound pressure of the high frequency near field, the sound field distribution signal of the high frequency near field are normalized and weighted according to the following formulas:
wherein, | | · | | represents a two-norm; alpha represents a weighting coefficient, and the value range of the weighting coefficient is alpha belongs to (0.2, 0.8);
sound field pressures representing high frequency near fields;
a sound field distribution signal representing a high frequency near field; pnhThe sound field representing the high frequency near field restores the signal.
Preferably, in step S5, the synthesis is performed according to the following formula to obtain the sound field reduction result:
wherein, PfRepresenting the sound field restoration result; field sound pressure; pnhA sound field restoration signal representing a high frequency near field; pflA sound field restoration signal representing a low frequency far field; pnlA sound field restoration signal representing a low frequency near field; pfhAnd the sound field representing the high-frequency far field restores the signal.
On the other hand, the sound field restoration device is also provided, and the sound field in the vehicle is restored through the sound field restoration method.
The invention also provides an automobile, and the sound field in the automobile is restored through the sound field restoration device.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the sound field restoration method, the sound field restoration device and the automobile, beam forming and acoustic holography algorithms are combined, a complex sound field is automatically divided into four scenes, a high-frequency far-field sound field is restored by using the beam forming algorithm, a near-field low-frequency sound field is restored by using the acoustic holography algorithm, and a near-field high-frequency sound field and a far-field low-frequency sound field are restored by using an aliasing weighting algorithm. The sound field reduction accuracy can be greatly improved through the self-adaptive distribution sound field reduction algorithm. The method can accurately restore the sound field characteristics in a complex application scene, and has good applicability and engineering application value.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is within the scope of the present invention for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without inventive labor.
Fig. 1 is a schematic main flow diagram of a sound field reduction method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of reduction measurement of an in-car sound field in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a sound field restoration method according to the present invention.
In this embodiment, the method comprises the steps of:
s1, sound pressure signals of a plurality of measurement points in a reduction sound field are obtained; it can be understood that the sound pressure signal of the sound field to be restored can be acquired by the signal acquisition system
Wherein
Representing the sound pressure at the mth measurement point.
S2, inputting sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points into a preset acoustic holographic calculation model to obtain low-frequency near-field reduction data; inputting sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points into a preset beam forming calculation model to obtain recovery data of a high-frequency far field; normalizing the restored data of the low-frequency near field and the restored data of the high-frequency far field respectively to obtain a sound field restored signal of the low-frequency near field and a sound field restored signal of the high-frequency far field; it can be understood that the acoustic holography method is adopted to calculate the recovery data of the low-frequency near field
The acoustic holography method includes, but is not limited to, planar acoustic holography based on fourier transform, acoustic holography based on an equivalent source method, acoustic holography based on an inverse boundary element method, and the like. Calculating recovery data of high-frequency far field by using beam forming method
Wherein, the beam forming method includes but is not limited to the conventional beam forming method, the deconvolution beam forming method, etc., and specifically, the sound field reduction signals are divided into 4 groups, i.e., 4 groups
Respectively corresponding to a low-frequency near field scene, a low-frequency far field scene, a high-frequency near field scene and a high-frequency far field scene. Wherein i + j + k + m = N, and N is the number of reduction points.
In a specific embodiment, the specific process of classifying the sound pressure signals of a plurality of measurement points in the restored sound field is as follows: defining a sound pressure signal with the frequency of the sound field restoration signal not higher than 1/2 of the upper limit of the analysis frequency as a low-frequency signal; the sound pressure signal with the frequency not lower than 1/2 of the upper limit of the analysis frequency is defined as a high-frequency signal; defining a sound pressure signal, the distance between a reduction point of a sound field reduction signal and any measurement point of which is not more than 3 times of the distance between the reduction point and the farthest sensor of the signal acquisition array, as a near field signal; defining a sound pressure signal with the distance between the reduction point of the sound field reduction signal and any measurement point not less than 3 times of the distance between the signal acquisition array and the farthest sensor as a far field signal; classifying a sound field restoration signal belonging to a low-frequency signal and to a near-field signal as a low-frequency near-field sound pressure signal; classifying a sound field restoration signal belonging to a low-frequency signal and to a far-field signal as a low-frequency far-field sound pressure signal; classifying a sound field restoration signal belonging to the high-frequency signal and to the near-field signal as a high-frequency near-field sound pressure signal; the sound field restoration signal belonging to the high frequency signal and to the far field signal is classified as a sound pressure signal of the high frequency far field.
Normalizing the restored data of the low-frequency near field according to the following formula:
wherein, PnlA sound field restoration signal representing a low frequency near field;
restored data representing a low frequency near field; i | · | | represents a two-norm.
Normalizing the restored data of the high-frequency far field according to the following formula:
wherein, PfhA sound field restoration signal representing a high frequency far field;
restored data representing a high frequency far field; i | · | | represents a two-norm.
S3, carrying out aliasing weighting calculation on the sound pressure signals of the plurality of measuring points to obtain low frequencyFar field sound field recovery signal PflHigh frequency near field sound field recovery signal Pnh(ii) a It will be appreciated that the P is calculated using an aliasing weighting algorithmflAnd Pnh. Firstly, respectively adopting an acoustic holography method and a beam forming method to calculate sound field distribution information at low-frequency far-field and high-frequency near-field restoring points
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and
in order to calculate the sound field sound pressure by adopting an acoustic holography method,
and
the sound field distribution signal obtained by adopting a beam forming method is calculated.
In a specific embodiment, sound pressure signals of a plurality of measurement points are input into a preset acoustic holography calculation model to obtain sound field sound pressure of a low-frequency far field and sound field sound pressure of a high-frequency near field; sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points are input into a preset beam forming calculation model to obtain a sound field distribution signal of a low-frequency far field and a sound field distribution signal of a high-frequency near field;
normalizing and weighting sound field sound pressure of a low-frequency far field and sound field distribution signals of the low-frequency far field to obtain a sound field reduction signal of the low-frequency far field; specifically, the sound field sound pressure of the low-frequency far field and the sound field distribution signal of the low-frequency far field are normalized and weighted according to the following formulas:
wherein, | | · | | represents a two-norm; alpha represents a weighting coefficient, and the value range of the weighting coefficient is alpha epsilon (0.2,0)8), selecting proper values according to actual analysis conditions;
sound field sound pressure representing a low frequency far field;
a sound field distribution signal representing a low frequency far field; p isflAnd the sound field recovery signal of a low-frequency far field is represented.
And normalizing and weighting the sound field sound pressure of the high-frequency near field and the sound field distribution signal of the high-frequency near field to obtain a sound field restoration signal of the high-frequency near field. Specifically, the sound field sound pressures of the high-frequency near field and the sound field distribution signals of the high-frequency near field are normalized and weighted according to the following formulas:
wherein, | | · | | | represents a two-norm; alpha represents a weighting coefficient, the value range of the weighting coefficient is alpha belongs to (0.2, 0.8), and a proper value is usually selected according to the actual analysis condition;
sound field pressures representing high frequency near fields;
a sound field distribution signal representing a high frequency near field; pnhThe sound field representing the high frequency near field restores the signal.
And S4, synthesizing the sound field recovery signal of the low-frequency near field, the sound field recovery signal of the high-frequency far field, the sound field recovery signal of the low-frequency far field and the sound field recovery signal of the high-frequency near field to obtain a sound field recovery result.
Specifically, the synthesis is performed according to the following formula to obtain the sound field reduction result:
wherein, PfRepresenting the sound field restoration result; field sound pressure; pnhA sound field restoration signal representing a high frequency near field; pflA sound field restoration signal representing a low frequency far field; pnlA sound field restoration signal representing a low frequency near field; pfhAnd the sound field representing the high-frequency far field restores the signal.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a sound field restoration device, and the sound field in the vehicle is restored through the sound field restoration device method. For the concrete implementation process of the sound field restoring apparatus, reference is made to the content of the sound field restoring apparatus method described above, and details are not repeated here.
The embodiment of the invention also provides the automobile, and the sound field in the automobile is restored through the sound field restoring device. In the concrete implementation process, reference is made to the contents of the sound field restoration apparatus method, and details are not repeated here.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing sound field measurement near the front cabin in the vehicle. By taking sound field information near a front cabin in a vehicle as a target, when the sound field is reduced, the radius of a spherical array with a support in the figure is 0.1m, and 36 microphones are embedded in a spherical surface, namely
The spherical array is placed at the passenger seat, and the vertical distance between the center point of the microphone array and the instrument desk is 0.5m. The analysis frequency range of the noise in the automobile is 0-3000Hz. Taking 50 points on the instrument desk as a reduction point, namely N =50, wherein the farthest distance from the center of the microphone array to the reduction point is 1.2m, and the nearest distance is 0.5m. The four divided scenarios are shown in the following table:
wherein α =0.5. The sound field reduction result P can be synthesized by adopting the sound field reduction devicef。
In summary, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the sound field restoration method, the sound field restoration device and the automobile, beam forming and acoustic holography algorithms are combined, a complex sound field is automatically divided into four scenes, a high-frequency far-field sound field is restored by using the beam forming algorithm, a near-field low-frequency sound field is restored by using the acoustic holography algorithm, and a near-field high-frequency sound field and a far-field low-frequency sound field are restored by using an aliasing weighting algorithm. The sound field reduction accuracy can be greatly improved through the self-adaptive distribution sound field reduction algorithm. The method can accurately restore the sound field characteristics in a complex application scene, and has good applicability and engineering application value.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is therefore to be understood that the invention is not limited by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A sound field restoration method, comprising the steps of:
s1, obtaining sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points in a reduction sound field;
s2, inputting sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points into a preset acoustic holographic calculation model to obtain low-frequency near-field reduction data; inputting sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points into a preset beam forming calculation model to obtain recovery data of a high-frequency far field; normalizing the restored data of the low-frequency near field and the restored data of the high-frequency far field respectively to obtain a sound field restored signal of the low-frequency near field and a sound field restored signal of the high-frequency far field;
s3, performing aliasing weighting calculation on the sound pressure signals of the plurality of measuring points to obtain a low-frequency far-field sound field restoration signal and a high-frequency near-field sound field restoration signal;
and S4, synthesizing the sound field recovery signal of the low-frequency near field, the sound field recovery signal of the high-frequency far field, the sound field recovery signal of the low-frequency far field and the sound field recovery signal of the high-frequency near field to obtain a sound field recovery result.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step S2 further comprises:
defining a sound pressure signal with the frequency of the sound field restoration signal not higher than 1/2 of the upper limit of the analysis frequency as a low-frequency signal; the sound pressure signal with the frequency not lower than the upper limit of the analysis frequency (1/2) is defined as a high-frequency signal; defining a sound pressure signal with the distance between a reduction point of the sound field reduction signal and any measurement point not more than 3 times of the distance between the signal acquisition array and the farthest sensor as a near-field signal; defining a sound pressure signal with the distance between the reduction point of the sound field reduction signal and any measurement point not less than 3 times of the distance between the signal acquisition array and the farthest sensor as a far field signal;
classifying a sound field restoration signal belonging to a low-frequency signal and to a near-field signal as a low-frequency near-field sound pressure signal; classifying a sound field restoration signal belonging to a low-frequency signal and to a far-field signal as a low-frequency far-field sound pressure signal; classifying a sound field restoration signal belonging to a high-frequency signal and to a near-field signal as a high-frequency near-field sound pressure signal; the sound field restoration signal belonging to the high frequency signal and to the far field signal is classified as a sound pressure signal of the high frequency far field.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein in step S2, the restored data of the low frequency near field is normalized according to the following formula:
wherein, PnlA sound field restoration signal representing a low frequency near field;
restored data representing a low frequency near field; i | · | | represents a two-norm.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein in step S2, the restored data of the high frequency far field is normalized according to the following formula:
wherein, PfhA sound field recovery signal representing a high frequency far field;
restored data representing a high frequency far field; i | · | | represents a two-norm.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the step S3 comprises:
sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points are input into a preset acoustic holographic calculation model to obtain sound field sound pressure of a low-frequency far field and sound field sound pressure of a high-frequency near field; sound pressure signals of a plurality of measuring points are input into a preset beam forming calculation model to obtain a low-frequency far-field sound field distribution signal and a high-frequency near-field sound field distribution signal;
normalizing and weighting sound field sound pressure of a low-frequency far field and sound field distribution signals of the low-frequency far field to obtain a sound field restoration signal of the low-frequency far field;
and normalizing and weighting the sound field sound pressure of the high-frequency near field and the sound field distribution signal of the high-frequency near field to obtain a sound field restoration signal of the high-frequency near field.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein in step S4, the sound field sound pressure of the low frequency far field, the sound field distribution signal of the low frequency far field are normalized and weighted according to the following formulas:
wherein, | | · | | | represents a two-norm; alpha represents a weighting coefficient, and the value range of the alpha belongs to (0.2, 0.8);
sound field sound pressure representing a low frequency far field;
a sound field distribution signal representing a low frequency far field; p isflAnd representing the sound field recovery signal of the low-frequency far field.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein in step S4, the sound-field sound pressure of the high-frequency near-field, the sound-field distribution signal of the high-frequency near-field are normalized and weighted according to the following formulas:
wherein, | | · | | represents a two-norm; alpha represents a weighting coefficient, and the value range of the weighting coefficient is alpha belongs to (0.2, 0.8);
sound field pressures representing high frequency near fields;
a sound field distribution signal representing a high frequency near field; p isnhThe sound field representing the high frequency near field restores the signal.
8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein in step S5, the synthesis is performed according to the following formula to obtain the sound field restoration result:
wherein, PfRepresenting the sound field restoration result; field sound pressure; pnhA sound field restoration signal representing a high frequency near field; p isflA sound field restoration signal representing a low-frequency far field; p isnlA sound field restoration signal representing a low frequency near field; pfhAnd the sound field representing the high-frequency far field restores the signal.
9. An acoustic field restoration apparatus, characterized in that an acoustic field in a vehicle is restored by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. An automobile characterized in that the sound field inside the automobile is restored by the sound field restoration apparatus as claimed in claim 9.
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| CA2468147A1 (en) * | 2003-05-26 | 2004-11-26 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Sound field measurement device |
| CN102857850A (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2013-01-02 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Near-field calibrating method for acoustic parameters of high-frequency ultrasonic emitter and array |
| US20130243201A1 (en) * | 2012-02-23 | 2013-09-19 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Efficient control of sound field rotation in binaural spatial sound |
| CN110487393A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-11-22 | 安徽大学 | The unstable state free field restoring method measured using single side acoustic pressure and particle velocity |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2468147A1 (en) * | 2003-05-26 | 2004-11-26 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Sound field measurement device |
| US20130243201A1 (en) * | 2012-02-23 | 2013-09-19 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Efficient control of sound field rotation in binaural spatial sound |
| CN102857850A (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2013-01-02 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Near-field calibrating method for acoustic parameters of high-frequency ultrasonic emitter and array |
| CN110487393A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-11-22 | 安徽大学 | The unstable state free field restoring method measured using single side acoustic pressure and particle velocity |
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